福楼拜包法利夫人
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福楼拜《包法利夫人》的写作背景是什么介绍(最新版)编制人:__________________审核人:__________________审批人:__________________编制单位:__________________编制时间:____年____月____日序言下载提示:该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的,希望大家下载后,能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
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包法利夫人段落赏析5篇《包法利夫人》的作者福楼拜(1821-1880),是法国现实主义文学大师,法国19世纪小说史上三位巨人之一。
长篇小说《包法利夫人》是福楼拜的代表作。
此书通过爱玛的曲折的爱情故事,揭露了19世纪中期法国的社会生活。
包法利夫人从小在修道院接受教育.在那期间,爱玛迷上了看小说,尤其是那些有关男女情爱的书.书中男主人公不是伯爵就是子爵,这让她深深地着迷了。
就因为这样,包法利夫人才会不满于医生夏尔的胆小懦弱,迟钝无能。
就因为这样,她才踏上了寻找理想中的爱情之路。
但当时的法国正在被黑云笼罩。
她最终在被骗与人的只求自身利益之中结束了她的一生。
包法利夫人是一个悲剧人物。
她追求浪漫的爱情,奢华的生活,却不知她所处的环境给不了她想要的。
当爱情建立在物质基础上时,就注定了它的悲剧结果,无论过程如何使人沉沦,结局都只有一个。
是谁使她走向了绝路?是人们的冷漠淡然使她求助无门,还是自己对命运的屈服?最终导致了爱玛的悲剧,或许可以说是当时的社会逼得她服毒自杀的!现实与理想总会有差别,当现实于理想中的情况不同时,我们不应该把这一切归结为命运的安排。
当我们遇到挫折或者意外时,或许这是上天给我们一次调整心态的机会。
在繁华和虚荣里,也许你会忘了自己的正面目。
但要知道自己拥有的,珍惜自己获得的,不要总陷入没有结果的幻想中,来虚度光阴。
《包法利夫人》是一出现实主义与浪漫主义并存的杯具。
小说中的女主人公爱玛·包法利是一名小资产阶级的妇女。
结婚后痛恨丈夫查理·包法利医生的庸碌无能,渴望温柔,英俊而有才情的伴侣,追求浪漫和优雅的贵族生活,为了实现这个目的而不惜几次三番地与人通奸,甘愿堕落为他人情妇,痴心感情,而无暇后顾。
最终变得精神分裂,负债累累,服毒自杀的下场。
而男主人公查理是个迟钝迂腐,懦弱无能,却十分老实,勤快的人。
出生在一个破败潦倒的家庭,很迟才上学,被同学们讥笑蠢笨,然而十分勤奋,每课必上,笔记必作既不拔尖,也不垫底。
包法利夫人《包法利夫人》是法国作家福楼拜创作的长篇小说。
19世纪40年代,正是资本主义制度在西欧确立的时期,法国的资产阶级也在“七月革命”后取得了统治地位,并且,伴随着工业革命的逐渐推进,法国的资本主义得到了很大的发展,工农业在这一时期都取得了很大的进步。
而小说正是刻画了1848年资产阶级取得全面胜利后的法国第二帝国时期的社会风貌。
福楼拜写《包法利夫人》花了四年零四个月,每天工作十二小时。
正反两面的草稿写了一千八百页,最后定稿不到五百页。
1856年《包法利夫人》在《巴黎杂志》上发表。
女主人公爱玛为追求浪漫而理想的爱情,终于与现实发生冲突,走上了毁灭的道路。
爱玛悲剧命运的根源就在于她作为一个女性,在实现自我价值的过程中,把自己的全部感情和生命都奉献给了爱情,追求完美、理想而又浪漫的爱情,成了束缚她一生的镣铐。
小说描写包法利夫人爱玛为摆脱不幸婚姻,追求不正当爱情而导致堕落毁灭的悲剧。
它批判了消极浪漫主义文学的不良影响,尖锐地抨击了外省贵族、地主、高利贷者、市侩的恶德丑行,揭露了资本主义社会腐朽堕落的社会风习及小市民的鄙俗,真实地再现了资本主义发展初期在表面繁荣掩盖下的残酷现实。
将现实和幻想都作为批判对象,是福楼拜这部小说的独创之处/在理想的对照之下,现实是多么庸俗丑恶;在现实的反衬之下,理想又显得多么空虚苍白可笑。
幻想与现实的强大反差,消极浪漫主义的不良影响和丑恶残酷现实的腐蚀,是造成爱玛悲剧的原因。
此外,小说也阐释了一个人生普遍存在的困惑:人在追求完美、实现自我价值的时候往往会陷身欲望与现实的冲突,恰如戴上镣铐或落入陷阱,无法解脱,不能自拔,最终可能会导致失败或毁灭,尽管在挣扎过程中或许也有暂时的成功,但总要付出高昂的代价。
福楼拜在小说中客观地揭示了酿成包法利夫人自杀的前因后果,陈述了社会所不能推卸的责任。
爱玛的堕落是命中注定的,在劫难逃,并不是她本人的错,是当时的社会造成的。
爱玛自杀后,勾引爱玛的郝麦得到了十宇勋章,把爱玛逼得自杀的奸商兼高利贷者勒乐却发了财。
包法利夫人英文简介《包法利夫人》是法国作家福楼拜创作的长篇小说。
作品讲述的是一个受过贵族化教育的农家女爱玛的故事。
下面是小编给大家整理的包法利夫人英文简介,供大家参阅!《包法利夫人》简介"Lady Bovary" is a novel written by the French writer Flaubert.The work is about the story of an aristocratic education farmer Emma. She looks down when the township doctor's husband package law and interest, dream of legendary love. But her twice betrayal not only did not bring her happiness, but make her own usurers to exploit the object. Finally, she debt as a mountain, desperate, had to suicide.It is a peach event that is common in both life and in literary works, but the author's strokes perceive sensitive areas that are not yet covered by others. Emma's death is not just her own tragedy, but also the tragedy of that era. The author uses the delicate strokes to describe the process of the hero's emotional degradation, the author tries to find the social roots of this tragedy.《包法利夫人》内容简介Charlie Pharaoh is the son of a military doctor. He is not high talent, but very diligent,honest, cowardly and incompetent. Father does not attach importance to education. He was twelve years old by his mother for his right to go to school, and later became a doctor. At that time his parents and he found a widow with 1,200 francs per year income - the wife of Mrs. Dolbick, she was forty-five years old, old and ugly, "Chai as dry, like spring Germination like a pimple. " But because of her money, there is no lack of candidates should be elected. She married Charlie and became the master of his master: Charlie had to obey her mind to wear clothes, according to her orders forced the patient; she read his letters, across the board eavesdropping him to the women to see a doctor.One day, Doctor Charlie received an urgent letter asking him to go to the Bayer to give a rich farmer, Mr. Lu Ou, and his one leg broke. Luu is a short fat man about five years old, his wife died two years ago. At home by her only daughter Amy cuisine. This is a romantic girl, cheeks are rosy, hair black oil, in the back of the back into a big bun, eyes are beautiful, because the eyelashes sake, brown color as if the black color, she "look to you , No worries, there is a naive look. She left a deep impression on Charlie. Charlie to Luou after treatment, promised him to visit three days later, but the next day he went.After that, he went twice a week. Has spent forty-six days, cured Luo's legs.Charlie 's wife and her husband often go to Bayer. Inevitably to inquire about the patient's details. When she knew that Miss Luo had been educated, know how to dance, geography, sketch, embroidery and playing the piano, the vinegar big hair. She asked her husband to put his hand on the book, swear to her, and never go to Bayer again. Charlie obediently listening, still doing it. But soon happened an accident, his wife's property custodian with her cash to escape. Charlie's parents found that the daughter-in-law did not have a income of 1,200 francs a year (she lied at the time of her engagement) and came to her and was noisy. She was angrily, vomiting blood dead.Lu Ou father to Charlie delivery fee, when he knew Charlie's misfortune, they try to comfort him, said he had experienced the pain of widowed. He invited Charlie to Bayer to get away. Charlie went, and fell in love with Emma. He asked the father of Lu Ou father. Luo felt Charlie is not the ideal son-in-law, but people say that he is well-behaved, live frugally, naturally not too care about dowry, they agreed. After the spring, Charlie and Emma held a wedding according to localcustoms.Emma thirteen years old entered the monastery attached to the boarding school to study. She was educated by nobility. She loves church flowers, religious music, and grows under the influence of romantic novels. Peter's novel "Paul ear and Virginia" is one of her favorite books. She dreamed of the life of small bamboo house, especially a good brother, affection lingering, climb even higher than the clock tower to pick the red fruit, or barefoot on the beach to run, give you a nest ; She "sincerely respects those famous or unfortunate women", immersed in Romantik's Myanmar. An old girl who came from the aristocratic family before the Great Revolution went to the monastery every month for a week, she told the girls about the romantic story, and there was always a legendary novel in the pocket. Later, Emma's mother died, his father took her home.Emma got married, she finally got the kind of incredible love. In the past, love seems to be a rose feathers of the giant bird, is expected to not, in the poem of the bright paradise soar. After marriage, she found Charlie is an ordinary and vulgar people. He "talk like a sidewalk as flat, view vulgar, as pedestrians generally dress ordinary, can not afford to get emotional, but also excitement or dream." Charlie will not swim,not than the sword, will not shoot the gun. At one time Emma asked him a rush in the legendary novel, and he was stunned. She remembered why she was getting married. Sometimes, in order to make up for the emptiness of her feelings, she recounted Charlie to her recollection of love poems, while Yin and sigh. But after she had been found, she found herself as calm as before her singing, and Charlie did not touch it, as the knives knocked on the rocks, and when she had knocked it, she did not emit a Mars.Soon, Charlie had a well-known Marquis's aphrodisiac. The Marquis was grateful to Charlie that he invited Charlie to his field to his patriarch. Charlie and his wife went to the carriage. It is an Italian-style manor house, a large house, and a beautiful garden. Emma on the Marquis home luxury style, elegant guests, jeweled dance scenes, one by one fascinated.A romantic mourner to invite her to dance, to her left a deep impression. On the way home, she picked up a Viscount a cigar box, but also brought back her memories of the dance. Back home, she was angry with the maid. She hid the cigar box, when Charlie was not at home, she took it out, opened and opened, looked and looked, and even smell the lining of the taste: a mixed with beautiful cherry and tobacco taste. She "hope to die, and hopeto live in Paris".In the life of Emma, in the life of Emma, chisel a hole, as the mountains of those big cracks, a storm, a night effort, it became such a look. She had no choice but to open something. But she participated in the ball of the beautiful dress, satin shoes, she was devoutly into the chest of drawers. "Her heart is like them, and wealth has had contact, add some dawd things." Emma dismissed the maid and did not want to live in Dorothy. She always looks dislike for her husband. She became lazy, "surly and capricious".Charlie was afraid of causing Emma sick. They moved from Dorothy to Yongzhen. It was a village of Tongdao Road, with an old church and a long street as a bullet. There are gold lions on the street and the attention of Mr. Hao Mai's pharmacy. Hao Mai is a pharmacist, wearing a gold pendant hats, wearing a pair of green skin slippers, his complacent face a few fine linen, air like hanging on his head in the wicker cage goldfinch That way. He often loves to boast, advertised himself as an atheist, he did not have a doctor license, but privately to the farmers to see a doctor. Emma to Yongzhen that day, by Hao Mai and a lawyer where the trainer to accompany Leon to accompany dinner.Leon Du Pu is a young man with golden hair, the Golden LionHotel package to eat the tenants. Emma and his first meeting will be able to talk about. They have the same interest, and are like traveling and music. Since then, they have often talked about romance novels and time plays, and "constantly exchange books and songs." Mr. Bao Fali rare jealousy, not blame.Emma gave birth to a girl named Baird. Feed to the carpenter's woman. Leon sometimes accompanied her to see her daughter. They are getting closer, Emma birthday, Leon sent a gift, Emma also gave him a blanket.Fashion businessman Lele, is a sly business expert, puffiness face without a beard, as if wiping a thin licorice juice; a pair of thieves bright black eyes, lining the white hair, more and more flexible. He had a hatred of his face, his waist as he was, and his bow was like a bow. He saw Emma is a love decorated "elegant woman", then automatically come to take business, and credit to her, to meet her all kinds of vanity hobbies.Emma fell in love with Leon. She in order to get rid of this mind, turn to care about housework, the small whites also take home, and on time to church. She was thin, pale, as cold as marble. On one occasion, she even wanted to reveal the secret of the heart to the clergyman in repentance, but she saw thatthe priest was not able to do anything. She was depressed by her mood, pushed her daughter down, broke her face. Leon also fell into love. In order to get rid of this depression, he went to Paris to finish the course. Parting, he and Emma Yiyi farewell. They all feel infinite melancholy.Emma is sick and sick. The memory of Leon became the center of her grief. Even if the passengers in the Russian prairie snow lit up the fire, but also less than Leon in her memories so bright. Once, Ip's landlord, Rodolfo Brown, came to Dr. Pharaoh for his blood. This is a veteran in the lunar month. About thirty-four-year-old scene, ruthless, think Ming Minmin. He has two Zhuangtian, recently bought a manor, each year more than fifteen thousand francs of income. He saw Emma was born Peugeot, the initial meeting will be seduced her bad idea.Rodolfo took advantage of the opportunity to host the state trade show in Yongzhen, close to Emma, and devote her to her, and he dressed himself as a wretch without friend, nobody cares and depressed to the extreme. He said that as long as he can get a sincere treatment of his people, he will overcome all difficulties, to achieve their goals. They talked about the vulgarity of the mainland, the stifling of life, the ideal of destruction ... ...The opening ceremony of the exhibition began, the state executive committee Liao Wan sat four rounds of carriage slowly late. This is a bald forehead, thick eyelids, gray face. He made a speech to the masses, the "beautiful state of the motherland,"a song of praise. He said that the current French "everywhere prosperous, art developed, everywhere to build a new road, the collective state added a lot of new arteries, constitute a new link; our great industrial center and active; religious strengthening, law light, we The pier is full of goods ... ... "His speech and the nearby grazing cattle and sheep bleating call into a piece, the masses also to his tongue. After the meeting, held a ceremony. The government issued a silver medal of twenty-five francs to an old woman who had served for fifty-four years in a monastery. That old woman face wrinkles, dry thin exhausted. When she received the medal, said: "I took this church to give us the chief, give me a mass." Finally, held a fireworks. Emma and Randolph do not care about the spectacular scenes of the exhibition. They just take this opportunity to speak children, chat, until the return of Charlie back so far.After the show, Emma has forgotten Randolph. And Randolph was interested in six weeks before going to see her. He was concerned about Emma's health grounds, to lend her horse ridingher. They went to the field with the heart. Emma can not afford the temptation of Rhodes, made his mistress. They are kept from the bag of law and medicine often with the tryst. At this time, Emma emotional development to the extent of fanaticism, she asked Rodolf to take her away, and he went out with him She and Charlie's mother also quarreled.However, Rhodes is a quarrel. He was playing with women, the ugly idea of acting, cheating Emma's feelings. He promised to flee with her, but fled the day, his trustee gave Emma a letter. The letter said, to escape both of them are not appropriate, Emma will one day regret it. He did not want to be the reason for her regret; say that the world is cold, fled there can not help but be insulted. Therefore, he and her love farewell. Emma was faint, and her heart was as big as a hit. In the evening, she saw Rodolfo sitting in the carriage and flew through Yongzhen, to Lu Ang to find his mistress - a female play. Emma immediately fainted. Since then, she had a serious illness. After the disease is good, she would like to change the former, re-life. But then another thing happened.Pharmacist Hao Mai invited Baffle couple to Luon to see the play. In the theater, Emma met the actor who had been an affection. Now he is practicing at a firm in Rouang. So, theyburied in the heart of love seeds for many years and sprout. They did not watch the play, they went to the pier chat. At this time, Leon is not a fledgling epigenetic, but a person with full social experience. He will meet to meet Emma, and tell her the pain after parting. When Emma talked about his own illness, almost died, Leon put on a very sad look. He said that he also "envy the grave of the quiet", often think of death, and even one day, he also made a will, told others after his death, to use Emma gave him that piece of beautiful blanket wrapped buried he. He tried to encourage Emma to stay for another day to see the scene. Dr. Pharaoh went to Yongzhen for medical affairs. Emma stayed. So she and Leon will go to visit the Louvre Cathedral, sitting in the carriage ride in the city. In this way, Emma and Leon.Emma returned to Yongzhen, an excuse to go to Luon to learn the piano, in fact, she is to and Lion tryst. Emma once again put all his enthusiasm in the Leon body, indulge in the pleasure of pleasure. In order not to spend, she carrying her husband to businessman Lele borrowing.However, Leon and Rodolf so deceived Emma's feelings. He was getting tired of Emma. Especially when he received the letter from the mother and the lawyer of the package Kajicounsel, decided to break off with Emma. Because of this ambiguous relationship, will affect his future. Soon, he will be promoted to the first trainee. So he began to avoid her.At this moment, Emma received a summons from the court. Businessman Lele to force her to pay off the debt, the court limited Emma in twenty-four hours, all eight thousand francs of the loan to pay off, or to property mortgage. Emma reluctantly to Lele pleading, to him a few days longer, but he turned his face do not recognize people, refused to work. Emma went to prayer for help in Leon, and Leon deceived her from the money. She went to the lawyer to borrow money from the people, but this old ghost is her eyebrows want to occupy her She went angrily. In the end, she thought of Prisiam to go to Roderov to help. Luo Duoer Fu actually said he had no money. Emma suffered humiliation, feeling heavy. When she came out from the Rodolfo family, felt the wall shaking, the ceiling down her. She walked into a long boulevard and stumbled over the windy cloth ... came home, and Herman had eaten arsenic. She would like to say "all the fraud, despicable and tortured her countless desires, and she is irrelevant." Dr. Pharaoh knelt on her bedside, and she put her hand in his hair, and the sweet feeling was more sad for the doctor. Emma also felt sorry forher husband. She said to him, "You are a good man." Finally, she looked at the child and left the world with pain.In order to pay off the debt, the Pharaoh doctor to sell all the goods are sold out. When he opened the drawer, he found his wife and Leon's love letters and the portrait of Rodolfo. He was so sad that he could not stand out for a long time. Once, he met Rudolph in the market, but he forgave his rival, that "wrong is life." He was dead after he had suffered all sorts of blows. Emma left the daughter foster home in aunt's house, and later into the mill.After the death of Dr. Pharaoh, there have been three doctors to Yongzhen opening, but they can not stand Hao Mao desperately crowded, no one is tenable. So the illegally opened pharmacist was lucky and received the cross issued by the government.《包法利夫人》创作背景In the 1940s, it was the period when the capitalist system was established in Western Europe, and that the French bourgeoisie gained dominance after the July Revolution, and that with the gradual advancement of the industrial revolution, French capitalism was Big development, industry and agriculture in this period have made great progress. And the novel is depicting the 1848 bourgeoisieachieved a comprehensive victory after the French second empire period of social outlook. The novel is based on the real thing: a village doctor's wife's case.Flaubert wrote "Lady Bovary" spent four years and four months, working twelve hours a day. Both sides of the draft of the draft written 1,800 pages, the final version of less than five hundred pages. 1856 "Lady Bovary" published in the "Paris magazine".---来源网络整理,仅供参考。
包法利夫人名词解释一、包法利夫人的背景介绍包法利夫人(Madame Bovary)是法国作家居斯塔夫·福楼拜于1856年创作的一部长篇小说。
这部小说被认为是现代文学的里程碑之一,对后世的文学创作产生了深远的影响。
福楼拜创作《包法利夫人》时,法国正处于19世纪中叶的社会和政治动荡时期。
小说的主人公是一个农村医生的妻子,名叫艾玛·包法利。
艾玛是一个对农村生活感到厌倦的女性,她渴望追求浪漫的爱情和奢华的生活。
然而,她的婚姻并没有满足她的欲望,于是她开始寻求其他的出路,最终导致了悲剧的结局。
二、包法利夫人的主题《包法利夫人》主要探讨了现实与理想之间的冲突、人性的贪婪和欲望的无尽追求。
小说通过描写艾玛的一生,展示了她对爱情和物质的不切实际的渴望,以及她在追求梦想的过程中逐渐失去自我,最终走向毁灭的悲剧。
小说中的艾玛是一个典型的浪漫主义者,她渴望追求高尚的爱情和华丽的生活。
然而,现实却给了她无法满足的婚姻和平凡的生活。
她开始追求外遇,寄希望于通过与情人的关系来满足内心的欲望。
然而,这种追求只是暂时的满足,最终使她陷入了更深的困境。
福楼拜通过描写艾玛的故事,批判了19世纪法国社会中的道德堕落和虚荣心的盛行。
他认为,人们的欲望是无尽的,追求物质和享受只会让人陷入更深的痛苦之中。
小说中的艾玛最终因为无法满足自己的欲望而选择自杀,彰显了现实与理想的冲突和人性的脆弱。
三、包法利夫人的艺术手法福楼拜在《包法利夫人》中运用了多种艺术手法,使小说更加生动、深入人心。
首先,福楼拜运用了描写细致入微的手法,让读者能够深入了解到艾玛的内心世界。
他通过详细描写艾玛的思想、情感和行为,展示了她对爱情和物质的追求。
这种描写方式使读者能够更好地理解艾玛的动机和心理变化,增加了小说的真实感和可信度。
其次,福楼拜运用了意象丰富的语言,给人以强烈的视觉和感官的冲击。
他通过描写自然景色、人物形象和物品细节,营造出了小说的独特氛围。
《包法利夫人》简介资料《包法利夫人》简介资料导语:《包法利夫人》是著名作家福楼拜的一部小说,他描写了一个不幸的女人追求不幸的生活,最后不幸的遭遇。
下面是由本店铺为大家整理的一些关于这本书的简单介绍,以供大家需要!故事简介包法利夫人小说描写的是一位小资产阶级妇女因为不满足平庸的生活而逐渐堕落的过程。
主人公爱玛为了追求浪漫和优雅的生活而自甘堕落与人通奸,最终因为负债累累无力偿还而身败名裂,服毒自杀。
这里写的是一个无论在生活里还是在文学作品中都很常见的桃色事件,但是作者的笔触感知到的是旁人尚未涉及的敏感区域。
爱玛的死不仅仅是她自身的悲剧,更是那个时代的悲剧。
作者用很细腻的笔触描写了主人公情感堕落的过程,作者很努力地找寻着造成这种悲剧的社会根源。
创作背景19世纪40年代,正是资本主义制度在西欧确立的时期,法国的资产阶级也在"七月革命"后取得了统治地位,并且,伴随着工业革命的逐渐推进,法国的资本主义得到了很大的发展,工农业在这一时期都取得了很大的进步。
而小说正是刻画了1848年资产阶级取得全面胜利后的法国第二帝国时期的社会风貌。
小说取材于真人真事:一个乡村医生夫人的服毒案。
福楼拜写《包法利夫人》花了四年零四个月,每天工作十二小时。
正反两面的草稿写了一千八百页,最后定稿不到五百页。
1856年《包法利夫人》在《巴黎杂志》上发表。
作品主题如同塞万提斯的《堂吉诃德》是对骑士小说的清算一样,《包法利夫人》在一定意义上是对浪漫主义与浪漫派小说的清算。
女主人公爱玛·包法利("爱玛"是个浪漫的名字,"包法利"Bovary这个姓氏的词根Bov-包含"牛"的意思:福楼拜煞费苦心选定的这个姓名,本身就意味着想入非非的浪漫与平庸的现实之间的反差)。
故事很简单,没有浪漫派小说曲折离奇的情节,无非是一个"淫妇"通奸偷情,自食恶果。
福楼拜《包法利夫人》主要内容概要及赏析(最新版)编制人:__________________审核人:__________________审批人:__________________编制单位:__________________编制时间:____年____月____日序言下载提示:该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的,希望大家下载后,能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改,请根据实际需要进行调整和使用,谢谢!并且,本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文,如诗歌散文、原文赏析、读书笔记、经典名著、古典文学、网络文学、经典语录、童话故事、心得体会、其他范文等等,想了解不同范文格式和写法,敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor.I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!In addition, this shop provides you with various types of classic sample essays, such as poetry and prose, original text appreciation, reading notes, classic works, classical literature, online literature, classic quotations, fairy tales, experience, other sample essays, etc. if you want to know the difference Please pay attention to the format and writing of the sample essay!福楼拜《包法利夫人》主要内容概要及赏析【导语】:《包法利夫人》外国文学作品简析【法国】福楼拜居斯达夫福楼拜(18211880),法国作家。
《包法利夫人》福楼拜的成名作,也是其代表作。
爱玛包法利医生鲁道尔夫莱昂瞎子
包法利夫人的形象问题:
1、一个理想没有实现的梦想家,一个被现实击败的浪漫主义者,被感伤主义的浪漫作品所败坏,又被现实环境的陷阱所捕捉。
2、和堂吉诃德做比较。
3、是对福楼拜自身的投射,是他对自身白日梦和浪漫情怀的挑战,是一种自嘲。
福楼拜视觉上变化和客观叙事。
在福楼拜的笔下,以往全知的叙事视角受到了严格的限制:作者不再站在无所不知的立场,模仿上帝的口吻说话
福楼拜要求叙事排除一切的主观抒情,排除作者的声音,让事实展现它自己。
但福楼拜的客观化叙事并没有完全放弃自己“引导”读者的权利。
《包法利夫人》并不是一个“纯客观”的作品。
比如我们仍能从作品的描述中捕捉到一丝“反讽”的意味。
福楼拜对语言有着特殊的敏感,把语言的准确性看成是作者表述上的唯一使命
在《包法利夫人》这部作品中,任何一个细节和线索,福楼拜都力图做到尽善尽美,叙事的节奏,语言的分寸,速度和强度的安排都恰到好处。