unit3-课外练习-学生版

2013-04-08 作业，下周课上处理。

Part I Skimming and Scanning (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions.For questions 1-7, writeY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. (10 points)Identity TheftWhat happens when you find out that someone has used your name to get a credit card and has run up thousands of dollars in charges that you are now going to have to convince the credit card company that you are not responsible for? What if they opened bank accounts in your name, committed crimes using your name, or worse?Credit Card FraudHave you ever eaten at a restaurant, paid with a credit card, and forgotten to get your copy of the credit card receipt? Did you know that many of these receipts have your credit card number printed right there for anyone to see and use? And, if you've signed them, your signature is also right there for someone to carefully copy. This can lead to the simplest form of identity theft. With this bit of information, someone can be well on his way to making purchases either by phone or on the Internet using your credit card number. You won't know about it until you get your statement. All they have to have, in most cases, is your mailing address, which can be looked up in a phone book or easily found on the Internet.Or it can happen when your pre-approved credit card offers fall into the wrong hands. All a person has to do is get these out of your mailbox or trash can and mail them in with a change of address request and start spending. Someone can even apply for a credit card in your name if they have the right information. You won't know a thing about it until the credit card company tracks you down and demands payment for the purchases "you" have racked up.With a person's name, social security number and date of birth, someone can get loans, access the person's existing bank accounts, open new bank accounts, lease or buy cars, get insurance, you name it. Think about the things you throw in the trash. Do you throw your pay stubs away once you've recorded the amount in your checkbook? Take a look at some of the information on that seemingly unimportant piece of paper:∙your full name∙your address∙your social security number∙your complete bank account number (if you have direct deposit)∙your employer and its address∙your rate of payNow, think about the types of information you have to provide in order to get a credit card or a loan or lease a car. There is very little additional information that is needed in order to get that loan. I recently got a home equity loan and did all but the final signing of the documents over the phone, and faxed all of my financial information directly to the loan officer. It would not have been that difficult to "create" those documents using someone else's social security number, bank account numbers and other personal information. That's a scary thought! Imagine finding out that someone had gotten a mortgage in your name. Clearing that up with the bank and getting it off of your credit history would be quite a battle. You are left with the time-consuming task of repairing your credit and getting your finances back on track.Accessing Personal InformationYour personal information can be found in many places. It can be:∙dug out of trash cans and dumpsters, known as "dumpster diving"∙memorized or copied by sales clerks and waiters∙removed from your mailbox in the form of tax notices, financial account statements and other bills before you have a chance to get them or even know they are there ∙removed from your employer's files, either secretly or with the help of an inside accomplice∙removed from your hospital records, usually with the help of an inside accomplice∙removed from your financial lender's files∙removed from your landlord's files∙purchased (or found free) in online (or offline) databases∙collected from "cloned" Websites∙stolen from a merchant database through computer hacking∙stolen through hacking into commercial Websites or your personal computer and using software to mirror keystrokes to capture credit card account information ∙collected from "cloned" chat rooms that include links to outside Websites that offer services or productsBasically, anywhere you've provided that information can be a target. Often, employees who have access to the information are bribed or offered a cut of the profits in exchange for personal information about other employees. The more sophisticated the perpetrator (犯罪分子), the more money is stolen and the more people scammed (被骗). Clerks can even put skimmers on the credit card machines that will record credit card information for later use. Temporary employees seem to be more frequently involved in identity theft scandals than permanent employees, simply because fewer background checks are done on them.What about all of the publicly available information someone can access about you? Sources for this information include:∙public records — These records that are open for public inspection include driver's license information, real estate records, business records, vehicle information, certaintypes of professional certifications and licensing information, and any other types ofdata collected by public entities.∙information that is publicly available — This means non-government information that is found in newspapers, such as classified advertisements and reports, as well as phonebook entries.∙open-source information — This refers to information about you that may be found in periodicals and on Websites.While some information about your life is pretty well protected, such as medical, financial and academic records, your other identifying information (social security number, home address, etc.) is not so protected. One scary statistic: According to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), 19 percent of all victims of identity theft who completed that section of the FTC complaint form had a personal relationship with the thief; 10 percent of those thieves were family members.How to Protect YourselfProtecting yourself from identity theft takes proactive effort. You can't simply assume it's not going to happen to you and go on about your life — it can happen to anyone. It even happens to celebrities. Oprah Winfrey, Tiger Woods, Robert De Niro and Martha Stewart have all had their identities stolen. While you can't ever totally protect yourself from these thieves, you can at least make yourself less attractive as a victim by doing what you can to make it more difficult for them to access your information. Here are some things you can do to protect yourself: ∙DON'T give out your social security number unless it is absolutely necessary. Many companies collect more information than they really need. Make sure that it'ssomething they have to have and make sure they'll protect your privacy.∙DON'T put any other information besides your name and address on your checks, and keep a close watch on your checkbook both when you're writing checks and when it islying around.∙DON'T carry your social security card, passport, or birth certificate in your wallet or purse. Also, only carry as many credit cards as are absolutely necessary. It has alsobeen suggested that you photocopy everything you carry in your wallet to makecanceling things easier in the event that your wallet is stolen.∙REVIEW your credit report every year to make sure there haven't been any new credit cards or other accounts issued (to someone other than you) and to make sure therehaven't been inquiries by people you haven't initiated business with.∙NEVER give out personal information on the phone to someone you don't know and who initiated the call.∙REVIEW your monthly credit card statement each month to make sure there aren't any charges showing up that aren't yours. Also, make sure you get a monthlystatement.∙IF you're ever denied credit, FIND OUT WHY, especially if you haven't reviewed your credit report lately. This may be the first indication you get that someone hasstolen your identity and is racking up charges in your name.1. N Identity theft happens when other people use your credit card information and signature for your own benefit.2. N In most cases, a person’s mailing address is not necessary for an online credit card fraud.3. Y With the right information, people can apply for a credit card in your name and you have to pay for their purchases.4. NG One of the best ways to keep your pay stubs is to put them under the care of your employer.5. Y Identity theft victims have to repair their credit and get finances back on track, that turns out to be a time-consuming task.6. NG Your personal information in the form of tax notices or financial account statements can be stolen from the bank’s mail box.7. Y Temporary employees are more frequently involved in identity theft than permanent employees because they are less likely to be checked about their backgrounds.8. According to the Federal Trade Commission, the identifying information may even be stolen by _____ family members _____________________.9. According to the passage, even Oprah Winfrey has once become the victim of ________ identity theft _______________.10. Only when it’s absolutely necessary, you shouldn’t let others know your ____ your social security number ______________________.Part II Banked Cloze1The modern zoological park has become the last refugee of vanishing species. It is true that the zoos themselves have been 1. to the destruction of some species when they were eager to get new animals for their collections. For every bird, zebra, or kangaroo that reached the zoo alive, many were killed during 2. . In order to avoid such waste, the directors of the great zoos have stopped buying animals from dealers; instead, they 3. their own animals, and trade among themselves. Another change in the organization of the zoos is: the parks do not try to show one 4. of every animal species in existence; they exhibit fewer species.A modern zoo is still a place where families can look at 5. animals. But the idea that the zoo will make money in the process of amusing the crowd had to be 6. long ago. With its special buildings and grounds, temperature control, medical care and so on, a zoo is a very 7. establishment. It can only 8. if it receives funds from a zoological society, or from the city or the state in which it is located. Furthermore, unlike the zoological gardens in the past, a modern zoo is not run 9. as a show. Its three main goals, as described by one of the most energetic directors, are: first, to study the animals; second, to 10. their survival by breeding and protecting them; third, to educate the public and turn zoo visitors into animal lovers.A)unfamiliar F) survive K) exclusivelyB)generally G) insure L) inexpensiveC)assure H) breed M) transportationD)specimen I) supplement N) contributoryE)justify J) abandoned O) costly2Americans are people obsessed with child-rearing. In their books, magazines, talk shows, parent training courses, White House conferences, they endlessly 1. L) debate the best ways to raise children. In addition to the argument, they translate them into action. They 2. E）erect playgrounds for the youngsters' pleasure, equip large schools for their education, and train skilled specialists for them. Whole industries in America are devoted to making children 3. H) merry , healthy and wise.But this interest in childhood is 4. approximately new. In fact, until very recently people considered childhood just a grief, unimportant tart to 5.A>consequent he real happiness of living. By and large, they ignore children, beat them, or touch them carelessly, much as we would 6. G) amuse ourselveswith some little dogs. When they gave serious thoughts to children at all, people either conceived of them as miniature adults or as 7 F) adulthood. , nformed animals.Through the ages the experiences of childhood have been as 8. J) complicated as its duration. Actions that would have provoked a beating in one era elicit extra loving are in another. Babies who have been nurtured exclusively by their mother in one generation are left with day-care workers in another. In some places children have been trained to get through dangerous mountain passes, and carry enormous objects on their heads. In other places they have been taught 9. D>various oncertos.But 10. O) mutual as it has been, childhood has one common experience at its core and that is the social aspect of nurture. All children need adults to bring them up.A)consequent F) adulthood K) relativelyB)diverse G) amuse L) debateC)approximately H) merry M) decentD)various I) peculiar N) breakthroughE）erect J) complicated O) mutual。