进程间通信方式

一利用剪贴板进行进程间通信void CClipboardDlg::OnBtnSend(){// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(OpenClipboard()) //打开剪贴板{EmptyClipboard(); //释放剪贴板中数据的句柄并分配剪贴板所有权给当前窗口CString str;HANDLE hClip;char *pBuf;GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_SEND,str);hClip=GlobalAlloc(GMEM_MOVEABLE,str.GetLength()+1); //从堆中分配指定字节的内存pBuf=(char*)GlobalLock(hClip); //对全局内存对象加锁，并将句柄转换为指针strcpy(pBuf,str);GlobalUnlock(hClip); //解锁SetClipboardData(CF_TEXT,hClip); //以指定的格式在剪贴板上放置数据CloseClipboard(); //关闭剪贴板}}void CClipboardDlg::OnBtnRecv(){// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(OpenClipboard()){if(IsClipboardFormatAvailable(CF_TEXT)) //检测剪贴板是否包含指定格式的数据{HANDLE hClip;hClip=GetClipboardData(CF_TEXT); //从剪贴板中获取指定格式的数据 char *pBuf;pBuf=(char*)GlobalLock(hClip); //将句柄转换为地址GlobalUnlock(hClip);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_RECV,pBuf);CloseClipboard();}}}二利用匿名管道进行进程间通信(匿名管道只能在父子进程间通信)父进程void CParentView::OnPipeCreate(){// TODO: Add your command handler code hereSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa;sa.bInheritHandle=TRUE;sa.lpSecurityDescriptor=NULL;sa.nLength=sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);if(!CreatePipe(&hRead,&hWrite,&sa,0)) //创建一个匿名管道并返回管道的读写句柄{MessageBox("创建匿名管道失败！");return;}STARTUPINFO sui;ZeroMemory(&sui,sizeof(STARTUPINFO));sui.cb=sizeof(STARTUPINFO);sui.dwFlags=STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;sui.hStdInput=hRead;sui.hStdOutput=hWrite;sui.hStdError=GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE);PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;if(!CreateProcess("..\\Child\\Debug\\Child.exe",NULL,NULL,NULL,TRUE,0,NULL,NULL,&sui,&pi)){CloseHandle(hRead);CloseHandle(hWrite);hRead=NULL;hWrite=NULL;MessageBox("创建子进程失败！");return;}else{CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);CloseHandle(pi.hThread);}}void CParentView::OnPipeRead(){// TODO: Add your command handler code herechar buf[100];DWORD dwRead;if(!ReadFile(hRead,buf,100,&dwRead,NULL)){MessageBox("读取数据失败！");return;}MessageBox(buf);}void CParentView::OnPipeWrite(){// TODO: Add your command handler code herechar buf[]="武汉科技大学黄家湖校区";DWORD dwWrite;if(!WriteFile(hWrite,buf,strlen(buf)+1,&dwWrite,NULL)){MessageBox("写入数据失败！");return;}}子进程void CChildView::OnInitialUpdate(){CView::OnInitialUpdate();// TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base class hRead=GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);hWrite=GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);}void CChildView::OnPipeRead(){// TODO: Add your command handler code herechar buf[100];DWORD dwRead;if(!ReadFile(hRead,buf,100,&dwRead,NULL)){MessageBox("读取数据失败！");return;}MessageBox(buf);}void CChildView::OnPipeWrite(){// TODO: Add your command handler code herechar buf[]="匿名管道测试程序";DWORD dwWrite;if(!WriteFile(hWrite,buf,strlen(buf)+1,&dwWrite,NULL)){MessageBox("写入数据失败！");return;}}三利用命名管道进行进程间通信服务端进程void CNamedPipeSrvView::OnPipeCreate(){// TODO: Add your command handler code herehPipe=CreateNamedPipe("\\\\.\\pipe\\MyPipe",PIPE_ACCESS_DUPLEX | FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED,0,1,1024,1024,0,NULL); //创建命名管道的实例并返回句柄if(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE==hPipe){MessageBox("创建命名管道失败！");hPipe=NULL;return;}HANDLE hEvent;hEvent=CreateEvent(NULL,TRUE,FALSE,NULL);if(!hEvent){MessageBox("创建事件对象失败！");CloseHandle(hPipe);hPipe=NULL;return;}OVERLAPPED ovlap;ZeroMemory(&ovlap,sizeof(OVERLAPPED));ovlap.hEvent=hEvent;if(!ConnectNamedPipe(hPipe,&ovlap)) //命名管道服务端进程等待客户端连接请求的到来(客户端进程连接到命名管道的实例){if(ERROR_IO_PENDING!=GetLastError()){MessageBox("等待客户端连接失败！");CloseHandle(hPipe);CloseHandle(hEvent);hPipe=NULL;return;}}if(WAIT_FAILED==WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE)) //等待事件对象变为有信号状态{MessageBox("等待对象失败！");CloseHandle(hPipe);CloseHandle(hEvent);hPipe=NULL;return;}CloseHandle(hEvent);}void CNamedPipeSrvView::OnPipeRead(){// TODO: Add your command handler code herechar buf[100];DWORD dwRead;if(!ReadFile(hPipe,buf,100,&dwRead,NULL)){MessageBox("读取数据失败！");return;}MessageBox(buf);}void CNamedPipeSrvView::OnPipeWrite(){// TODO: Add your command handler code herechar buf[]="武汉科技大学黄家湖校区";DWORD dwWrite;if(!WriteFile(hPipe,buf,strlen(buf)+1,&dwWrite,NULL)){MessageBox("写入数据失败！");return;}}客户端进程void CNamedPipeCltView::OnPipeConnect(){// TODO: Add your command handler code hereif(!WaitNamedPipe("\\\\.\\pipe\\MyPipe",NMPWAIT_WAIT_FOREVER)) //等待命名管道的实例可用{MessageBox("当前没有可利用的命名管道实例！");return;}hPipe=CreateFile("\\\\.\\pipe\\MyPipe",GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,NULL); //打开命名管道if(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE==hPipe){MessageBox("打开命名管道失败！");hPipe=NULL;return;}}void CNamedPipeCltView::OnPipeRead(){// TODO: Add your command handler code herechar buf[100];DWORD dwRead;if(!ReadFile(hPipe,buf,100,&dwRead,NULL)){MessageBox("读取数据失败！");return;}MessageBox(buf);}void CNamedPipeCltView::OnPipeWrite(){// TODO: Add your command handler code herechar buf[]="命名管道测试程序";DWORD dwWrite;if(!WriteFile(hPipe,buf,strlen(buf)+1,&dwWrite,NULL)){MessageBox("写入数据失败！");return;}}四利用邮槽进行进程间通信服务端进程void CMailslotSrvView::OnMailslotRecv(){// TODO: Add your command handler code hereHANDLE hMailslot;hMailslot=CreateMailslot("\\\\.\\mailslot\\MyMailslot",0, MAILSLOT_WAIT_FOREVER,NULL); //创建邮槽if(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE==hMailslot){MessageBox("创建邮槽失败！");return;}char buf[100];DWORD dwRead;if(!ReadFile(hMailslot,buf,100,&dwRead,NULL)) //邮槽的服务端只能接收数据{MessageBox("读取数据失败！");CloseHandle(hMailslot);return;}MessageBox(buf);CloseHandle(hMailslot);}客户端进程void CMailslotCltView::OnMailslotSend(){// TODO: Add your command handler code hereHANDLE hMailslot;hMailslot=CreateFile("\\\\.\\mailslot\\MyMailslot",GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_READ,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,NULL); //打开邮槽if(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE==hMailslot){MessageBox("打开邮槽失败！");return;}char buf[]="邮槽测试程序";DWORD dwWrite;if(!WriteFile(hMailslot,buf,strlen(buf)+1,&dwWrite,NULL)) //邮槽的客户端只能发送数据{MessageBox("写入数据失败！");CloseHandle(hMailslot);return;}CloseHandle(hMailslot);}跨网络的进程间通信可用：命名管道和邮槽（邮槽可实现一对多通信）邮槽发送的数据量较小，发送大量数据可采用管道来完成。