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1 管子及管件中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写管子pipe p 快速接头quick joint qj 弯头elbow el 翻边短节stub end se 长半径弯头long radius elbow ell 加强管接头o-let ol 短半径弯头short radius elbow els 螺纹加强管接头threadolet tol 斜接弯头（虾米腰弯头）milre elbow mel 焊接加强管接头weldolet wol 异径弯头reducing elbow rel 承插焊加强管接头socket weldoletswcl 三通tee t 弯头加强管接头elbolet elol 斜三通lateral tee lt 斜接加强管接头latrolet lol 异径三通reducing tee rt 鞍型加强管接头sweepolet sol 异径管接头（大小头）reducer r 螺纹短节nipplenip 心异径管接头（同心大小头）concentric reducer cr 双头螺纹短节threaded both end nipple fnip 心异径管接头（偏心大小头）eccentric reducer er 单头螺纹短节threaded one end nipple hnip 管箍coupling cpl 型锻螺纹短节swaged threaded nipplesnip 头管箍管帽封头石油化工企业配管工程常用词缩写双头管箍full coupling fcpl 管帽（封头）cap cp 单头管箍half coupling hcpl 焊接管帽welded cap wc 异径管箍reducing coupling rcpl 螺纹管帽thread cap tc 内外螺纹接头bushing bu 承插焊管帽socket welded cap swc 活接头union un 椭圆形封头（管帽）ellipsoid capec 管堵（丝堵）plug pg 盲板blankblk 8字盲板spectacle blind (blank)sb 2 法兰中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写法兰flangeflg 法兰密封面 flange sealing facefsf 对焊法兰welding meck flange wnf 平面flat face ff 平焊法兰slip-on flange sof 凸台面（光滑面）raised facerf 承插焊法兰socket-wclding flange swf 凹凸面male and female facemff 螺纹法兰threaded flange tf 凹面female face fmf 松套法兰lapped joint flangeljf凸面male facemf大小法兰reducing flange redf环连接面ring jcin face rjf 特殊法兰special flange spf透镜面lens face lf 法兰盖（盲法兰）blind flange bf榫槽面tongue and grcove face tgf3 垫片中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写垫片gasket g聚四氟乙烯包PTFE envelope teg 非金属垫片 non-metallic gasket nmg半金属垫片semimetallic gasket smg 石棉垫片asbestos gasket ag金属包垫片meta-jacket gasket mjg 橡胶垫片rubber gasket rg透镜式金属环lens ring gasket ler 缠绕式垫片spiral wound gasket smg八角形金属环octagonal ring gasket ocr 金属垫片metallic gasket mg椭圆形金属环oval ring gasket ovr 金属平垫片flat metallic gasket fmg齿形金属垫片solid metal scrrated gasket smsg4 紧固件中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写螺栓bolt b花篮螺母turnbuckle tb 双头螺柱stud bolt sb垫圈washer wsrnu swsr 螺母nut弹簧垫圈spring washer5 阀门中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写闸阀gate valve gv旋塞阀plug valve(ccck)pv 截止阀globe valve glv调节阀control valve cv 止回阀check valve ghv安全阀safcty calve sv 蝶阀butterfly valve buv减压阀pressure reducing valve prv 球阀ball valve bav蒸汽疏水阀steam trap st 6 管道上用的设备中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写气液分离器separator spr取样冷却器sample cooler sc 阻火器flame arrester fa排液漏斗drain funnel df 固定过滤器permanent strainer psr管道混合器line mixer lm Y型过滤器y-type strainer sry限流孔板restriction orifice ro T型过滤器t-type strainer srt混合孔板mixing orifice mo 临时过滤器temporary strainer tsr爆破片（爆破膜）rupture disk rd 消声器silencer sil补偿器expansion joint ej视镜sight flow indicator sfi7 隔热、伴热中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写隔热thermal insulation ins蒸汽外伴热external steam tracing est 保温hot insulation hi蒸汽内伴热internal steam tracing ist 保冷cold insulation ci蒸汽夹套伴热steam-jacket tracing sjt 防烫伤隔热ersonnel protection insulation ppi电伴热electric tracing et 伴热和保温tracing and insulation t & I伴热管tracing piping trp 管道伴热piping tracing pt8 配管材料和等级中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写金属材料metallic material m合金钢alloy steel alys 碳钢carbon steel cs不锈钢stainless steel ss 铸钢cast steel cas奥氏体不锈钢austenitic stainlesssteel ass 锻钢forged steel fs铸铁cast iron ci 镀锌钢galvanized steel gs可锻铸铁mallcable iron mi 渗铝钢aluminum-impregnated steel als铝aluminum al 黄铜brass表号schedule number sch 青铜bronze标准standard std 紫铜copper加强extra strong xs 壁厚thickness特强double extra strong xxs9 装置布置中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写建北construction north cn地下underground jg 东east e装置边界线battery limit line bl 西west w事故淋浴洗眼器emergency shower eye eses 南south s软管站hose station hs 北north n接续分界线match line ml 水平horizontal h管道支架（管架）piping support ps 竖直、铅直、直立vertical v地坪ground grd10 图表中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写工艺流程图process flow diagram pfd管段图spool drawing spdwg管道和仪表流程图piping & instrument diagram pid图号drawing number dwgno 接续图continucd on drawing cod所在图号drawing identification dwgl 详图detail dtl材料表list of material lom11 尺寸标注中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写标高elevation el中心至端部center to end cte 管底bottom of pipe bop端到端end to end ete 管中心center of pipe cop法兰端面flange and face fef 管顶top of pipe top面到面face to face ftf 底平flat on bottom fob直径diameter d 顶平flat on top fot公称直径nominal diameter dn 中心线center line cl内径inside diameter id 切线tangent line tl外径outnide diameter od 对称的symmetrical sym尺寸dimension dim 支架底bottom of support bos最大maximum max 支架顶top of support tos最小minimum min 净距（净空）clearance cl平均average avg 中心至中心center to center ctc约，近似appoximate app 中心至面center to face ctf12 操作方式及工作参数中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写自动automatic aut锁开lock open lo 手控manual control mc正常关normally close nc 链条操作chain operated chop正常开normally open no 铅封关门car seal close csc大气压atmosphere atm 铅封开car seal open cso公称压力nominal pressure np 闭锁lock closed lc13 施工中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写焊接welding w外观检查visual examination ve 电弧焊arc welding aw超声探伤ultrasonic inspection ui 气体保护电弧焊gas shielded-arc welding gsaw射线探伤radiographic inspection ri 电熔焊electric fusion welding efw磁粉探伤magnetic particle inspection mpi 电阻焊electric resistance welding erw液体渗透检验liquid penetrant inspection lpi气焊gas welding gw 硬度试验hardness testing hadt 搭接焊lap welding lw 水压试验hydraulic testing hydt 对焊butt welding bw 气压试验pneumatic testingpnet 定位焊tack welding tw 焊条ce 承插焊socket welding sw 焊丝welding wire ww 连续焊continuous welding cw 装配、组合assembly asy 密封焊seal welding sew 现场fieldf 堆焊surfacing sfg 现场制造field fabricated f/f 工地焊接field welding fw 现场决定suit in field sf 热处理heat treatment ht 冷紧cold spring csp 预热preheating ph 螺栓冷紧bolt cold tightening pct 应力消除stress reliefsr 螺栓热紧bolt hot tighteningbht 焊后热处理post weld heat treatment pwht 清洗clean out co检查、探伤和试验amination inspection & testingeit 14 其他中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写基础foundation fdn 工时man hour mhr inf covered electrode 信息（资料）information 螺栓分布圆bolt circle bc 参考reference ref 加强的reinforced rf 修改revision rev 低点low point lp 序号（顺序）sequence seq 吸入suction suc 设备带来with equipment w/e 排出discharge dis 仪表带来with instrument w/I 蒸汽吹扫steam outso 色标colour mark cm 美国标准锥管螺纹national standard taperpipe thread npt 腐蚀裕度corrosion allowanceca 美国标准直管螺纹national standard straight pipe thread nps公用系统utility utl 数量quantity qty 重量weightwt。
化工管道工程使用技术词汇中英文对照化工管道工程是指针对化工领域的管道系统设计、施工、维护、管理和安全监控等的技术应用。
在化工管道工程中，有着大量的技术术语需要使用，下面将为大家介绍一些常见的化工管道工程技术词汇的中英文对照。
1. 阀门valve/gate valve2. 泵pump3. 压力pressure4. 流量flow rate5. 温度temperature6. 热传导thermal conductivity7. 尺寸dimensions8. 焊接welding9. 管道材料pipe material10. 耐蚀性corrosion resistance11. 管道尺寸diameter12. 压力等级pressure rating13. 压力容器pressure vessel14. 管件fittings15. 泄压valve relief valve16. 自动控制automatic control17. 管路输送pipeline transportation18. 管线管道pipeline19. 管路变化pipeline change20. 隔膜式阀门diaphragm valve21. 球阀ball valve22. 聚乙烯管道PVC pipe23. 聚氯乙烯管道PE pipe24. 钢管道steel pipe25. 抗震性seismic resistance26. 减震降噪shock absorption and noise reduction27. 绝缘insulation28. 推力补偿器thrust compensator29. 弹性支座elastic support30. 固定支座fixed support31. 密封seal32. 活塞泵piston pump33. 电导率conductivity34. 温度控制temperature control35. 动态平衡dynamic balance36. 冷却器cooler37. 管线附属设备pipeline ancillary equipment38. 流量计flow meter39. 泄漏检测器leak detector40. 自动取样器automatic sampler以上就是一些常见的化工管道工程技术词汇的中英文对照。
油气田建设工程汉英常用分类词汇一、管道工程Pipeline Engineering首站initial station末站last station门站gate station分输站off-take station压缩机站compressor station管沟trench对口line up下沟low in法兰flange弯管机pipe bender大小头reducer偏心大小头eccentric reducer堆管场pipe yard布管string绝缘dope; coat & wrap汇管manifold增压站booster station计量站meter station盲板blind倒链chain block标高elevation跨越overhead crossing穿越crossing支线lateral阀井valve pit阀室valve chamber空压站air compressor绝缘检漏仪holiday detector喷灯burner管道施工队spread管道施工队长spread superintendent施工作业带right of way回填backfilling地貌恢复rehab连头tie in测量survey施工便道access road管道施工通道pipeline construction roadway临时堆管场temporary stockpile area地貌恢复reinstatement配管piping工艺管process piping管沟挖掘机trencher铺管机sideboom管架pipe carrier割管器pipe cutter膨胀接头expansion joint清管器pig; go-devil管钳pipe spanner管道吹扫pipeline purging作业带清理clearing right of way挖土方soil excavation湿土moist soil淤泥mud水下土方soil under water水下石方rock under water土方回填soil backfill石方回填rock backfill细土回填fine soil backfill土方临时堆放soil temporary relocation石方外运（运距10km）rock disposal (within a ten kilometer radius) 刨石方rip rock爆破石方blast rock三层聚乙烯普通级防腐3-layer polythene ordinary coating布管string pipe冷弯管cold bend热弯管hot bend制作、安装冷弯管make and install cold bend补口补伤coat welds and repair pipe coating开挖穿越公路excavate road crossing顶混凝土套管穿公路push concrete casing road crossing横钻孔机钻孔穿公路horizontal drilling machine drill road crossing 定向钻穿越河流directional drill river crossing开挖穿越河流excavate river crossing隧道穿越河流micro-tunneling river隧道穿越山体micro-tunneling hill穿越地下管道pipe crossing underground pipeline穿越地下电缆pipe crossing underground cable水工保护hydraulic protection河流护岸river bank protection河流护底riverbed protection坡地截水墙slope water retaining wall坡地挡土墙slope retaining wall护坡slope protection排水沟drain线路截断阀室（站）line block valve chamber (station) 线路分输阀室（站）line off-take valve chamber (station) 线路岸边阀室（站）line bank valve chamber (station)标志桩maker peg固定墩(50t) anchor pile (50t thrust)拆迁楼房removal buildings拆迁平房removal Bungalow拆迁牲蓄棚removal livestock shed稻田Paddy field鱼塘fishpond菜地vegetable land草坪lawn苗圃nursery果林fruit trees香蕉林banana garden荔枝林Lichee trees橘子林orange trees山林mountain forest阴极保护cathodic protection清管pigging试压testing干燥drying联合试运commissioning管道巡线员pipeline walker管线pipeline管件pipe fittings三通tee弯头bend; elbow对管器lineup clamp风动对管器pneumatic lineup clamp内对管器internal lineup clamp外对管器external lineup clamp（穿越时）顶管pipe driving短管pipe junction二、焊接工程Welding Engineering坡口焊groove welding手工电弧焊manual arc welding氩弧焊argon arc welding下向焊downward welding technique电焊条electrode无损检测non-destructive inspection裂纹crack焊接电流welding current焊道pass点焊spot welding定位点焊tack welding焊接缺陷weld defect焊逢金属weld metal电焊钳electrode holder电焊导线welding lead焊工手套welding glove接地夹earthing clamp钢丝刷wire brush面罩welder’s helmet黑玻璃welding glass对焊butt welding仰焊overhead position welding气体保护焊gas shielded arc welding埋弧焊union-melt welding电焊机welding machine咬边undercut超声波探伤ultrasonic flaw detection & instrumental 测量survey施工便道access road三、电气，仪表工程Electrical Engineering变电所power substation整流器rectifier继电器relay万用表avometer变压器transformer偏压bias阳极anode线圈coil检波器detector三极管triode晶体管transistor反馈feedback增益gain电感inductance并联parallel相位phase扫描scan信号signal接线柱terminal仪表用风instrument air仪表回路instrument loop流量开关flow switch校表calibration供风管线air supply piping配电盘control panel; switch board 电流计galvanometer box配电箱distribution box电枢armature阴极cathode放大器amplifier电容器condenser二极管diode失真distortion调频frequency modulation阻抗impedance绝缘子insulator串联series射频radio frequency短路short circuit三相开关tee示波器oscilloscope仪表电源instrument power仪表布置instrument layout配管及仪表（流程）P & I (piping & instrument) 空气短路器air circuit breaker面积流量计area flow meter四、机械工程Mechanical Engineering机床machine tool车床lathe镗床milling machine磨床grinding machine刨床planer钻床drilling machine内燃机internal combustion engine 皮带轮pulley皮带belt三角皮带v-belt滚珠轴承ball bearing齿轮gear曲轴crank shaft活塞piston套筒sleeve凸轮cam公差tolerance大修overhaul五、土建工程Civil Engineering 图纸drawings平面图plan立面图elevation plan大样detail夯实ramming建筑面积building area马赛克mosaic踢脚skirting board缸砖quarry tile脚手架scaffolding梁beam过梁lintel檩条purling屋顶roof楼梯平台landing油毛毡asphalt sheet沥青asphalt防潮层damp course基础foundation构件member桩pile女儿墙parapet wall瓷砖ceramic tile水磨石terrazzo柱column砖石工程masonry截面cross section预应力混凝土prestressed concrete 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete 预制混凝土precast concrete现浇混凝土cast concrete测量survey跨度span砂浆mortar水泥砂浆cement mortar灰缝mortar joint油漆paint挡土墙retaining wall外圈梁outside stringer便道makeshift road塔式起重机tower crane混凝土搅拌机concrete mixer混凝土震捣器concrete vibrator六、人员，工种Personnel , Category总经理general manager项目经理project manager现场经理site manager总工程师chief engineer主任工程师principal engineer领队superintendent土建工程师civil engineer电气工程师electrical engineer机械工程师mechanical engineer焊接工程师welding engineer仪表工程师instrument engineer会计师accountant翻译（口译）interpreter翻译（笔译）translator助理工程师junior engineer监工supervisor工（头）长foreman管工pipe fitter电焊工welder起重工rigger砂轮工grinder普通电工electrician仪表电工instrument electrician 绝缘工insulator机修工mechanic仪表工instrument fitter钳工fitter木工carpenter钢筋工bar bender车工turner铆工riveter铣工miller刨工planner泥瓦工mason吊车司机crane driver橱师cook七、施工设备Construction Equipment 履带式推土机crawler bulldozer履带式挖掘机crawler excavator履带式装载机crawler loader轮式装载机wheel loader拖式铲运机towed scraper履带式吊车crawler crane叉车fort lift拖拉机tractor钻孔机piercing machine坡口机beveling machine发电机组generator unit绞车winch自卸车dump truck油罐车tank car打桩机pile hammer顶管机pipe pusher运管拖车pipe hauling trailer平地机grader面包车minibus皮卡（小货）车pickup (truck)工具车window van大客车coach八、常用工具，零配件等Tools, Spare Parts, etc. 锤子hammer扳手spanner手钳pliers改刀screw driver钢锯hacksaw老虎钳vice气泡水平尺spirit level扁铲flat chisel手动板牙hand die冲头center punch十字改刀cross point screw driver手虎钳hand vice卡尺caliper丝攻screw tap角尺try square砂轮机grinder电烙铁soldering iron砂轮grinding wheel砂纸sand paper千分尺micrometer游标卡尺vernier锉刀file铲shovel螺栓bolt螺母nut角钢angle工字钢I-beam槽钢U-steel护目镜goggles安全帽safety helmet氧气瓶oxygen cylinder木材timber水泥cement汽油gasoline柴油diesel九、其他Miscellaneous夜班night (dog) shift加班overtime work考勤表work attendance活动房caravan空调器air conditioner救护车anbulance设备材料名称equipment and material钢管steel pipes聚乙烯三层结构3-layer compound polyethylene气液联动阀pneumatic-hydraulic combined valve电动阀门motor-operated valve手动球阀manual operated spherical valve安全阀safety valve针性阀needle valve闸阀gate valve电动调节阀motor-operated regulating valve安全切断阀safety isolating valve温度测量仪表instrument for temperature measurement 温度变送器temperature transducer压力测量仪表instrument for pressure measurement压力表manometer智能型压力变送器intelligent pressure transducer差压变送器pressure difference transducer流量测量仪表flow metering instrument气体超声流量计gas ultrasonic flow meter流量计算机flow computer分析仪表instrument for analysis气相色谱分析仪gas chromatograph analyzed自动采样系统automatic sampling system调压计量箱metering box for pressure regulation可燃气体报警器flammable gas annunciator可燃气体探测器flammable gas detector便携式可燃气体探测器portable flammable gas detector清管指示器pigging indicator火灾探测器fire detector火灾报警器fire annunciator效验仪表checking instrumentSCADA系统SCADA system服务器server操作员工作站operator workstation泄漏检测工作站leak detection workstation工程师工作站engineer workstation经理终端manager terminal便携式计算机portable computer站控系统网络设备net equipment of station control system调度控制中心网络设备net equipment of dispatch and control center激光打印机laser printer彩色激光打印机color laser printer点阵打印机dot-matrix printer打印终端printing terminal投影机projector机柜cabinetPLC柜PLC cabinet操作台penalRTU机柜RTU cabinet软件softwareSCADA系统软件SCADA system software服务器操作系统软件software for server operation systemMMI操作系统软件MMI operation system software泄漏检测软件leak detection software网络管理软件net management software人机界面组态软件software for man-machine interface configurationPLC编程软件PLC programming softwareRTU软件RTU software系统组态及调试system configuration and debuggingSCADA系统组态及调试SCADA system configuration and debugging人机界面应用软件组态及调试configuration and debugging of man-machine interfaceapplication softwarePLC应用软件编制及调试PLC application software programming and debuggingRTU应用软件编制及调试RTU application software programming and debugging变压器transformer燃气发电机组gas-fired generating set小型燃气发电机组small gas-fired generating set低压开关柜low-voltage switchgear电涌保护器surge protector架空线路aerial line10KV高压电缆线路10KV high-voltage cable line低压电力电缆low-voltage power cable控制电缆control cable接地装置grounding unit工业电视部分industrial TV part全天侯防爆摄象机video camera with weatherproof explosion protection防爆预置位平台explosion protection pre-location platform全天侯解码器weatherproof decoder压力球型摄象机pressure spherical camera视频编解码器（2M端门）video frequency programming and decoder (2M ports)视频控制矩阵（含32路输入，8路输出）video frequency control matrix (including 32-way inputand 80 way output)16路数字移动报警器16-way digital mobile annunciator彩色双工16画面分割器（带硬盘录象）color dual 16-image picture divider21英寸监视器（450线）21in monitor (450 ways)多CPU选择器multi-CPU selector多接口单元multi-port unit电源配电箱distribution box of power supply控制台control panel电视墙TV wall安装材料（线缆接头及主材附件）installation material (cable joints and other main fittings)光通信部分optical communication part光缆optical cable终端站155M设备155M equipment in terminal station分路站155M设备155M equipment in dispatching station终端站622M设备622M equipment in terminal station分路站622M设备622M equipment in dispatching station多业务光传输设备MSTP综合业务接入设备（各站）comprehensive input equipment (each station)安装材料installation material工具tools电源设备power supply equipment100调度交换机100 dispatching exchangers锅炉boiler天然气换热器gas heat exchanger清管设备（包括快开盲板等）pigging equipment (including quick-open blind plate)清管发送装置pigging launcher清管接收装置pigging receiver清管三通pigging straight tee清管球spherical pigs工艺设备process part分离过滤器separating filter汇气管header绝缘接头insulating joint输气站用管件fittings for gas station仪表阀instrument valve站内防腐材料coating materials used in station序号item No.项目名称description of items单位unit数量amount单价unit price合价total price石油勘探PETROLEUM EXPLORATION 石油聚集petroleum accumulation 断层露头fault outcrop地层倾角angle of bedding重力异常gravity anomaly台背斜；陆背斜auteclise背斜anticline区域背斜regional anticline砂屑岩arenyte泥质岩argillite长石砂岩arkose断层盆地fault basin湖盆lake basin海盆sea basin沉积盆地sedimentary basin生物碎屑岩bioclastic天然沥青natural bitumen石灰岩limestone等厚图isopach map地质图geological map气田gas field油田oil field地层超复stratigraphic overlap地蜡earth wax岩石的导电性conductivity of rocks长石砾岩arkose conglomerate地层对比stratigraphic correlation 地质剖面geological section陆坡沉积aktian deposit陆相沉积continental deposit近海沉积offshore deposit岩性油藏lithologic deposit海相沉积marine deposit深海沉积pelagic deposit层壮油藏stratified deposit地震检波器seismic detector不整合unconformity区域不整合regional unconformity 地层划分stratigraphic division 白云岩；白云石dolomite背斜穹窿anticlinal dome地质资料geological data地层厚度thickness of bed储量估计estimation of reserves 普查reconnaissance survey 地质调查geological survey陆相continental facies三角洲相delta facies海相marine facies断层fault构造圈闭；构造闭合度closure of structure围岩；相邻地层adjacent formation礁灰岩reef limestone含油层oil-bearing formation 钻井勘探prospect drilling新区预探钻井new field wildcatting 化石fossil含气gas bearing区域向斜；地向斜regional syncline油层oil reservoir构造油藏structural oil pool断层阶地fault bench重力仪gravimeter砂岩sandstone标准层structure indicator油苗oil seepage气苗gas seepage等厚线isopach磁力仪magnetometer断块fault block地震勘探法seismic method石油运移petroleum migration 毫伽milligal地壳运动earth movement反射波refection wave折射波refraction wave地震波seismic wave有机岩organolite石油生成petroleum origin圈闭trap向斜圈闭synclinal trap地层褶皱stratigraphic fold石油显示标志evidence of oil occurence 地球物理勘探geophysical prospecting磁力勘探magnetic prospecting电阻率法勘探resistivity prospecting放射性勘探radioactivity prospecting 气井gas well油井oil well油页岩pyroshale石油储量petroleum reserves可能储量possible reserves远景石油储量prospective oil reserves探明储量proved reserves可采储量recoverable reserves不渗透层impermeable bed岩石基体；生油岩层rock matrix ; source rock 变质岩metamorphic rock可渗透岩层permeable rock火成岩pyrogenetic rock再生岩regenerated rock储集层岩石reservoir rock砂质岩arenaceous rock沉积岩sedimentary rock油砂oil sand构造剖面structure section沉积sedimentation沉积层序sequence of sedimentation 地震仪seismograph磁带地震仪magnetic tape seismograph 储油构造reservoir structure地质变迁geological change褶皱带belt of folded strata石油钻井petroleum drilling扣上；扣好吊卡latch-on井架工derrickman岩心分析core analysis水龙头提环swivel bail钻井设备；钻机drilling rig双根double shaft单根single shaft粘土clay压井killing a well泥浆池slush pit ; mud pit清洗井底bottom hole scavenging重晶石barite膨润土bentonite钻头bit打印模impression block防喷器blowout preventer (BOP) 水基泥浆water-base mud油基泥浆oil-base mud低固相泥浆low-solids mud在用泥浆active mud钻井泥浆drilling mud盐水泥浆brine mud乳化泥浆emulsion mud油侵泥浆oil-cut mud气侵泥浆gas-cut mud钻头泥包bit balling起下各类钻井柱或管stringing沙桥阻卡bridge-up死绳dead line猫头cat head猫头绳cat line导绳guideline游动钢丝绳rotary line钻井速度drilling rate空气包air chamber取岩心；取心钻进coring ; core drilling井壁取心side-wall coring岩心core方钻杆补心Kelly bushings K.B传动链条罩drive chain guard转盘链条罩rotary drive guard套管casing套管扶正器centralizer保险链safety chain缓冲室surge chamber钻井领班；钻井技师toolpusher胶质水泥bentonite cement多级注水泥many-staged cementing挤水泥squeeze job泥浆管线mud circuit , mud manifold 立管stand pipe打捞筒overshot射孔系数perforation coefficient鹅颈管goose neck总管；井口连接器manifold , wellhead connector 油层套管；采油套管oil string ; long string割缝衬管slotted liner完成completion多层完井multiple completion衬管完成liner completion永久完井permanent completion上水（吸水）管线suction line大钩rotary hook套管柱casing string钻井岩屑drilling cuttings井架斜拉筋derrick brace开钻spudding in拆卸钻机rigging down旁通管by-bass井架derrick松扣breakout测井logging声波测井acoustic logging感应测井induction logging密度测井density logging井径测井caliper logging水泥胶结测井图bond logging测井图；测井曲线borehole logging电测井electrical logging中子测井neutron logging放射性测井radioactivity logging核子测井nuclear logging吊卡elevators泥封to mud off井架横拉筋girt钻井队drilling crew井距spacing of wells钻杆测试drill stem test定向井造斜building angle电法勘探；电测井electrical survey开采exploitation提取extraction人字架gin pole钻井drilling初探井wild cat电钻钻井electrical drilling冲击钻井percussion drilling旋转钻井rotary drilling转盘补心master bushing水力刹车hydraulic brake钻杆柱drill string泥浆槽mud return ditch入扣to stab胶粘土gumbo标准层；对比层reference horizon井斜borehole inclination井队长drilling super-intendent 注水泥浆cement injection密度测井仪densilog instrument井喷blowout无控制的井喷blow wild刃；钻头刮刀blade供水管线water supply line高压井口注泥浆管fill-up line泥浆返出管mud returned line套管柱liner井位选定location of wells防喷器密封件ram全封式防喷器的闸板blind rams泥浆搅拌漏斗mud mixing hopper水龙带rotary hose钻铤drill collar泥浆枪mud gun声速测井图acousitic velocity log下钻测井深measure in起钻测井深measure out密度-中子测井法density-neutron method 安装钻机rigging up井架大腿derrick leg微晶高岭土；蒙脱石montmorillonite钻井动力机drilling engine天车crown block游动滑车traveling block紧急密封装置emergency seal assembly 喷射式钻头jetbit牙轮钻头roller bit金刚石钻头diamond bit钻具drilling tools封隔器packer井场管架pipe rack“狗腿”（弯拐井段）dogleg钻入；打开生产层drilling in射孔；穿孔perforation指重表weight indicator钻台derrick floor二层台runaround动力机台engine platform钻压bit weight落鱼；井中落物fish泥浆泵mud pump水灰比water-cement ratio钻压（水力给进加压）bit thrust柱状剖面columnar section进尺drilling footage总井深total depth最优化钻井程序optimized drilling program 钻井日进尺daily drilling progress井well废井abandoned well邻井；毗邻井adjoining well初探浅井trial pit探井exploratory well扩边井；扩展井；甩开井stepout well生产井；出油井producing well偏斜井；定向井deviating well定向井directional well非生产井duster干井dry well钻杆接头tool joint四通cross tee连管节；活接头；由壬union井架的坡板ramp substructure套管修补casing patch钻井日志driller’s log钻速记录rate-of- penetration log钻井日报表daily drilling report泥浆回收mud recirculation钻头给进bit feed井温测量well temperature survey灌泥浆filling the hole循环液的漏失lose returns管端顿粗upset大捞fishing套管鞋casing shoe导管鞋guide shoe坍塌slough屈服值yield value侧钻side tracking造斜器whipstock井架大腿底板base plate司钻driller井架底座derrick substructure卡瓦打捞筒bowl slip-socket稳定器stabilizer套管支撑系统casing support system井架天台车water table转盘rotary table震动式泥浆筛shale shaker氢氟酸仪测斜acid-dip survey地层测验器formation tester水龙头swivel井口wellhead套管头casing head方钻杆kelly钻杆drill rod井漏leakage泥浆处理treatment of mud钻头bit , drilling bit刮刀钻头drag type bit取心钻头core bit绞车draw work小鼠洞mouse hole鼠洞rathole套管casing技术套管protection casing表层套管surface casing岩心筒core barrel导管conductor pipe涡轮钻井turbodrilling阀valve井口控制阀门cellar control gate生产总闸门master gate视粘度apparent viscosity塑性粘度plastic viscosity射孔层段perforated zone油气开采oil and gas production 支撑剂proppant ; propping agent 乳化剂emulsifying agent稠化剂；增稠剂thickening agent压裂液break down agent ;fracturing fluid表面活性剂surface active agent颗粒分析；粒径分析grain size analysis井口采油装置；采油树Christmas tree油层清扫（系数）reservoir sweep桶/天barrels per day (bpd)地沥青asphaltic bitumen暂时性堵塞temporary plug高含硫量的原油high sulfur crude含硫原油sour crude环烷基原油naphtenic crude含蜡原油waxy crude储量计算calculation of reserves泵输生产率；泵排量pumping capacity开采速度；产率；产量producing rate最终产量ultimate capacity油田oil field气田gas field水驱油田water-controlled field火烧油层；原地燃烧combustion in-situ压气机gas compressor压缩性；压缩系数compressibility岩层压缩性formation compressibility凝析气gas condensate见水井排breakthrough pattern碳酸盐含量carbonate content石油收缩oil shrinkage薄油层oil sheet压力恢复曲线pressure build-up curve压降曲线；产量下降曲线draw-down curve泵冲程pumping stroke刮蜡片；刮蜡器paraffin knife临界凝析压力cricondenbar麻花钻头auger bit达西darcy吸水能力；吸水速度water-intake rate油井日产量daily flow流速计；流量表flow meter浸酸；pickling驱动drive火烧驱油；火驱combustion drive富化气驱动enriched gas drive混相驱油miscible displacement of reservoir oil ; miscible drive 热力驱油thermal drive抽油井架pumping derrick相图；相态图phase diagram压力差pressure differential气水混合驱动combination gas and water drive内能消耗方式驱动depletion drive重力泄油gravity drainage气顶驱动gas-cap drive溶解气驱solution gas drive水驱water drive边水驱动edge water drive重力驱动segregation drive油咀；喷油咀bean共生水；伴生水associated water束缚水；间隙水；化合水combined water（油层下部的）底水basal water边水edge water底水，油罐的底水bottom water地层水formation water束缚水irreducible water束缚水；结合水bound water矿化水mineralized water原生水；初生水primary water井底样品bottom hole sample取样sampling回声仪echo sounder（水）驱油效率flushing efficiency乳化液；乳状液emulsion底漆；第一层漆priming coat相平衡phase equilibrium修井设备workover equipment示踪测井tracer survey清蜡；除蜡paraffin removal关井shut in ( a well )封水；堵水shutoff洗井液；替置液flush fluid粘弹性流体viscoelastic fluid多孔隙地层porous formation溶解气gas in solution湿气；富气wet gas游离气free gas残余气residual gas滞留气retained gas井网；布井方案pattern of wells生产层，产油层producing horizon ; oil-yielding stratum残油；渣油residual oil滞留油retained oil芬香烃aromatic hydrocarbon环烷烃cycloparaffinic hydrocarbon石蜡族烃；烷属烃paraffinic hydrocarbon边水侵入edge water incursion原油采收率producible oil index采油指数productivity factor (index)混相段塞驱动solution flood醇类驱油（法）alcohol flooding注水water injection ; water flooding注气gas injection生产井段；采油层段producing interval地层岩性formation lithology修井机；井下作业机service machine压力计pressure gauge水力压裂法penetrating fluid method强化增产法stimulation method润湿性wettability优先润湿preferential wettability浸酸作业pickling operation油层动态performance of the reservoir渗透性；渗透率permeability有效渗透率effective permeability相对渗透率relative permeability沥青基石油asphalt base petroleum深井泵的气锚gas anchor临界点critical point泡点bubble point冷凝点；露点condensation point露点dew point沉没泵；深井泵drowned pump ; bottom pump孔隙率porosity油井生产潜力well’s potential采收率percentage recovery ; output factor 油层枯竭压力abandonment pressure井底压力bottom hole pressure井底压裂压力bottom-hole fracturing pressure出油管压力flow line pressure饱和压力saturation pressure关井时套管头压力；关井井口压力well head pressure油层压力reservoir pressure关井压力closed-in pressure初始压力original pressure井底关井压力bhpsi (bottom-hole pressure shut-in) 泡沫驱油法foam-drive process酒精段塞驱油法alcohol-slug method采气；采气量gas production日产量；日输送量daily output机械采油mechanical production气举采油gas-lift production潜产量；最大产量potential production最终开采量ultimate production注水剖面；吸水剖面water injection profile油管下放深度tubing depth假塑性；拟塑性pseudo-plastic间歇自喷井surging well出砂油井sand well抽油井pumping well自喷油井gusher自喷井；自流井blow well水侵井；水淹井drowned well油管接箍tubing coupling流（动）度比mobility ratio油气比gas-oil ratio泄油半径drainage radius恢复油藏压力repressuring of oil-pool pressure凝析油开采condensate recovery注水采油；注水采油量water flood recovery初次开采；一次开采primary recovery热力采油thermal recovery总开采量；最终开采量ultimate recovery天然气回注gas recycling驱油成带banking修理；油井大修workover修井；油井修理well repair储集层；油层reservoir衰竭的油（气）层depleted reservoir流动阻力flow resistance原始储量primary reserves油井大修top overhaul储油砂岩reservoir sandstone储油（或气）岩石reservoir rock支撑砂propping sand脱气gas-free含水饱和率water saturation含油饱和率oil saturation油水分离器oil-water separator注入井intake well自喷blowing油井爆炸squibbing强化stimulation油井增产措施stimulation of well核爆炸增产nuclear stimulation低产井；枯竭井stripper well井底温度bottom hole temperature压力恢复时间build-up time油层温度reservoir temperature含蜡量wax content含砂量sand content含硫量sulphur content界面张力interfacial tension系统试井well performance testing套管头casing head油管头tubing head抽油杆pumping rod深井泵的光杆polish rod修井钻机service rig起油管（或抽油杆的）装置pulling unit抽油杆柱string of rods压裂处理fracture treatment酸化压裂处理acid fracturing treatment酸化；酸处理acid treatment游梁式抽油机beam-pumping unit抽油机oil pumping unit生产阀门production valve套管阀门casing valve扫油面积sweep area井的泄油面积drainage area of well过渡带belt of transition生产层厚度；生产层段pay section油气储存和运输storage and transportation of oil and gas 储罐storage tank油桶oil drum油罐汽车tank truck滴油器oil feeder管道输送能力pipeline transmission capacity堵塞plugging细菌腐蚀bacterial corrosion阴极腐蚀cathodic corrosion脱乳demulsification维护maintenance干线加热炉trunk line heating furnace油罐灌满报警器telltale油罐区tank farm防腐油漆anticorrosive paint输油管道pipe line管道铺设pipe laying阴极防蚀cathodic protection管道吹洗；管道清扫pipeline purging净化purification防腐涂料anticorrosive coating脱气gas separation储气罐gas tank输油站transfer station泵站pumping station加压站booster station集油站；选油站gathering station原油库crude storage集输气storage and transportation of gas 集输油storage and transportation of oil 石油泵送系统oil pumping system自流输送系统gravity system防腐处理anticorrosive treatment污水处理sewage treatment管线通讯pipeline communication铁路油槽车tank wagon近海油田offshore field系泊系统；系泊用具moorings单点系泊single point mooring锚定anchor动力定位dynamic positioning禁止抛锚（区）anchorage prohibited供应船tender (vessel)潜水装置diving gear自动推进self-propelling自升式平底船self-elevating barge油驳船tank barge锚泊泊位；系泊浮筒处anchoring berth浮筒buoy单点系泊浮筒monobuoy出油管支撑浮筒flowline support buoy双体平底船catamaran , twin hull边际油田marginal field潜水钟diving bell油轮油舱tanker oil compartment升沉补偿器heave compensator运动补偿器motion compensator钻柱补偿器drillstring compensator出油管flow line人造卫星定位satellite fix可移动的装置mobile device抓斗式挖泥船clamshell dredger ; grapple dredger系泊设备mooring equipment潜水装备diving outfit系泊试验mooring trial活动连接轭articulated yoke挖掘机；挖沟机；抓斗式挖土机clamshell shovel近海勘探offshore exploration油轮队tanker fleet驳船钻井；浮船钻井barge drilling水下操作室underwater habitat导管架jacket伸缩接头telescopic joint ; slip joint挠性接头uniflex joint海底井口外壳subsea wellhead housing埋管机pipeline burying machine隔水导管紧轴riser mandrel浮箱装置buoyant modules大船井moonpool钻井船drilling ship储油生产船storage production vessel近海钻井作业offshore drilling operations五角平台pentagon油轮；油船oil ship ; tanker远洋油轮seagoing tanker穿梭运输油轮shuttle tanker海底管道；过海管道seagoing pipe line ; submerged pipeline 近海海底管线offshore pipeline大陆架continental shelf系泊平台mooring platform绳系浮动平台tethered buoyant platform自升式平台self-elevating platform ; jack-up platform 自足式平台self-contained platform悬臂式平台cantilever platform近海钻井设备；近海钻井平台offshore rig ; offshore drilling platform 采油平台production platform浮式采油平台floating production platform近海工作平台offshore work platform固定式海上平台fixed offshore platform浮式平台floating platform重力平台gravity platform坐底式平台bottom-supported platform半潜式钻井平台semi-submersible platform稳定平台stabilized platform潜水平台；坐底式水上平台submersible platform油驳；油船oil hulk ; oil barge动力定位dynamic positioning ; power locating边际生产marginal production滨外井；近海井offshore well水下油井subsea well“卫星式”水下井组satellite underwater well隔水导管连接器riser connector装油栈桥；灌油桥台oil loading rack撇油器oil skimmer干检修dry repair湿检修wet repair浮箱buoyancy tank水下油罐；地下油罐submerged tank隔水管riser浮筒系统SPAR abrev. Submersible pipe alignment rig 半浮筒系统semi-spar系索箍handling spider系泊系统；锚泊系统mooring system浮式钻井系统floating drilling system早期生产系统early production system浮式采油系统floating production system井口回接系统wellhead re-entry system海底遥控操作；遥控水下操作subsea telemanipulation隔水导管张紧器riser tensioner油轮装油码头tanker loading terminal储油生产转运站storage production terminal海洋转运油库ocean terminal浮船式钻井和作业两用钻机barge job系泊用绞车；锚索绞车mooring winch近海钻井装置offshore drilling unit钻井驳船；船载装置barge unit石油炼制petroleum refining丙酮acetone乙炔acetylene丙烯acrylonitrile醇；乙醇alcohol醛；乙醛aldehyde沥青pitch隔油池oil separation tank贮油罐storage tank苯benzene丁二烯butadiene丁烷butane丁烯butylene催化catalysis蜡wax石油焦petroleum coke催化装置coking unit填充塔packed column气提塔stripping tower蒸发塔evaporating column接触塔contact tower分馏塔fractionating column精馏塔rectifying tower冷凝塔condenser石油馏分petroleum cuts裂化cracking热裂化thermal cracking脱蜡dewaxing脱沥青de-asphalting脱水dehydration脱氢dehydrogenation脱硫desulfurization脱硫塔desulfurizer原油拔头蒸馏topping真空分馏vacuum distillation热交换器exchanger乳化emulsification炼油设备refining equipment汽油petrol ; gasoline抗爆汽油anti-knock gasoline乙烷ethane石油醚petroleum ether乙胺ethylamine乙烯ethylene乙二醇ethylene glycol提取extraction芳香烃抽提aromatic hydrocarbon extraction 甲醛formaldehyde蒸馏釜still。
Pipeline 和Piping 区别管道和仪表流程图Pipeline and Instrument Diagram (P&ID)管道布置图piping layout管道平面布置图piping plot-plan石油工程英语中pipeline有管线、管道的意思，piping也有管道、管系的意思，pipeline与piping在上面的举例中似乎是习惯用词，那么是否可以互换呢？国外设计公司专业分得很细，pipeline和piping是两个专业，可以认为是管道专业和配管专业，这是分工合作不可互换的。
pipeline 多指石油天然气的（长距离）运输管道，piping 指管道系统，多见piping system, plant多指成套设备或整个设施（比如核电站nuclear power plant, coal fire power plant 火电站），equipment是单一设备的意思，与plant相比范围比较小，体积比较小。
锅炉及压力容器规范对tube, pipe, tubing和piping 这四个名词（术语）的含义是很严密的，适用于不同的场合。
1、tube 是圆形的，或具有连续周边的任何其他截面形状的空心制品。
圆形tube 的尺寸可以用外径、内径、壁厚三者中的任意两个来指定。
2、pipe 是符合ASNI B36.10和B36.19（用于不锈钢）所列公称尺寸的圆形截面的tube , 它的直径用NPS号表示，NPS号与实际外径是不一致的，如NPS8 其外径是8.625 英寸。
管子壁厚用schedule No. 表示，同一NPS号可以有各种Sch. No.。
Sch. No. 有标准壁厚（STD）、加厚壁厚（XS）和特厚壁厚（XXS）之分等等。
因此，tube 和pipe 的基本差别是制造所依据的尺寸标准。
其次pipe 只有圆管，tube 可以有各种截面形状，pipe 只是tube 中的一个特例。
第三，无论tube 还是pipe 都是指材料生产厂生产出的原材料。
管道专业英文缩略语对照P 管子Pipe EL 弯头Elbow ELL 长半径弯头Long radius elbow ELS 短半径弯头Short radius elbow MEL 斜接弯头（虾米腰弯头）Mitre elbow REL 异径弯头Reducing elbow T 三通Tee LT 斜三通Lateral tee RT 异径三通Reducing tee R 异径管接头（大小头）Reducer CR 同心异径管接头（同心大小头）Concentric reducer ER 偏心异径管接头（偏心大小头）Eccentric reducer CPL 管箍Coupling FCPL 双头管箍Full coupling HCPL 单头管箍Half coupling RCPL 异径管箍Reducing coupling BU 内外螺纹接头Bushing UN 活接头Union HC 软管接头Hose coupler SE 翻边短节Stub end NIP 短节Pipe nipple or straight nipple SNIP 异径短节Swaged nipple CP 管帽（封头）Cap PL 管堵（丝堵）Plug BLK 盲板Blank SB 8 字盲板Spectacle blind （blank）RP 补强板Reinforcing pad 法兰缩写中文名称英文名称PLG 法兰Flange WNF 对焊法兰Welding neck flange SOF 平焊法兰Slip-on flange SWF 承插焊法兰Socket-welding flange T 螺纹法兰Threaded flange LJ 松套法兰Lapped joint flange REDF 异径法兰Reducing flange BF 法兰盖（日法兰）Blind flange FSF 法兰密封面Flange scaling face FF 全平面Flat face RF 凸台面Raised face MFF 凹凸面Male ａnd female face LF 凹面Female face LM 凸面Male face RJ 环连接面Ring joint faceTG 榫槽面Tongue ａnd groove face TF 榫面Tongue face GF 槽面Groove face 垫片缩写中文名称英文名称G 垫片Gasket NMG 非金属垫片Non-metallic gasket AG 石棉垫片Asbestos gasket RG 橡胶垫片Rubber gasket TEG 聚四氟乙烯包复垫片PTFE envelope gasket SMG 半金属垫片Semimetallic gasket MJG 金属包垫片Meta-jacket gasket SWG 缠绕式垫片Spiral wound gasket MG 金属垫片Metallic gasket FMG 金属平垫片Flat metallic gasket SMSG 齿形金属垫片Solid metal serrated gasket LER 透镜式金属环垫Lens ring gasket OCR 八角形金属环垫Octagonal ring gasket OVR 椭圆形金属环垫Oval ring gakset IR/OR 内外定位环Inner ring ａnd outer ring IR 内定位环Inner ring OR 外定位环Outer ring 坚固件缩写中文名称英文名称B 螺栓Bolt SB 螺柱Stud bolt NU 螺母Nut TB 花蓝螺母Turnbuckle WSR 垫圈Washer SWSR 弹簧垫圈Spring washer 阀门缩写中文名称英文名称GV 闸阀Gate valve GLV 截止阀Globe valve CHV 止回阀Check valve BUV 蝶阀Butterfly valve BAV 球阀Ball valve PV 旋塞阀Plug valve （cock）CV 调节阀Control valve SV 安全阀Safety valve RV 减压阀Pressure reducing valve ST 蒸汽疏水阀Steam trap PRV 泄压阀Pressur relief valve BV 呼吸阀Breather valve NV 针形阀Needle valve AV 角阀DV 隔膜阀TWV 三通阀SGV 插板阀管道上用的小型设备缩写中文名称英文名称SPR 气液分离器Separator FA 阻火器Flame arrester SR 过滤器Strainer SRY Y 型过滤器Y-type strainer SRT T 型过滤器T-type strainer SRB 桶式过滤器Bucket type strainer TSR 临时过滤器Temporary strainer SIL 消声器Silencer SG 视镜Slight glass SC 取样冷却器Sample cooler DF 排液漏斗Drain funnel LM 管道混合器Line mixer RO 限流孔板Restriction orifice MO 混合孔板Mixing orifice RD 爆破片（爆破膜）Rupture disk EJ 补偿器Expansion joint 隔热、伴热中文名称英文名称INS 隔热Thermal insulation H 保温Hot insulation C 保冷Cold insulation P 防烫伤隔热Personnel protection insulation T&I 伴热Tracing ａnd insulation 管道伴热（冷）Tracing EST 蒸汽外伴热External steam tracing IST 蒸汽内伴热Internal steam tracing SJT 蒸汽夹套伴热Steam-jacket tracing ET 电伴热Electric tracing 配管材料和等级缩写中文名称英文名称M 金属材料Metallic material CS 碳钢Carbon steel CAS 铸钢Cast steel FS 锻钢Forged steel AS 合金钢Alloy steel SS 不锈钢Stainless steel AUST SS 奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic stainless-steel CI 铸铁Cast iron MI 可锻铸铁Malleable iron DI 球墨铸铁Ductile iron AL 铝Aluminum BRS 黄铜Brass BRZ 青铜Bronze CU 紫铜Copper LAS 低合金钢Low alloy steel FLAS 低合金锻钢Forged low alloy steel CLAS 低合金铸钢Cast low alloy steel THK 壁厚Thickness SCH 表号Schedule number STD 标准Standard XS 加强Extra strong XXS 特强Double extra strong 装置布置缩写中文名称英文名称CN 建北Construction north E 东East W 西West S 南South N 北North H 水平Horizontal V 竖直、铅直、直立Vertical GRD 地坪Ground UG 地下Underground BL 装置边界线Battery limit line ESEW 事故沐浴洗眼器Emergency shower ａnd eye washer HS 软管站Hose station ML 接续分界线Match line PS 管道支架（管架）Piping support PR 管桥Pipe rack STRU 构架（构筑物）Structure BLDG 建筑物Building PD 清扫设施Purge device PT 池Pit SHLT 棚Shelter COFF 围堰Cofferdam FL 楼板Floor PF 平台Plateform 尺寸标注缩写中文名称英文名称EL 标高Elevation BOP 管底Bottom of pipe COP 管中心Center of pipe TOP 管顶Top of pipe FOB 底平Flat on bottom FOT 顶平Flat on top CL（屯）中心线Center line TL 切线Tangent line SYM 对称的Symmetrical BOS 支架底Bottom of support TOS 支架顶Top of support CL 净距（净空）Clearance CTC 中心至中心Center to center CTF 中心至面Center to face CTE 中心至端部Center to end ETE 端到端End to end FEF 法兰端面Flange ａnd face FTF 面到面Face to face D 直径Diameter DN 公称直径Nominal diameter ID 内径Inside diameter OD 外径Outside diameter DIM 尺寸Dimension MAX 最大Maximum MIN 最小Minimum AVG 平均Average APP 约、近似Approximate PT.EL 点标高Point elevation 图表缩写中文名称英文名称PFD 工艺流程图Process flow diagram PID 管道和仪表流程图Piping & instrument diagram COD 接续图Continued on drawing DTL 详图Datail SPDWG （ISODWG）管段图Spool drawing （each line isometric drawing）DWGNO 图号Drawing number DWGI 所在图号Drawing identification LOW 材料表List of material MTO 汇料Material take-off APPX 附录Appendix JOB. No. 工号Job Number BEDD 基础工程设计数据Basic engineering design data DEDD 详细工程设计数据Detail engineering design data REV. No. 修改号Recision number REF DWG 参考图Reference drawing SC 采样接口Sample connection 操作方式及工作参数缩写中文名称英文名称AUT 自动Automatic ML 手动Manual control CHOP 链条操作Chain operated CSC 铅封关Car seal close CSO 铅封开Car seal open LC 锁闭Lock closed LO 锁开Lock open NC 正常关Normally close NO 正常开Normally open ATM 大气压Atmosphere PN 公称压力Nominal pressure A 绝压G 表压（T）温度Temperature （P）压力Pressure 施工缩写中文名称英文名称W 焊接Welding AW 电弧焊Arc welding GSAW 气体保护电弧焊Gas shielded-acr welding EFW 电熔焊Elecric fusion welding ERW 电阻焊Electric Resistance welding GW 气焊Gas welding LW 搭接焊Lap welding BW 对焊Butt welding TW 定位焊Tack welding SW 承插焊Socket welding CW 连续焊Continuous welding SEW 密封焊Seal welding SFG 堆焊Surfacing FW 现场焊接Field welding HT 热处理Heat treatment PH 预热Preheating SR 应力消除Stress relief PWHT 焊后热处理Post weld heat treatment EIT 检查、探伤和实验Examination, inspection & testing VE 外观检查Visual examination UI （UT）超声探伤Ultrasonic inspection （test）RI （RT）射线探伤Radiographic inspection （test）MPI （MT）磁粉探伤Magnetic particle inspection （test）LPI （PT）液体渗透检验Liquid penterant inspection （test）HADT 硬度实验Hardness testing HYDT 水压实验Hydraulic testing PNET 气压实验Pneumatic testing 焊条Covered electrode WW 焊丝Welding wire ASSY 装配、组合Assembly F 现场Field F/F 现场制造Field faricated SF 现场决定Suit in field CSP 冷紧Cold spring BCT 螺栓冷紧Bolt cold tightening BHY 螺栓热紧Bolt hot tightening CO 清洗口Clean out ANNY 退火Annealed PE 平端面Plain end BE 坡口端Belelled end THR 螺纹Thread HB 布氏硬度Brinnel hardness RC 洛氏硬度其他缩写中文名称英文名称FDN 基础Foundation INF 信息（资料）Information REF 参考Reference REV 修改Revision SEQ 序号（顺序）Sequence W/E 设备带来With equipment W/I 仪表带来With instrument CM 色标Colour mark CA 腐蚀裕度Corrosion allowance UTL 公用系统Utility UC 公用工程接头Utility connection QTY 数量Quantity WT 重量Weight MHR 工时Man hour BC 螺栓分布圆Bolt circle HP 高点High point LP 低点Low point SUC 吸入（口）Suction DIS 排出（口）Discharge SO 蒸气吹扫（口）Steam out NPT 美国标准锥管螺纹National standard taper pipe thread NPS 美国标准直管螺纹National standard straight pipe thread DR 排液Drain VT 放气Vent RTG （压力）等级Rating CL 等级Class SMLS 无缝Seamless管道结构专业术语-中英文对照管道结构专业术语（中英文对照）A above-ground conduit (pipeline) 地上管道2.0.4 accessible duct 通行地沟2.0.30 acrylonitrile butadiene stryene pipe (ABS) ABS 工程塑料管3.1.22 active earth pressure 主动土压力4.2.12 adaptor slab 井筒盖板6.3.5 aerial crossing structure 跨越结构4.4.23 air-tight test 气密性试验7.0.30 anchor 固定墩2.0.50 arriving shaft 终端工作坑7.0.16 asbestos-ciment pipe(ACP) 石棉水泥管3.1.15B backfill 回填土7.0.23 bearing pressure distribution diagram 地基反力图形4.4.15 bedding angle 基础(座)中心角4.4.7 bend 弯管6.1.2 bending test 弯曲试验4.3.15 beveled pipe 斜口管3.2.13 Boussinecq pressure bulb 布氏压力图形4.4.16 box (rectangular) conduit 矩形管道3.2.2 breadth of conduit 管道宽度4.1.2 breadth of trench 槽宽4.4.11 buried conduit (pepeline) 埋地管道2.0.3 butt and strap joint 抹带接头5.1.16C cable duct 电缆沟2.0.29 cap 盖堵6.1.8 cast in place collar joint 现浇套环接头5.1.20 cast in place joint 现浇接头(缝) 5.1.30 cast-in-place (situ) conduit 现浇管道3.2.16 cast iron pipe (CIP) 铸铁管3.1.3 caulking 填料、捻缝5.1.23 cement mortar lining 水泥砂浆内衬7.0.31 cement mortat with steel mesh strap joint 抹带接头 5.1.17 centrifugal process 离心法3.3.1 chamber 井室、检查室6.3.2 chemically prestressed concrete pipe 自应力混凝土管3.1.11 circular conduit 园形管道3.2.1 coating 涂层2.0.45 coefficient of vertical earth pressure 竖向土压力系数4.2.9 collar type joint 套管(筒)式接头5.1.5 combined drainage conduit (pipeline) 合流管道2.0.15combined duct 综合管道、共同沟2.0.32 compaction around the pipe with relatively untamped above thetop of pipe 中松侧实法7.0.25 compaction the two sides of pipe 胸腔夯实7.0.24 compansator 补偿器6.2.1 composite crossing 组合跨越4.4.26 composit pope 复合管3.1.26 concrete cradle 混凝土管基(管座) 4.4.10 concrete pipe (CP) 混凝土管3.1.8 conduit 管道2.0.1 conduit section 管道截面4.1.1 continuous casting process 连续浇铸法3.3.2 cooling water popeline 冷却水管道2.0.21 core vibrated casting process 芯模震捣法3.3.7 core winding process 管芯缠丝法3.3.10 corrosion prevetive of pipes 管道防腐2.0.51 corrugated pipe 波纹管3.2.7 corpling of borsing 卡箍式管接头6.2.6 coverslab 井筒盖板6.3.5 crack wodth calculation 裂度宽度验算4.4.6 cracking load under tbree-edge bearing test 裂缝荷载4.3.3 crown 顶点4.1.12 culrert 涵洞2.0.17 D D—load D 荷载法4.4.19 dead’load on conduit (pipeline) 管道恒荷载4.2.2 design pressure 设计压力4.2.22 detachable type joint 活接头5.1.7 dewatering 降水7.0.11 distribution of elastic reaction 弹性反力图形4.4.18 double junction 四通6.1.5 down pipe 雨落管2.0.20 down spout 雨落管2.0.20 duck foot 肘管管托5.2.5 duck 管道2.0.1 ductile cast iron pipe(DIP) 可延性铸铁管3.1.6 dynamic water pressure 动水作用力4.2.25 E earth cover (heightofsoil)overconduit 覆土高度4.4.12 earth pressure at rest 静止土压力4.2.13 earth pressure on embankment conduit 上埋式土压力4.2.7 earth pressure on trench conduit 沟埋式土压力4.2.6 earth pressure under soil arch 土拱压力4.2.8 effective length of pipe 管有效长度4.1.5 elastic installation pipeline method 弹性敷管法7.0.8 elastic reaction of soil 土的弹性抗力4.2.15 elbow 弯头6.1.3 electrical conduits 电工套管 2.0.33 elliptical conduit 椭园形管道 3.2.5 embedded type PCCP(PCCP-E) 埋置式预应力钢筒混凝土管3.1.14 embedded-cylinder pipe (ECP) 埋置式预应力钢筒混凝土管 3.1.14 expansion bellows 波纹补偿器 6.2.7 expansion bend 弯管补偿器6.2.2 expansion joint 伸缩接头5.1.3 expansion joint 伸缩节6.2.3 expansion loop 弯管补偿器6.2.2 exterior prism 管侧土柱4.2.11 F fiberglass reinforced pipe(FRP) 玻璃纤维管3.1.23 filament winding process 纤维缠绕法3.3.11 finely divided solid transmission pipeline 细颗粒固体输送管道2.0.27 rixed support 固定管托、固定支座5.2.4 rixed trestle 固定支架4.4.27 flange 法兰6.1.7 flanged joint 法兰接头5.1.11 flat subgrade 素土平基4.4.8 flattening test 压偏试验、偏平试验4.3.8 flexible joint 柔性接头5.1.2 flexble pipe 柔性管2.0.42 flexible rubber expansion joint 可曲挠橡胶接头6.2.8 flexible trestle 柔性支架4.4.29 flexural stiffness ratio 刚柔比4.3.7 four-point loading test 四点法荷载试验4.3.13 free-flow conduit (pipeline) 自流管道2.0.36 fusion joint 热溶接头5.1.9 G gas transmission pipeline 输气管道2.0.23 gasket ring 密封圈5.1.22 glass fibre reinforced plastics pipe (GRP) 玻璃纤维增强热固性塑料管 3.1.23 gravity-flow conduit (pipeline) 重力流管道2.0.36 gray cast iron pipe (CIP) 灰口铸铁管3.1.4 gully gratings and frames 雨水篦6.3.20 gully trap 雨水井6.3.9 H hanger 吊杆6.2.9 haunches under pipe 管下腋角7.0.21 beaped load 堆积荷载 4.2.19 heat-supply pipeline 供热管道 2.0.24 heating pipeline 采暖管道2.0.25 height of conduit 管道高度4.1.3 horizontal earth pressure 水平土压力4.2.5 horseshoe conduit 马蹄形管道3.2.3 hydrostatic pressure 静水压力4.2.24 hydrostatic proof test 水压检验试验4.3.11 impact factor 动力系数4.2.18 impact test 冲击试验4.3.9 industrial pipeline 工业管道2.0.9 inner sleeve joint 内套环接头5.1.19 inside diameter 内径 4.1.8 inspection chamber 检查井6.3.1 interior prism 管上土柱 4.2.10 intermediate jacking station 中继间7.0.17 invert 底点 4.1.13 J jacking pressrue 顶力7.0.20 joint angular deflection 接头角位移 5.1.24 joint axial deformation 接头轴向位移5.1.26 joint deflection test 接头角位移试验5.1.25 joint packing 接头密封料5.1.21 ioint sealant 接头密封料5.1.21 joint straight draw test 接头拉伸试验5.1.27 L lag factor 滞后系数4.4.20 lateral earth presure 侧向土压力4.2.5 leading pipe 导管7.0.18 leak test 严密性试验7.0.29 lined type PCCP(PCCP-L) 内衬式预应力钢筒混凝土管3.1.13 lined-cylinder pipe (LCP) 内衬式预应力钢筒混凝土管3.1.13 liner 内衬2.0.44 live load on conduit(pipeline) 管道活荷载4.2.3 load on conduit (pipeline) 管道荷载4.2.1 loading distribution diagram 荷载分布图形4.4.14 longitudinal calculation 纵向计算4.4.2 M manhole 检查井6.3.1 manhole cover and flames 检查井盖6.3.6 manhole steps 踏步6.3.7 max.temperature difference between costruction and operation 闭合温差7.0.26 mean diameter 平均直径4.1.10 mechanical joint 机械接头5.1.15 mixed structure conduit 混合结构管道3.1.27 N natural (original) ground surface 原状(始)地面7.0.9 natural soil 原状土7.0.10 new austrian tunnelling method 新奥法7.0.5 nodular cast iron pipe 球墨铸铁管3.1.6 non-pressure conduit (pipeline) 无压管道2.0.34 norminal diameter (DN) 公称直径4.1.7 O offset 乙字管6.1.6 olander’s bulb form distribution 奥兰特分布图形4.4.17 oriented (guiding) trestle 导向支架4.4.31 outlet sleeve joint 套环接头5.1.18 outlet 出水口6.3.11 outside diameter 外径4.1.9 oval conduit 椭园形管道3.2.5 over excavation 超挖7.0.13 overhead prpeline 架空管道2.0.7 ovoid conduit 卵形管道3.2.6 P partial fixed trestle 半固定支架4.4.30 passive earth pressure 被动土压力4.2.14 petroleum transmission pipeline 输油管道2.0.22 pipe accesory 管道附件2.0.48 pipe bridge 管桥2.0.8 pipe casing slip joint 套筒式伸缩器6.2.5 pipe clip 管卡、管箍6.2.11 pipe crossing 管道跨越4.4.24 pipe diameter 管直径4.1.6 pipe duct 管沟2.0.28 pipe fitting 管件2.0.47pipe in pipe 双层管3.2.11 pipe jacking method 顶管法7.0.3 pipe length 管长4.1.4 pipe roofing method 管棚法7.0.6 pipe support 管托、管道支座5.2.1 pipeline 管道2.0.1 pipeline (conduit) structure 管道结构2.0.2 pipeline (aerial (over) crossing 管道跨越 2.0.38 pipeline appurtenance 管道附属构筑物 2.0.49 pipeline for waste water (sewerage) in builking 建筑排水管道2.0.19 pipeline for water supply in building 建筑给水管道2.0.18 pipeline joint 管道接头 2.0.46 pipeline pier 管道支礅 2.0.40 pipeline trestle 管道支架 2.0.39 pipeline under crossing 管道穿越2.0.37 plastic sandwich 发泡塑料管3.2.9 polybutylene pipe (PB) 聚丁烯塑料管3.1.20 polyethylene pipe (PE) 聚乙烯塑料管3.1.18 polypropylene pipe (PP) 聚丙烯塑料管3.1.19 precast fabricated conduit 预制装配管道3.2.17 pressure class 压力等级4.3.10 pressure conduit 压力管道2.0.35 prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP) 预应力钢筒混凝土管3.1.12 prestressed concrete pipe (PCP) 预应力混凝土管3.1.10 profile (ribbed) wall plastic pipe 异型(肋型)塑料管3.2.8 protective cased pipe 保护套管3.2.10 push-on type joint 插入式接头5.1.4 R rare earth cast iron pipe 稀土铸铁管 3.1.5 reducer 反力墙7.0.19 rebated pipe 企口管 3.2.15 reception pit 接收工作坑7.0.16 red mud plastic anti-weather pipe 红泥聚氯乙烯耐候塑料管 3.1.21 reducer 异径管、渐缩管 6.1.1 reducerslab 缩颈盖板 6.3.4 reinforced concrete pipe (RCP) 钢筋混凝土管3.1.9 reinforced plastic mortar pipe (RPMP) 增强塑料砂浆管3.1.25 reinforced thermosetting resin pipe (RTRP) 增强热固性树脂管3.1.24 rigid joint 刚性接头5.1.1 rigid pipe 刚性管2.0.41 rigid trestle 刚性支架4.4.28 rise lf arch conduit 拱沟矢高4.1.15 road (street) gully 雨水口6.3.8 roller support 滚动管托、滚动支座5.2.3 roller suspension process 悬辊法3.3.4 sand box casting process 砂型浇铸法3.3.3 sealing gasket 密封圈5.1.22 self-anchoring joint 自锚式接头5.1.6 self-prestressed concrete pipe 自应力混凝土管3.1.11 semi-elliptical conduit 半椭园形管道 3.2.4 simi-flsxible pipe 半柔性管 2.0.43 semi-rigid pipe 半刚性管 2.0.43 separate foundation 分离式基础4.4.22 serviceebility pressure 工作压力4.2.21 sewge conduit (pipeline) 污水管道2.0.16 shaft 井筒 6.3.3 shaped by injection 注模成型法 3.3.13 shaped by injection molding 挤出成型法 3.3.12 shapped subgrade 土弧基础4.4.9 shield tunnelling method 盾构法7.0.4 single junction 三通6.1.4 sinking pipeline method 沉管法施工7.0.7 site load 施工荷载4.2.20 site pressure test 现场水压试验7.0.28 sleeve connection 杯口连接5.1.29 sleeve expansion joint 松套伸缩接头6.2.4 sleeve joint 套管(筒)式接头5.1.5 slider support 滑动管托、滑动支座5.2.2 slip-on coupling 活箍5.1.7 socket (bell) and spigot joint 承插式接头5.1.13 socket pipe 承口管 3.2.14 soil improvement 地基处理7.0.14 soil treatment 地基处理7.0.14 solvent cement joint 粘接接头5.1.10 splayed emd pipe 斜口管3.2.13 apreading angle 分布角4.4.13 apring hanger 弹簧吊杆6.2.10 apring line 侧点4.1.14 stability clculation 稳定验算4.4.4 stainles ssteel pipe 不锈钢管3.1.2 starting shaft 起始工作坑7.0.15 steel pipe 钢管3.1.1 stiffness calculation 刚度验算4.4.5 stiffness calss 刚度等级4.3.5 stiffness ring 刚性环4.4.21 stiffness test 刚度试验4.3.6 storm sewer conduit 雨水管道2.0.14 straight butt (plain) end pipe 平口管3.1.12 strength calculation 强度计算4.4.3 structural crossing 结构跨越4.4.25 subaqueous pipeline 水下管道2.0.5 submaine pipeline 海底管道2.0.6 submerged pipeline 水下管道2.0.5 support feet 肘管管托5.2.5 srucharge load 堆积荷载4.2.19 surface laver 涂层2.0.45 surge pressure test 波动压力4.2.23 sustained pressure test 持续压力试验4.3.12 T table vibrated casting process 振动台震捣法3.3.8 tbermal insulation of popes 管道隔热、管道保温2.0.52 thickness of conduit sturcture 管道结构厚度4.1.16 thickness of pope wall 管壁厚4.1.11 threaded joint 螺纹接头5.1.12 three-edge bearing test 三支承法试验4.3.1 three-point loading test 三点法荷载试验4.3.14 thrust blocks 止推墩2.0.50 thrust pit 顶进工作坑7.0.15 thrust wall 止推墙7.0.19 tongue and guoove joint 企口式接头5.1.14 tongue and groove pipe 企口管3.2.15 traffic load 车辆荷载4.2.16 transversal calculation 横向计算4.4.1 trench depth 槽深7.0.12 trench depth 开槽施工、沟槽敷设7.0.1 trenchless installation 不开槽施工7.0.2 tunnelling method installation 隧道法敷设7.0.2 two-edge bearing test 双支承法试验4.3.2 tyre pressure 轮压4.2.17 U ultimate lead under three-edge bearing test 破坏荷载4.3.4 unannealed nodular (ductile) cast iron pipe 铸态球墨铸铁管 3.1.7 unbacdfilled trench 末回填沟槽7.0.22 under-ground conduit (pipeline) 地下管道 2.0.3 undisturbed earth 未扰动土7.0.10 unpassable duct 不通行地沟2.0.31 unplasticised polyvinyl chloride pipe (UPVC 管) 硬聚氯乙烯塑料管3.1.17 V vacuum pressure 真空压力4.2.26 ventilating duct 通风管道2.0.26 vertical compressed casting process 径向挤压法、立式挤压法3.3.5 verticcal earth pressure 坚向土压力、垂直土压力4.2.4 vertical vibrated casting process 立式振捣法3.3.6 vitified clay pope 陶土管3.1.16 W wall pope chase 穿墙套管5.1.28 water distribution pipeline 配水管道2.0.12 water removal 排水7.0.11 water supply conduit (pipeline) 给水管道2.0.10 water tight test 闭(灌)水实验7.0.27 water transmission conduit (pipeline) 输水管道 2.0.11 welding joint 焊接接头 5.1.8 wheel pressure 轮压 4.2.17 wlrking pressure 工作压力4.2.21 works hydrostatic test 水压检验试验4.3.11管道基本术语（中英文对照）2.0.1 管道conduit,pipeline,duct 用以输送液体?气（汽）体,细颗粒固体等介质或用以安装输水?输气（汽）?供热等管道?电缆等设施的任意长度的封闭通道的统称? 2.0.2 管道结构pipeline （conduit）structure 输送各种介质或安装管道?电缆等各种设施用的封闭通道及其附属设施（管道附件及附属构筑物）构成的空心体结构的统称? 2.0.3 埋地管道?地下管道buried conduit （pipeline）under-ground conduit （pipeline）敷设在天然或人工回填地面以下或周围覆盖有一定厚度土体的管道? 2.0.4 地上管道above-ground conduit （pipeline）指直接敷设在地面上或地面支礅上的管道? 2.0.5 水下管道submerged pipeline,subapueous pipeline 指敷设在水面以下水体中或水底土体中的管道? 2.0.6 海底管道submarine pipeline 指敷设在海面以下海水中或海底的管道? 2.0.7 架空管道overhead pipeline 指架设在地面以上的管道,由跨越结构和支承结构（支架?托架等）两部分组成? 2.0.8 管桥pipe bridge 管道以桥梁形式跨越河道?湖泊?海域?铁路?公路?山谷等天然或人工障碍专用的构筑物? 2.0.9 工业管道industrial pipeline 通常指工矿企业装置之间管道系统并受到生产中各种输送介质或益出物侵蚀的管道? 2.0.10 给水管道water supply conduit （pipeline）输送原水或成品水管道的统称? 2.0.11 输水管道water transmission conduit （pipeline）一般指输送原水的有一定长度的管道? 2.0.12 配水管道water distribution pipeline 一般输送成品水的管道? 2.0.13 排水管道sewer conduit （pipeline）输送城镇雨?污水或农田排水的管道的统称? 2.0.14 雨水管道storm sewer conduit （pipeline）一般指输送城镇截流雨水的管道? 2.0.15 合流管道combined drainage conduit （pipeline）一般指输送城镇截流雨水?生活污水?工业废水等合流排放的管道? 2.0.16 污水管道sewage conduit （pipeline）一般指输送经过处理或未经处理的城镇或工矿企业的生活污水或工业废水的管道? 2.0.17 涵洞culvert 为宣泄地面水流而设置的穿越路堤或河堤的排水管道构筑物的统称,一般由洞身管道结构和进出水洞口构筑物组成?有管涵?拱涵?箱涵?盖板涵等涵洞结构类型? 2.0.18 建筑给水管道pipeline for water supply in building 用于工业与民用建筑物内部明设或暗设的给水管道的统称? 2.0.19 建筑排水管道pipeline for waste water （sewerage）in building 用于工业与民用建筑物内部明设或暗设的排放生活污水?工业废水管道的统称? 2.0.20 雨落管down pipe?down spout 指将建筑物屋顶或平台上的雨水引到地下排水管道或其他处理手段的安装在室内?外的竖向排水管道,有圆形和矩形等截面形式?2.0.21 冷却水管道cooling water pipeline 冷却物质与冷却装置之间输送未经冷却和经过冷却的水的管道及其附属设施的统称? 2.0.22 输油管道petroleum transmission pipeline 由生产?储存等供油设施向用户输送原油或成品油的管道及其附属设施的统称? 2.0.23 输气管道gas transmission pipeline 由生产?储存等供气设施向用户输送天然气?煤气等燃气的管道及其附属设施的统称? 2.0.24 供热管道heat-supply pipeline 由热电厂?锅炉房等热原向用户输送供热介质的管道及其附属设施的统称?有地上敷设? 地下敷设?管沟敷设?直埋敷设等敷设方式? 2.0.25 采暖管道heating pipeline 建筑物采暖用的由热源或供热装置到散热设备之间输送供热介质的管道及其附件的统称? 2.0.26 通风管道ventilating duct 输送空气和空气混合物的管道及其附件的统称?有架空敷设和地下敷设等敷设方式? 2.0.27 细颗粒固体输送管道finely divided solid transmission pipeline 以高压气体或液体为载体输送煤粉?粉煤灰?水泥等级颗粒固体管道的统称?以水为载体的亦称《浆体管》? 2.0.28 管沟pipe duct 用以敷设和更换输送水-气（汽）等管道设施的地下管道,也是被敷设管道设施的围护结构? 敷设输送供热介质管道的俗称《暖气沟》,有矩形?圆形?拱形等管道结构形式? 2.0.29 电缆沟cable duct 用以敷设和更换电力或电讯电缆设施的地下管道,也是被敷设电缆设施的围护结构,有矩形?圆形?拱形等管道结构形式? 2.0.30 通行地沟accessible duct 人可以在其中通行和进行检查维修等工作的管沟?电缆沟等地下管道的统称?人可以直立通行的称通行地沟（walkway duct）;人必须弯腰通行的称半通行地沟（crawl duct）? 2.0.31 不通行地沟unpassable duct 截面仅能满足敷设管道或电缆的最小净空尺寸要求,人不能进入的地下管沟? 2.0.32 综合管道?共同沟combined duct 在截面内敷设水?气（汽）管道?电缆等输送两种以上不同用途设施的通行地沟的统称? 2.0.33 电工套管electrical conduits 用于保护并保障建筑物（构筑物）内部和室外埋地?架空电气线路系统中穿入与更换电讯或电力电缆的管道的统称?有平滑套管?波绞套管?绝缘套管?阻燃和非阻燃等各种不同材质及性能的类型? 2.0.34 无压管道non-pressure conduit （pipeline）指输送的液体是在其自重重力作用下运行的管道,且其管内液体的最高运行液面不超过管道截面内顶? 2.0.35 压力管道pressure conduit （pipelinne）指输送的液体?气体等介质是在加压的状态下运行的管道的统称,一般以大气压力表示? 根据不同介质及其相应的工作压力的要求,可分为低压?中压?高压等不同压力等级的管道? 2.0.36 自流管道?重力流管道free-flow conduit （pipeline）gravity-flow conduit （pipeline）指输送的液体是在其自重重力作用下运行的管道,其运行最高水头不超过管道截面内顶者为无压管道;其运行最高水头超过管道截面内顶者为有压管道? 2.0.37 管道穿越pipeline under crossing 管道从河流?铁路?公路?建筑物等天然或人工障碍物底部通过的一种方式? 2.0.38 管道跨越pipeline aerial （over）crossing 管道从河流?山谷?铁路?公路等天然或人工障碍物上方通过的一种方式? 2.0.39 管道支架pipeline trestle 支承架空管道用的排架或框架结构,一般由支承柱?帽梁和横梁等杆件组成? 2.0.40 管道支礅pipeline pier 支承架空管道用的实体承重结构,一般用砖?块石或混凝土等制筑? 2.0.41 刚性管rigid pipe 主要依靠管体材料强度支承外力的圆管,在外荷载作用下其变形很小,管子的失效是由于管壁强度的控制? 2.0.42 柔性管flexibe pipe 在外荷载作用下变形显著的圆管?竖向荷载大部分由管子两侧土体所产生的弹性抗力所平衡,管子的失效通常由变形造成而不是管壁的破坏? 2.0.43 半柔性管?半刚性管semi-flexibe pipe,semi-rigid pipe 在竖向外荷载作用下变形足以使两侧土体产生弹性抗力的圆管,土的弹性抗力支承相应的竖向荷载,其数值决定于管子的环向刚度与土体弹性模量的比值?管子的结构计算属柔性管范畴? 2.0.44 内衬liner 涂抹在管内壁或在制管时与管壁结构同时形成的管内表面层?如钢筋混凝土管内壁涂抹或镶嵌的塑料层;钢管和铸铁管内壁涂抹的水泥砂浆层;玻璃纤维管内壁的热圆性树脂层等? 是管道结构的一部分? 2.0.45 涂层coating,surface layer 涂抹在管外壁或在制管时与管壁结构同时形成的管外表面层?如预应力混凝土管外壁喷涂的水泥砂浆层;钢管?铸铁管外壁涂抹的沥青或沥青树脂卷材层;玻璃纤维管外壁的热因性树脂层等?是管道结构的一部分? 2.0.46 管道接头pipeline joint 管道上相邻两端管口或管子与管件连接形式的统称?按其连接功能要求有刚性连接,柔性连接等;按管子结构形式有插入式?企口式?套筒式等;按管材材质有焊接?熔接?粘接等? 2.0.47 管件pipe fitting 圆形管管端之间各类连接件的统称?如渐缩管?弯头?三通?四通等,一般按标准规格尺寸制作? 2.0.48 管道附件pipe accessory 管件?补偿器?阀及其组合件等管道专用部件的统称? 2.0.49 管道附属构筑物pipeline appurtenance 管道系统上设置的安装各种控制输送介质的设施和检查维护用的构筑物的统称?如各种类型的检查井?阀门井?进出水口等?是管道工程的组成部分? 2.0.50 止推墩?固定墩thrust blocds?anchor 阻止压力管道上由内压或温度作用等产生的轴向力引起的管道在水平向和垂直向移动的设施?一般用混凝土浅筑,俗称管道支墩? 2.0.51 管道防腐corrosion prevetive of pipes 减缓或防止钢管?铸铁管等管道在内外介质的化学?电化学作用下或由于微生物的代谢活动而被侵蚀或变质的措施?有涂料防腐?卷材防腐?电防腐等? 2.0.52 管道隔热,管道保温thermal insulation of pipes 为减少供热管道的散热损失或管外介质温度变化对管内介质的影响,在管外壁设置的构造措施?有填充式?涂抹式?缠绕式?预制式等隔热（保温）结构? 3 管材及管道结构 3.1 管材3.1.1 钢管steel pipe 由铁和炭等元素炼制的圆管的统称?按制作工艺有焊接钢管（welded steel pipe）和无缝钢管（seamle ssteel pipe）二类?焊接钢管均由钢板卷焊制作,按焊缝形式有螺旋焊接钢管（spiral welded steel pipe）和直缝焊接钢秋（longitudinal weldedsteel pepe）两种;直缝焊接钢管按焊接工艺不同有直缝埋弧焊管和直缝高频电阻焊管（electric resistence welding,ERW）3.1.2 不锈钢管stainless steel pipe 用少量铬和镍等金属元素炼制的合金钢制作的圆管?具有高度抗腐蚀能力,并耐高温和高压,属合金钢管（alloys steel pipe）范畴? 3.1.3 铸铁管cast iron pipe（CIP）用铁水浇铸的圆管的统称?按管子成型工艺可分为离心铸铁管和连续铸铁管? 3.1.4 灰口铸铁管grey cast iron pipe （CIP）用普通铁水浇铸的圆管,亦称普通铸铁管?用于压力流体输送的称承压铸铁管,用于无压输送液体的称排水铸铁管? 3.1.5 稀土铸铁管rare earth cast iron pipe 指在普通铁水中掺入少量稀土元素浇铸的圆管?具有比灰口铸铁管较高的强度? 3.1.6 球墨铸铁管?可延性铸铁管nodular castiron pipe,ductile cast iron pipe（DIP）指由经过球化和孕育处理的优质铁水（其中石墨组织已由片状变成球状）采用离心浇铸制作的圆管?具有较高强度?较好的韧性（延伸率大于10％）和防腐性能? 3.1.7 铸态球墨铸铁管unannealed nodular （ductile）cast iron pipe 未经退火的球墨铸铁管?其力学性能指标除韧性低外,其他均与球墨铸铁管同? 3.1.8 混凝土管concrete pipe（CP）用混凝土制作的圆管?按成型工艺可分为离心管?悬辊管?立式挤压管和立式振捣管等? 3.1.9 钢筋混凝土管reinforced concrete pipe （RCP）reinforcedconcretepipe（RCP）用配有环筋和纵筋的混凝土制作的圆管?按成型工艺可分为离心管?悬辊管?立式挤压和立式振捣管等? 3.1.10 预应力混凝土管prestressedconcretepipe（PCP）在制管过程中用张拉高强钢丝的工艺使管体混凝土在环向和纵向均处于受压状态的圆管?按制管及环向张拉高强钢丝的不同工艺,分为管芯绕丝管,（指在混凝土管芯上缠绕环向预应力钢丝,使该管芯在环向处于受压状态下喷涂水泥砂浆保护面层制成的圆管,俗称三阶段管）和水力挤压管（俗称一阶段管）两类? 3.1.11 自应力混凝土管self-prestressedconcretepipe, chemicallyprestressedconcretepipe 指在制管过程中利用膨胀水泥的化学作用使混凝土在固化阶段产生的膨胀作用,藉以张拉环向和纵向钢丝,使管体环向和纵向处于受压状态的圆管? 3.1.12 预应力钢筒混凝土管prestressedconcretecylinderpipe（PCCP）指在带钢筒的混凝土管芯上缠绕环向预应力钢丝,使该复合管芯在环向处于受压状态下并喷涂水泥砂浆保护面层而制成的圆管的统称? 3.1.13 内衬式预应力钢筒混凝土管linedtypePCCP （PCCR-L）, lined-cylinderpipe（LCP）指采用离心工艺在钢筒内成型混凝土层后,在钢筒外缠绕环向预应力钢丝,制作水泥砂浆保护层制成的管子? 3.1.14 埋置式预应钢管混凝土管embeddedtypePCCP（PCCP-E）embedded-cylinderpipe（ECP）指采用立式振动成型工艺将钢筒埋入管芯混凝土中,在外侧缠绕环向预应力钢丝,制作水泥砂浆保护层而制成的管子? 3.1.15 石棉水泥管asbestos-cementpipe（ACP）用石棉纤维和水泥抄取成型的圆管?3.1.16 陶土管vitrifiedclaypipe 用粘土制作成型后在窑中烧成的圆管?管表面不上釉的俗称缸瓦管;管表面上釉的称陶瓷管? 3.1.17 硬聚氯乙烯塑料管unplasticisedpolyvinylchloridepipe（UPVC 管）以氯乙烯树脂单体为主,用挤出成型法制成的热塑性塑料圆管?具有一定的耐腐蚀性能,无味, 一般用于输送介质为常温的有压和无压管道?根据使用要求不同,有室内给水?排水用管?埋地给水?排水用管,农排灌溉用管,化工用管等不同品种和规格? 3.1.18 聚乙烯塑。
1 总则1.1 为了确保压力管道设计质量，规范压力管道配管术语，特制定本规定。
1.2 本规定适用于本公司压力管道前期设计(基础设计)文件和施工图设计文件的设计。
1.3 引用标准《石油化工企业配管工程术语》(SH/T3051)。
2 一般部分2.1 配管piping 按工艺流程、生产操作、施工、维修等要求进行的管道组装。
2.2 公称直径nominal diameter 表征管子、管件、阀门等口径的名义内直径。
2.3 公称压力nominal pressure 管子、管件、阀门等在规定温度下允许承受的以压力等级表示的工作压力。
2.4 工作压力working pressure 管子、管件、阀门等在正常操作条件下承受的压力。
2.5 设计压力design pressure 在正常操作过程中①,在相应设计温度下，管道可能承受的最高工作压力。
2.6 强度试验压力strength test pressure 管道强度试验的规定压力。
2.7 密封试验压力(严密性试验压力)sea1 test pressure 管道密封试验的规定压力。
2.8 工作温度working temperature 管道在正常操作条件下的温度。
2.9 设计温度design temperature 在正常操作过程中①，在相应设计压力下，管道可能承受的最高或最低温度。
2.10 适用介质suitable medium 在正常操作条件下，适合于管道材料的介质。
3 管子与管道3.1 管子pipe 一般为长度远大于直径的圆筒体，是管道的主要组成部分。
3.2 管道(管路)piping (pipe line) 由管子、管件、阀门等连接成的，输送流体或传递流体压力的通道口。
3.3 管道系统（管系）piping system 单独一组设计条件相互联系的管道。
3.4 管道组成件piping components 连接或装配成管道系统的元件，包括管子、管件、法兰、阀门、支撑件以及补偿器等。
1 总则1.1 为了确保压力管道设计质量，规范压力管道配管术语，特制定本规定。
1.2 本规定适用于本公司压力管道前期设计(基础设计)文件和施工图设计文件的设计。
1.3 引用标准《石油化工企业配管工程术语》(SH/T3051)。
2 一般部分2.1 配管piping 按工艺流程、生产操作、施工、维修等要求进行的管道组装。
2.2 公称直径nominal diameter 表征管子、管件、阀门等口径的名义内直径。
2.3 公称压力nominal pressure 管子、管件、阀门等在规定温度下允许承受的以压力等级表示的工作压力。
2.4 工作压力working pressure 管子、管件、阀门等在正常操作条件下承受的压力。
2.5 设计压力design pressure 在正常操作过程中①,在相应设计温度下，管道可能承受的最高工作压力。
2.6 强度试验压力strength test pressure 管道强度试验的规定压力。
2.7 密封试验压力(严密性试验压力)sea1 test pressure 管道密封试验的规定压力。
2.8 工作温度working temperature 管道在正常操作条件下的温度。
2.9 设计温度design temperature 在正常操作过程中①，在相应设计压力下，管道可能承受的最高或最低温度。
2.10 适用介质suitable medium 在正常操作条件下，适合于管道材料的介质。
3 管子与管道3.1 管子pipe 一般为长度远大于直径的圆筒体，是管道的主要组成部分。
3.2 管道(管路)piping (pipe line) 由管子、管件、阀门等连接成的，输送流体或传递流体压力的通道口。
3.3 管道系统（管系）piping system 单独一组设计条件相互联系的管道。
3.4 管道组成件piping components 连接或装配成管道系统的元件，包括管子、管件、法兰、阀门、支撑件以及补偿器等。
1 管子及管件中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写管子pipe p快速接头quick joint qj弯头elbow el翻边短节stub end se长半径弯头long radius elbow ell加强管接头o-let ol短半径弯头short radius elbow els管帽（封头）cap cp 斜接弯头（虾米腰弯头）milre elbow mel焊接管帽welded cap wc 异径弯头reducing elbow rel螺纹管帽thread cap tc三通tee t承插焊管帽socket welded cap swc 斜三通lateral tee lt异径三通reducing tee rt管堵（丝堵）plug pg 异径管接头（大小头）reducer r盲板blank blk 同心异径管接头（同心大小头）concentric reducer cr8字盲板spectacle blind (blank)sb 偏心异径管接头（偏心大小头）eccentric reducer er hnip 管箍coupling cpl snip 中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写法兰flange flg法兰密封面 flange sealing face fsf 对焊法兰welding meck flange wnf平面flat face ff平焊法兰slip-on flange sof凸台面（光滑面）raised face rf承插焊法兰socket-wclding flange swf凹凸面male and female face mff 螺纹法兰threaded flange tf 凹面female face fmf 松套法兰lapped joint flange ljf凸面male face mf 大小法兰reducing flange redf环连接面ring jcin face rjf 特殊法兰special flange spf透镜面lens face lf法兰盖（盲法兰）blind flange bf榫槽面tongue and grcove face tgf 3 垫片中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写垫片gasket g聚四氟乙烯包PTFE envelope teg 非金属垫片 non-metallic gasket nmg4 紧固件中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写螺栓bolt b花篮螺母turnbuckle tb双头螺柱stud bolt sb垫圈washer wsr 螺母nut nu弹簧垫圈spring washer swsr 5 阀门中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写闸阀gate valve gv旋塞阀plug valve(ccck)pv 截止阀globe valve glv调节阀control valve cv 止回阀check valve ghv安全阀safcty calve sv 蝶阀butterfly valve buv减压阀pressure reducing valve prv 球阀ball valve bav蒸汽疏水阀steam trap st6 管道上用的设备中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写气液分离器separator spr取样冷却器sample cooler sc消声器silencer sil补偿器expansion joint ej视镜sight flow indicator sfi7 隔热、伴热中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写隔热thermal insulation ins蒸汽外伴热external steam tracing est保温hot insulation hi蒸汽内伴热internal steam tracing ist保冷cold insulation ci蒸汽夹套伴热steam-jacket tracing sjt防烫伤隔热personnel protection insulation ppi电伴热electric tracing et伴热和保温tracing and insulation t & I伴热管tracing piping trp管道伴热piping tracing pt合金钢alloy steel alys8 配管材料和等级不锈钢stainless steel ss中文名称英文名称缩写表号schedule number sch金属材料metallic material m标准standard std碳钢carbon steel cs加强extra strong xs铸钢cast steel cas特强double extra strong xxs锻钢forged steel fs壁厚thickness9 装置布置中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写建北construction north cn地下underground jg东east e装置边界线battery limit line bl西west w事故淋浴洗眼器emergency shower eye eses 南south s软管站hose station hs北north n接续分界线match line ml水平horizontal h管道支架（管架）piping support ps竖直、铅直、直立vertical v地坪ground grd10 图表中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写工艺流程图process flow diagram pfd管段图spool drawing spdwg 管道和仪表流程图piping & instrument diagram pid图号drawing number dwgno 接续图continucd on drawing cod所在图号drawing identification dwgl 详图detail dtl材料表list of material lom 11 尺寸标注中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写标高elevation el中心至端部center to end cte管底bottom of pipe bop端到端end to end ete管中心center of pipe cop法兰端面flange and face fef管顶top of pipe top面到面face to face ftf底平flat on bottom fob直径diameter d顶平flat on top fot公称直径nominal diameter dn中心线center line cl内径inside diameter id切线tangent line tl外径outnide diameter od对称的symmetrical sym尺寸dimension dim支架底bottom of support bos最大maximum max 支架顶top of support tos最小minimum min净距（净空）clearance cl平均average avg 中心至中心center to center ctc约，近似appoximate app 中心至面center to face ctf12 操作方式及工作参数中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写自动automatic aut锁开lock open lo手控manual control mc正常关normally close nc 链条操作chain operated chop正常开normally open no 铅封关门car seal close csc大气压atmosphere atm 铅封开car seal open cso公称压力nominal pressure pn 闭锁lock closed lc中文名称英文名称缩写中文名称英文名称缩写焊接welding w外观检查visual examination ve 电弧焊arc welding aw超声探伤ultrasonic inspection ui气体保护电弧焊gas shielded-arc welding gsaw射线探伤radiographic inspection ri电熔焊electric fusion welding efw磁粉探伤magnetic particle inspection mpi 电阻焊electric resistance welding erw液体渗透检验liquid penetrant inspection lpi 气焊gas welding gw硬度试验hardness testing hadt 搭接焊lap welding lw水压试验hydraulic testing hydt 对焊butt welding bw气压试验pneumatic testing pnet 定位焊tack welding tw焊条covered electrode ce 承插焊socket welding sw焊丝welding wire ww 连续焊continuous welding cw装配、组合assembly asy 密封焊seal welding sew现场field f堆焊surfacing sfg现场制造field fabricated f/f 工地焊接field welding fw现场决定suit in field sf热处理heat treatment ht冷紧cold spring csp 预热preheating ph螺栓冷紧bolt cold tightening pct 应力消除stress relief sr螺栓热紧bolt hot tightening bht 焊后热处理post weld heat treatment pwht清洗clean out co 检查、探伤和试验examination inspection & testing e it基础foundation fdn 工时man hour mhr 信息（资料）information inf螺栓分布圆bolt circle bc 参考reference ref加强的reinforced rf修改revision rev低点low point lp序号（顺序）sequence seq吸入suction suc 设备带来with equipment w/e排出discharge dis 仪表带来with instrument w/I蒸汽吹扫steam out so 色标colour mark cm美国标准锥管螺纹national standard taperpipe thread npt 腐蚀裕度corrosion allowance ca美国标准直管螺纹national standard straight pipe thread nps 公用系统utility utl重量weight wt 数量quantity qty。
化工管道工程使用技术词汇中英文对照1 管道组成件Piping component1.1 管子Pipe管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢stainless steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamless (SMLS) steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube直管run pipe; straight pipe1.2 管件Fitting弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow带支座弯头base elbowk半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return短半径180°弯头short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand)双支管弯头（形）double branch elbow三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft ha nd)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on o ne run and outlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee (reducing on b oth runs, bull head)45°斜三通45°lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45°lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45°lateral (reducing on one run)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45°lateral (reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y”四通cross等径四通straight cross异径四通reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on both out let)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducin g on one run and both outlet)异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer锻制异径管reducing swage螺纹支管台threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台，插入式支管台boss管接头coupling, full coupling半管接头half coupling异径管接头reducing coupling活接头union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing管帽cap (C)堵头plug短节nipple异径短节reducing nipple; swage nipple1.3 弯管Bend预制弯管fabricated pipe bend跨过弯管（^ 形）cross-over bend偏置弯管（~ 形）offset bend90°弯管quarter bend环形弯管cirele bend单侧偏置90°弯管（? 形）single offset quarter bendS形弯管“S”bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形）single offset “U”bend U形弯管“U”bend双偏置U膨胀弯管double offset expansion “U”bend斜接弯管mitre bend三节斜接弯管3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管corrugated bend圆度roundness1.4 法兰Flange (FLG）整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flang e承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖blind flange, blind孔板法兰orifice flange异径法兰reducing flange盘座式法兰pad type flange松套带颈法兰loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰welding plate flange对焊环welding neck collar （与stub end相似）平焊环welding-on collar突缘短节stub end, lap翻边端lapped pipe end松套板式法兰loose plate flange压力级pressure rating, pressure rating class压力—温度等级pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面，法兰面flange facing突面raised face (RF)凸面male face (MF)凹面female face (FMF)榫面tongue face槽面groove face环连接面ring joint face全平面；满平面flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工facing finish粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth齿形serrated均方根root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰companion-flange螺栓圆bolt circle (B.C.)1.5 垫片Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式type of gasket平垫片flat gasket环形平垫片flat ring gasket平金属垫片flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝加大的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric inserti on and with wire reinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片non graphited compressed white asbestos gask et天然白橡胶垫片natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片compressed asbestos class gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler 内环inner ring外环，外定位环outer ring波浪金属垫片corrugated metal gasket波浪金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波浪金属包石棉垫片corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket双夹套垫片double jacketed gasket金属包石棉平垫片flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片oval ring gasket透镜式垫片lens gasket非金属垫片non-metallic gasket1.6 阀门Valve1.6.1 阀门结构、零件阀轭yoke外螺纹阀杆及阀轭outside screw and yoke (OS & Y)阀杆stem内螺纹inside screw (IS)阀轭套yoke sleeve阀杆环stem ring阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈seat ring整体（阀）座integral seat堆焊（阀）座deposited seat阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件）trim阀盘disc阀盘密封圈disc seat阀体body阀盖bonnet阀盖衬套bonnet bush螺纹阀帽screw cap螺纹阀盖screw bonnet螺栓连接的阀盖bolted bonnet (BB)活接阀盖（帽）union bonnet (cap)螺栓连接的阀帽bolted cap (BC)焊接阀盖welded bonnet (WB)本体阀杆密封body stem seal石棉安全密封asbestos emenen seal倒密封back seal压力密封的阀盖pressure-tight bonnet动力操纵器powered operator电动操纵器electric motor operator气动操纵器pneumatic operator液压操纵器hydraulic operator快速操纵器quick-acting operator滑动阀杆sliding stem正齿轮传动spur gear operated伞齿轮传动bevel gear operated扳手操作wrench operated链轮chain wheel手轮hand wheel手柄hand lever (handle)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的cylinder operated链条操纵的chain operated等径孔道full bore; full port异径孔道reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port短型short pattern紧凑型（小型）compact type笼式环lantern ring压盖gland阀杆填料stem packing阀盖垫片bonnet gasket升杆式（明杆）rising stem (RS)非升杆式（暗杆）non-rising stem (NRS)指示器/限位器indicator/stopper注油器grease injector可更换的阀座环renewable seat ring1.6.2 常用阀(1）闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat开口楔形闸板split wedge挠性整体楔形闸扳flexible solid wedge整体楔形闸板solid wedge塞型闸阀plug gate valve直通型闸阀through conduit gate valve(2) 截止阀globe valve球心型阀盘globe type disc塞型阀盘plug type disc可转动的阀盘swivel disc(3) 节流闪阀throttle valve针阀needle valve(4) 角阀angle valve(5) Y型阀（Y 型阀体截止阀）Y-valve (Y-body globe valve)(6) 球阀ball valve三通球阀3-way ball valve装有底轴的trunnion mounted耐火型fire safe type浮动球型floating ball type防脱出阀杆blowout proof stem(7) 蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式（薄片型）wafer type凸耳式lug type偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc burerfly valve; eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve8) 柱塞阀piston type valve(9) 旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock(10) 隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve堰式隔膜阀weir diaphragm valve(11) 夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve（用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12) 止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve, flap check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve双板对夹式止回阀dual plate wafer type check valve无撞击声止回阀non-slam cheek valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve; non-return valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve斜翻盘止回阀tilting disc check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve1.6.3 其它用途的阀安全泄气阀safety valve (SV)安全泄液阀relief valve (RV)安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀pilot operated safety valve复式安全泄气阀twin type safety valve罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve电磁阀solenoid valve, solenoid operated valve电动阀electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve 气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阎mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open bucket trap, open top bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀metal expansion steam trap液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀liquid expansion steam trap双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀bimetallic expansion steam trap压力平稳式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放气阀（自动放气阀）air vent valve (automatic air vent valve) （疏水阀用）平板式滑动闸阀slab type sliding gate valve盖阀flat valve换向阀diverting valve, reversing valve热膨胀阀thermo expansion valve自动关闭阀self-closing gate valve自动排液阀self-draining valve管道盲板阀line-blind valve挤压阀squeeze valve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）呼吸阀breather valve风门、挡板damper减压阀pressure reducing valve, reducing valve操纵阀control valve膜式操纵阀diaphragm operated control valve执行机构actuator背压调剂阀back pressure regulating valve差压调剂阀differential pressure regulating valve压力比例调剂阀pressure ratio regulating valve1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀切断阀block valve; shut-off valve; stop valve调剂阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阔jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve多通路阀multiport valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀hand-operated valve; manually operated valve 锻造阀forged valve铸造阀cast valve（水）龙头bibb; bib; faucet抽出液阀（小阀）bleed valve旁路阀by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve第一道阀；根部阀primary valve根部阀root valve总管阀header valve事故切断阀emergency valve1.7 管道专门件Piping Specialty1.7.1 管道专门件（组件）粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时粗滤器（锥型）temporary strainer (cone type)y 型粗滤器y-type strainerT型粗滤器T-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter丝网粗滤器gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷嘴；喷头spray nozzle取样冷却器sample cooler消声器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波浪膨胀节bellow expansion joint单波single bellow双波double bellow多波multiple bellow压力平稳式膨胀节pressure balanced expansion带铰链膨胀节hinged expansion joint轴向位移型膨胀节axial movement type expansion joint 自均衡膨胀节（外加大环）self-equalizing expansion joint 带接杆膨胀节tied expansion joint万向型膨胀节universal type expansion joint球形补偿器ball type expansion joint填函式补偿器slip type (packed type) expansion joint 单向滑动填料函补偿器single actionpacked slip joint1.7.2 管道专门元件Piping Special Element软管接头hose connection (HC)快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube鞍形补强板reinforcing saddles补强板reinforcement pad专门法兰special flange漏斗funnel排液环drip ring排液漏斗drain funnel插板blank垫环spacer8字盲板spectacle blind; figure 8 blind限流孔板restriction orifice爆破片rupture disk法兰盖贴面protective disc费托立克接头victaulic coupling1.8 端部连接End Connection法兰端flanged end坡口端beveled end (BE)对焊端butt welded end平端plain end (PE)承插焊端socket welding end螺纹端threaded end (TE)承口bell end焊接端welding end法兰连接（接头）flanged joint对焊连接（接头）butt welded joint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接threaded joint, pipe threaded joint 锥管螺纹密封焊连接seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint 承插焊连接（接头）socket welded joint承插连接（接头）bell and spigot joint环垫接头ring joint (RJ)万向接头universal joint软钎焊连接（接头）soldered joint搭接接头，松套连接lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角bevel for outside thickncss内侧厚度切斜角bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角bevel for combined thickness法兰式的flanged (FLGD)对焊的butt welded (BW)螺纹的threaded (THD)承插焊的socket welded (SW)小端为平的small end plain (SEP)大端为平的large end plain (LEP)两端平both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹large end thread (LET)两端带螺纹both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹one end thread (OET)支管连接branch connection焊接支管branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe2 管道用紧固件及螺纹2.1 紧固件螺栓bolt六角头螺栓hexagonal head bolt方头螺栓square head bolt螺柱，双头螺栓stud bolt环头螺检eye bolt沉头螺栓countersunk (head) screw地脚螺栓anchor bolt; foundation bolt松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝）turnbuckleU形螺栓U-boltT形螺栓T-bolt圆头螺钉round head bolt机螺栓，机螺钉maehine bolt顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓Jack screw自攻螺钉self tapping screw膨胀螺栓expansion bolt粗制的coarse精制的finished, fine螺母nut六角螺母hexagonal nut方螺母square nut蝶形螺母wing nut扁螺母flat nut锁紧螺母lock nut垫圈washer平垫圈plain washer球面垫圈spherical washer弹簧垫圈spring washer方垫圈square washer斜垫圈slant washer销轴pinned shan销pin开口销cotter pin定位销dowel pin带孔销pin with hole圆锥销taper pin铆钉rivet键key2.2 螺纹左螺纹left hand thread右螺纹right hand thread管螺纹pipe thread锥管螺纹taper pipe thread直管螺纹straight pipe thread梯形螺纹trapezoid thread螺距pitch of thread粗牙螺纹coarse thread细牙螺纹fine thread特细牙螺纹extra fine thread通长螺纹full thread惠氏螺纹whitworth thread公制螺纹metric ibread美国标准锥管螺纹American standard taper pipe thread (NPT)螺孔tap3 材料、型钢及填料3.1 金属材料3.1.1 黑色金属Ferrous Metal碳素钢carbon steel (CS)低碳钢low-carbon steel中碳钢medium-carbon steel高碳钢high-carbon steel一般碳素钢general carbon steel优质碳素钢high-quality carbon steel一般低合金结构钢general structure low-alloy steel 合金结构钢structural alloy steel合金钢alloy steel低合金钢low alloy steel中合金钢medium alloy steel高合金钢high alloy steel耐热钢heat resisting steel高强度钢high strength steel复合钢clad steel工具钢tool steel弹簧钢spring steel钼钢molybdenum steel镍钢nickel steel铬钢chromium steel铬钼钢chrome-molybdenum steel铬镍钢chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel 不锈钢stainless steel (S.S.)奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic stainless steel马氏体不锈钢Martensitic stainless steel铬镍铁合金inconel耐热铬镍铁合金incoloy20合金20 alloy平炉钢（马丁钢）Martin steel冷静钢killed steel半冷静钢semi-killed steel沸腾钢rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel 锻钢forged steel铸钢cast steel铸铁cast iron (C.I.)灰铸铁grey cast iron可锻铸铁malleable iron (MI)球墨铸铁nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron 生铁pig iron熟铁，锻铁wrought iron铸件casting高硅铸铁high silicon cast iron3.1.2 镀层及制造方法渗铬钢，镀铬钢chromized steel镀铬的chromium-plated, chrome-plated镀层plating锻造，型钢swage锻造的，锻造forging轧制rolling热轧hot rolling冷轧cold rolling挤压extruding冷加工cold working热加工hot working拔制drawing3.1.3 有色金属Non-ferrous Metal 铝aluminum铜，紫铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze铝青铜aluminum bronze磷青铜phosphor bronze铝镁合金aluminum magnesium锰青铜manganese bronze蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金）Monel 镍铜台金nickel copper alloy非铁合金nonferrous alloy钛titanium铅lead硬铅hard lead3.1.4 材料性能极限强度ultimate strength抗拉强度tensile strength屈服极限yield limit屈服点yield point延伸率percentage elongation抗压强度compressive strength抗弯强度bending strength弹性极限elastic limit冲击值impact value疲劳极限fatigue limit蠕变极限creep limit持久极限endurance limit布氏硬度Brinell hardness洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness维氏硬度Vickers diamond hardness, diamond penetrator hardness 蠕变断裂强度creep rupture strength断面收缩率reduction of area韧性toughess脆性brittleness延性ductility冷脆cold shortness冷流cold flow3.2 非金属材料Non-metallic Material塑料plastic丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)聚乙烯polyethylene (PE)聚氯乙烯polyvinyl chloride (PVC)苯乙烯橡胶styrene-rubber (SR)聚丁烯polybutylene (PB)聚丙烯polypropylene (PP)聚苯乙烯polystyrene (PS)氯化聚醚chlorinated polyether (CPE)聚酰胺polyamide (PA)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate (PC)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)醋酸丁酸纤维素cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)聚偏二氟乙烯polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)缩醛塑料acetal plastic尼龙塑料nylon plastic聚烯烃polyolefin (PO)石墨酚醛塑料graphite phenolic plastics聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)纤维增强热塑性塑料fiber reinforced thermoplastics热塑性塑料thermoplastic热固性塑料thermosetting plastics胶粘剂adhesive溶剂胶接剂solvent cement树脂resin环氧树脂epoxy, epoxy resin聚酯树脂polyester resin聚酯纤维polyester fibers氟塑料fluoroplastics聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane丙烯酸树脂acrylic resin脲醛树脂urea resin呋哺树脂furan resin乙烯丙烯二烃单体ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)合成橡胶synthetic rubber橡胶rubber丁腈橡胶nitrile butadiene rubber氯丁橡胶neoprene天然橡胶natural rubber乙丙橡胶ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)玻璃glass硼硅玻璃borosilicate glass耐火砖fire brick陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel木材wood3.3 型材型钢shaped steel, section steel, swage角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beamT型钢T-bar方钢square bar扁钢flat bar角钢hexagonal steel bar圆钢round steel; rod钢带strap steel钢板plate网纹钢板checkered plate腹板（指型钢的立板）web翼缘（指型钢的缘）wing3.4 填料及填料函填料packing石棉绳asbestos rope, asbestos cord．O形环O-ring自密封self-sealing四氟带Teflon tap带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳asbestos rope with inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflon impregnated asbestos packing金属填料metallic stuffing填料箱，填料函packing box, stuffing box填料函压盖stuffing box gland4 管道等级及材料统计4.1 管道材料规定Piping Material Specification管道等级piping class; piping classification管道等级号class designation公称直径nominal diameter (DN); nominal (pipe) size公称压力nominal pressure (PN)压力级，等级，类别class (CL)低压low pressure (L.P.)中压medium pressure (M.P.)高压high pressure (H.P.)大气压atmosphere (ATM)真空vacuum工作压力operating pressure; working pressure设计压力design pressure工作温度operating temperature设计温度design temperature环境温度ambient temperature腐蚀裕量corrosion allowance管道附件piping attachment管道元件piping element壁厚wall thickness (WT)壁厚系列号schedule number (SCH. No.)加厚的，加大的extra heavy, extra strong双倍加厚的，双倍加大的double extra heavy, double extra strong 通用连接组typieal installation分组（类）形式（如管道等级表）block form数据库data base文件file4.2 材料统计Material Take-off (MTO)汇总表summary sheet材料表bill of material (BM)综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheet (CPMS S)统计材料准确度accuracy of take-off材料情形报告material status report (MSR)散装材料bulk material编位号的itemized代码code number短代码short code数量quantity (QTY)重力weight净重net weight毛重gross weight5 设备布置及管道布置Plot Plan and Piping Layout,Equipment and Piping Arrangement5.1 设备名称Equipment Name5.1.1 容器Vessel(1) 塔tower, column洗涤塔scrubber吸取塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower蒸馏塔distillation tower再生塔regenering tower造粒塔prflling tower汽提塔stripper脱气塔degasifier合成塔synthesis tower(2) 反应器reactor聚台釜polymerizer转化器，变换器converter脱硫反应器desulphurization reactor 甲烷化器methanator(3) 气柜gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder(4) 槽罐贮罐tank; storage tank缓冲罐knock out drum球罐spheroid, spherical tank罐drum同意槽receiver计量槽measuring tank加料槽feed tank排污罐blow down tank闪蒸罐flash drum汽包steam drum溶液贮槽solution storage tank地下槽sloptank(5) 其它设备分离器separator旋风分离器cyclone分子筛molecular sieve脱氧器deaerator搅拌器agitator干燥器dryer混合器mixer萃取器extractor结晶器crystallizer澄清器gravity settler净化器purifier气化器vaporizer吸附器adsorber融解槽melter减温器desuperheater升压器booster喷射器ejector喷头sprayer火炬flare消声器silencer(6) 换热器、加热器、冷却器换热器heat exchanger空冷器air cooler水冷却器water cooler冷凝器condenser螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger 蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler急冷器quencher深冷器chiller预热器preheater再热器reheater加热器heater电加热器electric heater过热器super heater给水加热器feed water heater中间冷却器inter cooler后冷却器after cooler5.1.2 工业炉及锅炉炉子furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler烟囱stack废热锅炉waste heat boiler辅助锅炉auxiliary boiler省煤器economizer回热炉direct-fired heater辐射段radiant section对流段convection section裂化炉reformer焚烧炉incinerator回转窑rotary kiln炉管furnace tube吹灰器soot blower观看孔observation door, peep door防爆门explosion door5.2 辅助用房名称5.2.1 生产用房分析室analyzer room变压器室transformer room配电室，变电所substation, switch room 蓄电池室battery room操纵室control room通风室ventilating room贮藏室storage room修理间maintenance room办公室office5.2.2 生活用房更农室locker room盥洗室，厕所closet, lavatory, toilet5.3 图名管道布置平面piping arrangement plan (PAP)管道布置piping layout轴测图isometric drawing分区索引图key plan初版设备布置图（“A”版）preliminary plot plan ( “A”issue)内部审查版设备布置图（“B”版）inrernal approval plot plan ( “B”issue)用户审查版设备布置图（“C”版) owner approval plot plan ( “C”i ssue)确认版设备布置图（“D”版）confirm plot plan ( “D”issue)研究版设备布置图（“e”版）planning plot plan ( “E”issue)设计版设备布置图（“F”）designing plot plan ( “F”issue)施工版设备布置图（“G”版）construction plot plan ( “G”issue)5.4 厂房、站、单元压缩机房compressor house (room)泵房pump house (room)洗眼站eye washer station泡沫站foam station软管站，公用工程站hose station (HS), utility station成套设备package unit设施facilities罐区tank yard空分装置air separation facility5.5 设备布置设备位号equipment item number工厂plant工厂区界plant limit项目区界内侧inside battery limit (I.S.B.L.)项目区界batterylimit (BL)区界area limit区域边界zone iimit界外off site东east (E)西west (W)南south (S)北north (N)上up下down工厂北向plant north真实北向true north道路road小过道cat walk, cat way走道，过道walk way, gangway, access way 污水坑（井）sump pit集水池catch basin沟槽through预留区trough场地future area铺砌区paving area非铺砌区unpaved area碎石铺面gravel paving橡皮铺面rubber paving面积，区域area体积，容积volume (VOL)5.6 管道布置管道设计piping design管道研究piping study走向研究routing study重要管道critical piping地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管网network of pipes管廊pipe rack管沟piping trench管间距line spacing管道跨距line span总管header, manifold旁路by pass排液drain放空vent上升管，垂直管riser导管canduit裸管bare iine管件直截了当fitting to fitting (FTF)管段，接口spool piece, spool取样接口sampling connection集液包drip leg伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热hot-water tracing电伴热electrical tracing夹套管jacketed line, jacketed piping 全夹套的full jacketed平面plan详图detail“”视图X view “X”“”剖视A-A section “A-A”连接图hook up drawing接续图continue on drawing (COD)接续线match line (M.L.)比例scale图例legend符号symbol管口表list of nozzles方位orientation管口方位nozzle orientation定位location相交intersection水平的horizontal垂直的，立式的vertical垂直，正交，垂直的perpendicular 平行，平行的parallel水平安装horizontal installation垂直安装vertical installafion对称的symmetric相反（的），对面（的）opposite顺时针方向clock wise逆时针方向counter clock wise运算机辅助设计computer aided design (CAD)5.7 图面标注绝对标高abselute elevation海平面标高over-sea mean level (OSL)标高，立面elevation (EL)混凝土顶面top of concrete架顶面top of support (TOS)钢结构顶面top of steel梁项面top of beam (TOB)支撑点point of suppon (POS)管顶top of pipe (TOP)管底bouom of pipe (BOP)沟底boaom of trench管子内底invert (inside bottom of pipe)底平flat on bottom (FOB)顶平flat on top (FOT)工作点working point (W.P.)面至面face to face (F-F)中心至端面center to end (C-E)中心至面center to face (C-F)中心至中心，中至中center to center (C-C)坐标coordinate坐标原点origin of coordinate出口中心线center line of discharge入口中心线center line of suction中心线centerline (CL)入口inlet, suction出口outlet, discharge排出口exhaust距离distance5.8 有关专业的专业词汇5.8.1 工艺(1) 图及表流程图flow diagram工艺流程图process flow diagram (PFD)管道及外表流程图piping andinstrument flow diagram (PID)公用工程流程图utility flow diagram (UFD)管线表line list; line schedule命名表；管道表nomenclature设备表equipment list (schedule)(2) 流体fluid空气air外表空气instrument air工艺空气process air低压蒸汽low pressure steam中压蒸汽medium pressure steam高压蒸汽high pressure steam伴热蒸汽tracing steam饱和蒸汽saturated steam过热蒸汽superheated steam氧气oxygen氢气hydrogen氮气nitrogen燃料气fuel gas天然气natural gas火炬气flare gas酸性气sour gas液化石油气liquefired petroleum gas (LPG)氨气ammonia gas冷却水cooling循环水circulating water锅炉给水boiler feed water热水hot water蒸汽冷凝水steam condensate盐水brine工艺水process water化学污水chemical sewage防腐剂corrosion inhibitor重油heavy oil石脑油naphtha燃料油fuel oil润滑油lubricating oil密封油sealing oil冷冻剂refrigerant载热体heating medium溶剂solvent溶液solution母液mother liquor单体monomer聚合物polymer均聚物homopolymer共聚物copolymer工艺液体process liquid工艺气体process gas硫酸sulphuric acid盐酸chlorhydric acid硝酸nitric acid烧碱caustic soda(3) 流体特性fluid characteristics 蒸汽压vapor pressure临界温度critical temperature临界点critical point临界压力critical pressure比热specific heat湿度humidity密度density比重specific gravity粘度viscosity闪点flash point融点melting point凝固点freezing point浓度concentration爆炸极限limit of explosion有毒的toxic可燃的；易燃的flammable (4) 其它回收recovery再生regeneration循环cireulatlon再循环；再生recycle补充make-up制备preparation蒸汽吹扫steaming out吹扫purge抽空；排空evacuation吹出blow-off排污blow down破真空vacuum breaker大气腿barometric leg备用stand-by化学清洗chemical cleaning净正吸入压头net positive suction head (NPSH)进料feed成品product污染contamination大气污染atmospheric pollution环境温度ambient temperature5.8.2 建筑、结构建筑物building钢结构steel structure已有钢结构existing steel structure钢筋混凝土结构reinforced concrete construction 楼面floor平台platform (PF)地面ground level栏杆handrail楼梯stair; stair way直梯ladder柱column; post; stanchion基础foundation; footing粱beam斜撑；支撑bracing桁架；主粱girder构件member隔墙partition wall墙wall篦子板grate; grating吊装孔erection opening吊梁hoisting beam棚shelter窗window天窗skylight门door防火门fire door地漏floor drain防火层fire-proofing总图general plot plan路肩shoulder桩pile灌浆grouting风荷载wind load雪荷载snow load动力荷载dynamic load静荷载dead load活荷载live load风速wind velocity主导风向most frequent wind direction 5.8.3 外表盘（操作盘）panel就地盘local panel外表盘instrument panel常开normally open常闭normally closed电缆槽（架）cable tray (channel); cable rack 外表电缆槽（架）instrument cable tray (duct)压力计manometer; pressure gauge热电偶thermocouple温度计thermometer液位计level gauge玻璃液位计gage glass温度计爱护管thermowell流量计flow meter孔板orifice变送器transmitter联锁interlock仪器；设备apparatus仪器分析instrumental analysis自动分析automatic analysis气体分析gas analysis化学分析chemical analysis气相色谱仪gas chromatograph液相色谱仪liquid chromatograph质谱分析mass spectrometric analysis5.8.4 电气危险区划分hazardous area classification危险区平面图hazardous area plan电气盘electrical panel配电盘switch board电缆沟cable trench电流current直流direct current交流alternating current频率frequency相位phase功率因数power factor电压voltage电阻resistance电容capacitance静电static electricity接地grounding; easthing照明lighting; illumination 避雷针lightning preventer 电线wire接线箱（盒）junction box 导线管conduit tube5.8.5 设备固定鞍座fixed saddle滑动鞍座sliding saddle管口nozzle人孔manhole (MH)手孔handhole (HH)检查孔inspection hole吊柱davit切线tangent line焊接线weldingiine件号part humbet椭圆形封头ellipsoidal head 加大圈reinforcing ring接地板earth lug吊耳lifting lug气缸cylinder轴shaft轴承bearing附件，附属设备accessory编位号设备itemized equipment无位号设备non-itemized equipment 5.8.6 水道(1) 流体原水raw water硬水hard water软水soft water饮用水potable water循环冷却水给水cooling water supply 循环冷却水回水cooling water return 脱盐水demineralized water苦咸水（碱性水）brackish water生活污水sanitary sewer工业废水industrial waste water雨水rain water污染雨水contaminated rain water消防水fire water(2) 装置、设施软化装置softener沉淀器settler沉淀池clarifier脱盐装置demineralizer水处理water traatment冷却塔cooling tower中和池neutralization tank化粪池septic tank渗滤井soak-away pit井well阀井valve pit清扫口clean out（3）消防消火栓hydrant水炮water monitor洒水器sprinkler水喷淋watering灭火器fire extinguisher消防水泵fire pump消防车fire fighting truck泡沫消防foam fire-fighting泡沫栓foam hydrant泡沫炮foam monitor消防软管接头fire hose connection6 管道支吊架Pipe Supports and Hangers 6.1 管架零部件Attachment of Support管托shoe管卡clampU形夹（卡）clevis锻制U形夹forged steel clevis支耳；吊耳lug; ear耳轴trunnion止动挡块shear lug托座stool托架cradle。
Pipeline 和Piping 区别
管道和仪表流程图
Pipeline and Instrument Diagram (P&ID)
管道布置图
piping layout
管道平面布置图
piping plot-plan
石油工程英语中pipeline有管线、管道的意思，piping也有管道、管系的意思，pipeline与piping在上面的举例中似乎是习惯用词，那么是否可以互换呢？
国外设计公司专业分得很细，pipeline和piping是两个专业，可以认为是管道专业和配管专业，这是分工合作不可互换的。
pipeline 多指石油天然气的（长距离）运输管道，piping 指管道系统，多见piping system, plant多指成套设备或整个设施（比如核电
站nuclear power plant, coal fire power plant 火电站），equipment是单一设备的意思，与plant相比范围比较小，体积比较小。
锅炉及压力容器规范对tube, pipe, tubing和piping 这四个名词（术语）的含义是很严密的，适用于不同的场合。
1、tube 是圆形的，或具有连续周边的任何其他截面形状的空心制品。
圆形tube 的尺寸可以用外径、内径、壁厚三者中的任意两个来指定。
2、pipe 是符合ASNI B36.10和B36.19（用于不锈钢）所列公称尺寸的圆形截面的tube , 它的直径用NPS号表示，NPS号与实际外径是不一致的，如NPS8 其外径是8.625 英寸。
管子壁厚用schedule No. 表示，同一NPS号可以有各种Sch. No.。
Sch. No. 有标准壁厚（STD）、加厚壁厚（XS）和特厚壁厚（XXS）之分等等。
因此，tube 和pipe 的基本差别是制造所依据的尺寸标准。
其次pipe 只有圆管，tube 可以有各种截面形状，pipe 只是tube 中的一个特例。
第三，无论tube 还是pipe 都是指材料生产厂生产出的原材料。
3、tubing 是用tube 按PG-27.2.1[外径D≤5in.(127mm)]的计算公式计算后选定直径和厚度，并按设计要求加工（如弯管、开坡口、甚至油漆等）后制成的产品。
我们可以叫它管子件。
4、piping 一般选用pipe 按PG-27.2.2的计算公式计算后选定NPS和Sch. No，并按设计要求加工后制成的产品，我们称作管道，但锅炉制造厂一般将这些管子叫做导管。
tubing 和
piping的区别是.选用的原材料不同，tubing 一般选用tube 加工制造piping 选用pipe 加工制造。
