Tune to “Sand and Sky” —Autumn Thoughts by Ma Zhiyuan Dry vine, old tree, crows at dusk, Low bridge, stream running, cottages, Ancient road, west wind, lean nag, The sun westering, And one with breaking heart at the sky’s edge. (Schlepp译)
2.1翻译和复杂性与丰富性
2.1.1 翻译的分类 A. 语言范畴 B. 处理方式 C. 活动方式
2.2 从翻译的语言媒介看翻译的本质
从语言学角度看翻译的本质: 翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的 思维内容准确而完整地重新表达出来的语言 活动。------张培基 翻译指从语义到文体,用最贴近的自然对等 语在接受语中在现源语信息。------(Nida & Taber)
Catford:
翻译是“用一种等值的语言(译语)的文本材 料去替换另一种语言(原语)的文本材料…… 翻译实践的核心问题就是寻找目的语中的翻译 等值物(translation equivalence) Nida 接受者和译文信息之间的关系,应该与原文接 受者和原信息之间的关系基本相同。
Tune: Tian Jing Sha by Ma zhiyuan Withered vines hanging on old branches, Returning crows croaking at dusk. A few houses hidden past a narrow bridge, And below the bridge quiet creek running. Down a worn path, in the west wind, A lean horse comes plodding. The sun dips down in the west, And the lovesick traveler is still at the end of the world. (丁祖馨、Burton Raffel合译)