高三英语科专项复习(13)反意问句、主谓一致、强调句的用法
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专题⼗特殊句式倒装、强调、主谓⼀致等常考点专题⼗⼀特殊句式(倒装、强调、主谓⼀致等)常考点近⼏年,⾼考中有关特殊句式注重考查知识之间的交叉,因此,也加⼤了在语境中综合考查语法知识的⼒度。
在考查强调句的同时,把定语从句、省略句以及强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句等融合到⼀起,考查学⽣综合把握语法知识的能⼒。
1强调句①构成和判断:“It is/was+被强调的部分(时间状语/地点状语/原因状语/⽅式状语/名词/代词/从句)+that(指⼈可⽤who)+句⼦的其余部分”。
如:It was because he was ill that he was absent.②⼀般疑问句和特殊疑问句的强调句。
如:Was_it on the street that_you met Tom?What_was_it_that made him upset?Do you know what_it_was_that_made_him_upset?[注]强调句型⽤于宾语从句时应⽤陈述语序。
③not until的强调句,其结构为“It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+句⼦剩余部分”。
如:It was not until I came back that he left.④强调谓语⽤“does/do/did+动词原形”。
如:He did come back yesterday.①In my opinion,Mr.White ________ good to his students in his class at present.A. does doesB. does didC. does doD. did do②—What did she want to know,Tom?—She wondered ________ we could complete the experiment.A. when was itB. it was when thatC. it was whenD. when it was that③It was on the farm________ they visited ________ they got to know.A. where;thatB. which;whenC. that;thatD. which;which④—________ that he managed to get the information?—Oh,a friend of his helped him.A. Where was itB. What was itC. How was itD. Why was it⑤It was about 600 years ago ________the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A. thatB. untilC. beforeD. when【答案】①C②D③C④C⑤A2it ⽤法①指代上⽂的同名同物。
一、反意疑问句的一般情况1.当陈述部分的主语是:等everyone, everybody, someone, no one, nobody, somebody合成代词时,附加疑问句的主语非正式文体中往往they用。
(也可以按语法一致原则用单数。
)2.当陈述部分以one不定代词做主语时,附加问句的主语在正式常场用one,非正式场合用he。
3.当陈述部分的主语是不定式、动名词、从句、this或that,附加疑问句的主语用it。
(是those, these 则用they)4.当陈述部分的主语是表示物的不定代词everything, anything, nothing等,附加问句的主语用it。
5.陈述部分带有否定词或半否定词,例如:never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, no, none, no one, rarely, nowhere, nothing, nobody, few, little等,附加疑问句的动词要用肯定形式。
6.如果陈述部分中的否定词仅带有否定的前缀或后缀,那么该陈述句应作肯定句处理,附加疑问句应用否定形式。
二、常见句型的反意疑问句7.当陈述部分是there be 存在句型时,附加疑问句的主语也用there。
8.感叹句的附加疑问句,其谓语要求用否定句。
9.祈使句后面的附加疑问句问题A) 祈使句是否定形式,附加疑问句只能用will you。
B) 祈使句是肯定形式,附加疑问句用肯定、否定均可。
C) Let开头的祈使句要注意:1.Let’s 在意义上包含谈话的对方在内,表示提出建议或征求对方意见,其反意疑问句往往用shall we。
2. Let us 在意义上一般不包含谈话的对方在内,表示请求对方允许做某事的含义,let 有allow的意思。
附加疑问部分用will you。
3. Let me 开头表示请求,附加疑问句用will you,或用may I。
三、复合句的反意疑问句10.当陈述部分是一个(带that引导宾语从句的)主从复合句时,附加疑问句的主谓要和主句的主谓保持对应关系。
2021年高三英语语法专题主谓一致 Word版含答案在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。
寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。
一、就近一致原则1.由or,not only...but also...,neither...nor...,either...or...,whether...or...,not...but...等连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时,通常根据就近一致原则,谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。
Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind.他的父母和我都不能说服他改变主意。
2.here/there引导一个句子而主语又不止一个时,通常根据就近原则,谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。
Here is a ruler,a few pencils and two copybooks.这里有一把尺子、一些铅笔和两本字帖。
二、意义一致原则1.谓语动词必须用单数的情况(1)表示学科的名词以及works(工厂),news(消息)等作主语时,虽然本身为复数形式,但表示单数意义时,谓语动词仍用单数。
Politics is his favorite subject.政治是他最爱的科目。
(2)表示某些组织机构的名词、书/报名、国名、地名等作主语时,虽然形式上是复数,但所表示的意义是单数,所以谓语动词用单数。
Do you know when the United Nations was set up?你知道联合国是什么时候建立的吗?2.谓语动词必须用复数的情况表示总称意义的名词,如people,police,public,cattle等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
The police are searching for the murderer.警察正在搜捕杀人凶手。
高考英语微专题二轮复习讲义高中英语语法主谓一致there be 倒装句强调句用法考点总结讲义主谓一致指主语和谓语之间在“人称”和“数”的方面保持一致主谓一致在不同的情况下,原则各不相同,通常有三种形式:语法一致、意义一致、就近一致✦语法一致主语是单数,谓语也采取单数形式,主语是复数,谓语也采取复数形式This desk is a genuine antique.这个桌子是一个名副其实的古董。
Both parties have their own advantages.双方都有各自的优势。
不定式、动名词以及从句作主语时应该看作单数,谓语动词用单数Reading books is a very good way to study.读书是学习的好方法。
To do this kind of things requires courage.做这种事情需要勇气。
What you have done has been seen.你所做的已经被看到了。
不定代词one、every、each、everybody、everyone、one of、no one、nothing、nobody、somebody、either、neither、many a 等作主语或修饰主语时看作单数,谓语动词用单数Neither of them is guilty.他们两人都无罪。
Every boy and girl shows great interest in English.每个男孩和女孩对英语表现出很大的兴趣。
表示国家、机构、事件、作品等专有名词作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数Gone with the Wind is a good book known to lovers of English.《飘》是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。
China plays an important role in the international affairs.中国在国际事务中起着重要作用。
高三英语主谓一致和强调句、祈使句、倒装句【本讲主要内容】主谓一致和强调句、祈使句、倒装句【知识总结归纳】I. 主谓一致小结:主谓一致就是指英语的句子中,句子的主语和谓语动词在单复数的意义表达上达到一致。
主谓一致在高中英语中是很常见的语法现象。
处理主谓一致有三条原则:(1)语法一致(2)意义一致(3)就近原则1. 谓语采取就近原则:either…or…, n either…nor…, or, not only…but (also)…, 等连接两个主语,谓语采取就近原则,与最靠近的主语一致。
Neither he nor they have been to that valley near the city.Is either he or you going to visit the museum?做主语时,谓语与B一致。
2. “not A but B” 做主语时,谓语与A一致。
“A and not B” Not you but he is the winner of the match.You and not he are the winner of the match.3. and,both…and 连接并列主语,谓语通常用复数。
但是,并列主语如果指同一人,同一事物,或同一概念时,谓语用单数。
The poet and writer has come.A knife and fork is on the dinner table.另外,当and 连接的两个单数名词分别被every, each, no修饰时,谓语仍用单数。
Each boy and each girl wants to see the famous film and get a picture of the film star.4. 单个的动名词短语,不定式短语,主语从句做主语,谓语动词一般用单数;并列的此类结构做主语,谓语用复数。
Seeing is believing.To go to the palace with just a flower is to say, “I’m poor. I haven’t any jewelry.Listening, speaking, reading and writing are all important in learning English.5. 表示金钱,度量,时间,距离,路程等复数名词做主语时,一般把这些复数名词视为一个整体,其后谓语动词用单数。
高考英语强调句用法总结,必备!强调句是高中英语学习过程中常见的一种句型,也是英语学习的重点、难点。
强调句是用来表示强调说话人的意愿和情感。
它只是强调句子的某一个成分,通常强调主语、宾语或者是状语。
那么今天小编结合近几年来的高考题,对强调句的基本用法以及考点进行了全面的归纳和总结,希望对大家的学习能有所启发。
一、强调句基本句型1、强调句的陈述句句型为:It is /was+被强调的部分+that/who引导的从句+原句其他部分。
尼们可以看下面例句来体会理解:2、强调句的一般疑问句型:Is / Was +it+被强调的部分+that/ who/ whom引导的从句+原句其他的部分。
3、强调句的特殊疑问句型:特殊疑问词(When /Where/ Why/ Who/ What/ How )+is/ was +it +that从句+原句的其他部分。
二、需要注意的问题1、无论强调据说强调的主语是单数还是复数,强调句中所用的be动词始终都是is或者是was,如果强调的是将来或者是正在发生的事情或正在进行的动作的时候,只能用is;如果强调过去已经完成的就用was。
2、大家需要记住一点,强调句去掉了it is/ was…+that之后,对于句子的完整性不造成影响,这也是与其他句子区分有一个重要标志。
三、考点归纳1、主谓一致。
在强调主语的时候,that后的谓语动词要与被强调者保持是人称和数的一致,例如:It is I who am a teacher.2、连接词。
在强调状语的时候,无论被强调的部分是表示时间还是地点, 能不能用when或者where,连接词只能用that。
同时要注意与下列句型的区分:3、考查对“not…until…”进行强调,常会使用句型“It is / was… not …until…that…”这个强调句型是高考的高频考点,意思是“不是……而是……”。
4、考查与主语从句,状语从句和定语从句的辨析强调句很容易和名词从句这个句型混淆,如:It is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain…) that…大家要清楚这里的it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。
反意疑问句1) 陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 aren't I.I'm as tall as your sister,aren't I?2) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。
The Swede made no answer, did he / she?Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?3) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?4) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?5) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?6) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
He must be a doctor, isn't he?You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?7) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。
主谓一致及反义疑问句归纳反意疑问句一、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系,即:肯定+否定?否定+肯定?如:’t they? ①You can’t do it, can you? ②They are very late for the meeting, aren二、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。
如:’t he? (不能用hasn’t he?) ①He has supper at home every day, doesn’t they? (不能用don’t they?) ②They have known the matter, haven三、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。
如:’t they?(不能用don’t they?或aren’t they?) ①They will go to town soon, won不能用didn’t he?或won’t he?) ②He works very hard, doesn’t he?(不能用四、反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时,陈述部分要视为肯定含义,问句部分用否定形式。
如:不能用is he?) ①Your father is unhappy, isn’t he?(不能用②The man is dishonest, isn’t he? (不能用is he?) ’t it?(不③It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn能用is it ?) 五、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时,问句部分用肯定式。
如:不用doesn’t she?) ①She never tells a lie, does she?(不用wasn’t he?) ②He was seldom late, was he?(?表六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时,问句部分习惯上用aren’t I表示。
高三英语科专项复习(13)反意疑问句、主谓一致、强调句的用法1. The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, _____?A. did theyB. didn’t theyC. did itD. didn’t it2. _____ of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth; is B Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are3. You never told us why your son applied to Fudan University, _____?A. did heB. didn’t heC. did youD. didn’t you4. The Smith’s family, which _____ rather a large one, _____ ve ry fond of their old house.A. were; wereB. was; wereC. were; wasD. was; was5. Can it be in the classroom _____ you left your keys?A. thatB. whereC. whenD. in which6. The rest of the crew of ship _____ going to come back home.A. has not beenB. have not beenC. is notD. are not7. Kate, you water the flowers now, _____?But I watered them yesterday evening.A. do youB. don’t youC. will youD. didn’t you8. Recently the number of the travellers who _____ China _____ increased.A. visits; haveB. visit; isC. visit; hasD. visits; are9. I’m sure what he said at the meeting was true, _____?A. amn’t IB. didn’t heC. wasn’t itD. it is10. It is from earliest times _____ man has studied the world around him with interest.A. thatB. by whichC. whenD. since11. When I tried to find _____ that prevents so many people from taking part in the program, it seems to me that there are two main causes.A. why it doesB. what it doesC. what it isD. why it is12. I told you that you shouldn’t waste your time playing the computer games, _____?A. didn’t IB. did IC. should ID. shouldn’t you13. The poor _____ helped by government programs, _____?A. is; isn’t itB. is; isn’t heC. are; aren’t theyD. are; haven’t they14. Tom, you must do as you’re told to.Oh, I must, _____ I?A. mightB. shouldC. needn’tD. mayn’t15. Was it because it rained last night _____ you didn’t come?A. soB. thatC. whenD. why16. Was it two months ago _____ you luckily got an opportunity to spend your holiday in Spain?_____. John was the lucky dog.A. when; Not IB. when; Not reallyC. that; Not meD. that; Not at all17. _____ the people have become masters of their own country _____ science can really serve the people.A. It is only then; thatB. It was that; whenC. It is only when; thatD. It was when; then18. Has everyone in our class passed the driving test?No, _____ only Yang Pei and I who _____ passed it.A. it was; hadB. there is; haveC. it is; haveD. it is; has19. I’m afraid nobody but his parents or Jim, his best friend, _____ the secret.A. are going to tellB. has been toldC. has toldD. have been told20. The girl asked if it was after he married Mary _____ Mr Green jointed the army.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where21. _____ you got to know my telephone number?Through a friend of yours.A. How was itB. What was itC. How was it thatD. What was it that22. I’ve already forgotten _____ you put the dictionary.A. that it was whereB. where it was thatC. where was it thatD. what was it where23. 30% of the cattle _____ thin, but the rest _____ fat.A. are; areB. is; isC. is; areD. are; is24. I don’t think he could have done such a stupid thing last night, _____?A. do IB. could heC. did heD. has he25. Be sure to get there on time, _____ you?Of course, we _____.A. will; willB. won’t; shallC. don’t; doD. can; must26. Were all these people in the bus injured in the accident?No, _____ only three passengers who got hurt.A. it wasB. there wasC. they wereD. there had27. You mustn’t speak to your mother like that, _____ you?A. shouldB. mustC. mayD. dare28. Have a cup of tea, ____?Thank you.A. can youB. won’t youC. don’t youD. haven’t you29. Either you or the headmaster _____ the prizes for these gifted students at the meeting.A. is handing inB. are to hand outC. are handing inD. is to hand out30. He seldom has lunch at school, _____?_____.A. does he; No, but he didB. does he; No, he hasn’tC. has he; Yes, he hasD. hasn’t he; Yes, he doesn’t31. Was it in 1969 _____ the American astronaut succeeded _____ landing on the moon?Quite right.A. when; onB. that; onC. when; inD. that; in32. What color is it _____ you have painted your house?A. whatB. whereC. whichD. that33. Lucy, you wash the dishes, _______?Mom, can’t Lily do it? It’s her turn.A. don’t youB. could youC. shall youD. will you34. E-mail, as well as telephones _____ an important part in daily communication.A. is being playedB. are playingC. have playedD. is playing35. I don’t remember how many years ago _____ I last showed you round the farm.A. it was thatB. was it thatC. it was whenD. was it when36. Our class _____ all fond of singing English songs and we can sing _____ than others.A. is; many moreB. are; many moreC. is; much moreD. are; much more37. Boys at the back, you don’t talk to each other, _____?A. will youB. do youC. do theyD. don’t you38. One or two days _____ quite enough to complete the work. _____ you or he going to work with me?A. is; IsB. is; AreC. are; IsD. are; Are39. It was not until the end of the meeting _____.A. that she turned upB. when she turned upC. did she turn upD. had she turned up40. It’s the second time that he has been here, _____?A. hasn’t heB. isn’t heC. isn’t it D hasn’t it41. He must have told you about it last night, _____?A. mustn’t heB. hasn’t heC. haven’t heD. didn’t he42. I think that he must be looking up the information in the library, _____?A. isn’t heB. don’t IC. do youD. mustn’t he43. The worker and poet _____ to the party the other day.A. is invitedB. was invitedC. had invitedD. invited44. It was Mike and Peter who _____ the reading-room this time yesterday.A. was cleaningB. were cleaningC. cleanedD. had cleaned45. The father, rather than the brothers, _____ great efforts to fight against the floods at that time.A. was makingB. were makingC. was doingD. were doing46. My trousers _____ being washed. What’s worse, this pair of trousers bought yesterday _____ too short for me.A. are; isB. is; isC. is; areD. are; are47. Books of this kind _____ well.A. sellsB. sellC. are soldD. is sold48. Mr Clinton, together with his wife and daughter, _____ going to Japan next week.A. areB. isC. will beD. would be49. Not the teacher but the students _____ excited.A. isB. hasC. areD. have50. Have you heard about the new school?No, when and where to build the new none _____ yet.A. is not decidedB. aren’t decidedC. hasn’t decidedD. haven’t been decided。