上海牛津版高二上册英语unit5 virtual realityreading教案 S2A

得夺市安庆阳光实验学校Chapter 6 Virtual reality （II）一周强化一、考纲词汇讲解1．realistic adj. 现实的，注重实际的，实际可行的e.g.They were much more realistic about its long term commercial prospects.他们对它的长远商业前景更为现实。

a realistic person, attitude 实事求是的人、态度realistic theatre 现实主义戏剧2．fantasy n. [U][C]（1）空想；幻想；梦想e.g.George lives in a world of fantasy.乔治整天生活在幻想的世界中。

（2）空想的产物；幻想作品e.g.The whole story is a fantasy.这整个故事只是一个虚构。

The young man lives in a world of fantasy.这个年青人生活在幻想的世界里。

3．medium n. [C]（1）中间；中庸；适中e.g.There is a medium in all things.凡事都有中庸之道。

（2）媒介物，媒体；传导体[（+for）] media （pl.）e.g.Air is a medium for sound.空气是声音的传播媒介。

（3）手段，工具[（+of）]e.g.English is not the usual medium of instruction in our school.英语不是我校通常使用的教学语言。

（4）新闻媒介，传播媒介e.g.A good deal of adult education is accomplished by the mass media.成人教育的相当一部分是由大众传播媒介完成的。

（5）（艺术创作所用的）材料；（艺术的）表现方法e.g.Water color is an extremely difficult medium to work with.水彩画是一种极难掌握的绘画手法。

得夺市安庆阳光实验学校Chapter 6 Virtual reality （I）一周强化一、考纲词汇讲解1．glide v.（1）滑动，滑行e.g.The snake glided smoothly towards its prey.那条蛇轻快地向猎物游去。

You can relax and watch the magnificent landscapes glide by.你可以悠然自得，观赏眼前掠过的美景。

（2）滑翔；乘滑翔机飞行e.g.The pilot manages to glide down to a safe landing.驾驶员设法使飞机滑行下降安全着陆。

（3）（时间等）悄悄地消逝[（+by/on）]e.g.The years glided past.时光一年一年地悄然流逝。

（4）悄悄地走；（事情）渐变e.g.The girl glided from the house.女孩悄悄地离开了家。

He glides away from the classroom.他溜出教室。

2．harbor （1）n. [C][U] 港湾，海港e.g.During the gale the ships stayed in the harbor.刮大风时船只停泊在港内。

（2）vt. 庇护；藏匿；收养（动物等）e.g.He is accused of harboring an escaped convict.他被指控窝藏逃犯。

Crabs harbor in holes.蟹躲藏在洞里。

（3）vt. 心怀，怀有e.g.He harbours a wish to be a world championship. （喻）他内心怀有当一名世界冠的愿望。

3．virtual adj. 事实上的，实际上的，实质上的e.g.He is in a state of virtual slavery.他实际上处于一种被奴役的状态。

Unit5 Virtual RealityGrammar教案一、章节分析（一）综述本章节涉及两个语法项目的学习---将来时的总结运用和连词的总结。

运用这两个语法项目，前者要侧重实际运用，后者要侧重连词的分辨和运用。

（二）教学方法自由会话加归纳法。

（通过对于课文和日常生活的谈论，让学生觉得，英语语法就在我们的日常生活中，克服畏难情绪。

）（四）重点和难点将来时的教学重点在于鼓励学生在不同的语境下运用将来时态。

而对比连词的教学重点在于帮助学生分辨总结附加连词和对比连词的不同用法，并在语境中运用；同时，教师不妨帮助学生复习其他的连词用法。

二、教学设计（Teaching Designs）[链接1]1. Would you like a cup of coffee _____ shall we get down to business right away?A. andB. thenC. orD. otherwise2. _____ you are invited, you should go to the party.A. BecauseB. ForC. SinceD. While3. We must get up early tomorrow, ______ we’ll miss the first bus to the Great Wall.A. soB. orC. howeverD. but4. One more week, _____ we will accomplish the task.A. orB. so thatC. andD. if5. They were surprised that a child should work out the problem _____ they themselves couldn’t.A. whileB. andC. orD. when6. The manager of this company is very busy _____ he spared us two hours.A. andB. soC. orD. but7. Pay great attention to me _____ you’ll fail in the experiment.A. orB. becauseC. andD. but8. Though it rained heavily _____ we went on walking.A. butB. soC. andD. yet9. Don’t be afraid of asking for help _____ it is needed.A. unlessB. sinceC. althoughD. when10. He heard a cry for help, ____ he rushed out of the house.A. forB. butC. orD. and11. Mr Tad must have eaten a lot of food, ____ he is so fat.A. orB. forC. sinceD. because12. Porcelain is not a single clay, _____ a compound of kaolin, ball clay, feldspar, and silica.A. andB. soC. butD. otherwise13. ____ I admit that there are still some problems about the surroundings here, I don’t mean thatthey can’t be solved.A. UntilB. WhileC. AsD. Unless14. She thought I was talking about her son, ____ in fact I was talking about my daughter.A. whomB. whereC. whichD. while15. Although tigers are often trained, they cannot be easily tamed ____ caught very young.A. ifB. unlessC. whenD. thoughKey:1. C2. C3. B4. C5. A6. D7. A8. D9. D 10. D 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B。

闵行二中2013级S2A学案S2A Unit 5Reading --- Virtual RealityI.Fill in the blanks.Only 50 years ago, computers were bigger than people. Today, people can carry their laptops with them anywhere they go. Soon, we may be able to step inside a computer world thanks to the magic of virtual reality.What is virtual reality, or VR? If something is virtual, then it is created by computer technology and appears as if it were real. Virtual reality is a computer system with a special headset. When you put on the headset, you look at two tiny television screens. They are so close to your eyes that your mind will see the image as one picture, and you will believe that you have entered a different world. In many systems, you also wear a special data glove. With this glove you can reach out and touch things in the artificial world.The first VR games, already sold round the world, enable you to drive a sports car, fly a plane, or fight an enemy. In the future, it may be difficult to distinguish the virtual world of the games from the real world outside.However, VR is not just for entertainment. One day, delighted children will be able to learn geography by observing exciting foreign countries without having to leave their classroom. They will be thrilled to learn history by visiting the pyramids of Egypt, or by hand-feeding friendly dinosaurs.In addition, business will be able to use VR for many tasks. Cars designed using computers can be tested as virtual machines first, before they are manufactured in metal. Architects will be able to make virtual buildings, which they can walk around and inspect before constructing. VR can help us in hundreds of ways.Despite this, concerned critics have warned that there could be dangers in this powerful new medium. Will we have VR games in which people can commit virtual crimes? After people get used to VR, will they want to return to reality? Will we forget how to live and work with real people?On the other hand, some people think that VR will help us improve the world. By experimenting harmlessly inside a VR world, we will be able to see the dangers we may face in the future. Then we will be able to avoid them in real life.No doubt there will be some problems with VR, as there are with all new inventions. However, one thing is for sure: VR is here to stay. Get ready to step into another world.II.Fill in the blanks.1.One day, delighted children will be able to learn geography by observing exciting foreign countries without having to leavetheir classroom.2.The first VR games, already sold round the world, enable you to drive a sports car, fly a plane, or fight an enemy.3.The first VR games, are already sold round the world, enabling you to drive a sports car, fly a plane, or fight an enemy.4.Cars designed using computers can be tested as virtual machines first, before they are manufactured in metal.5.Architects will be able to make virtual buildings, which they can walk around and inspect before constructing.6.Despite this, concerned critics have warned that there could be dangers in this powerful new medium.7.Wherever they go, people can carry their laptops with them.8.Putting on the headset, you can look at two tiny television screens.9.Having got used to VR, it will be difficult for them to return to reality10.Located in convenient places, supermarket can attract customers and make more profits.11.Goods ranging from metal to clothes can meet the needs of customers of all walks.12.The stern expression on his face suggested that he was not satisfied with our performance.III.Learn to use these words.concern; concerned1.Don’t get involved in what doesn’t concern you. ___________________ 意义__与------相关___2.There is no need to concern about this matter.______________________ _______________3.The loss was a tragedy for all the people concerned.__________________ _______________4.Concerned parents can’t wait to attend the meeting held by the school.__________________ ________________5.We are all concerned about/ for her safety.__________________ _______________________6.Guides are concerned that the travelers may get lost._________________ _______________7.As/ So far as I am concerned, nothing is more important than health and happiness.___________________ ________Face; be faced with; in the face of1.I prefer the room whose windows face south. ______________ 意义____________________2.We face many problems now. _____________________ ____________________3.The organization is faced with financial problems now.______________ ____________________4.In the face of difficulties, we should have confidence in ourselves.___________________ ________________毫无疑问，当我们面对困难时抱怨只是浪费时间。

Unit 5 Technology All Around UsPeriod 1 Reading: Virtual Reality Teaching Aims:★Knowledge Aims: Know about technological products★Ability Aims: To show one’s opinion on technology★Emotion Aims: To be aware of the effects and influences of technology on people’s daily life Teaching key and difficult points:1.To be familiar with the technological products and be aware of their influences2.Summarize the text and get the main ideaTeaching Aids: computer, PPTTeaching Procedures:Period 2 Language Points of Reading(1)Teaching Aims:★Knowledge Aims: Learn the phrases and new words.★Ability Aims: To master the use of new words and phrases; to fully understand the text and use of past participle phrases used as attributives★Emotion Aims: To cultivate right attitude towards virtual realityDifficult points: generalize the text and master past participle phrases used as attributivesTeaching aids: PPT, textbookUnit 5 period3 Language pointsTeaching Aims:★Knowledge Aims: Learn the phrases and new words.★Ability Aims: To master the use of new words and phrases; to fully understand the text and use of past participle phrases used as attributives★Emotion Aims: To cultivate right attitude towards virtual realityDifficult points: generalize the text and master past participle phrases used as attributives Teaching aids: PPT, textbookUnit 5 Listening Teaching Aims: 1. to be able to pick out relevant information2. to train the listening skills by listening，especially catch numbers statisticsUnit5 Period5 More ReadingTeaching Aims:Knowledge Aims: Know about the useful expressions.Ability Aims: To use the useful expressions freely and learn how technology is used in people’s daily life.Unit 5 Period 6 Language Points in more readingTeaching Aims:Knowledge Aims: Know about the useful expressions.Ability Aims: To use the useful expressions freely and learn how learn how technology is used in people’s daily life.Emotion Aims: Try to cultivate right attitude towards technology.Unit5 Period 7 GrammarTeaching Aims: 1. to learn past participle phrases used as attributives before and after nouns2. Comparing past and present participles as adjectives3. To understand under what condition should present and past participle phrases be used?Unit 5 Period 8 GrammarTeaching Aims: 1. to learn past participle phrases used as attributives before and after nouns2. Comparing past and present participles as adjectives3. To understand under what condition should present and past participlephrases be usedPeriod 9 WritingTeaching Aims: 1. to learn to write a brochure2. to train the writing skills by learning to write a brochure3. to arouse students’ desire tointroduce sth vividly and lively.。

上海牛津英语高二上第一学期全部课文HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】S2A Chapter 1Reading My favorite sportSkiing is my favorite sport, even though I have only skied for four days in my whole life. Last year, my father promised to take me on a holiday if I did well in my exams. When I got straight A’s, Dad said’ ‘How about a weekend at the Botanical Gardens? ’However, my mu said, ‘No, you promised a special holiday. I think you ought to keep your word.’ And, despite the expense, he did,M y dream was to see some real snow, so in the Christmas vacation we flew to Seoul, South Korea, and then took a shuttle bus which runs back and forth between Seoul and Muju Resort. As the bus climbed through the mountains, we saw the snow in the trees. I was dying to get out of the bus.No one in my family had ever touched snow before. We were all like little children--- we picked it up, made snowballs, and threw them at each other!Then we checked in at the hotel. Our room overlooked one of the ski slopes. The slope was floodlit, so we watched people skiing until 10 . We could not wait to try it ourselves.The next day we had our first skiing lesson. We rented our ski suits, boots ad skis, and went outside onto the snow. Wearing skis for the first time makes you feel very strange. Suddenly you find you cannot even walk.Our instructor took us onto a gentle slope, and showed us some basic skills. In order to do up a hill, you have to stand sideways, and go up step by step. You must point the tips of your skis together so that you can stop. However, the tips must not cross, or you will fall. You should not ski alone in case you fall and get injured. To be honest, that first lesson was not a great success, and I kept falling down!However, the next day I definitely improved. I only fell over a few times, and I managed to do a few longer runs. I felt pleased with myself, and the instructor congratulated me, so I felt great. Although it was very cold, I spent most of that holiday skiing. It was the most wonderful time of my life. Nevertheless, it was all over too soon. Now I have decided to work part-time this summer, so I can earn enough money for another super skiing holiday.More reading Faster, Higher, StrongerThe Olympic Games have a long history. The first modern Games were held in Athens, Greece in 1896. Every four years,athletics from all over the world compete in various sports at the Games. The largest group participates in athletics.‘Athletics’ refers to sports in fou r areas: track, field,road and combined events. Track events, such as running and hurdling, test a person’s speed. In order to win a track event, a person needs to go faster than everyone else. Field events, however, test how high or far someone can jump in events suchas the long jump or high jump. They also test how far someonecan throw in events such as the shot-put, discus or javelin.The marathon and race walks are road events. They test endurance. In combined events, athletes are required to compete in a series of competition from each category. The most famous combined event is the decathlon. The decathlon involves ten different athletics events that take place over two days. Since the decathlon involves ten different athletics events that take place over two days. Since the decathlon tests all-around physical ability, the winner of the decathlon is often called‘the world‘s greatest athlete.’Although all Olympic sports are equal in importance, athletics is, in many ways, the best picture of the Olympic motto‘Faster, Higher, Stronger”. The desire of humanity to dobetter---to run faster, to soar higher and to push farther---is what the Olympics are all about.Chapter 2Reading Tutorial centresHelpfulI have been studying at a tutorial centre for two years. Thefees are very reasonable, and my command of English hasimproved greatly since I started.My tutors are all qualified teachers. They are sincere and kind.I have been helped a lot by them.One of my teachers was British. At first, I could not say anything to her. However, later I learnt how to communicate in English with a westerner.I think that the tutorial centre has given me a lot ofconfidence in using English.I go to sleepI have been attending a tutorial centre for two months. I have been forced to attend by my parents, but I do not think it is useful for me.I am always very tired after school. Sometimes I even sleep during the classes in the evening.Furthermore, the teachers are very boring. They give us a lotof supplementary exercises but they teach us nothing. I usually read comics during class. Sometimes I go to a video arcade instead. I think tutorial centres are uselessWaste of moneyI have studied at a tutorial centre for one year. However, I think that I have been cheated.These tutorial centres are only interested in making money, so they accept too many students for each class. However, they do not want to pay for good teachers. My English teacher was a university student who studied physics, not English!Very often, he could not answer our questions about the use of the language.In my opinion, it is better to spend more time on school work than to waste money at a ‘money-making’ tutorial centre.Good and badI have experienced both good and bad tutorial centres.In my first centre, I was in a very big class. My teacher wasan Australian. He just talked about his travels. I could learn nothing from him. I left within a month.Then I ask all my friends for their advice. As a result oftheir recommendations, I enrolled on a course at another centre. The teachers are excellent here and the classes are small. We have been taught many good techniques for developing our language and studying skills.There are both good and bad tutorial centres, so you must do some detective work before you enroll.However, the most important thing is whether you are willing to learn and to work hard. The key factor is yourself. ?More reading Independent learningIndependent learning is one solution for those who want to continue their education, nut have no time for it. It is often described as ‘a class of one’, because you work alone. You study at your own pace, at a time and place convenient for you. These courses can help you get a degree, help your career, or help you learn what interests you.One type of independent learning is the correspondence course, In a correspondence course, a school sends you textbooks, study guides, and materials such as video and audio discs. You communicate with your teacher by mail. Your teacher reads your papers and makes comments, Your marks are recorded by the school before they are mailed back to you.A newer style of independent learning is e-learning. With e-learning, you study using computer software or the Internet. You can learn on your own, or you can enroll on a course. Usually, in an e-learning course, students communicate with their teachers through e-mail. However, some students have been using video recently. This allows the teacher and the students to see and communicate with each other at the same time.Independent learning gives you the freedom to adapt yourlearning to your lifestyle. However, it requires self-discipline and hard work, so not everyone is successful at it. Those who are successful receive a real sense of achievementand satisfaction.Chapter 3Reading FashionMy topic is ‘Fashion’. Fashion is important to almost all of us. By fashion, we usually mean popular trends in styles of dress. When we do out or to a party, we usually like to wear fashionable clothes. To illustrate my talk, I have broughtalong five objects.My first object is this blouse. It looks beautiful, doesn’t it? It’s my most expensive piece of clothing, and I love it. Itcost me $200. It may seem very extravagant, but I could affordit with my own savings. It wasn’t ea sy for me to earn the money, but when buying clothes, I think the more you spend the better the quality. So you see, fashion is quite important to me.However, I’m not as keen on fashion as my brother Gary. Last summer, he won a free trip to London in a contest. Theorganizers wanted to show him some famous sights. But hedidn’t appreciate old buildings. He just spent all his timesearching for the coolest pair of trainers! For him, fashionwas more important than culture. These are the trainers he bought. Was it worth a trip to London to buy these? Well, I don’t think so. It was a waste of time and money.Fashion is very big business. Changes in fashion can create or ruin jobs. As an example, I have brought this blonde wig toshow you. It belongs to one of my mum’s friends. In the 1960s, these were very fashionable. But a few years later fashions changed, and women wore wigs much less often. Many wigfactories closed down, and hundreds of workers lost their jobs, which was terrible!Fashion can affect the na tural world, as well. I’m holding an old hat borrowed from a drama company. It’s made of beaver fur. These hats were very fashionable about 200 years ago. As a result, beavers almost became extinct. Luckily, in the 1850s, these hats went out of style and the beavers were saved.Finally, we should remember the saying,’ never judge a book by its cover.’ Clothes will not make us more or less clever,better or worse, more or less honest. I once saw a movie about Mother Teresa. She spent all her life helping poor people in India, most of whom were dying. In 1979, she was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. When she flew to get the award, she wore the same old clothes as usual, and carried all her possessionsin a little bag like this, which I bought in a market. This reminds us that fashion is not the most important thing in life. Thank you.More reading Uniform fashion good for young students School uniforms are not part of the traditional way of life in the USA. In 1987, Cherry Hill Elementary, which is in the Maryland, went against tradition by becoming the first public school in the USA to make students wear uniforms. The schooldid this to reduce trouble caused by the students’ love of fashion. Since this new programme has proved to be a good wayto promote safety and discipline, other schools soon followed. By 2000, 12 pert cent of American public schools requiredschool uniforms.The introduction of school uniforms has helped reduce school violence. Much of school violence is linked to the wearing of gang colours, which are the clothes worn by different youth gangs. In schools with youth gangs, the number of fights decreased by 40 per cent after uniforms wre introduced.Uniforms also send a message that students are at school to study, not to play. They reduce peer pressure and create school pride. These things help raise the academic level of the students.Although school uniforms are popular in some areas, this newtren has met strong resistance from many parents, some of whom angrily complain that uniforms keep students from showing their individuality. A few parents have even gone too curt to stop school uniforms from being introduced. For this reason, it is unlikely that uniforms will ever be adopted nationwade.Chapter 4Reading The hamburger businessIn 1954, an American businessman called Ray Kroc was selling milkshake machines. One small drive-in hamburger stand in California bought not one but eight of these expensive machines. Surprised by this Kroc decided to go and visit it.Arriving before the hamburger stand opened, Kroc sat in his car and watched. A team of young people in uniforms appeared and started cleaning the stand and its car park, making everything neat and tidy. When opened for business, the hamburger standwas immediately filled with customers. The staff were cheerful, fast and polite. The food was excellent. Impressed by the cleanliness, service and food, Kroc looked up at the name over the hamburger stand. It read, ‘McDonald’s Hamburgers’. Although started six years earlier, in 1948, McDonald’s wasstill a small business owned by two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald. Kroc suggested that they should set up more outlets,but the brothers were happy with their life and did not want to expand further. However, they did allow Kroc to launch other branches of McDonald’s for them. That was the start of the biggest fat-food company in history.In 1955, Kroc opened his first McDonald’s near Chicago, and many more swiftly followed. In 1959, the 100th McDonald’s was opened. In 1961, Kroc took over complete ownership of the business from the brothers by paying them US $ million.By 1972, a new McDonald’s was being opened every day, and by 1974 there were over 3,000 restaurants. McDonald’s came to Hong Kong in 1975, and was introduced into Shenzhen in1990. Two years later, the first McDonald’s in Beijing opened with more than 40,000 customers on its first day.Why has McDonald’s been so successful? Back in 1956, McDonald’s adopted the motto ‘Q. S. C. &V.’ These letters stand for’ Quality, Service, Cleanliness and Value’. In all of these areas, McDonald’s pay great attention to detail.For example, after years of planning, McDonald’s established its largest ever restaurant in Moscow in1990. To achieve the right quality, potatoes are imported into Russia, and farmers are taught how to farm them properly, as well as how to harvest and pack them.To achieve good service, McDonald’s has one of the best training programmes in the world. It even has seven Hamburger Universities (one in Hong Kong) where top personnel can learn management and customer service skills.By 2005, McDonald’s had over 30,000 outlets in 119 countries and regions. It sells more than 100 hamburgers every second of the day. While it does not yet have a restaurant on the Moon, no doubt a plan is already being made for one.More reading The rise of chain stores in ChinaDuring the last few years, the number of chain stores has greatly increased in big cities in China. Nowadays, within a short walk along a busy street, you are likely to find a chain store of some kind---a fast food restaurant, a bakery or a convenience store.Chain stores have become part of people’s daily lives. They may pop into a BreadTalk to buy a sweet roll for breakfast on their way to work. They may visit a Lianhua Supermarket in the evening to buy some food for dinner,\For a birthday, they might celebrate with friends at a Little Sheep Hotpot Restaurant. At the weekend they may go to GoMe Appliances to buy a DVD or MP3 player. Chain stores have become so popular that some people include them as a factor when deciding where to live.Why have chain stores grown so fast in number and influence? Meeting the customers’ needs is the answer. Opened inconvenient locations, the stores are usually next door to people’s homes and cl ose to bus stops or underground stations. They offer a wide range of products in a clean, well-lit and relaxing environment. Every store in a chain operates in the same way as the others do. That way, everyone knows what to expect in case they shop there. The prices are reasonable too.It seems that chain stores are a welcome development in China. They are certainly a new force changing people’s way of life. Chapter 5Reading Virtual realityOnly 50 years ago, computers were bigger than people. Today, people can carry their laptops with them anywhere they go. Soon, we may be able to step inside a computer world thanks to the magic of virtual reality.What is virtual reality, or VR? If something is virtual, thenit is created by computer technology and appears as if it were real. Virtual reality is a computer system with a special headset. When you put on the headset, you look at two tiny television screens. They are so close to your eyes that your mind will see the image as one picture, and you will believethat you have entered a different world. In many systems, youalso wear a special data glove. With this glove you can reach out and touch things in the artificial world.The first VR games, already sold round the world, enable you to drive a sports car, fly a plane, or fight an enemy. In the future, it may be difficult to distinguish the virtual world of the games from the real world outside.However, VR is not just for entertainment. One day, delighted children will be able to learn geography by observing exciting foreign countries without having to leave their classroom. They will be thrilled to learn history by visiting the pyramids of Egypt, or by hand-feeding friendly dinosaurs.In addition, business will be able to use VR for many tasks. Cars designed using computers can be tested as virtual machines first, before they are manufactures in metal. Architects will be able to make virtual buildings, which they can walk around and inspect before constructing. VR can help us in hundreds of ways.Despite this, concerned critics have warned that there could be dangers in this powerful new medium. Will we have VR games in which people can commit virtual crimes? After people get used to VR, will they want to return to reality? Will we forget how to live and work with real people?On the other hand, some people think that VR will help us improve the world. By experimenting harmlessly inside a VR world, we will be able to see the dangers we may face in the future. Then we will be able to avoid them in real life.No doubt there will be some problems with VR, as there are with all new inventions. However, one thing is for sure: VR is here to stay. Get ready to step into another world!More reading Wearable technology????????????Did you know that some technology can be worn?In fact, wearable technology has been around for some time. The first people to experiment with the idea were managers of sports teams. They wanted to know how athletes could use technology to improve their performance. Special vests, created to monitor an athlete’s body, can measure how fast the heart is beating and how hard the athlete is breathing. Scientists have also developed ‘cooling’ vests to help athletes perform better in difficult conditions, such as hot weather. Furthermore, an American company is currently researching clothes for soldiers to help them run faster, jump higher and lift heavier equipment.Before long, we will have technology in our everyday clothing.A computer hidden in a coat could be operated by a keyboard on one of the sleeves.Electronic sunglasses could show us maps of where we are standing and point us in the direction that we want to go. Our clothes could also monitor our bodies. They could tell us when we need to eat certain foods, take medicine or rest in order to stay healthy.There is only one problem with clothes like these: They may be difficult to wash. Electricity and water do not mix! You could remove the electronic parts before washing, but putting them back in again could take hours. Designers are now building small wires into the fabric of the clothing to solve this problem.These clothes could appear in shops any day now. Soon, we could all be wearing electronic clothes.Chapter 6Reading Transforming MarsEver since the beginning of history, people have dreamt of interplanetary travel. For centuries, these dreams have always remained dreams. However, scientists now want to make these dreams come true. They are planning to transform Mars so that humans can live there. Within 30 years, the first people will land on Mars and, by the year 2185, we will have established cities.In many ways, Mars is the planet most similar to Earth. AMartian day lasts about 24 1/2 hours (although a year has 687 days). While there is no water, there is a lot of ice in thetwo polar ice caps. The average temperature is -60℃.The plan involves changing Mars so that it becomes more like Earth. This means using the ‘greenhouse effect’ (which we are trying to stop on Earth). The suggested programme would havefive main stages.Stage 1 (AD 2030-2045).The first expedition arrives on Mars, after a journey by spacecraft of about six months. The members construct underground buildings, conduct experiments, look for good sites for future landings, and also check for signs of life. They can survive only as long as they wear spacesuits, because 95 percent of the atmosphere is carbon dioxide. Nonetheless, the low gravity (one-third of Earth’s) means they can move around easily.Stage 2 (AD 2045-2095)More expeditions arrive. Huge mirrors are put in orbit round Mars to heat the polar ice caps. The ice caps are sprayed black, so that they do not reflect the heat away. Chemicals arereleased into the air. As a result, the atmosphere becomesthicker and retains more of the Sun’s heat. If the greenhouseeffect can be started, the ice caps will melt, releasing water vapour, and the temperature will rise to -40℃.Stage 3 (AD 2095-2130)Next, plants are introduced from Earth. If these plants can survive on Mars, carbon dioxide can be converted into oxygen. The first clouds appear, and the sky slowly turns from pink to blue. The temperature goes to -15℃.Stage 4 (AD 2130-2145)The warming continues, melting more ice. Rivers and smalloceans are made. More people migrate from Earth and construct towns. Forests of trees are planted. Mars is looking greener. The temperature is 0℃.Stage 5 (AD 2145-2185)Mars is getting more like Earth. The amount of oxygen in theair rises, and the air becomes breathable. The inhabitants cango outside without spacesuits. The temperature reaches10℃.(Since Mars is 228 million kilometers from the Sun, it can never be as warm as Earth) Cities, farms and industries arebuilt all over Mars. The transformation is complete.More reading Chinese manned space flightsChinese people have always dreamt of flying to space. Around AD 1500, a man named Wan Hu made the first attempt at space flight. He sat down in his chair, tried 47 rockets to it, and then litthem. There was a big boom. When the smoke cleared, Wan Hu was gone. The people watching might have thought that he was successful. However, we know now that his rockets were not powerful enough to send him into space. He most likely was consumed in the explosion.Jumping ahead nearly 500 years, in 1992 China began its manned space programme, leading to the space flight of Yang Liwei, China’s first astronaut, in Shenzhou 5 on 15 Oc tober 2003. China became the third country, after the USA and Russia, to send a man into space. Yang Liwei spent only about 21hours in space. This time was beaten by China’s next manned space flight, Shenzhou 6, which began on 12 October this flight, Chinese astronauts Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng spent five days orbiting Earth.In the future, China plans to have its own manned space station orbiting Earth. China is also developing a programme, named Chang’e after the story of a beautiful young girl who fl oated to the Moon, of missions leading to a lunar station. Chinese scientists are already researching on the idea of sending women into space. If China sends a woman to the Moon, the story of Chang’e will no longer be so difficult to believe。