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爱伦坡文学天才的离奇生平爱伦坡（Edgar Allan Poe）被誉为美国文学史上最伟大的恐怖小说家和侦探小说之父。
他的作品充满了惊悚、恐怖和神秘，给读者带来了前所未有的阅读体验。
然而，他的一生同样充满了离奇的经历和悲惨的命运。
爱伦坡于1809年1月19日出生在美国波士顿。
他的父亲是一名戏剧演员，母亲则是一名歌手。
不幸的是，在爱伦坡出生后不久，他们的父母双双去世，使得他与他的兄弟姐妹们成为孤儿。
爱伦坡被约翰·艾伯特·艾伦（John Allan）夫妇收养，因此他的名字中带有“伦”字。
在艾伯特家庭的养育下，爱伦坡接受了较好的教育。
然而，他与养父的关系并不和睦。
养父对他的额外课业要求很高，但却不给予他足够的经济支持。
这使得爱伦坡不得不放弃他的大学学业。
为了摆脱家庭纠葛，他加入了美国军队。
爱伦坡的军队生涯并不顺利。
他短暂地在西点军校学习，但却因赌博和违反纪律而被开除。
然后，他决定将军队生涯转向写作事业，成为一名作家。
然而，他的作品并没有立刻取得成功，他被迫过着贫困的生活。
尽管如此，爱伦坡的才华终于得到了认可。
他的第一部作品《Israfel》发表于1827年，其后他的作品逐渐引起了文坛的关注。
他的恐怖小说《红死病的面具》和《黑猫》等作品，以及侦探小说《神秘的玛丽·塞勒斯特》和《开膛手杰克的信》深受欢迎，为他赢得了广大读者的热爱。
然而，爱伦坡的个人生活却并不幸福。
他的妻子弗吉尼亚（Virginia）在年轻时就患上了肺结核，一直以来都给他带来了巨大的痛苦。
后来，弗吉尼亚不幸去世，这对爱伦坡来说是一个巨大的打击。
他的内心深受创伤，这使得他的创作更加倾向于阴暗和压抑。
除了个人生活的不幸，爱伦坡还面临着经济上的困难。
尽管他的作品在文学界获得了成功，但他几乎没有从中获得任何经济回报。
许多出版商未能按时支付他的稿费，甚至有些作品迟迟未能出版。
这使得他的生活陷入了贫困和艰难之中。
在贫困和悲伤的压力下，爱伦坡开始陷入酒精和药物的滥用。
埃德加爱伦坡英文介绍Edgar Allan Poe was an American writer, editor, and literary critic who is best known for his macabre and Gothic tales. He was born on January 19, 1809, in Boston, Massachusetts, and died on October 7, 1849, in Baltimore, Maryland. Poe's works are characterized by their dark themes, vivid imagery, and psychological depth, and he is considered one of the pioneers of the detective fiction genre.One of Poe's most famous works is "The Raven," a poem that tells the story of a man who is visited by a mysterious raven that drives him to madness. The poem's haunting refrain of "Nevermore" has become one of the most famous lines in American literature. Another well-known work by Poe is "The Tell-Tale Heart," a short story about a man who is driven to murder by the sound of his victim's beating heart.In addition to his fiction, Poe also wrote influentialliterary criticism, including his famous essay "The Philosophy of Composition," in which he discusses histheory of writing and the process of creating a work of art. Poe believed that a work of literature should be short, focused, and have a single, unified effect on the reader.Poe's personal life was marked by tragedy and hardship. He struggled with poverty and alcoholism throughout hislife, and his wife, Virginia Clemm, died of tuberculosis at a young age. Despite these challenges, Poe continued towrite prolifically and his work has had a lasting impact on American literature.Overall, Edgar Allan Poe's contributions to literature are significant and enduring. His unique style and dark themes have inspired generations of writers and readers,and his work continues to be studied and celebrated to this day. Poe's legacy as a master of the macabre and a pioneerof the short story and detective fiction genres is secure, and he remains one of the most influential and iconicfigures in American literary history.。
埃德加·爱伦·坡埃德加·爱伦·坡（Edgar Allan Poe）（1809～1849），十九世纪美国诗人、小说家和文学评论家，美国浪漫主义思潮时期的重要成员。
在世时长期担任报刊编辑工作。
其作品形式精致、语言优美、内容多样，在任何时代都是“独一无二”的风格。
坡以神秘故事和恐怖小说闻名于世，他是美国短篇故事的最早先驱者之一，又被尊为推理小说的开山鼻祖，进而也被誉为后世科幻小说的始祖。
他是第一个尝试完全依赖写作谋生的知名美国作家，从而导致贫困潦倒。
[1]中文名：埃德加·爱伦·坡外文名：Edgar Allan Poe国籍：美国出生地：波士顿出生日期：1809年1月19日逝世日期：1849年10月7日职业：诗人、小说家、评论家毕业院校：弗吉尼亚大学、西点军校肄业主要成就：侦探小说、恐怖小说、效果论代表作品：小说《黑猫》、《厄舍府的倒塌》，诗《乌鸦》、《安娜贝尔·丽》逝世地：巴尔的摩1 生平年表少年时代1809年1月19日生于波士顿，三兄妹中的第二个孩子，父亲戴维·坡和母亲伊丽莎白·阿诺德·坡是同一个剧团的演员。
祖籍英国的戴维·坡是一位著名的主角演员，其母伊丽莎白·史密斯·阿诺德在早期美国戏剧界也很出名。
戴维·坡的父亲出生于爱尔兰，是独立战争时期的一名爱国者，戴维·坡不久之后离家出走。
[2]1811年，母亲于在弗吉尼亚州里士满去世。
三兄妹威廉·亨利、埃德加和罗莎莉分别由三家人收养监护。
埃德加的养父母是弗朗西丝和约翰·爱伦夫妇，约翰·爱伦生于苏格兰，当时是里士满一位富裕的烟草商。
这对无儿无女的夫妇虽然没从法律上领养埃德加，但仍替他改姓为爱伦，并把他当作自己的儿子抚养。
1815—1820约翰·爱伦计划在国外建立一个分支商行，举家迁往苏格兰，其后不久又迁居伦敦。
Made By 10英教1沈晓凤Edgar Allan Poe (born Edgar Poe; January 19, 1809 –October 7, 1849) was an American author, poet, editor, and literary critic, considered part of the American RomanticMovementSelected list of worksPoetryThe Raven EldoradoAl Aaraaf Annabel LeeThe Bells The City in the SeaThe Conqueror WormA Dream Within A Dream LenoreTamerlaneUlalume To HelenFiction《黑猫》（The Black Cat）《阿蒙特拉多酒桶》（The Cask of Amontillado）《大漩涡历险记》（A Descent Into The Maelstrom）《厄舍古屋的倒塌》（The Fall of the House of Usher）《金甲虫》（The Gold-Bug）《丽姬亚》（Ligeia）《红死神的面具》（The Masque of the Red Death）《莫格街谋杀案》（The Murders in the Rue Morgue）《椭圆画像》（The Oval Portrait）《陷坑与钟摆》（The Pit and the Pendulum）《活葬》（The Premature Burial）《失窃的信》（Purloined Letter）《泄密的心》（The Tell-Tale Heart）《威廉·威尔逊》（William Wilson）Poe Critic Poet Short story writer2.As a poet1.Short---readable at one sitting1.As a critic---the greatest journalistic critic of his timeHe is a romantic poet who is preoccupied with the subject of the death of one ’s beloved lover of great intelligence and beauty.Poe ’s poetic principle 2.Chief aim---beauty( to produce a feeling of beauty in the reader that excites the sensitive soul to tears ---thus melancholy is the most legitimate of all the poetic tones)3.An even metrical flow in versification(诗律）3.As a short story writerThe principles of writing short stories1.Brevity ( to be read at one sitting)pressionThe very first sentence ought to help to bring outthe “single effect”of the story. (开门见山）No wordshould be used which does not contribute to the “pre-established”design of the work.3.Finality (结局感）A tale should reveal some logical truth with “thefullest satisfaction”, and should end with the lastsentence, leaving a sense of finality with thereader.He falls in lovewithVirginiawho is 13years old.Virginia was ill,and she was sort of young enough to sory of fight the diease for five years.But Allan Poe keeps opimistic all the time.Achievement ①American author,poet, editor andliterary critic .②One of theearliest Americanpractitioners ofthe short story .③Considered the inventor of the detective-fiction genre.④His aesthetics, his call for "the rhythmical creation ofbeauty" have influenced French symbolists and thedevotees of "art for art'ssake."⑤Acknowledged as one of the most brilliant and original writers in American literature.⑥Father of psychoanalytic(心理分析的) criticism.He is said to havedied fromcongestion ofthebrain,acommoneuphemism forancoholabuse.Theactual cause ofhis death isnever comfirmed.2020/6/28THE END。
