经济术语英语

经济学英语词汇在研究和学习经济学的过程中，掌握相关的英语词汇是非常重要的。

以下是一些经济学中常用的英语词汇及其含义：1、Economic：经济的，与经济相关的。

2、Finance：金融，财政。

3、Accounting：会计，会计学。

4、Market：市场，市场营销。

5、Price：价格，价值。

6、Currency：货币，通货。

7、Interest Rate：利率。

8、Exchange Rate：汇率。

9、Stock：股票，股份。

10、Bond：债券。

11、Futures：期货。

12、Options：期权。

13、Commodity：商品，大宗商品。

14、Price Index：价格指数。

15、Economy Growth：经济增长。

16、Unemployment Rate：失业率。

17、Inflation：通货膨胀。

18、Interest Rate Policy：利率政策。

19、Monetary Policy：货币政策。

20、Fiscal Policy：财政政策。

21、Supply-Side Economics：供给侧经济学。

22、Demand-Side Economics：需求侧经济学。

23、Comparative Advantage：比较优势。

24、Gains from Trade：贸易收益。

25、Barriers to Trade：贸易壁垒。

26、Dumping：倾销。

27、DumpingMargin：倾销差价。

28、Economic Liberalization：经济自由化。

29、Privatization：私有化。

30、Liberalization：自由化。

31、Globalization：全球化。

32、Protectionism：保护主义。

33、Stagflation：滞胀，即经济停滞与高通货膨胀、失业以及不景气并存的经济现象。

34、Recession：经济衰退，经济连续两个季度出现负增长。

经济学英语词汇大全了解经济学理论与经济现象的专业术语经济学是一门研究人类在稀缺资源下进行资源配置和决策的社会科学。

在经济学领域，有许多专业术语用于描述不同的理论和经济现象。

以下是一份经济学英语词汇大全，将帮助你更好地了解经济学理论和经济现象。

一、宏观经济学术语1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP): 国内生产总值，用于衡量一个国家或地区在一定时间内生产的全部最终商品和服务的市场价值。

2. Inflation: 通货膨胀，衡量物价持续上涨的速度。

3. Unemployment Rate: 失业率，某国或地区的劳动力中未有工作的比例。

4. Fiscal Policy: 财政政策，指政府通过调整税收和支出来影响经济发展的政策。

5. Monetary Policy: 货币政策，指央行通过调整货币供应量和利率来控制通胀和经济增长的政策。

二、微观经济学术语1. Supply and Demand: 供求关系，描述市场上商品和服务的供给和需求关系，决定价格和数量。

2. Price Elasticity of Demand: 需求的价格弹性，衡量消费者对价格变化的敏感程度。

3. Utility: 效用，消费者对商品或服务的满意程度。

4. Market Failure: 市场失灵，指市场机制无法有效配置资源的情况，需要政府干预。

5. Opportunity Cost: 机会成本，指做出某个选择而放弃的最好的替代选择。

三、国际经济学术语1. Trade Deficit: 贸易逆差，指一个国家或地区的进口超过出口的差额。

2. Exchange Rate: 汇率，用于衡量一种货币与其他货币之间的相对价值。

3. Tariff：关税，进口商品需要缴纳的税费。

4. Comparative Advantage: 比较优势，指某国在生产某种商品或服务上相对于其他国家的优势。

5. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): 外商直接投资，指投资者将资金投资到其他国家的生产或商业项目中。

以下是一些常见的经贸英语词汇：- Economy 经济- Trade 贸易- Commerce 商业- Business 商业，生意- Market 市场- Supply and demand 供求- Profit 利润- Loss 损失- Inflation 通货膨胀- Unemployment 失业- Interest rate 利率- Exchange rate 汇率- Import 进口- Export 出口- Tariff 关税- Trade deficit 贸易逆差- Trade surplus 贸易顺差- Free trade 自由贸易- Protectionism 保护主义- Globalization 全球化- International trade 国际贸易- Economic growth 经济增长- Economic development 经济发展- Economic policy 经济政策- Fiscal policy 财政政策- Monetary policy 货币政策- Capital 资本- Investment 投资- Stock market 股票市场- Bond 债券- Entrepreneur 企业家- Corporation 公司- Partnership 合伙企业- Franchise 特许经营- Small business 小企业- Startup 创业公司- Merger and acquisition (M&A) 并购- Supply chain 供应链- Logistics 物流- Distribution 分销- Wholesale 批发- Retail 零售- E-commerce 电子商务- Digital economy 数字经济- Intellectual property (IP) 知识产权- Patent 专利- Trademark 商标- Copyright 版权- Licensing 许可证- Contract 合同- Negotiation 谈判- Bid 竞标- Auction 拍卖- Deal 交易- Invoice 发票- Payment 付款- Credit 信用- Debtor 债务人- Creditor 债权人- Bankruptcy 破产- Audit 审计- Accounting 会计- Budget 预算- Finance 金融- Venture capital (VC) 风险投资- Private equity (PE) 私募股权- Angel investor 天使投资人- Stock option 股票期权- Dividend 股息- Bonus 奖金- Salary 薪水- Wage 工资- Cost 成本- Price 价格- Profit margin 利润率-Markup 加价- Discount 折扣- Marketing 营销- Advertising 广告- Brand 品牌- Customer 顾客- Sales 销售- Market research 市场调研- Product development 产品开发- Quality control 质量控制- Packaging 包装- Distribution channel 分销渠道- Supply chain management (SCM) 供应链管理- Logistics management 物流管理- Inventory management 库存管理- Just-in-time (JIT) 准时制- Lean manufacturing 精益生产- Total quality management (TQM) 全面质量管理- Six Sigma 六西格玛- ISO 9000 国际标准化组织9000 系列标准- ERP 企业资源规划系统- CRM 客户关系管理系统- SCM 供应链管理系统- B2B 企业对企业电子商务- B2C 企业对消费者电子商务- C2C 消费者对消费者电子商务- Online payment 在线支付- Digital wallet 数字钱包- Cybersecurity 网络安全- Data protection 数据保护- Privacy 隐私- Encryption 加密- Cloud computing 云计算- Artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能- Blockchain 区块链- Big data 大数据- Internet of Things (IoT) 物联网- 5G 第五代移动通信技术这些只是经贸英语词汇中的一部分，经贸领域非常广泛，涉及到众多专业和行业，因此还有很多其他的词汇和术语。

经济学常用英语词汇经济学常用英语词汇经济学英语词汇 1、General terms 一般术语economist 经济学家socialist economy 社会主义经济 capitalist economy 资本主义经济 collectiveeconomy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分private sector 私营成分,私营部门 public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动 economic depression 经济衰退 economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政策economic recovery 经济复原 understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holdingcompany 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 economic trend经济趋势economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living 生活标准,生活水平 purchasing power, buying power 购买力 scarcity 短缺 stagnation停滞,萧条,不景气 underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的 developing 发展中的2、Capital 资本 initial capital 创办资本frozen capital 冻结资金 frozenassets 冻结资产fixed assets 固定资产real estate 不动产,房地产 circulating capital, working capital 流动资本available capital 可用资产 capital goods 资本货物 reserve 准备金,储备金 calling up of capital 催缴资本 allocation of funds资金分配 contribution of funds 资金捐献working capital fund 周转基金 revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金 contingency fund 意外开支,准备金reserve fund 准备金bufferfund 缓冲基金,平准基金 sinking fund 偿债基金 investment 投资,资产 investor 投资人self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给 bank 银行current account 经常帐户(美作:checkingaccount) current-account holder 支票帐户(美作:checking-account holder)cheque 支票(美作:check) bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer无记名支票,来人支票 crossed cheque 划线支票 traveller's cheque 旅行支票 chequebook 支票簿,支票本(美作:checkbook) endorsement 背书 transfer 转让,转帐,过户money 货币issue 发行ready money 现钱cash 现金ready money business, no creditgiven 现金交易,概不赊欠change 零钱banknote, note 钞票,纸币 (美作:bill) to pay(in) cash 付现金 domestic currency, local currency] 本国货币convertibility 可兑换性convertible currencies 可自由兑换货币 exchange rate汇率,兑换率foreign exchange 外汇floating exchange rate 浮动汇率 freeexchange rates 自由汇兑市场foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券 hard currency 硬通货speculation 投机saving 储装,存款 depreciation 减价,贬值devaluation (货币)贬值 revaluation 重估价runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩 capital flight 资本外逃 securities business 证券市场 stock exchange 股票市场stock exchange corporation 证券交易所 stock exchange证券交易所,股票交易所 quotation 报价,牌价share 股份,股票 shareholder, stockholder 股票持有人,股东 dividend 股息,红利 cash dividend 现金配股 stock investment 股票投资investment trust 投资信托 stock-jobber 股票经纪人 stock company, stockbrokerage firm 证券公司 securities 有价证券 share, common stock 普通股preference stock 优先股 income gain 股利收入 issue 发行股票 par value 股面价格,票面价格 bull 买手, 多头 bear 卖手, 空头assigned 过户 opening price 开盘 closing price 收盘hard times 低潮business recession 景气衰退 doldrums 景气停滞 dull 盘整 ease 松弛 raising limit 涨停板 break 暴跌 bond, debenture 债券 WallStreet 华尔街 3、Credit 信贷 short term loan 短期贷款 long term loan长期贷款 medium term loan 中期贷款 lender 债权人 creditor 债权人 debtor 债务人,借方borrower 借方,借款人borrowing 借款interest 利息 rate of interest 利率discount 贴现,折扣rediscount 再贴现annuity 年金 maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款 short term credit 短期信贷consolidated debt 合并债务 fundeddebt 固定债务,长期债务 floating debt 流动债务 drawing 提款,提存 aid 援助 allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴4、Pruduction 生产 output 产出,产量producer 生产者,制造者productive, producing 生产的 products, goods 产品consumer goods 消费品 article 物品,商品manufactured goods, finished goods制成品,产成品raw product 初级产品semifinished goods 半成品 by-product 副产品foodstuffs 食品 raw material 原料 supply 供应,补给 input 投入 productivity生产率productiveness 赢利性overproduction 生产过剩 5、Expenses 耗费cost 成本,费用 expenditure, outgoings 开支,支出 fixed costs 固定成本 overhead costs 营业间接成本 overheads 杂项开支,间接成本 operating costs 生产费用,营业成本operating expenses 营业费用running expenses 日常费用,经营费用 miscellaneous costs 杂项费用 overhead expenses 间接费用,管理费用 upkeep costs, maintenancecosts 维修费用,养护费用 transport costs 运输费用 social charges 社会负担费用contingent expenses, contingencies 或有费用 apportionment of expenses分摊费用 6、Profit 利润 income 收入,收益earnings 利润,收益 gross income,gross earnings 总收入,总收益 gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,总利润,利益毛额 net income 纯收益,净收入,收益净额average income 平均收入 national income 国民收入profitability, profit earning capacity 利润率,赢利率 yield 产量收益,收益率increase in value, appreciation 增值,升值7、taxes 税 duty 税taxation system 税制 taxation 征税,纳税fiscal charges 财务税收 progressive taxation 累进税制graduated tax 累进税value added tax 增值税 income tax 所得税land tax 地租,地价税 excise tax 特许权税basis of assessment 估税标准 taxable income 须纳税的收入fiscality 检查tax-free 免税的tax exemption 免税taxpayer纳税人 tax collector 收税员 8、Internal economic and trade orgnization国际经济与贸易组织 China Council for the Promotion of InternationalTrade, C.C.P.I.T. 中国国际贸易促进委员会National Council for US-China Trade美中贸易全国理事会 Japan-China Economic Association 日中经济协会 Association for the Promotion of International Trade,Japan 日本国际贸易促进会 BritishCouncil for the Promotion of International Trade 英国国际贸易促进委员会International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会International Union ofMarine Insurance 国际海洋运输保险协会International Alumina Association国际铝矾土协会 Universal Postal Union, UPU 万国邮政联盟 Customs Co-operation Council, CCC 关税合作理事会 United Nations Trade and Development Board联合国贸易与发展理事会 Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, DECD 经济合作与开发组织 European Economic Community, EEC, European CommonMarket 欧洲经济共同体 European Free Trade Association, EFTA 欧洲自由贸易联盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 欧洲自由贸易区 Council for Mutual EconomicAid, CMEA 经济互助委员会 Eurogroup 欧洲集团 Group of Ten 十国集团 Committee of Twenty(Paris Club) 二十国委员会Coordinating Committee, COCOM 巴黎统筹委员会Caribbean Common Market, CCM, Caribbean Free-Trade Association,CARIFTA 加勒比共同市场（加勒比自由贸易同盟） Andeans Common Market, ACM, Andeans Treaty Organization, ATO 安第斯共同市场Latin American Free TradeAssociation, LAFTA 拉丁美洲自由贸易联盟Central American Common Market, CACM中美洲共同市场 African and Malagasy Common Organization, OCAM 非洲与马尔加什共同组织East African Common Market, EACM 东非共同市场 Central African Customs and Economic Union, CEUCA 中非关税经济同盟West African Economic Community,WAEC 西非经济共同体 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries,OPEC 石油输出国组织 Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries,OAPEC 阿拉伯石油输出国组织 Commonwealth Preference Area 英联邦特惠区 Centre National du Commerce Exterieur, National Center of External Trade法国对外贸易中心 People's Bank of China 中国人民银行 Bank of China 中国银行International Bank for Reconstruction and development, IBRD国际复兴开发银行World Bank 世界银行International Development association, IDA 国际开发协会 International Monetary Found Agreement 国际货币基金协定International Monetary Found, IMF 国际货币基金组织 European Economic andMonetary Union 欧洲经济与货币同盟European Monetary Cooperation Fund欧洲货币合作基金 Bank for InternationalSettlements, BIS 国际结算银行 African Development Bank, AFDB 非洲开发银行Export-Import Bank of Washington美国进出口银行 National city Bank of New York 花旗银行 American OrientalBanking Corporation 美丰银行American Express Co. Inc. 美国万国宝通银行 The Chase Bank 大通银行Inter-American Development Bank, IDB 泛美开发银行European Investment Bank, EIB 欧洲投资银行Midland Bank,Ltd. 米兰银行 UnitedBank of Switzerland 瑞士联合银行 Dresden Bank A.G. 德累斯敦银行 Bank ofTokyo,Ltd. 东京银行 Hongkong and Shanghai Corporation 香港汇丰银行International Finance Corporation, IFC 国际金融公司 La CommunauteFinancieve Africane 非洲金融共同体Economic and Social Council, ECOSOC联合国经济及社会理事会United Nations Development Program, NUDP 联合国开发计划署United Nations Capital Development Fund,UNCDF 联合国资本开发基金 UnitedNations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDO 联合国工业发展组织UnitedNations Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD 联合国贸易与发展会议 Foodand Agricultural Organization, FAO 粮食与农业组织, 粮农组织 EconomicCommission for Europe, ECE 欧洲经济委员会Economic Commission for LatinAmerica, ECLA 拉丁美洲经济委员会 Economic Commission for Asia and Far East,ECAFE 亚洲及远东经济委员会Economic Commission for Western Asia, ECWA 西亚经济委员会Economic Commission for Africa, ECA 非洲经济委员会 Overseas ChineseInvestment Company 华侨投资公司 New York Stock Exchange, NYSE 纽约证券交易所London Stock Market 伦敦股票市场 Baltic Mercantile and Shipping Exchange波罗的海商业和航运交易所Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡Natural monopoly 自然垄断Natural resources 自然资源Necessary condition 必要条件necessities 必需品net demand 净需求nonconvex preference 非凸性偏好nonconvexity 非凸性nonexclusion 非排斥性nonlinear pricing 非线性定价nonrivalry 非对抗性nonprice competition 非价格竞争nonsatiation 非饱和性non--zero—sum game 非零和对策normal goods 正常品normal profit 正常利润normative economics 规范经济学TopOobjective function 目标函数oligopoly 寡头垄断oligopoly market 寡头市场oligopoly model 寡头模型opportunity cost 机会成本optimal choice 最佳选择optimal consumption bundle 消费束perfect elasticity 完全有弹性optimal resource allocation 最佳资源配置optimal scale 最佳规模optimal solution 最优解optimization 优化ordering of optimization(social) preference (社会)偏好排序ordinal utility 序数效用ordinary goods 一般品output 产量、产出output elasticity 产出弹性output maximization 产出极大化TopPparameter 参数Pareto criterion 帕累托标准Pareto efficiency 帕累托效率Pareto improvement 帕累托改进Pareto optimality 帕累托优化Pareto set 帕累托集partial derivative 偏导数partial equilibrium 局部均衡patent 专利pay off matrix 收益矩阵、支付矩阵perceived demand curve 感觉到的需求曲线perfect competition 完全竞争perfect complement 完全互补品perfect monopoly 完全垄断perfect price discrimination 完全价格歧视perfect substitution 完全替代品perfect inelasticity 完全无弹性perfectly elastic 完全有弹性perfectly inelastic 完全无弹性plant size 工厂规模point elasticity 点弹性positive economics 实证经济学post Hoc Fallacy 后此谬误prediction 预测preference 偏好preference relation 偏好关系present value 现值price 价格price adjustment model 价格调整模型price ceiling 最高限价price consumption curve 价格费曲线price control 价格管制price difference 价格差别price discrimination 价格歧视price elasticity of demand 需求价格弹性price elasticity of supply 供给价格弹性price floor 最低限价price maker 价格制定者price rigidity 价格刚性price seeker 价格搜求者price taker 价格接受者price tax 从价税private benefit 私人收益principal—agent issues 委托--代理问题private cost 私人成本private goods 私人用品private property 私人财产producer equilibrium 生产者均衡producer theory 生产者理论product 产品product transformation curve 产品转换曲线product differentiation 产品差异product group 产品集团production 生产production contract curve 生产契约曲线production efficiency 生产效率production function 生产函数production possibility curve 生产可能性曲线productivity 生产率productivity of capital 资本生产率productivity of labor 劳动生产率profit 利润profit function 利润函数profit maximization 利润极大化property rights 产权property rights economics 产权经济学proposition 定理proportional demand curve 成比例的需求曲线public benefits 公共收益public choice 公共选择public goods 公共商品pure competition 纯粹竞争rivalry 对抗性、竞争pure exchange 纯交换pure monopoly 纯粹垄断accounting 会计accounting cost 会计成本accounting profit 会计利润adverse selection 逆向选择allocation 配置allocation of resources 资源配置allocative efficiency 配置效率antitrust legislation 反托拉斯法arc elasticity 弧弹性Arrow's impossibility theorem 阿罗不可能定理Assumption 假设asymetric information 非对称性信息average 平均average cost 平均成本average cost pricing 平均成本定价法average fixed cost 平均固定成本average product of capital 资本平均产量average product of labour 劳动平均产量average revenue 平均收益average total cost 平均总成本average variable cost 平均可变成本Bbarriers to entry 进入壁垒base year 基年bilateral monopoly 双边垄断benefit 收益black market 黑市bliss point 极乐点boundary point 边界点break even point 收支相抵点budget 预算budget constraint 预算约束budget line 预算线budget set 预算集Ccapital 资本capital stock 资本存量capital output ratio 资本产出比率capitalism 资本主义cardinal utility theory 基数效用论cartel 卡特尔ceteris puribus assumption “其他条件不变”的假设ceteris puribus demand curve 其他因素不变的需求曲线Chamberlin model 张伯伦模型change in demand 需求变化change in quantity demanded 需求量变化change in quantity supplied 供给量变化change in supply 供给变化choice 选择closed set 闭集Coase theorem 科斯定理Cobb—Douglas production function 柯布--道格拉斯生产函数cobweb model 蛛网模型collective bargaining 集体协议工资collusion 合谋command economy 指令经济commodity 商品commodity combination 商品组合commodity market 商品市场commodity space 商品空间common property 公用财产comparative static analysis 比较静态分析compensated budget line 补偿预算线compensated demand function 补偿需求函数compensation principles 补偿原则compensating variation in income 收入补偿变量competition 竞争competitive market 竞争性市场complement goods 互补品complete information 完全信息completeness 完备性condition for efficiency in exchange 交换的最优条件condition for efficiency in production 生产的最优条件concave 凹concave function 凹函数concave preference 凹偏好consistence 一致性constant cost industry 成本不变产业constant returns to scale 规模报酬不变constraints 约束consumer 消费者consumer behavior 消费者行为consumer choice 消费者选择consumer equilibrium 消费者均衡consumer optimization 消费者优化consumer preference 消费者偏好consumer surplus 消费者剩余consumer theory 消费者理论consumption 消费consumption bundle 消费束consumption combination 消费组合consumption possibility curve 消费可能曲线consumption possibility frontier 消费可能性前沿consumption set 消费集consumption space 消费空间continuity 连续性continuous function 连续函数contract curve 契约曲线convex 凸convex function 凸函数convex preference 凸偏好convex set 凸集corporatlon 公司cost 成本cost benefit analysis 成本收益分cost function 成本函数cost minimization 成本极小化Cournot equilihrium 古诺均衡Cournot model 古诺模型Cross—price elasticity 交叉价格弹性Ddead—weights loss 重负损失decreasing cost industry 成本递减产业decreasing returns to scale 规模报酬递减deduction 演绎法demand 需求demand curve 需求曲线demand elasticity 需求弹性demand function 需求函数demand price 需求价格demand schedule 需求表depreciation 折旧derivative 导数derive demand 派生需求difference equation 差分方程differential equation 微分方程differentiated good 差异商品differentiated oligoply 差异寡头diminishing marginal substitution 边际替代率递减diminishing marginal return 收益递减diminishing marginal utility 边际效用递减direct approach 直接法direct taxes 直接税discounting 贴税、折扣diseconomies of scale 规模不经济disequilibrium 非均衡distribution 分配division of labour 劳动分工distribution theory of marginal productivity 边际生产率分配论duoupoly 双头垄断、双寡duality 对偶durable goods 耐用品dynamic analysis 动态分析dynamic models 动态模型EEconomic agents 经济行为者economic cost 经济成本economic efficiency 经济效率economic goods 经济物品economic man 经济人economic mode 经济模型economic profit 经济利润economic region of production 生产的经济区域economic regulation 经济调节economic rent 经济租金exchange 交换economics 经济学exchange efficiency 交换效率economy 经济exchange contract curve 交换契约曲线economy of scale 规模经济Edgeworth box diagram 埃奇沃思图exclusion 排斥性、排他性Edgeworth contract curve 埃奇沃思契约线Edgeworth model 埃奇沃思模型efficiency 效率，效益efficiency parameter 效率参数elasticity 弹性elasticity of substitution 替代弹性endogenous variable 内生变量endowment 禀赋endowment of resources 资源禀赋Engel curve 恩格尔曲线entrepreneur 企业家entrepreneurship 企业家才能entry barriers 进入壁垒entry/exit decision 进出决策envolope curve 包络线equilibrium 均衡equilibrium condition 均衡条件equilibrium price 均衡价格equilibrium quantity 均衡产量eqity 公平equivalent variation in income 收入等价变量excess—capacity theorem 过度生产能力定理excess supply 过度供给exchange 交换exchange contract curve 交换契约曲线exclusion 排斥性、排他性exclusion principle 排他性原则existence 存在性existence of general equilibrium 总体均衡的存在性exogenous variables 外生变量expansion paths 扩展径expectation 期望expected utility 期望效用expected value 期望值expenditure 支出explicit cost 显性成本external benefit 外部收益external cost 外部成本external economy 外部经济external diseconomy 外部不经济externalities 外部性FFactor 要素factor demand 要素需求factor market 要素市场factors of production 生产要素factor substitution 要素替代factor supply 要素供给fallacy of composition 合成谬误final goods 最终产品firm 企业firms’demand curve for labor 企业劳动需求曲线firm supply curve 企业供给曲线first-degree price discrimination 第一级价格歧视first—order condition 一阶条件fixed costs 固定成本fixed input 固定投入fixed proportions production function 固定比例的生产函数flow 流量fluctuation 波动for whom to produce 为谁生产free entry 自由进入free goods 自由品，免费品free mobility of resources 资源自由流动free rider 搭便车，免费搭车function 函数future value 未来值Ggame theory 对策论、博弈论general equilibrium 总体均衡general goods 一般商品Giffen goods 吉芬晶收入补偿需求曲线Giffen's Paradox 吉芬之谜Gini coefficient 吉尼系数goldenrule 黄金规则goods 货物government failure 政府失败government regulation 政府调控grand utility possibility curve 总效用可能曲线grand utility possibility frontier 总效用可能前沿Hheterogeneous product 异质产品Hicks—kaldor welfare criterion 希克斯一卡尔多福利标准homogeneity 齐次性homogeneous demand function 齐次需求函数homogeneous product 同质产品homogeneous production function 齐次生产函数horizontal summation 水平和household 家庭how to produce 如何生产human capital 人力资本hypothesis 假说Iidentity 恒等式imperfect competion 不完全竞争implicitcost 隐性成本income 收入income compensated demand curveincome constraint 收入约束income consumption curve 收入消费曲线income distribution 收入分配income effect 收入效应income elasticity of demand 需求收入弹性increasing cost industry 成本递增产业increasing returns to scale 规模报酬递增inefficiency 缺乏效率index number 指数indifference 无差异indifference curve 无差异曲线indifference map 无差异族indifference relation 无差异关系indifference set 无差异集indirect approach 间接法individual analysis 个量分析individual demand curve 个人需求曲线individual demand function 个人需求函数induced variable 引致变量induction 归纳法industry 产业industry equilibrium 产业均衡industry supply curve 产业供给曲线inelastic 缺乏弹性的inferior goods 劣品inflection point 拐点information 信息information cost 信息成本initial condition 初始条件initial endowment 初始禀赋innovation 创新input 投入input—output 投入—产出institution 制度institutional economics 制度经济学insurance 保险intercept 截距interest 利息interest rate 利息率intermediate goods 中间产品internatization of externalities 外部性内部化invention 发明inverse demand function 逆需求函数investment 投资invisible hand 看不见的手isocost line 等成本线，isoprofit curve 等利润曲线isoquant curve 等产量曲线isoquant map 等产量族Kkinded—demand curve 弯折的需求曲线Llabour 劳动labour demand 劳动需求labour supply 劳动供给labour theory of value 劳动价值论labour unions 工会laissez faire 自由放任Lagrangian function 拉格朗日函数Lagrangian multiplier 拉格朗乘数，land 土地law 法则law of demand and supply 供需法law of diminishing marginal utility 边际效用递减法则law of diminishing marginal rate of substitution 边际替代率递减法则law of diminishing marginal rate of technical substitution 边际技术替代率law of increasing cost 成本递增法则law of one price 单一价格法则leader—follower model 领导者--跟随者模型least—cost combination of inputs 最低成本的投入组合leisure 闲暇Leontief production function 列昂节夫生产函数licenses 许可证linear demand function 线性需求函数linear homogeneity 线性齐次性linear homogeneous production function 线性齐次生产函数long run长期long run average cost 长期平均成本long run equilibrium 长期均衡long run industry supply curve 长期产业供给曲线long run marginal cost 长期边际成本long run total cost 长期总成本Lorenz curve 洛伦兹曲线loss minimization 损失极小化1ump sum tax 一次性征税luxury 奢侈品Mmacroeconomics 宏观经济学marginal 边际的marginal benefit 边际收益marginal cost 边际成本marginal cost pricing 边际成本定价marginal cost of factor 边际要素成本marginal period 市场期marginal physical productivity 实际实物生产率marginal product 边际产量marginal product of capital 资本的边际产量marginal product of 1abour 劳动的边际产量marginal productivity 边际生产率marginal rate of substitution 边替代率marginal rate of transformation 边际转换率marginal returns 边际回报marginal revenue 边际收益marginal revenue product 边际收益产品marginal revolution 边际革命marginal social benefit 社会边际收益marginal social cost 社会边际成本marginal utility 边际效用marginal value products 边际价值产品market 市场market clearance 市场结清，市场洗清market demand 市场需求market economy 市场经济market equilibrium 市场均衡market failure 市场失败market mechanism 市场机制market structure 市场结构market separation 市场分割market regulation 市场调节market share 市场份额markup pricing 加减定价法Marshallian demand function 马歇尔需求函数maximization 极大化microeconomics 微观经济学minimum wage 最低工资misallocation of resources 资源误置mixed economy 混合经济model 模型money 货币monopolistic competition 垄断竞争monopolistic exploitation 垄断剥削monopoly 垄断，卖方垄断monopoly equilibrium 垄断均衡monopoly pricing 垄断定价monopoly regulation 垄断调控monopoly rents 垄断租金monopsony 买方垄断NNash equilibrium 纳什均衡Natural monopoly 自然垄断Natural resources 自然资源Necessary condition 必要条件necessities 必需品net demand 净需求nonconvex preference 非凸性偏好nonconvexity 非凸性nonexclusion 非排斥性nonlinear pricing 非线性定价nonrivalry 非对抗性nonprice competition 非价格竞争nonsatiation 非饱和性non--zero—sum game 非零和对策normal goods 正常品normal profit 正常利润normative economics 规范经济学Oobjective function 目标函数oligopoly 寡头垄断oligopoly market 寡头市场oligopoly model 寡头模型opportunity cost 机会成本optimal choice 最佳选择optimal consumption bundle 消费束perfect elasticity 完全有弹性optimal resource allocation 最佳资源配置optimal scale 最佳规模optimal solution 最优解optimization 优化ordering of optimization(social) preference (社会)偏好排序ordinal utility 序数效用ordinary goods 一般品output 产量、产出output elasticity 产出弹性output maximization 产出极大化Pparameter 参数Pareto criterion 帕累托标准Pareto efficiency 帕累托效率Pareto improvement 帕累托改进Pareto optimality 帕累托优化Pareto set 帕累托集partial derivative 偏导数partial equilibrium 局部均衡patent 专利pay off matrix 收益矩阵、支付矩阵perceived demand curve 感觉到的需求曲线perfect competition 完全竞争perfect complement 完全互补品perfect monopoly 完全垄断perfect price discrimination 完全价格歧视perfect substitution 完全替代品perfect inelasticity 完全无弹性perfectly elastic 完全有弹性perfectly inelastic 完全无弹性plant size 工厂规模point elasticity 点弹性positive economics 实证经济学post Hoc Fallacy 后此谬误prediction 预测preference 偏好preference relation 偏好关系present value 现值price 价格price adjustment model 价格调整模型price ceiling 最高限价price consumption curve 价格费曲线price control 价格管制price difference 价格差别price discrimination 价格歧视price elasticity of demand 需求价格弹性price elasticity of supply 供给价格弹性price floor 最低限价price maker 价格制定者price rigidity 价格刚性price seeker 价格搜求者price taker 价格接受者price tax 从价税private benefit 私人收益principal—agent issues 委托--代理问题private cost 私人成本private goods 私人用品private property 私人财产producer equilibrium 生产者均衡producer theory 生产者理论product 产品product transformation curve 产品转换曲线product differentiation 产品差异product group 产品集团production 生产production contract curve 生产契约曲线production efficiency 生产效率production function 生产函数production possibility curve 生产可能性曲线productivity 生产率productivity of capital 资本生产率productivity of labor 劳动生产率profit 利润profit function 利润函数profit maximization 利润极大化property rights 产权property rights economics 产权经济学proposition 定理proportional demand curve 成比例的需求曲线public benefits 公共收益public choice 公共选择public goods 公共商品pure competition 纯粹竞争rivalry 对抗性、竞争pure exchange 纯交换pure monopoly 纯粹垄断Qquantity—adjustment model 数量调整模型quantity tax 从量税quasi—rent 准租金Rrate of product transformation 产品转换率rationality 理性reaction function 反应函数regulation 调节，调控relative price 相对价格rent 租金rent control 规模报酬rent seeking 寻租rent seeking economics 寻租经济学resource 资源resource allocation 资源配置returns 报酬、回报returns to scale 规模报酬revealed preference 显示性偏好revenue 收益revenue curve 收益曲线revenue function 收益函数revenue maximization 收益极大化ridge line 脊线risk 风险Ssatiation 饱和，满足saving 储蓄scarcity 稀缺性law of scarcity 稀缺法则second—degree price discrimination 二级价格歧视second derivative --阶导数second—order condition 二阶条件service 劳务set 集shadow prices 影子价格short—run 短期short—run cost curve 短期成本曲线short—run equilibrium 短期均衡short—run supply curve 短期供给曲线shut down decision 关闭决策shortage 短缺shut down point 关闭点single price monopoly 单一定价垄断slope 斜率social benefit 社会收益social cost 社会成本social indifference curve 社会无差异曲线social preference 社会偏好social security 社会保障social welfare function 社会福利函数socialism 社会主义solution 解space 空间stability 稳定性stable equilibrium 稳定的均衡Stackelberg model 斯塔克尔贝格模型static analysis 静态分析stock 存量stock market 股票市场strategy 策略subsidy 津贴substitutes 替代品substitution effect 替代效应substitution parameter 替代参数sufficient condition 充分条件supply 供给supply curve 供给曲线supply function 供给函数supply schedule 供给表Sweezy model 斯威齐模型symmetry 对称性symmetry of information 信息对称Ttangency 相切taste 兴致technical efficiency 技术效率technological constraints 技术约束technological progress 技术进步technology 技术third—degree price discrimination 第三级价格歧视total cost 总成本total effect 总效应total expenditure 总支出total fixed cost 总固定成本total product 总产量total revenue 总收益total utility 总效用total variable cost 总可变成本traditional economy 传统经济transitivity 传递性transaction cost 交易费用Uuncertainty 不确定性uniqueness 唯一性unit elasticity 单位弹性unstable equilibrium 不稳定均衡utility 效用utility function 效用函数utility index 效用指数。

经济英语词汇大全掌握经济领域的专业术语经济英语词汇大全——掌握经济领域的专业术语经济英语是专门用于描述经济领域的语言。

掌握经济英语词汇对于从事经济学、国际贸易、金融等相关工作的人来说至关重要。

本篇文章将为您提供一个经济英语词汇大全，帮助您扩充经济领域的专业术语。

一、宏观经济学（Macroeconomics）宏观经济学研究整体经济活动，包括国家的经济增长、通货膨胀率、失业率等。

在宏观经济学中，以下术语是必须掌握的：1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)：国内生产总值，衡量一个国家或地区在一定时期内生产的所有最终产品和服务的市场价值。

2. Inflation：通货膨胀，指货币流通量增加，导致商品和服务价格普遍上涨的现象。

3. Unemployment Rate：失业率，表示劳动力市场上正在找工作但找不到工作的人口所占的比例。

4. Fiscal Policy：财政政策，指政府通过调整税收和政府支出来影响经济活动的手段。

5. Monetary Policy：货币政策，指中央银行通过调整货币供应量和利率来控制经济增长和通货膨胀的手段。

二、国际贸易（International Trade）国际贸易是指不同国家之间的商品和服务交换活动。

了解以下国际贸易的专业术语可以帮助您更好地理解相关领域的内容：1. Import：进口，指从外国购买商品或服务并引入本国。

2. Export：出口，指本国商品或服务的销售给其他国家。

3. Trade Balance：贸易平衡，指一个国家或地区进口和出口之间的差额。

4. Tariff：关税，是对进口货物征收的税费。

5. Free Trade Agreement：自由贸易协定，是为促进成员国之间贸易自由化而签订的协议。

三、金融（Finance）金融领域涉及金融市场、投资、风险管理等综合性经济活动。

以下是一些金融方面常用的经济英语词汇：1. Stock Market：股票市场，指股票的买卖和交易所的场所。

100个经济学术语1.货币政策-- Money Policy2.货币流动-- Currency Flows3.金融政策-- Financial Policy4.货币供应-- Money Supply5.通货膨胀-- Inflation6.购买力平价-- Purchasing Power Parity7.储蓄率-- Savings Rate8.经济增长-- Economic Growth9.投资-- Investment10.消费-- Consumption11.汇率-- Exchange Rate12.零售销售-- Retail Sales13.贸易赤字-- Trade Deficit14.贸易贡献-- Trade Surplus15.外汇结构-- Foreign Exchange Structure16.累积赤字-- Accumulated Deficit17.优惠政策-- Subsidy Policy18.货币市场-- Money Market19.社会保障-- Social Security20.社会风险-- Social Risk21.财政税收-- Fiscal Taxation22.银行业监管-- Banking Supervision23.国际收支-- Balance of International Payments24.国际贸易-- International Trade25.负债-- Debt26.投机-- Speculation27.货币贬值-- Currency Devaluation28.汇率监管-- Exchange Rate Control29.汇率波动-- Exchange Rate Fluctuations30.量化宽松-- Quantitative Easing31.财政补贴-- Fiscal Subsidies32.机会成本-- Opportunity Cost33.市场价格-- Market Pricing34.资金流动-- Fund Flows35.效用-- Utility36.经济因素-- Economic Factors37.消费者支出-- Consumer Expenditures38.收入分配-- Income Distribution39.关税-- Tariffs40.经济政策-- Economic Policy41.欧盟-- European Union42.可支配收入-- Disposable Income43.经济学模型-- Economic Models44.利率-- Interest Rate45.技术创新-- Technological Innovation46.信用-- Credit47.经济结构-- Economic Structure48.现金流量-- Cash Flow49.竞争-- Competition50.财政支出-- Fiscal Expenditure51.金融改革-- Financial Reform52.非货币政策-- Non-monetary Policy53.贷款-- Loans54.市场需求-- Market Demand55.需求分析-- Demand Analysis56.汇率-- Exchange Rate57.负债率-- Debt to Equity Ratio58.波动性-- Volatility59.消费者保价-- Consumer Price Index60.货币开支-- Monetary Expenditures61.物价指数-- Price Index62.调整-- Adjustment63.预算不平衡-- Budget Imbalance64.全球经济-- Global Economy65.投资风险-- Investment Risk66.汇率风险-- Exchange Rate Risk67.财政失衡-- Fiscal Imbalance68.碳排放税-- Carbon Tax69.补贴-- Subsidy70.储备货币-- Reserve Currency71.零利率政策-- Zero Interest Policy72.泡沫经济-- Bubble Economy73.货币结构-- Monetary Structure74.国际衡平-- International Equilibrium75.社会运动-- Social Movements76.商业循环-- Business Cycle77.物价水平-- Price Level78.生产力-- Productivity79.竞争环境-- Competitive Environment80.间接税-- Indirect Taxes81.舶来税-- Tariff82.社会失业-- Social Unemployment83.进出口-- Imports and Exports84.金融冲击-- Financial Shocks85.国际准备金-- International Reserves86.秩序市场-- Orderly Market87.贸易协议-- Trade Agreements88.受抑制-- Restrained89.补充货币-- Supplementary Currency90.竞争力-- Competitiveness91.外汇储备-- Exchange Reserves92.贷款利率-- Loan Interest Rate93.效率市场-- Efficiency Market94.通货紧缩-- Deflation95.分布公平-- Distribution Fairness96.报酬均等-- Equal Remuneration97.投资回报-- Return on Investment98.投资效率-- Investment Efficiency99.可支配收入差距-- Disposable Income Gap 100.投资回流-- Investment Reflow。

经济与财务英语词汇大全一、宏观经济词汇1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)：国内生产总值GDP measures the value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a specific period of time.2. Inflation：通货膨胀Inflation refers to the sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services over a period of time. It is often measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI).3. Monetary Policy：货币政策Monetary policy refers to the actions taken by a central bank to influence the availability and cost of money and credit in the economy, usually through changes in interest rates or the money supply.4. Fiscal Policy：财政政策Fiscal policy refers to the use of government spending and taxation to influence the overall economy. It can be expansionary (increasing spending and/or reducing taxes) or contractionary (reducing spending and/or increasing taxes) depending on the economic conditions.5. Unemployment Rate：失业率Unemployment rate is the percentage of the labor force that is unemployed and actively seeking employment.6. Exchange Rate：汇率Exchange rate refers to the rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another. It is determined by the foreign exchange market and influenced by factors such as interest rates, inflation, and market sentiment.二、财务管理词汇1. Balance Sheet：资产负债表Balance sheet is a financial statement that shows the company's assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity at a specific point in time.2. Income Statement：利润表Income statement is a financial statement that shows the company's revenues, expenses, and net income or loss over a specific period of time.3. Cash Flow Statement：现金流量表Cash flow statement is a financial statement that shows the changes in a company's cash and cash equivalents over a specific period of time.4. Return on Investment (ROI)：投资回报率ROI measures the profitability of an investment by comparing the gain or loss generated relative to the cost of the investment.5. Earnings per Share (EPS)：每股收益EPS is a financial ratio that indicates the portion of a company's profit allocated to each outstanding share of common stock.6. Dividend：股息Dividend refers to the distribution of a portion of a company's profits to its shareholders. It can be paid in the form of cash or additional shares of stock.三、市场与投资词汇1. Stock Market：股票市场Stock market is a market where shares of publicly traded companies are bought and sold.2. Bull Market：牛市Bull market refers to a market with rising prices and investor optimism.3. Bear Market：熊市Bear market refers to a market with falling prices and investor pessimism.4. Portfolio：投资组合Portfolio refers to a collection of investments, such as stocks, bonds, and mutual funds, held by an individual or institution.5. Diversification：多元化投资Diversification is a risk management strategy that involves spreading investments across different asset classes and sectors to reduce exposure to any single investment.6. Initial Public Offering (IPO)：首次公开募股IPO refers to the process by which a private company becomes a publicly traded company by offering its shares to the public for the first time.四、国际贸易词汇1. Free Trade：自由贸易Free trade refers to the unrestricted flow of goods and services between countries without tariffs, quotas, or other barriers.2. Import：进口Import refers to the purchase of goods and services from foreign countries for domestic consumption.3. Export：出口Export refers to the sale of goods and services to foreign countries.4. Trade Deficit：贸易逆差Trade deficit occurs when a country's imports exceed its exports, resulting in a negative balance of trade.5. Tariff：关税Tariff is a tax imposed on imported goods and services to protect domestic industries or generate government revenue.6. World Trade Organization (WTO)：世界贸易组织WTO is an international organization that deals with the global rules of trade between nations, aiming to ensure smooth and predictable trade flows.以上是一些经济与财务方面的英语词汇，涵盖了宏观经济、财务管理、市场与投资以及国际贸易等领域。

inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩tighter credit 紧缩信贷monetary policy 货币政策foreign exchange 外汇spot transaction 即期交易forward transaction 远期交易option forward transaction 择期交易swap transaction 调期交易quote 报价settlment and delivery 交割Treasury bond 财政部公债current-account 经常项目pickup in rice 物价上涨Federal Reserve 美联储buying rate 买入价selling rate 卖出价spread 差幅contract 合同at par 平价premium 升水discount 贴水direct quoation method 直接报价法indirect quoation method 间接报价法dividend 股息domestic currency 本币floating rate 浮动利率parent company 母公司credit swap 互惠贷款venture capital 风险资本book value 帐面价值physical capital 实际资本IPO(initial public offering) 新股首发；首次公开发行job machine 就业市场welfare capitalism 福利资本主义collective market cap 市场资本总值glolbal corporation 跨国公司transnational status 跨国优势transfer price 转让价格consolidation 兼并leverage 杠杆financial turmoil/meltdown 金融危机file for bankruptcy 申请破产bailout 救助take over 收购buy out 购买(某人的)产权或全部货物go under 破产take a nosedive （股市）大跌tumble 下跌falter 摇摇欲坠on the hook 被套住shore up confidence 提振市场信心stave off 挡开, 避开,liquidate assets 资产清算at fire sale prices 超低价sell-off 证券的跌价reserve 储备note 票据discount贴现circulate流通central bank 中央银行the Federal Reserve System联邦储备系统credit union 信用合作社paper currency 纸币credit creation 信用创造branch banking 银行分行制unit banking 单一银行制out of circulation 退出流通capital stock股本at par以票面价值计electronic banking电子银行banking holding company 公司银行the gold standard金本位the Federal Reserve Board 联邦储备委员会the stock market crash 股市风暴reserve ratio 准备金比率division of labor 劳动分工commodity money 商品货币legal tender 法定货币fiat money 法定通货a medium of exchange交换媒介legal sanction法律制裁face value面值liquid assets流动资产illiquidl assets非流动资产the liquidity scale 流动性指标real estate 不动产checking accounts,demand deposit,checkable deposit 活期存款time deposit 定期存款negotiable order of withdrawal accounts 大额可转让提款单money market mutual funds 货币市场互助基金repurchase agreements 回购协议certificate of deposits存单bond 债券stock股票travelers'checks 旅行支票small-denomination time deposits小额定期存款large-denomination time deposits大额定期存款bank overnight repurchase agreements 银行隔夜回购协议bank long-term repurchase agreements 银行长期回购协议thrift institutions 存款机构financial institution 金融机构commercial banks商业银行a means of payment 支付手段a store of value储藏手段a standard of value价值标准deficit 亏损roll展期wholesale批发default不履约auction拍卖collateralize担保markup价格的涨幅dealer交易员broker经纪人pension funds 养老基金face amount面值commerical paper商业票据banker's acceptance银行承兑汇票Fed fund 联邦基金eurodollar欧洲美元treasury bills 国库券floating-rate 浮动比率fixed-rate 固定比率default risk 拖欠风险credit rating信誉级别tax collection税收money market货币市场capital market资本市场original maturity 原始到期期限surplus funds过剩基金syndication辛迪加underwrite包销，认购hedge对冲买卖、套期保值innovation到期交易spread利差principal本金swap掉期交易eurobond market 欧洲债券市场euronote欧洲票据Federal Reserve Bank (FRB)联邦储备银行unsecured credit无担保贷款fixed term time deposit定期支付存款lead bank牵头银行neogotiable time deposit议付定期存款inter-bank money market银行同业货币市场medium term loan 中期贷款syndicated credit银团贷款merchant bank商业银行portfolio management 有价债券管理lease financing租赁融资note issurance facility票据发行安排bearer note不记名票价underwriting facility包销安排floating-rate note 浮动利率票据bond holder债券持持有者London Interbank Offered Rate(LIBOR)伦敦同业优惠利率back-up credit line备用信贷额promissory note(P.N..p/n)本票revolving cerdit 循环信用证，即revolving letter of credit non interest-bearing reserves无息储备金interest rate controls 利率管制interest rate ceiling 利率上限interest rate floor 利率下限破产insolvency有偿还债务能力的solvent合同contract汇率exchange rate私营部门private sector财政管理机构fiscal authorities宽松的财政政策slack fiscal policy税法tax bill财政public finance财政部the Ministry of Finance平衡预算balanced budget继承税inheritance tax货币主义者monetariest增值税VAT (value added tax)收入revenue总需求aggregate demand货币化monetization赤字deficit经济不景气recessiona period when the economy of a country is not successful, business conditions are bad, industrial production and trade are at a low level and there is a lot of unemployment经济好转turnabout复苏recovery成本推进型cost push货币供应money supply生产率productivity劳动力labor force实际工资real wages成本推进式通货膨胀cost-push inflation需求拉动式通货膨胀demand-pull inflation双位数通货膨胀double- digit inflation极度通货膨胀hyperinflation长期通货膨胀chronic inflation治理通货膨胀to fight inflation最终目标ultimate goal坏的影响adverse effect担保ensure贴现discount萧条的sluggish认购subscribe to支票帐户checking account货币控制工具instruments of monetry control 借据IOUs(I owe you)本票promissory notes货币总监controller of the currency拖收系统collection system支票清算或结算check clearing资金划拨transfer of funds可以相信的证明credentials改革fashion被缠住entangled货币联盟Monetary Union再购协议repo精明的讨价还价交易horse-trading欧元euro公共债务membership criteria汇率机制REM储备货币reserve currency劳动密集型labor-intensive股票交易所bourse竞争领先frontrun牛市bull market非凡的牛市a raging bull规模经济scale economcies买方出价与卖方要价之间的差价bid-ask spreads 期货（股票）futures经济商行brokerage firm回报率rate of return股票equities违约default现金外流cash drains经济人佣金brokerage fee存款单CD(certificate of deposit)营业额turnover资本市场capital market布雷顿森林体系The Bretton Woods System经常帐户current account套利者arbitrager远期汇率forward exchange rate即期汇率spot rate实际利率real interest rates货币政策工具tools of monetary policy银行倒闭bank failures跨国公司MNC ( Multi-National Corporation)商业银行commercial bank商业票据comercial paper利润profit本票，期票promissory notes监督to monitor佣金（经济人）commission brokers套期保值hedge有价证券平衡理论portfolio balance theory外汇储备foreign exchange reserves固定汇率fixed exchange rate浮动汇率floating/flexible exchange rate 货币选择权（期货）currency option 套利arbitrage合约价exercise price远期升水forward premium多头买升buying long空头卖跌selling short按市价订购股票market order股票经纪人stockbroker国际货币基金the IMF七国集团the G-7监督surveillance同业拆借市场interbank market可兑换性convertibility软通货soft currency限制restriction交易transaction充分需求adequate demand短期外债short term external debt汇率机制exchange rate regime直接标价direct quotes资本流动性mobility of capital赤字deficit本国货币domestic currency外汇交易市场foreign exchange market 国际储备international reserve利率interest rate资产assets国际收支balance of payments贸易差额balance of trade繁荣boom债券bond资本captial资本支出captial expenditures商品commodities商品交易所commodity exchange期货合同commodity futures contract普通股票common stock联合大企业conglomerate货币贬值currency devaluation通货紧缩deflation折旧depreciation贴现率discount rate归个人支配的收入disposable personal income 从业人员employed person汇率exchange rate财政年度fiscal year自由企业free enterprise国民生产总值gross antional product库存inventory劳动力人数labor force债务liabilities市场经济market economy合并merger货币收入money income跨国公司Multinational Corproation个人收入personal income优先股票preferred stock价格收益比率price-earning ratio优惠贷款利率prime rate利润profit回报return on investment使货币升值revaluation薪水salary季节性调整seasonal adjustment关税tariff失业人员unemployed person效用utility价值value工资wages工资价格螺旋上升wage-price spiral收益yield补偿贸易compensatory trade, compensated deal 储蓄银行saving banks欧洲联盟the European Union单一的实体a single entity抵押贷款mortgage lending业主产权owner's equity普通股common stock无形资产intangible assets收益表income statement营业开支operating expenses行政开支administrative expenses现金收支一览表statement of cash flow贸易中的存货inventory收益proceeds投资银行investment bank机构投资者institutional investor垄断兼并委员会MMC招标发行issue by tender定向发行introduction代销offer for sale直销placing公开发行public issue信贷额度credit line国际债券international bonds欧洲货币Eurocurrency利差interest margin以所借的钱作抵押所获之贷款leveraged loan权利股发行rights issues净收入比例结合net income gearing证券行业词汇share, equity, stock股票、股权;bond, debenture, debts债券;negotiable share可流通股份;convertible bond可转换债券;treasury/government bond国库券/政府债券;corporate bond企业债券;closed-end securities investment fund 封闭式证券投资基金; open-end securities investment fund 开放式证券投资基金; fund manager基金经理/管理公司;fund custodian bank基金托管银行;market capitalization市值;p/e ratio市盈率;(price/earning)mark-to-market逐日盯市;payment versus delivery银券交付;clearing and settlement清算/结算;commodity/financial derivatives 商品/金融衍生产品;put / call option看跌/看涨期权;margins, collateral保证金;rights issue/offering配股;bonus share红股;dividend红利/股息;ADR美国存托凭证/存股证;(American Depository Receipt) GDR全球存托凭证/存股证;(Global Depository Receipt) retail/private investor个人投资者/散户;institutional investor机构投资者;broker/dealer券商;proprietary trading自营;insider trading/dealing内幕交易;market manipulation市场操纵;prospectus招股说明书;IPO新股/初始公开发行;(Initial Public Offering) merger and acquisition收购兼并。

经济学专业术语（中英文对照）目录1. 经济学原理 (2)2. 像经济学家一样思考 (2)3. 相互依存性与贸易的好处 (3)4. 供给与需求的市场力量 (3)5. 弹性及其应用 (4)6. 供给需求与政策 (4)7. 消费者、生产者与市场效率 (4)8. 赋税的应用 (4)9. 国际贸易 (5)10. 外部性 (5)11. 公共物品和公共资源 (5)12. 税制设计 (5)13. 生产成本 (6)14. 竞争市场上的企业 (7)15. 垄断 (7)16. 垄断竞争 (7)17. 寡头 (7)18. 生产要素市场 (8)19. 收入与歧视 (8)20. 收入不平等与贫困 (8)21. 消费者选择理论 (9)22. 微观经济学前沿 (9)23. 一国收入的衡量 (10)24. 生活费用的衡量 (10)25. 生产与增长 (10)26. 储蓄、投资和金融体系 (11)27. 金融学的基本工具 (11)28. 失业 (12)29. 货币制度 (12)30. 货币增长与通货膨胀 (13)31. 开放经济的宏观经济学 (14)32. 开放经济的宏观经济理论 (14)33. 总需求与总供给 (14)34. 货币政策和财政政策对总需求影响 (15)35. 通胀与失业之间的短期权衡取舍 (15)1.经济学原理经济:(economy)稀缺性:(scarcity)经济学:(economics)效率:(efficiency)平等:(equality)机会成本:(opporyunity cost)理性人:(rational people)边际变动:(marginal change)边际收益:(marginal benefit)边际成本:(marginal cost)激励:(incentive)市场经济:(market economy)产权:(property rights)市场失灵:(market failure)外部性:(externality)市场势力:(market power)生产率:(productivity)通货膨胀:(inflation)经济周期:(business cycle)2.像经济学家一样思考循环流量图:(circular-flow diagram)生产可能性边界:(production possibilities)微观经济学:(microeconomics)宏观经济学:(macroeconomics)实证表述:(positive statements)规范表述:(normative statements)有序数对:(ordered pair)3.相互依存性与贸易的好处绝对优势:(absolute advantage)机会成本:(apportunity cost)比较优势:(comparative advantage)进口品:(imports)出口品:(exports)4.供给与需求的市场力量市场:(market)竞争市场:(competitive market)需求量:(quantity demand)需求定理:(law of demand)需求表:(demand schedule)需求曲线:(demand curve)正常物品:(normal good)低档物品:(inferior good)替代品:(substitutes)互补品:(complements)供给量:(quantity supplied)供给定理:(law of supply)供给表:(supply schedule)供给曲线:(supply curve)均衡:(equilibrium)均衡价格:(equilibrium price)均衡数量:(equilibrium quantity)过剩:(surplus)短缺:(shortage)供求定理:(law of supply and demand)5.弹性及其应用弹性:(elasticity)需求价格弹性:(price elasticity of demand)总收益:(total revenue)需求收入弹性:(income elasticity)需求的交叉价格弹性:(cross-price elasticity)供给价格弹性:(price elasticity of supply)6.供给需求与政策价格上限:(price ceiling)价格下限:(price floor)税收归宿:(tax incidence)7.消费者、生产者与市场效率福利经济学:(welfare economics)支付意愿:(willingness to pay)消费者剩余:(consumer surplus)成本:(cost)生产者剩余:(producer surplus)效率:(efficiency)平等:(equality)8.赋税的应用无谓损失:(deadweight loss)9.国际贸易世界价格:(world price)关税:(tariff)10.外部性外部性:(externality)外部性内在化:(internalizing the externality)矫正税:(corrective taxes)科斯定理:(coase theorem)交易成本:(transaction cost)11.公共物品和公共资源排他性:(excludability)消费中的竞争性:(rivalry in consumption)私人物品:(private goods)公共物品:(public goods)公共资源:(common resources)俱乐部物品:(club goods)搭便车者:(free rider)成本-收益分析:(cost-benefit analysis)公地悲剧:(tragedy of commons)12.税制设计纳税义务:(tax lianility)预算赤字:(budget defict)预算盈余:(budget surplus)平均税率:(average tax rate)边际税率:(marginal tax rate)定额税:(lump-sum tax)受益原则:(benefits principle)支付能力原则:(ability-to-pay principle)纵向平等:(vertical equity)横向平等:(horizontal equity)比例税:(proportional tax)累退税:(regressive tax)累进税:(progressive tax)13.生产成本总收益:(total revenue)总成本:(total cost)利润:(profit)显性成本:(explicit costs)隐性成本:(implicit costs)经济利润:(economic profit)会计利润:(counting profit)生产函数:(production function)边际产量:(marginal product)边际产量递减:(diminishing marginal product)固定成本:(fixed costs)可变成本:(variable costs)平均总成本:(average total cost)平均固定成本:(average fixed costs)平均可变成本:(average variable costs)边际成本:(marginal cost)有效规模:(efficient scale)规模经济:(economies of scale)规模不经济:(diseconomies of scale)规模收益不变:(constant returns to scale) 14.竞争市场上的企业竞争市场:(competitive market)平均收益:(average revenue)边际收益:(marginal revenue)沉没成本:(sunk revenue)15.垄断垄断企业:(monopoly)自然垄断:(natural monopoly)价格歧视:(price discrimination)16.垄断竞争寡头:(oligopoly)垄断竞争:(monopolistic competition) 17.寡头博弈论:(game theory)勾结:(collusion)卡特尔:(cartel)纳什均衡:(Nash equilibrium)囚徒困境:(prisoners’ dilemma)占优策略:(dominant strategy)18.生产要素市场生产要素:(factors of production)生产函数:(production function)劳动的边际产量:(marginal product of labor)边际产量递减:(diminishing marginal product)边际产量值:(value of the marginal product)资本:(capital)19.收入与歧视补偿性工资差别:(compensating differential)人力资本:(human capital)工会:(union)罢工:(strike)效率工资:(efficiency)歧视:(discrimination)20.收入不平等与贫困贫困率:(poverty rate)贫困率:(poverty line)实物转移支付:(in-kind transfers)生命周期:(life cycle)持久收入:(permanent income)功利主义:(utilitariansm)效用:(utilitariansm)自由主义:(liberalism)最大最小准则:(maximin criterion)负所得税:(negative income tax)福利:(welfare)社会保险:(social insurance)自由至上主义:(libertarianism)21.消费者选择理论预算约束线:(budget constraint)无差异曲线:(indiffernnce curve)边际替代率:(marginal rate of subtitution)完全替代品:(perfect substitudes)完全互补品:(perfect complements)正常物品:(normal good)低档物品:(inferior good)收入效应:(income effect)替代效应:(substitution effect)吉芬物品:(Giffen good)22.微观经济学前沿道德风险:(moral hazard)代理人:(agent)委托人:(principal)逆向选择:(adverse selection)发信号:(signaling)筛选:(screening)政治经济学:(political economy)康多塞悖论:(condorcet paradox)阿罗不可能性定理:(Arrow’s impossibility)中值选民定理:(median vater theorem)行为经济学:(behavioral economics)23.一国收入的衡量微观经济学:(microeconomics)宏观经济学:(macroeconomics)国内生产总值:(gross domestic product,GDP)消费:(consumption)投资:(investment)政府购买:(government purchase)净出口:(net export)名义GDP:(nominal GDP)真实GDP:(real GDP)GDP平减指数:(GDP deflator)24.生活费用的衡量消费物价指数:(consumer price index,CPI)通货膨胀率:(inflation rate)生产物价指数:(produer price index,PPI)指数化:(indexation)生活费用津贴:(cost-of-living allowance,COLA)名义利率:(nominal interest rate)25.生产与增长生产率:(productivity)物质资本:(physical capital)人力资本:(human capital)自然资源:(natural resources)技术知识:(technological knoeledge)收益递减:(diminishing returns)追赶效应:(catch-up effect)26.储蓄、投资和金融体系金融体系:(financial system)金融市场:(financial markets)债券:(bond)股票:(stock)金融中介机构:(financial intermediaries)共同基金:(mutual fund)国民储蓄:(national saving)私人储蓄:(private saving)公共储蓄:(public saving)预算盈余:(budget surplus)预算赤字:(budget deficit)可贷资金市场:(market for loanable funds)挤出:(crowding out)27.金融学的基本工具金融学:(finance)现值:(present value)终值:(future value)复利:(compounding)风险厌恶:(risk aversion)多元化:(diversification)企业特有风险:(firm-specific risk)市场风险:(market risk)基本面风险:(fundamental analysis)有效市场假说:(efficient markets by pothesis)信息有效:(informational efficiency)随机游走:(random walk)28.失业劳动力:(laborforce)失业率:(unemployment rate)劳动力参与率:(labor-force participation rate)自然失业率:(natural rate of unemployment)周期性失业:(cyclical unemployment)失去信心的工人:(discouraged workers)摩擦性失业:(frictional unemployment)结构性失业:(structural unemployment)寻找工作:(job search)失业保险:(unemployment insurance)工会:(union)集体谈判:(collective bargaining)罢工:(strike)效率工资:(essiciency wages)29.货币制度货币:(money)交换媒介:(medium of exchange)计价单位:(unit of account)价值储藏手段:(store of value)流动性:(liquidity)商品货币:(commodity money)法定货币:(fiat money)通货:(currency)活期存款:(demand deposits)联邦储备局:(Federal Reserve)中央银行:(central bank)货币供给:(money supply)货币政策:(monetary policy)准备金:(reserves)部分准备金银行:(fractional-reserve banking)准备金率:(reserve ratio)货币乘数:(money multiplier)银行资本:(bank capital)杠杆:(leverage)杠杆率:(leverage ratio)资本需要量:(capital requirement)公开市场操作:(open-market operations)贴现率:(discount rate)法定准备金:(reserve requirements)补充金融计划:(supplementary financing program)联邦基金利率:(federal funds rate)30.货币增长与通货膨胀铲除通胀:(whip Inflation Now)货币数量论:(quantity theory of money)名义变量:(nominal variables)真实变量:(real variables)古典二分法:(classiacl dichotomy)货币中性:(monetary neutrality)货币流通速度:(velocity of money)数量方程式:(quantity equation)通货膨胀税:(inflation tax)费雪效应:(Fisher effect)皮鞋成本:(shoeleather cost)菜单成本:(menu costs)31.开放经济的宏观经济学封闭经济:(closed economy)开放经济:(open economy)出口:(exports)净出口:(net exports)贸易余额:(trade balance)贸易盈余:(trade surplus)贸易平衡:(balanced trade)贸易赤字:(trade deficit)资本净流出:(net capital outflow)名义汇率:(nominal exchange rate)升值:(appreciation)贬值:(depreciation)真实汇率:(real exchange rate)购买力平价:(purchasing-power parity)32.开放经济的宏观经济理论贸易政策:(trade policy)资本外逃:(capital flight)33.总需求与总供给衰退:(recession)萧条:(depression)总需求与总供给模型:(model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply)总需求曲线:(aggregate-demand curve)总供给曲线:(aggregate-supply curve)自然产出水平:(natural level of output)滞胀:(stagflation)34.货币政策和财政政策对总需求影响流动性偏好理论:(theory of liquidity)财政政策:(fisical policy)乘数效应:(multiplier effect)挤出效应:(crowding-out effect)自动稳定器:(automatic stabilizers)35.通胀与失业之间的短期权衡取舍菲利普斯曲线:(phillips curve)自然率假说:(natural-rate hypothesis)供给冲击:(supply shock)牺牲率:(sacrifice ratio)理性预期:(rational expectations)。

金融专业英语词汇大全一、基本金融术语1. 金融（Finance）：指货币的筹集、分配和管理活动。

2. 银行（Bank）：提供存款、贷款、支付结算等金融服务的机构。

3. 证券（Securities）：代表财产所有权或债权的凭证，如股票、债券等。

4. 投资（Investment）：将资金投入到某个项目或资产，以获取收益的行为。

5. 债务（Debt）：借款人向债权人承诺在一定期限内偿还本息的义务。

6. 股票（Stock）：股份有限公司发行的，代表股东对公司所有权和收益分配权的凭证。

7. 债券（Bond）：债务人向债权人发行的，承诺按一定利率支付利息并在到期日偿还本金的债务凭证。

8. 利率（Interest Rate）：资金的价格，反映资金借贷的成本。

9. 汇率（Exchange Rate）：一种货币兑换另一种货币的比率。

10. 通货膨胀（Inflation）：货币购买力下降，物价普遍持续上涨的现象。

二、金融衍生品词汇1. 金融衍生品（Financial Derivatives）：基于现货金融工具派生出来的新型金融工具。

2. 期货（Futures）：双方约定在未来某一时间、按约定的价格买卖某种标的物的合约。

3. 期权（Options）：买卖双方在未来一定期限内，按约定价格买入或卖出某种标的物的权利。

4. 掉期（Swap）：双方约定在未来某一时间，相互交换一系列现金流的合约。

5. 远期合约（Forward Contract）：双方约定在未来某一时间、按约定的价格买卖某种标的物的合约。

三、金融机构及监管部门词汇1. 中央银行（Central Bank）：国家金融政策制定和执行的机构，如中国人民银行。

2. 商业银行（Commercial Bank）：以盈利为目的，提供存款、贷款、支付结算等金融服务的银行。

3. 证券公司（Securities Company）：从事证券经纪、投资咨询、资产管理等业务的金融机构。