初中英语语法虚拟语气专项练习

初中英语语法虚拟语气专项练习1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______.A.breaksB.has brokenC.were brokenD.had been broken解析：答案为C。

本题考查的是as if 引导的让步状语从句中的语气问题，as if引导的状语从句如果与事实一致，不用虚拟语气，如果与事实相反，应用虚拟语气。

题中“当铅笔的一部分浸在水中，铅笔看上去好像断了”。

而实际上铅笔并未断，与事实相反，前半部分陈述是一般现在时，因而本句是对一般现在时的虚拟，用were broken。

2. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she ___________, she would have met m y brother.A.has comeB.did comeC.cameD.had come解析：答案为D。

本题考查的是if条件句中的虚拟语气。

题意是：我在会议上没看到你姐姐，故你姐姐没来。

因此如果“她来了”与事实相反，前面一句交代了虚拟语气的时态是一般过去时的虚拟，所以if从句中用had+过去分词。

3. —If he ___________, he ________that food.—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A.was warned; would not takeB.had been warned; would not have takenC.would be warned; had not takenD.would have been warned; had not taken解析：答案为B。

本题考查的是条件状语从句与主句表示与事实相反时虚拟语气的用法。

根据下一句语境可知，他事先并没有得到警告，表示过去时间的虚拟语气，故选B。

4. If there were no subjunctive, English ______ much easier.A.will beB.would have beenC.could have beenD.would be解析：观察题干，可知全句表达的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。

故答案为D。

5. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ______ the rules.A.obeysB.obeyC.will obeyD.would obey解析：根据insist后的宾语从句谓语要用(should) do形式规律，可定正确答案是B。

6. I wish I _____ you yesterday.A.seenB.did seeC.had seenD.were to see解析：此题表与过去事实相反的原望，答案应为C。

7. —— If he _____ , he _____ that food.—— Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A.was warned;would not takeB.had been warned;would not have takenC.wuld be warned;had not takenD.would have been warned;had not taken解析：从对话看，是表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为B。

8. Without electricity human life _____ quite different today.A.isB.will beC.would have beenD.would be解析：without引出一个含蓄条件句，主句表述的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为D。

9. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it look as if it _____.A.breaksB.has brokenC.were brokenD.had been broken解析：放入水中的铅笔看上去是断的，但实际上并非如此，因此是与现在的事实相反，这时as if从句谓语要用一般过去时，故答案为C。

10. I didn he _____ , he would have said hello to me.A.would comeB.had comeC.cameD.did come解析：观察题目上下文，特别是第二句的主句谓语为would have said，可知if从句表述的是与过去事实相反的愿望，因此答案为B。

11. _____ it _____ for your help, I couldn have made any progress.A.Had;not beenB.Should;not beC.Did;not beD.Not;be解析：根据主句谓语形式，可知从句要用had done形式，故应选A，Had it not been fo r your help＝If it had not been for your help.（要不是你帮忙的话）12. Mr Smith was badly ill, or he _____ our dinner party.A.should come toB.would have attendedC.would come toD.should have attended解析：or可引导含蓄条件句，表达虚拟语气。

根据此题内容，可知是与过去事实相反的假设，故答案为B。

练习：一．用所给动词的适当形式填空：1.The boy isn’t hungry. If he ______ (be) hungry, he ______ (eat) the cake.2.He’s been away since last Sunday. If he ______ (be) here yesterday, he ______ (att end) the concert.3.I couldn’t keep away after twelve. If I ______ (work) all night, I ______ (finish) it in time.4.We didn’t know her address. If we ______ (know) it, we ______ (send) a note to h er.5.You’re late. If you ______ (come) a few minutes earlier, you ______ (meet) the fam ous woman scientist.6.He was careless. If he ______ (put) the gold watch in a safe place, he ______ (not lose) it.7.He isn’t here. If he ______ (be) here, he ______ (help) his sister learn to use the abacus.8.She _______ (be) busy now. If she _______ (be) free, she _______ (go) with you.9.The manager _______ (be) in his office now. If he ________ (be) here, everything _ ______ (be) settled in a minute.10.If I ________ (be) you, I _______ (not be) discouraged at all.二．单项选择1.If I ________ your book, I’ll give it to you.A. will findB. have foundC. findD. finds2. If I found your book, I ______ give it to you.A. willB. hadC. /D. would3. If he _______ the exam, he would fail it.A. would takeB. tookC. will takeD. takes4. What would you do if you ______ your passport in a foreign country.A. will loseB. lostC. lossesD. would lose5. If I invited Bill to the party, I _____ invite Linda too.A. would have toB. wouldC. will have toD. will must6. If we _______ go to the party next week, they would be very angry.A. don’t B can’t C. have to D. dinn’t7. ---Sahll I open all the windows?---Yes, please, if you _______.A. shallB. wouldC. canD. have to8. I don’t know _______, if he _______, I’ll tell you.A. if he comes, will comeB. if he will come, comesC. whether she comes, comesD. whether she will come, comes9. I wish I ______ younger.A. wereB. areC. amD. /10. Do you ever wish you ________?A. can flyB. have flownC. could flyD. would fly参考答案一．1. were, could/ would 2. had been, would have attended 3. had worked, would h ave finished 4. had known, would have sent 5. had come, would have met 6. had put , wouldn’t have lost 7. were, would help 8. is, were, would be 9. is, were, would be 10. were, should not be二．C D B B A D B B A C。