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Unit one1 the middle eastern...brick and stone: the ancient middle eastern bazaar can be traced back to many centuries ago, and the one i especially here has a Gothic-vaulted entrance of very old brick and stone.2 you pass from...in the shadowy distance: you walk through a big open square which is hot with sunshine. Then you come to a cool and dark street of shops whose ends extends out of your sights into the shadow in distance.3 the din of ...make you dizzy: the loud noise of the stall-sellers promoting their goods, of donkey-boys and porters crying forcefully and loudly as they move forward(let the pass-by to make a way for them), and of possible buyers discussing price continues without interruption and makes you feel mentally confused.4 then as you .... Muted cloth-market: then as you pass through deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance gradually disappears and you come to the relatively quiter cloth-market.5 bargaining if the order...beating the price down: bargaining is the greatest general interest of the day. And veiled woman wander from shop to shop, selecting the article of goods, asking the price of commodity, and bargaining initially before they reduce their number of choice of goods and seriously start to bargain with the seller.6 it is the point of..the last moment: it is considered important for the self-respect with the customer not to let the seller know what she really wants until the last time.7 the seller on the other…for the customer: to the seller on the other si de, he thinks it is necessary for him to declare that he is asking makes it impossible for him to gain any profit. And he is selling the goods at less than the cost because of his personal respect for the customer.8 as you approach it …on your ear: when y ou come near to the copper-smith market, you can hear a succession of ringing sounds, loud sounds which are made by violent blows and broken confused noises.9 it grows louder…lamps and braziers:it becomes louder and clearer until you make a turn in a corner.Then you can see quick bright lights moving up and down as the reflections the unsteady lights from the countless lamps and braziers thrown on the polished copper.It is a magic and fantastic scene.10 In each shop . . . With a hammer himself: Each shop has student workers--boys and youth ,some of them unbelievably young ---who are continuously hammering at copper containers of all kinds of shapes and sizes,while the shop-owner teachers and sometimes helps with a hammer.11 . . . The red of the live coals glowing . . . To he strokes of the bellows: The light of the burning coals becomes alternately bright an dim as the coals burn and die down,along with the repeated movements of the bellows.12 Here you can find .. .and strictly functional:Here you can find beautiful pots and bowls with fine , complicated and traditional designs ; you can also get simple household utensils for daily use, which are pleasant to look at but do not have any decoration on them and are strictly designed to serve practical purpose.13 Elsewhere there is ... And yet harmonious:Somewhere in the Bazaar is located the carpet-market.There you have a variety of carpets with vivid colour, woven in different ways, having designs of local characteristics . Some of the designs are clear cut ,well-marked and simple ; while others are very complicated , showing all the details and the different partscombined in a pleasing arrangement.14 ... In the maze of ... Honeycomb this bazaar : in the intricate windings of streets which pierce the bazaar from all directions an cut the bazaar into small sections like the honeycomb.15 Every here and there . . . Lie beside them :Every now and again , through a doorway you will be able to catch a brief view of a sunlit courtyard , perhaps before a mosque or a caravanserai , where camels lie arrogantly chewing their food , with the large bundles of goods they have carried hundreds of miles away in the desert beside them . A doorway gives a glimpse16 It is a vast , somber cavern of a room: It is a room that is like a huge ,dark cave.17 The pressing of . . . And their stone wheels :the pressing of the linseed pulp to obtain the oil is done by a huge shaky set of instrument of beams and ropes and pulleys which looks high to the vaulted ceiling and makes the strong camels and stone wheels look small.18 The machine is operated . . . Pulleys in motion : the machine is worked by one worker . He shovels the linseed pulp into a stone tank , the climbs up quickly to a height (which will make people dizzy) to fasten ropes and the uses his strength to press down a great beam (made of tree trunk) to move the ropes and pulleys .Unit 21. That must be …in Hiroshima Station: That should be what the man who is wearing the Japanese stationmaster’s uniform shouted, as the fa stest train in the world stopped smoothly in Hiroshima Station.2. And secondly…official might say: And secondly because I was choked with emotion and I was occupied with some sad thoughts which had no connection with what the stationmaster might say.3. T he very act of… I’ve previously taken: The fact that I was now in Hiroshima (stepping on its soil, breathing its air) was in itself a much more exciting experience for me than any trip I had taken or any reporting work I had done in the past.4. The Japane se crowd… that I had: The Japanese people did not seem to have the same thoughts as me judging by appearances.5. Little girls…in western dress: Young girls and aged ladies in traditional Japanese clothes meet and mix with young boys, girls and women who are wearing western style dress.6. Serious looking men… “Tomo aligado gozayimas”: Men with serious expressions spoke to each other as if they were so absorbed in their conversation that they seemed not to pay any attention to the crowds around them. And they bowed repeatedly as they said the regularly-used greetings: “Thank you very much.”7. “Hi! Hi!” said ..of a traveler: As soon as the taxi driver saw a traveler, he immediately opened the door and said: “ Hi! Hi!”8. The tall buildings …of the wheel: Th e high buildings passed swiftly and when the taxi driver made abrupt changes of direction, we sometimes swung to one side, sometimes to another side in response to the swaying motion of the car.9. Just as I …to ask the way: when I was starting to think that the journey was long, the taxi stopped with a hash piecing sound, and the driver got out and went to a policemen to ask the direction(to the City Hall).10. As in Tokyo…take them to find it: As in Tokyo, taxi drivers in Hiroshima often do not know much of their city. But in order to keep up dignity before foreigners, they will not confess thatthey have no idea about the destination and will agree to go where they are asked to without caring how long it will take them to find it.11. At last this inter mezzo … the gigantic City Hall: At last this entertainment ended and I suddenly discovered that I was in front of the gigantic City Hall.12. The usher…to my request for an interview: The doorkeeper bowed deeply and uttered a long sigh, almost like playing music, when I gave him to see the invitation from the mayor which is an answer to my request for an interview.13. The rather arresting…the Kimono and the miniskirt: The rather striking picture of traditional Japan floating houses among high modern buildings represents the constant struggle between old traditional culture and the new Western style.14. At the door… to remove my shoes: At the door of the restaurant, an attractive woman with a fair delicate complexion and traditional Kimono asked me to take off me shoes.15. This done…in my socks: After taking off my shoes, I entered one of the low-ceilinged rooms of the adrift houses. I was not accustomed to walking in my socks so I walked carefully on the soft tatami matting, suffering from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the prospect of meeting the major of Hiroshima in my socks.16. Quite unexpectedly…to die in slow agony: Quite out of the expectation, I was again overcome by a guilty conscience as I had been when I first arrived at the station. And the thought that I now stood on the site of the first atomic bombardment once again overwhelmed me. Here large numbers of people had been killed in one second; while another large plenty of people died slowly and in great pain.17. After three days…e xtraordinary flexible: After three days in Japan, one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual to show gratitude.18. There were fresh …Hiroshima was repeated: The mayor mentioned Hiroshima repeatedly and the faces of the foreigners (including the author) became more and more serious.19. Seldom has a city…for its oysters: Seldom has a city become so world famous and I am glad to welcome everyone to Hiroshima because Hiroshima was famous for its oysters.20. I was just about to…out of my reverie: I w as on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenly realized what he meant.21. No one talks lived through it: No one talks about it any longer, and no one wants to talk about it, especially the people who were born here or who survived from it.22. There are two different…at the point of impact: There are tow kinds of thoughts in this city, one that would like to maintain and protect the signs of destruction caused by the bomb, and the other that would like to wipe out everything, even the monument that was constructed at the exact point over where the bomb exploded.23. If you write about…and burns: If you write about this city, remember to say that it is the most pleasure-loving city in Japan, even if many of the town’s people still carry t he visible and invisible wounds.24. I though somehow I had been spared: I thought for some reason or other I had not been affected.25. …ever since then they have been testing and treating me: … since then they have tested and treated me constantly.26. I t is humiliating…those who do not: It is a disgrace for an atomic victim to remain alive in this city. If you carry any visible scars of atomic burns, your children will be looked down upon bythose who are not atomic victims.27. People are afraid of genetic damage from the radiation: People fear that the effect of the atomic radiation may be hereditary.28. Each day I…add it to the others: One more day of suffering would mean a day nearer to my death (free from worldly trifles). Everyday I make a new little paper bird and add it to the others.29. I have the opportunity to improve my character: I have the chance to raise my moral standard, to purify my soul.Unit 51．The news was brought….of Russia: I heard the news that Hitler had invaded Russia.2．I had not the slightest….our policy lay: I was very clear about our responsibility and I knew exactly what our policy would be.3．I asked that….that night: I demanded that the department concerned should inform the people of the speech that I were to broadcast at 9 o’clock.4．Had surprised….grounded on the airfields: had attacked the Russians suddenly and unexpectedly and destroyed a large number of planes before that took off.5．I suppose they….in hordes: I think that the Red Army men will be surrounded and captured in surprisingly large numbers.6．Hilter was counting on….the U.S.A: Hitler thought that if he attacked Russia, he would win in Britain and U.S.A the support of the capitalists and those who were against Communism. 7．The same would be true of the U.S.A: As far as the U.S.A was concerned, they would also did their utmost to support Russia.8．….whether for him…. In the House of Rimmon: As for such an anti-communist like him, didn’t this mean that he was rejecting his previous attitude towards communism?9．If Hitler invaded Hell….the House of Commons: Even if Hitler violated Hell, a most hated place, I would still say some positive words for Devil, the foe of humankind, in the House of Commons.10．It is devoid of…. Racial domination: The Nazi regime does not have any ideal or guiding principle at all. All it has is a strong desire for conquest and rule by the “Nordic”race, the allegedly most superior race in the world.11．It excels all forms….ferocious aggression: The Nazi regime carried out its invasion so cruelly that it surpasses any action of this kind in human history.12．I will unsay…. Have spoken about it: I will never take back a single word of what a have said about the communism.13．The past, with its crimes….flashed away: What has happened before, like the crimes committed by….the unwise measures taken by it and the tragic suffering of its people, has been quickly forgotten.14．I see advancing….Nazi war machine: I can see the Nazi army launching violent attacks on all this.15．I see also the dull….crawling locusts: The monotonous, disciplined, obedient and savage German soldiers move on in massive formation from one place to another, just like a large crowd of moving locusts, resulting in destruction and death.16．The German bombers and fights….an easier and safer prey: The Nazi air force and just suffered severe losses in the aerial war against Britain. Thought still feeling painful about thedefeat, they now feel happy because they think they can easily beat the Russia air force with only a slight effort.17．Behind all this….horrors upon mankind: Behind all this hostility and fighting I see that a small group of wicked men who make the world suffer untold miseries and unparallel disasters. 18．I feel sure….in due course concur: I have no doubt that our Dominions will agree with us at the appropriate tiem.19．But can you doubt what….will be? : There is no doubt what our policy will be. 20．From this nothing will….nothing: There is nothing that can turn us back from our purpose.21．If Hitler imagines that….woefully mistaken: If Hitler thinks that because of his attack we will not be so united or determined as to fight against him, he will find himself deplorably wrong.22．When by united action….from this catastrophe: If they had fought in a unified way, they might have saved themselves and therefore saved the world.23．He wished to destroy….of his crimes: The main reason is that he wants to destroy Russia so as to draw his troops back from Russia to Britain to conquer it. And Hitler knows clearly if he fails to crush Britain, he will be destroyed for the crimes he has committed.24．The scene will be….the final act: There will be nothing to prevent Hitler from conquering all the countries in the Western Hemisphere.Unit 61、She had dispatched her maid on an invented errand:The Duchess had fabricated a task and sent her maid away on purpose.2、A wave of cigar…in:Ogilvie came into the room smoking his cigar.3、Would you kindly…out:We do mind people smoking here, so please put out the cigar.4、Encompassing the Duke…uncertainly:Seeing the Duke who stood in front of them, totally at a loss.5、Pretty neat set-up…gotIt is a fairly wonderful room that you have got.6、I imagine you…discuss décor:I don’t think you came here just to talk about the arrangement and furniture of this suite.7、There’s things…to check:There are some things worth investigating.8、You two was…hit-‘n-run:Both of you are guilty of striking the pedestrians but running away in order not to be identified.9、This is for real:This is truly so in actuality.10、Cut it out:Shut up!11、All pretense of blandness gone:Ogilvie threw away all his pretended politeness.12、Your high-an’-mightiness:My haughty and overbearing Duchess.13、High-tailed it:Leave in a hurry.14、They’ll throw the book…who it hits:They will impose a severe penalty on the criminal in accordance to law, not caring a bit about who will be punished.15、If you want it the other way:If you refuse to accept my offer and prefer to go to law.16、It’s no go, old girl. I’m afraid. It was a good try:I’m afraid it is of no use to dispute against him over this matter, my old woman. It was a good attempt to negotiate with the detective.17、Now we’re getting somewhere:We’re now making s ome progress.18、I’ll spell it out:I will speak out in a frank and detailed way.19、But beyond wrinkling…no comment:She only puckered her nose to show her dislike for the offending cigar, but she did not rebuke him.20、Leastways, I guess…too fussy:I guess if you are not excessively sensitive about what words to use, at least you would call her your ‘lady friend’.21、Like letting me know what gives:For example, telling me what happens.22、There ain’t much…hear about:If anyone staying in this hotel has done anything improper or wrong, I always get to know it. Nothing can escape me.23、Though the way things…have drove:Judging from what happened later, if it were your wife that drove, probably you would not have been involved in such an accident.24、I reckon you were lickered up:I think you got drunk.25、Then you don’t know:There for you know nothing for sure; all you have been talking is just your speculation.26、Looked right shaken, too, the pair of you:Both of you appeared to be agitated and shocked.27、Took a quiet look-see at your car:Took a quick examination of your car without being noticed.28、I shoulda told…the black paint:I should have told you there is lots of blood stain on your car although it does not show in the black coating.29、You people are hot:You two are wanted by the police.30、Her husband now…spectator:Her husband now watches nervously and anxiously, incapable of taking an active part.31、With calculated coolness:The Duchess was not cool at all, but she deliberately pretended to be calm.32、Their speech and manner would betray them:Their way of speaking and doing things would reveal their identity.33、Or had they?Or had the risks to be taken?34、Eyes bored into him:She looked at him sharply as if she could see through him.35、When you were…the highest bid:When your reputation and career were a stake, you had to pay the highest price.36、She must do so…beyond any doubt:She must offer him so much money as to make sure that Ogilvie would undoubtedly agree to do what she would ask him to do however dangerous it was.37、This cigar botherin’you, Duchess?If this cigar is bothering you, I will put it out.。
期中测试卷(1-4单元)考试时间：60分钟满分：100分成绩：听力部分(30 分)一听两遍录音，选出与所听内容相符的图片。
(5分)二听两遍录音，给下列图片排序。
(5分)三听两遍录音，选出合适的答语。
(5分)( )1. A. Yes, they are. B. Yes, there is. C. Yes, there are. ( )2. A. There are many books. B. It's on the third floor.C. I usually read books there.( )3. A. They are 24. B. There are 24. C. It's 24.( )4. A. He is watching films. B. He likes drawing.C. He likes his animal friends.( )5. A. It's a desk. B. There is a music room. C. There are some flowers.四听两遍录音，根据所听对话及问题，选择正确的答案。
(5分)( )1. A. It's a dog. B. It's a fish. C. It's a cat.( )2. A. On the 1st floor. B. On the 2nd floor. C. On the 3rd floor.( )3. A. It's too soft. B. It's too hard. C. It's just right.( )4. A. Swimming. B. Drawing. C. Skating.( )5. A. Two legs. B. Four legs. C. No legs.五听两遍录音，填入所缺单词。
(10分)Hello, I am Nancy. I am new here. I a lot of new friends on the day of school. Yang Ling me our school. There are classrooms in our school. My classroom is on the floor. There is a big in the of the classroom. There are some on the teacher's desk. What a classroom!笔试部分(70 分)一选出下列句子中画线部分音标不同的一项。
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高一英语上学期期中阅读理解九篇（四）ysz9一BBC News SundayWe are currently planning our Volunteer Program, which will ensure volunteers are trained and ready to go for 2012. Up to 70, 000 volunteers will be needed to help put on the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games。
Our program will aim to encourage a wide range of people to join in. We will provide the training to make sure our volunteers’ skills are of the highest standard。
London 2012 is an opportunity to inspire everyone to develop their interests and volunteer—in sport and also more widely within their community.Ap plications will open in 2010. We’ll recruit (招募) volunteers from across the UK—from a range of communities and backgrounds。
高级英语阅读教程（上册）Lesson1-4 期中复习资料一、单词配对1.bane : a cause of harm, ruin, or death 祸根，祸害2.exclusive : reserved for or limited to the person or group concerned 独有的，专用的3.dispense: to deal out in parts or portions; distribute & to prepare and distribute (medicine),esp. on prescription 分配，分发4.rebellion : an act or a show of defiance toward an authority or established convention 叛乱，反抗5.straitjacket : a severe restriction or limitation 紧身衣，约束6.authoritarianism : policy of unquestioning obedience to the authority of a dictator or adictatorial group 独裁主义7.paradox : a seemingly contradictory statement that may nonetheless be true 悖论8.paradoxical : seemingly contradictory but nonetheless possibly true 矛盾的，似是而非的9.decolonization : giving political independence to a country that was previously a colony.≠colonization 非殖民地化10.premature : happening before the proper or expected time 过早的，不成熟的11.underprivileged : lacking opportunities or advantages enjoyed by other members of one'scommunity; deprived 贫困的12.disparity : difference or inequality 不同，差异13.relegate : ~ sb/sth. (to sth.) dismiss sb/sth to a lower or less important rank, task or state 降职，降级14.erode : to wear (sth.) away by or as if by abrasion 腐蚀，削弱15.prerogative : right or privilege, esp one belonging to a particular person or group 特权16.spur : something that serves as a goad or an incentive 刺激17.precede : to come or go before in time, order, rank, or position 在---之前，先于18.reflex : an uncontrollable reaction of your body to something that you feel, see, or experience反射作用19.enmity : deep-seated, often mutual hatred; hostility 仇恨，敌意20.ingenious : very clever and original; marked by inventive skill and imagination 聪明的,别出心裁的21.unanimous : of one mind; in complete agreement; agreed 一致的22.vocal : expressing one‘s opinions or feelings freely in speech; outspoken直言不讳的23.dreadful : extremely unpleasant; distasteful or shocking 可怕的，糟糕的24.enact : to act (sth.) out, as on a stage 展现，发生25.imprecation: sth. rude, angry, or hostile that is said to or about someone ; a curse 诅咒26.eject : ~ sb/sth (from sth.) to throw out forcefully; expel 喷射，驱逐27.contrive : manage (to do sth.) in spite of difficulties 想尽办法做28.loophole : way of escaping a rule, the terms of a contract, etc 漏洞，空子29.predilection : ~ (for sth.) special liking (for sth.); preference 偏爱30.contract : catch or develop (an illness) 感染31.pat : exactly right; appropriate 合适的32.rebuff : n. a blunt or abrupt repulse or refusal, as to an offer 断然拒绝, 冷落& v. to rejectbluntly 断然拒绝pose : to make (oneself) calm or tranquil 使--平静, 冷静34.discompose : make (sb) feel uneasy or uncomfortable 使不安; 使烦恼35.sardonic : expressing scorn; mocking 嘲笑的; 讥笑的36.optical : of or relating to sight; visual 视觉的37.click : a brief, sharp sound 卡嗒声38.nape : back part of the neck 颈背39.intercede : ~ (with sb) (for/on behalf of sb) to plead on another's behalf 调解，求情40.intercession : entreaty in favor of another, especially a prayer or petition to God in behalf ofanother 调解，求情41.astound : to astonish and bewilder; amaze 使震惊; 使大惊42.blunt : having a dull edge or end; not sharp 不锋利的; 钝的& frank and straightforward;not trying to be polite or tactful 直率的, 不客气的43.derisive : mocking; jeering 嘲笑的; 嘲弄的44.note : ~ (of sth.) a quality (of sth.); hint or suggestion (of sth.) 含义，特征45.poise : be or keep (sth.) balanced or suspended 使（某物）平衡或悬起46.incongruous : strange because not in harmony with the surrounding features; out of place 不协调的, 前后不一的47.congruous : appropriate or harmonious 适合的，协调的48.mug : a heavy cylindrical drinking cup usually having a handle 缸子（圆筒形有柄大杯）49.hurl : throw sth. violently and with a lot of force 猛掷50.duck : move (esp one's head) down quickly, to avoid being seen or hit 迅速低下（尤指头）（以免被看见或被打中）51.shatter : break suddenly and violently into small pieces 粉碎52.wreck : completely destory or ruin sth. 破坏53.pot-belly : (a) large protruding belly (b) person who has this 啤酒肚，大肚子54.pot-bellied : (of a person) having a pot-belly55.misdirect : ~ sb/sth (to sth.) instruct sb to go to the wrong place 指错方向56.relive : to undergo or experience sth. again, especially in the imagination 再体验（某种经历）, 再经历57.vaccine : substance that is injected into the bloodstream and protects the body by making ithave a mild form of the disease 疫苗; 菌苗58.counteract : act against and reduce the force or effect of (sth.) 对抗; 抵消59.underwrite : to support / undertake to finance 同意资助60.novel : strikingly new, unusual, or different 新奇的，异常的61.inoculate : ~ sb (with sth.) (against sth.) to inject a weak form of a disease into one’s body asa way of protecting them against the disease（给某人）接种, 打预防针62.fastidious : difficult to please; possessing or displaying careful, meticulous attention todetail 难以取悦的; 吹毛求疵的63.succumb : ~ (to sth.) stop resisting (temptation, illness, attack, etc); yield; give in 屈服, 屈从64.infectious : easily or readily communicated 传染的, 有感染力的65.agent : a force or substance that causes a change66.conclusive : convincing; decisive; ending doubt 令人信服的, 确凿的, 消除怀疑的67.exotic : unusual or different; excitingly strange 异国的, 奇异的68.antibodies : are substances which a person's or an animal's body produces in their blood inorder to destroy substances which carry disease 抗体（血液中形成的抵抗并杀死病菌的物质）69.optimal (optimum) : most favorable or desirable 最理想的, 最佳的70.irreversible : impossible to reverse or revoke; unalterable 不能更改的71.narcotics : drugs such as opium or heroin which make you sleepy and stop you feeling pain麻醉剂; 毒品72.succour/succor : assistance in time of distress; relief 援助; 援救73.solace : comfort or relief (from pain, trouble, distress, etc) 安慰; 慰藉74.lobby : ~ (sb) (for sth.) to try to influence the thinking of legislators or other public officialsfor or against a specific cause 游说（政治家等）支持或反对某立法议案75.stagnate : cease to flow; exist in a changeless situation 不流动; 成为死水;停滞; 不景气76.adverse : not favorable; contrary 不利的，相反的77.crumble : to fall into small fragments or particles; disintegrate 破碎，崩溃78.crunch : a critical moment or situation, especially one that occurs because of a shortage oftime or resources 关键时刻79.stride : walk with long steps 大步80.thwart : to prevent the occurrence, realization, or attainment of sth. 阻挠; 阻止81.arousal : a state in which you feel excited or very alert, for example as a result of fear, stress,or anger 觉醒82.assault : a violent physical or verbal attack 突袭; 突击83.churn : beat (milk or cream) to make butter & move about violently 翻腾84.jag : a period of concentrated activity, strong emotion, etc. 一阵集中的活动等85.insomnia : chronic inability to fall asleep 失眠86.clench : close (sth.) tightly or press (two things) firmly together 紧握，咬紧87.afflict : ~ sb/sth (with sth.) to cause suffering or unhappiness to; distress greatly 使苦恼, 折磨88.surveillance : careful watching of someone, especially by an organization such as the policeor the army 监视, 监督89.liken : ~ sth to sth (fml ) show the resemblance between sth.; compare 把...比作...90.accumulate : collect or gather sth. over a period of time 积累, 聚积91.grind : crush sth to very small pieces or to powder 磨碎; 碾碎92.caution : to advise to take heed; warn or admonish 警告, 劝告93.impair : weaken or damage (sth.) 损害94.repertoire : the stock of songs, plays, operas, readings, or other pieces that a player orcompany is prepared to perform. 全部节目&the range or number of skills, aptitudes, or special accomplishments of a particular person or group 全部本领95.hassle : ~ (with sb.) to argue or fight;争辩; 争吵to bother or harass 烦扰; 搅扰96.fantasize : imagining that sth. is happening, although it is untrue or unlikely to happen 幻想97.Transcendental refers to things that lie beyond the practical experience of ordinary people,and cannot be discovered or understood by ordinary reasoning 超越经验的, 形而上学的, 先验的98.imagery : (Psychology) A technique in behavior therapy in which the patient uses 意象pleasant fantasies to relax and counteract anxiety99.revitalize : to impart new life or vigor to 使恢复生机; 使新生100.stamina : the physical or mental energy needed to do a tiring activity for a long time 精力101.sap : gradually weaken or destroy 削弱，逐步破坏102.fleeting : passing quickly; lasting only a short time 短暂的;飞逝的103.transitory : lasting for only a short time; transient 转瞬即逝的104.savor : n. taste or flavor of sth.味道, 滋味v1: to taste or smell, especially with pleasurev2: to appreciate fully; enjoy or relish二、课文填空1.If an international commission which has reported to UNESCO is right,education throughoutthe world is likely to change __out of recognition__ in the next generation.2.Fixed subjects and curricula are likely to go __into the melting pot__ and schoolsthemselves,of not as physical locations then at least as places exclusively for children,are __threatened with__ extinction.3.The International Commission on the Development of Education which arrived at theseconclusions was ___called on___ to make proposals that would help governments __work out__ strategies to meet their own educational situations.4.Why?Because the tradition they were established to pass on became __a deadweight___ ,because school became an institution instead of __an approach to life__ .5.The move towards democracy in schooling has several causes,including the general___demand for___ qualified labor to __meet the demands of__ stepped-up technology.6.Nutrition,family background and factors like housing all __play a role__ in success at school.7.Real solutions to the problems of inequality can only be found in a sweeping re-organization__on the lines of__ permanent,lifelong education.8.Grown-ups who want to turn to,say,radio engineering will not necessarily have the time to__plow through__ the whole syllabus of heat and light before they __come to__ sound.cation rarely equips the individual for __adapting to__ change,to the unknown.10.But now they were ready for me and,though some dreadful scenes were __subsequentlyenacted__ in that restaurant,I never ate them again.11.They really believed that I was mad.And it did begin to __work on my mind__ ,of course;Ibegan to be afraid to go anywhere and to __compensate for__ this I went places to which I really should not have gone.12.It began to seem that the __machinery of the origanization__ I worked for was turningover,day and night,with but one aim;to __eject me__ .13.There is not a Negro alive who does not have this rage in his blood--one has thechoice,merely,of living with it consciously or __surrendering to__ it.14.Almost every detail of that night __stands out__ very clearly in my memory.I even rememberthe name of the movie we saw because its title impressed me as being so __patly ironical__ .15.When we walked in the counterman asked what we wanted and I remember answering withthe __casual sharpness__ which I had become my habit.I don't know why,after a year of such rebuffs,I so completely failed to __anticipate his answer__ ,which was,of course,“We don't serve Negroes here.”16.I remember how their faces gleamed.And I felt,like a physical sensation,a click at __the napeof my neck__ as though some interior string connecting my head to my body had been cut. 17.She did not say it with the blunt,derisive hostility to which I had grown soaccustomed,but,rather,with ___a note of___ apology in her voice,and fear.18.Somehow,with the repetition of the phrase,which was already ringing in my head like ___athousand bells of a nightmare__ ,I realized that she would never come any closer and that I would have to strike ___from a distance___ .19.I could not ___get over___ two facts,both equally difficult for the imagination to grasp,andone was that I could have been murdered.20.Why is the nation unwilling or unable to __expend the effort___ and money to launch anapplied-biology and bio-engineering effort to develop and test a vaccine?21.It is remarkable only for the fastidious way in which it chooses the cell it will attach to,enterand __take over___ .22.HTLV III is a new virus,but it's known properties so far suggest that it is not so exotic as tobe __beyond the grasp of___ recombinant DNA techniques.23.It is not enough to offer __succor and solace__ .Physicians and scientists should __lobby__actively __for__ a nationwide effort to develop an AIDS vaccine.24.Some take life's large and small obstacles __in stride__ ,regarding them as a challenge tosucceed __in spite of everything__ .Others are thwarted by every __unexpected turn of events__ ,from a traffic delay to a serious illness in the family.25.Problems arise when the stress reaction is frequently __called into play__ for inappropriatecircumstances,such as a missed bus,long line,or reservation mix-up,or when the circumstances of your life __result in__ more stress than you can handle at any one time. 26.Whereas some stress reduction programs offer only techniques to __induce relaxation__ ,Dr.Tubesing's simply written self-help guide helps you __get to the roots of__ your stress reactions and modify them.He points out that most stress is not the result of great tragedies,but rather ___an accumulation of___ minor irritations that “grind us down over the years”.27.Too often propel turn to the wrong solutions for stress relief,such as tranquilizers,sleepingpills,alcohol,and cigarettes,and end up further impairing their health while doing nothing to ___gain an upper hand on___ the causes of their stress reactions.Others ___resort to___ short-term solutions--shouting,crying,taking a hot bath--that help for a while.三、英译英cation's products will not be measured in terms of so much knowledge dispensed but of completely developed human beings.Graduates from school will not be evaluated by how much knowledge they learn at school but the standard whether they are fully developed or not.2.Learning is both natural and necessary to him,but the systems he has set up have all had a tendency to set out to be a system and to end up as a straitjacket.It is normal and essential for human beings to learn but the system they establish all tend to be a system at the beginning,but always end as something that it is very limiting and restricting.3.The universal right to education,in which contemporary civilization takes such prematurepride,is often refused to the most underprivileged.It's too early for modern civilization to feel proud itself for the universal right to education but this right is often declined to the poor or people of lower class.4.I learned in New Jersey that to be a Negro meant, precisely, that one was never looked at but was simply at the mercy of the reflexes the color of one's skin caused in other people.When I was in New Jersey ,I came to know that a black person will never be regarded seriously and that how you will be treated only depends on other people’s instinctive reaction to your black skin.5.My reputation in town naturally enhanced my reputation at work and my working day became one long series of acrobatics designed to keep me out of trouble.My reputation in town surely damaged my reputation at work .I had to act skillfully like an acrobat to keep myself free from trouble.6.I had scarcely arrived before I had earned the enmity, which was extraordinarily ingenious, of all my superiors and nearly all my co-workers.As soon as I arrived ,I found that all my superiors and colleagues hated me and treated me with hostility，which was expressed very cleverly or skillfully.7.It began to seem that the machinery of the organization I worked for was turning over, day and night, with but one aim: to eject me.The organization I worked for was like a heartless machine that turned day and night，aiming to throw me out.8.The time has come for the Government to underwrite a nationwide effort to produce an effective vaccine against HTLV III,the virus that causes AIDS.Though a frightening new disease,AIDS is no longer so novel that such an effort would be premature.It's time for the Government to support nationwide effort to develop an effective vaccine against HTLV III,the virus that causes AIDS.Though AIDS is a new and terrifying disease,it is not so new and different that it will be too early for us to make some efforts to develop a vaccine against it.9.Our political leaders apparently do not wish to be involved with this minority.As a result,the clock runs out on thousands of victims without even the beginning of an effort to develop the vaccine that might prevent new cases from occurring.Our leaders obviously do not want to have anything to do with this small group of people.As a result,thousands of patients came to end their lives before we began to make efforts to develop the vaccine that might be helpful in preventing new cases.10.Yet others crumble when the crunch is on or the overload light flashes.Some take life's large and small obstacles in stride,regarding them as a challenge to succeed in spite of everything. Other people may collapse when the critical time comes or when they are burdened with too much stress.Some people can deal with all kinds of difficulties easily,regarding them as a challenge to succeed and not being prevented by anything.11.A body lacking in physical stamina is in no shape to handle stress.An exercise tune-up can increase your emotional as well as your physical strength.Exercise enhances,rather than saps,your energy;it also has a distinct relaxing effect.A body that lacks physical strength is not fit enough to cope with stress.Adjustment of your body through exercise can increase your physical and emotional strength.Exercise can improve ,but not reduce your energy;its relaxing effect is quite obvious.。
高级英语阅读教程（上册）Lesson1-4 期中复习资料一、单词配对1.bane : a cause of harm, ruin, or death 祸根，祸害2.exclusive : reserved for or limited to the person or group concerned 独有的，专用的3.dispense: to deal out in parts or portions; distribute & to prepare and distribute (medicine),esp. on prescription 分配，分发4.rebellion : an act or a show of defiance toward an authority or established convention 叛乱，反抗5.straitjacket : a severe restriction or limitation 紧身衣，约束6.authoritarianism : policy of unquestioning obedience to the authority of a dictator or adictatorial group 独裁主义7.paradox : a seemingly contradictory statement that may nonetheless be true 悖论8.paradoxical : seemingly contradictory but nonetheless possibly true 矛盾的，似是而非的9.decolonization : giving political independence to a country that was previously a colony.≠colonization 非殖民地化10.premature : happening before the proper or expected time 过早的，不成熟的11.underprivileged : lacking opportunities or advantages enjoyed by other members of one'scommunity; deprived 贫困的12.disparity : difference or inequality 不同，差异13.relegate : ~ sb/sth. (to sth.) dismiss sb/sth to a lower or less important rank, task or state 降职，降级14.erode : to wear (sth.) away by or as if by abrasion 腐蚀，削弱15.prerogative : right or privilege, esp one belonging to a particular person or group 特权16.spur : something that serves as a goad or an incentive 刺激17.precede : to come or go before in time, order, rank, or position 在---之前，先于18.reflex : an uncontrollable reaction of your body to something that you feel, see, or experience反射作用19.enmity : deep-seated, often mutual hatred; hostility 仇恨，敌意20.ingenious : very clever and original; marked by inventive skill and imagination 聪明的,别出心裁的21.unanimous : of one mind; in complete agreement; agreed 一致的22.vocal : expressing one‘s opinions or feelings freely in speech; outspoken直言不讳的23.dreadful : extremely unpleasant; distasteful or shocking 可怕的，糟糕的24.enact : to act (sth.) out, as on a stage 展现，发生25.imprecation: sth. rude, angry, or hostile that is said to or about someone ; a curse 诅咒26.eject : ~ sb/sth (from sth.) to throw out forcefully; expel 喷射，驱逐27.contrive : manage (to do sth.) in spite of difficulties 想尽办法做28.loophole : way of escaping a rule, the terms of a contract, etc 漏洞，空子29.predilection : ~ (for sth.) special liking (for sth.); preference 偏爱30.contract : catch or develop (an illness) 感染31.pat : exactly right; appropriate 合适的32.rebuff : n. a blunt or abrupt repulse or refusal, as to an offer 断然拒绝, 冷落& v. to rejectbluntly 断然拒绝pose : to make (oneself) calm or tranquil 使--平静, 冷静34.discompose : make (sb) feel uneasy or uncomfortable 使不安; 使烦恼35.sardonic : expressing scorn; mocking 嘲笑的; 讥笑的36.optical : of or relating to sight; visual 视觉的37.click : a brief, sharp sound 卡嗒声38.nape : back part of the neck 颈背39.intercede : ~ (with sb) (for/on behalf of sb) to plead on another's behalf 调解，求情40.intercession : entreaty in favor of another, especially a prayer or petition to God in behalf ofanother 调解，求情41.astound : to astonish and bewilder; amaze 使震惊; 使大惊42.blunt : having a dull edge or end; not sharp 不锋利的; 钝的& frank and straightforward;not trying to be polite or tactful 直率的, 不客气的43.derisive : mocking; jeering 嘲笑的; 嘲弄的44.note : ~ (of sth.) a quality (of sth.); hint or suggestion (of sth.) 含义，特征45.poise : be or keep (sth.) balanced or suspended 使（某物）平衡或悬起46.incongruous : strange because not in harmony with the surrounding features; out of place 不协调的, 前后不一的47.congruous : appropriate or harmonious 适合的，协调的48.mug : a heavy cylindrical drinking cup usually having a handle 缸子（圆筒形有柄大杯）49.hurl : throw sth. violently and with a lot of force 猛掷50.duck : move (esp one's head) down quickly, to avoid being seen or hit 迅速低下（尤指头）（以免被看见或被打中）51.shatter : break suddenly and violently into small pieces 粉碎52.wreck : completely destory or ruin sth. 破坏53.pot-belly : (a) large protruding belly (b) person who has this 啤酒肚，大肚子54.pot-bellied : (of a person) having a pot-belly55.misdirect : ~ sb/sth (to sth.) instruct sb to go to the wrong place 指错方向56.relive : to undergo or experience sth. again, especially in the imagination 再体验（某种经历）, 再经历57.vaccine : substance that is injected into the bloodstream and protects the body by making ithave a mild form of the disease 疫苗; 菌苗58.counteract : act against and reduce the force or effect of (sth.) 对抗; 抵消59.underwrite : to support / undertake to finance 同意资助60.novel : strikingly new, unusual, or different 新奇的，异常的61.inoculate : ~ sb (with sth.) (against sth.) to inject a weak form of a disease into one’s body asa way of protecting them against the disease（给某人）接种, 打预防针62.fastidious : difficult to please; possessing or displaying careful, meticulous attention todetail 难以取悦的; 吹毛求疵的63.succumb : ~ (to sth.) stop resisting (temptation, illness, attack, etc); yield; give in 屈服, 屈从64.infectious : easily or readily communicated 传染的, 有感染力的65.agent : a force or substance that causes a change66.conclusive : convincing; decisive; ending doubt 令人信服的, 确凿的, 消除怀疑的67.exotic : unusual or different; excitingly strange 异国的, 奇异的68.antibodies : are substances which a person's or an animal's body produces in their blood inorder to destroy substances which carry disease 抗体（血液中形成的抵抗并杀死病菌的物质）69.optimal (optimum) : most favorable or desirable 最理想的, 最佳的70.irreversible : impossible to reverse or revoke; unalterable 不能更改的71.narcotics : drugs such as opium or heroin which make you sleepy and stop you feeling pain麻醉剂; 毒品72.succour/succor : assistance in time of distress; relief 援助; 援救73.solace : comfort or relief (from pain, trouble, distress, etc) 安慰; 慰藉74.lobby : ~ (sb) (for sth.) to try to influence the thinking of legislators or other public officialsfor or against a specific cause 游说（政治家等）支持或反对某立法议案75.stagnate : cease to flow; exist in a changeless situation 不流动; 成为死水;停滞; 不景气76.adverse : not favorable; contrary 不利的，相反的77.crumble : to fall into small fragments or particles; disintegrate 破碎，崩溃78.crunch : a critical moment or situation, especially one that occurs because of a shortage oftime or resources 关键时刻79.stride : walk with long steps 大步80.thwart : to prevent the occurrence, realization, or attainment of sth. 阻挠; 阻止81.arousal : a state in which you feel excited or very alert, for example as a result of fear, stress,or anger 觉醒82.assault : a violent physical or verbal attack 突袭; 突击83.churn : beat (milk or cream) to make butter & move about violently 翻腾84.jag : a period of concentrated activity, strong emotion, etc. 一阵集中的活动等85.insomnia : chronic inability to fall asleep 失眠86.clench : close (sth.) tightly or press (two things) firmly together 紧握，咬紧87.afflict : ~ sb/sth (with sth.) to cause suffering or unhappiness to; distress greatly 使苦恼, 折磨88.surveillance : careful watching of someone, especially by an organization such as the policeor the army 监视, 监督89.liken : ~ sth to sth (fml ) show the resemblance between sth.; compare 把...比作...90.accumulate : collect or gather sth. over a period of time 积累, 聚积91.grind : crush sth to very small pieces or to powder 磨碎; 碾碎92.caution : to advise to take heed; warn or admonish 警告, 劝告93.impair : weaken or damage (sth.) 损害94.repertoire : the stock of songs, plays, operas, readings, or other pieces that a player orcompany is prepared to perform. 全部节目&the range or number of skills, aptitudes, or special accomplishments of a particular person or group 全部本领95.hassle : ~ (with sb.) to argue or fight;争辩; 争吵to bother or harass 烦扰; 搅扰96.fantasize : imagining that sth. is happening, although it is untrue or unlikely to happen 幻想97.Transcendental refers to things that lie beyond the practical experience of ordinary people,and cannot be discovered or understood by ordinary reasoning 超越经验的, 形而上学的, 先验的98.imagery : (Psychology) A technique in behavior therapy in which the patient uses 意象pleasant fantasies to relax and counteract anxiety99.revitalize : to impart new life or vigor to 使恢复生机; 使新生100.stamina : the physical or mental energy needed to do a tiring activity for a long time 精力101.sap : gradually weaken or destroy 削弱，逐步破坏102.fleeting : passing quickly; lasting only a short time 短暂的;飞逝的103.transitory : lasting for only a short time; transient 转瞬即逝的104.savor : n. taste or flavor of sth.味道, 滋味v1: to taste or smell, especially with pleasurev2: to appreciate fully; enjoy or relish二、课文填空1.If an international commission which has reported to UNESCO is right,education throughoutthe world is likely to change __out of recognition__ in the next generation.2.Fixed subjects and curricula are likely to go __into the melting pot__ and schoolsthemselves,of not as physical locations then at least as places exclusively for children,are __threatened with__ extinction.3.The International Commission on the Development of Education which arrived at theseconclusions was ___called on___ to make proposals that would help governments __work out__ strategies to meet their own educational situations.4.Why?Because the tradition they were established to pass on became __a deadweight___ ,because school became an institution instead of __an approach to life__ .5.The move towards democracy in schooling has several causes,including the general___demand for___ qualified labor to __meet the demands of__ stepped-up technology.6.Nutrition,family background and factors like housing all __play a role__ in success at school.7.Real solutions to the problems of inequality can only be found in a sweeping re-organization__on the lines of__ permanent,lifelong education.8.Grown-ups who want to turn to,say,radio engineering will not necessarily have the time to__plow through__ the whole syllabus of heat and light before they __come to__ sound.cation rarely equips the individual for __adapting to__ change,to the unknown.10.But now they were ready for me and,though some dreadful scenes were __subsequentlyenacted__ in that restaurant,I never ate them again.11.They really believed that I was mad.And it did begin to __work on my mind__ ,of course;Ibegan to be afraid to go anywhere and to __compensate for__ this I went places to which I really should not have gone.12.It began to seem that the __machinery of the origanization__ I worked for was turningover,day and night,with but one aim;to __eject me__ .13.There is not a Negro alive who does not have this rage in his blood--one has thechoice,merely,of living with it consciously or __surrendering to__ it.14.Almost every detail of that night __stands out__ very clearly in my memory.I even rememberthe name of the movie we saw because its title impressed me as being so __patly ironical__ .15.When we walked in the counterman asked what we wanted and I remember answering withthe __casual sharpness__ which I had become my habit.I don't know why,after a year of such rebuffs,I so completely failed to __anticipate his answer__ ,which was,of course,“We don't serve Negroes here.”16.I remember how their faces gleamed.And I felt,like a physical sensation,a click at __the napeof my neck__ as though some interior string connecting my head to my body had been cut. 17.She did not say it with the blunt,derisive hostility to which I had grown soaccustomed,but,rather,with ___a note of___ apology in her voice,and fear.18.Somehow,with the repetition of the phrase,which was already ringing in my head like ___athousand bells of a nightmare__ ,I realized that she would never come any closer and that I would have to strike ___from a distance___ .19.I could not ___get over___ two facts,both equally difficult for the imagination to grasp,andone was that I could have been murdered.20.Why is the nation unwilling or unable to __expend the effort___ and money to launch anapplied-biology and bio-engineering effort to develop and test a vaccine?21.It is remarkable only for the fastidious way in which it chooses the cell it will attach to,enterand __take over___ .22.HTLV III is a new virus,but it's known properties so far suggest that it is not so exotic as tobe __beyond the grasp of___ recombinant DNA techniques.23.It is not enough to offer __succor and solace__ .Physicians and scientists should __lobby__actively __for__ a nationwide effort to develop an AIDS vaccine.24.Some take life's large and small obstacles __in stride__ ,regarding them as a challenge tosucceed __in spite of everything__ .Others are thwarted by every __unexpected turn of events__ ,from a traffic delay to a serious illness in the family.25.Problems arise when the stress reaction is frequently __called into play__ for inappropriatecircumstances,such as a missed bus,long line,or reservation mix-up,or when the circumstances of your life __result in__ more stress than you can handle at any one time. 26.Whereas some stress reduction programs offer only techniques to __induce relaxation__ ,Dr.Tubesing's simply written self-help guide helps you __get to the roots of__ your stress reactions and modify them.He points out that most stress is not the result of great tragedies,but rather ___an accumulation of___ minor irritations that “grind us down over the years”.27.Too often propel turn to the wrong solutions for stress relief,such as tranquilizers,sleepingpills,alcohol,and cigarettes,and end up further impairing their health while doing nothing to ___gain an upper hand on___ the causes of their stress reactions.Others ___resort to___ short-term solutions--shouting,crying,taking a hot bath--that help for a while.三、英译英cation's products will not be measured in terms of so much knowledge dispensed but of completely developed human beings.Graduates from school will not be evaluated by how much knowledge they learn at school but the standard whether they are fully developed or not.2.Learning is both natural and necessary to him,but the systems he has set up have all had a tendency to set out to be a system and to end up as a straitjacket.It is normal and essential for human beings to learn but the system they establish all tend to be a system at the beginning,but always end as something that it is very limiting and restricting.3.The universal right to education,in which contemporary civilization takes such prematurepride,is often refused to the most underprivileged.It's too early for modern civilization to feel proud itself for the universal right to education but this right is often declined to the poor or people of lower class.4.I learned in New Jersey that to be a Negro meant, precisely, that one was never looked at but was simply at the mercy of the reflexes the color of one's skin caused in other people.When I was in New Jersey ,I came to know that a black person will never be regarded seriously and that how you will be treated only depends on other people’s instinctive reaction to your black skin.5.My reputation in town naturally enhanced my reputation at work and my working day became one long series of acrobatics designed to keep me out of trouble.My reputation in town surely damaged my reputation at work .I had to act skillfully like an acrobat to keep myself free from trouble.6.I had scarcely arrived before I had earned the enmity, which was extraordinarily ingenious, of all my superiors and nearly all my co-workers.As soon as I arrived ,I found that all my superiors and colleagues hated me and treated me with hostility，which was expressed very cleverly or skillfully.7.It began to seem that the machinery of the organization I worked for was turning over, day and night, with but one aim: to eject me.The organization I worked for was like a heartless machine that turned day and night，aiming to throw me out.8.The time has come for the Government to underwrite a nationwide effort to produce an effective vaccine against HTLV III,the virus that causes AIDS.Though a frightening new disease,AIDS is no longer so novel that such an effort would be premature.It's time for the Government to support nationwide effort to develop an effective vaccine against HTLV III,the virus that causes AIDS.Though AIDS is a new and terrifying disease,it is not so new and different that it will be too early for us to make some efforts to develop a vaccine against it.9.Our political leaders apparently do not wish to be involved with this minority.As a result,the clock runs out on thousands of victims without even the beginning of an effort to develop the vaccine that might prevent new cases from occurring.Our leaders obviously do not want to have anything to do with this small group of people.As a result,thousands of patients came to end their lives before we began to make efforts to develop the vaccine that might be helpful in preventing new cases.10.Yet others crumble when the crunch is on or the overload light flashes.Some take life's large and small obstacles in stride,regarding them as a challenge to succeed in spite of everything. Other people may collapse when the critical time comes or when they are burdened with too much stress.Some people can deal with all kinds of difficulties easily,regarding them as a challenge to succeed and not being prevented by anything.11.A body lacking in physical stamina is in no shape to handle stress.An exercise tune-up can increase your emotional as well as your physical strength.Exercise enhances,rather than saps,your energy;it also has a distinct relaxing effect.A body that lacks physical strength is not fit enough to cope with stress.Adjustment of your body through exercise can increase your physical and emotional strength.Exercise can improve ,but not reduce your energy;its relaxing effect is quite obvious.。
