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专题10 定语从句【2017年高考命题预测】高考研究定语从句是英语三大类从句中最难的一类，其难点主要在于很多学生在学习时分不清先行词，不能正确使用关系代词、关系副词。
因此在学习定语从句时，务必搞清定语从句的概念、关系词的正确选择和使用情况等。
预测今后高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查。
【考点定位】2017考纲解读和近几年考点分布（1）考纲要求定语从句是高考的热点，对于定语从句考纲要求掌握以下内容：1.引导限制性定语从句的关系词；2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词；3.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别；4.介词+关系代词的用法；5.不定代词/数词+of which/whom引导的非限制性定语从句及其该结构与并列句的判断；6.关系词之间的异同现象及选用。
（2）命题规律一、主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。
二、高考对定语从句的考查仍将不会单纯考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。
【考点pk】名师考点透析考点1：关系代词一览表关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who 人主语Do you know the man who is talkingwith your mother?whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关whom 人宾语Mr. Smith i s the person with whomI am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in thewar..whose 人，物定语I like those books whose topics areabout history.The boy whose father works abroad ismy desk mate.系代词不能省略，也不可以用thatthat 人，物主语宾语A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.which 物主语宾语The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.as 人，物主语宾语He is such a person as is respectedby all of us.This is the same pen as I lostyesterday.as做宾语一般不省略关系副词when 时间时间状语I will never forget the day when wemet there.可用onwhichwhere 地点地点状语This is the house where I was born.可用inwhichwhy 原因原因状语I can’t imagine the reason why heturned down my offer.可用forwhich考点2：that与which，who，whom的用法区别that和which的用法区别:在定语从句中，关系代词which和 that都可指物，一般情况下，可以互换使用。
考点15 定语从句（核心考点精讲精练）1. 三年真题考点分布2. 命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于定语从句的考查共计8次，主要考查：1．定语从句中的关系代词；2．定语从句中关系副词；3. 非限制性定语从句的关系词；4.定语从句的先行词；5. 定语从句中的主谓一致；6. 定语从句中的时态。
【备考策略】系统归类定语从句的用法，尤其是关系代词和关系副词的用法；熟练掌握定语从句的相关考点。
【命题预测】2024年语法填空对定语从句的考查仍然是重点，主要集中考查关系代词和关系副词。
必备基础知识：在主从复合句中，修饰或限制某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
A. 先行词+ 连词（关系代词）+ 陈述句who 【先行词为人。
主语、宾语。
】whom 【先行词为人。
宾语。
】that【先行词为物/人。
主语、宾语。
】which 【先行词为物。
主语、宾语。
】B. 地方+ where(状语) + 陈述句【where = at/on/in which】时间+ when(状语) + 陈述句【when = at/on/in which】C. 先行词（物/人）+ whose + 名词…whose: 某人的/某物的D. 先行词(人) + 介词+ whom + 陈述句先行词(物) + 介词+ which + 陈述句重难点知识：考点1关系代词引导的定语从句1.（2023·全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life,with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.2. [2021·浙江1月]They’re the only thing _______ looks like human language in that respect.3.[2019·上海卷]The baby turtles emerge from the eggs after 45—0 days, then the babies grow without their mother, _______ is a rare phenomenon in nature.4.[2019·上海卷]For more information about our program, please visit our website, or contact our Undergraduate Chair, ________ information is listed above.【方法指导】1．who和whom指人，who在定语从句中作主语；whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。
单元十 定语从句（精讲案）——2024届高考英语解锁大单元一轮复习【通用版】一、定语从句的定义1. 定语从句：在复合句中对名词、代词、名词性短语、句子进行修饰、限定的从句2. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词3. 关系词：引导定语从句的词二、定语从句的分类限制性定语从句：He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has more than two sons.)他有两个在同一家公司上班的儿子。
非限制性定语从句：He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.)他有两个儿子，他们在同一家公司上班。
三、定语从句的关系词定语从句的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两类（1）who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略例：Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths.幸福和成功经常属于那些善于认识自己长处的人。
（2）whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略例：Do you know the boy (whom) we met at the gate?你认识我们在门口碰到的那个男孩吗？（3）whose既可以指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语，表示"……人的；……物的"先行词是人时，whose + n.相当于the + n. + of whom或of whom + the + n.先行词是物时，whose + n.相当于the + n. + of which或of which + the + n.例：The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.＝The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.＝The classroom of which the door is broken will soon be repaired.门坏了的那间教室将很快得到修缮。
高一英语导学案定语从句简单讲解（一）高一班姓名：设计人：耿明利审核人：时间2012.10.21 【概念理解】定语从句指在主从复合句中用作定语的从句。
定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词或者代词或整个主句，所以也称之为形容词性从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或者代词叫先行词，定语从句一般要放在先行词之后。
用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。
根据从句与主句关系的紧密程度，定语从句又分为限制性定语从句好而非限制性定语从句。
在学习定语从句时，要学会正确选用合适的关系代词或者关系副词，灵活的翻译非限定性定语从句，以及“介词+关系代词”结构中的介词的选择。
关系代词有：who 、whom、whose、that、which等。
关系副词有：when、where、why等。
关系副词引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词通常是表示时间、地点或者理由的名词，常见的关系副词有when、where、why等。
在定语从句中，关系副词用作状语。
[分步讲解]1 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和________保持一致。
1）who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。
例如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作________）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom/that在从句中作___）2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同_________互换）。
例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（定语从句）考点清单一、关系代词that和which要点精讲1：1.that用作关系代词，指人或物；在句中作主语、宾语，有时作表语；2.that用作关系副词，作方式状语（that相当于in which，可以省略），先行词是the way。
3.只用that不用which的场合：①先行词既为人又为物时；②先行词被序数词词或形容词最高级修饰时；③先行词是all, much, little, everything, nothing. anything等不定代词时；④先行词被only, very, little, all等修饰时。
【即时训练】用关系代词that或which填空。
1. I don’t like the way _______you speak to her.2. He is the only man __________ I can find for the work.3. He is no longer the man _________he was five years ago.4. The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.5. This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.6. John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.7. (2018·全国II)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___ ___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers---and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.【答案与解析】1. that。
关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。
具体情况是：1. As和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。
He was honest, as/which we can see.as 引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。
另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思which 指代整个句子不可置于句首只能位于主句后。
1. They d idn’t come to school on time, which made the teacher angry.2. The sports meeting was put off, which astonished (吃惊）us greatly.3. His father died last year, which made it impossible for him to go to school.4. He didn’t pass the exam, which disappointed his parents.as 引导定语从句，位置灵活，可位于句首、句中和句末。
As we all know, China is a developing country.The number of the visitors, as we had expected, was over 200.China is a great country with a long history, a s is known to all.注意:当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时,主句与从句有因果或并列，从句谓语动词是“系动词+adj" 使用whichOur class has won the volleyball match, which is inspiring.Tom suddenly fell ill, which made us sad. Tom突然病倒，这使得我们很伤心。
专题10 定语从句【2017年高考命题预测】高考研究定语从句是英语三大类从句中最难的一类，其难点主要在于很多学生在学习时分不清先行词，不能正确使用关系代词、关系副词。
因此在学习定语从句时，务必搞清定语从句的概念、关系词的正确选择和使用情况等。
预测今后高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查。
【考点定位】2017考纲解读和近几年考点分布（1）考纲要求定语从句是高考的热点，对于定语从句考纲要求掌握以下内容：1.引导限制性定语从句的关系词；2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词；3.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别；4.介词+关系代词的用法；5.不定代词/数词+of which/whom引导的非限制性定语从句及其该结构与并列句的判断；6.关系词之间的异同现象及选用。
（2）命题规律一、主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。
二、高考对定语从句的考查仍将不会单纯考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。
【考点pk】名师考点透析考点1：关系代词一览表考点2：that与which，who，whom的用法区别that和which的用法区别:在定语从句中，关系代词which和 that都可指物，一般情况下，可以互换使用。
但在下列情况下值得注意：(3) 当先行词由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，只能用that。
如：This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书。
(4) 当先行词同时包括人和物时，只能用that。
如：Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great. 人们认为我们所熟识的鲁迅及其作品都很伟大。
(5) 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时，只能用that。
如：This is a book that I have been looking for since last week. 这就是那本自上周以来我一直在寻找的书。
定语从句精讲精练——介词+关系代词引导的定语从句第一部分精讲——介词+关系代词引导的定语从句【知识点1】直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which 或whom，构成介词+which （指物）；介词+whom（指人）两种结构。
【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.【例】The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved. 【例】He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books.【例】It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago.【例】The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood.【知识点2】直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可省。
【例】The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner. 【例】The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved.【例】He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from. 【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago.【例】The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood.【知识点3】关系副词when, where, why 可以相应地转化为：介词+which 结构。
高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题九：定语从句定语从句是比较重要的语法项目。
《2017年一般高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中将定语从句列为必考项。
全国卷新课标Ⅰ对定语从句的考查一般在语法填空和短文改错中，主要考查定语从句引导词的用法。
2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ第64题（语法填空）考查了定语从句引导词that/which。
2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第65题（语法填空）考查了定语从句的引导词when。
2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ第70题（语法填空）考查了定语从句的引导词which。
基本概念：定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词、充当定语的句子叫定语从句。
因其功能相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句。
先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
关系词:引导定语从句的词，也叫引导词。
分为关系代词（who，whom，that，which，whose ,as）和关系副词(where，when，why)。
关系词要在定语从句中作某个成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。
限制性定语从句：对先行词起修饰限定作用的定语从句。
非限制性定语从句：对先行词或主句起补充说明作用的定语从句，通常引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开。
关系词及其意义：关系代词和关系副词功能有三个：①用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。
②关系代词和关系副词可作定语从句的一个成分。
关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语；关系副词可作状语。
③关系代词和关系副词在从句中代替在他前面的先行词。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
①The boys who are playing football are from Class One.②Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.③ That is the teacher who teaches us physics.2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
考点06 定语从句（核心考点精讲精练）近3年真题考点分布【思维导图】【知识梳理】➢考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.I live next door to a couple whos e children often make a lot of noise.China Today attracts a worldwide readership，which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.➢考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better.Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday?➢考点三：非限制性定语从句1.非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。
这种从句与主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that 引导。
e. g. Yesterday I met Li Ping, who seemed to be very busy. (昨天我遇到了李萍，她看起来很忙。
）2.which引导的非限制性定语从句既可修饰名词或代词，也可修饰整个句子。
名师语法：“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句观察下列Reading中的句子：①Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert，at which everyone is clapping and appreciating your music?②They may start as a group of high－school students，for whom practising their music in someone's house is the first step to fame.③Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs，for which they are paid in cash.④They produced a new record in 1996，with which they celebrated their former time as a real band.[自我总结]以上都是“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句。
“介词＋which”用于先行词表示；而“介词＋whom”用于先行词指。
【答案】物；人“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句一、基本用法及关系代词的确定当关系代词在定语从句中充当介词的宾语时，我们用“介词＋which/whom”引导定语从句。
先行词指人，用“介词＋whom”；先行词指物，用“介词＋which”。
My father works in V olkswagen，in which the workers are well paid.我爸爸在大众汽车公司工作，那里的员工待遇优厚。
(in which引导非限制性定语从句，which指物)Zheng Jie is a famous Chinese tennis(网球)player，from whom I learned a lot.郑洁是中国著名的网球手，我从她身上学到了很多东西。
复习限制性定语从句概念引入定语从句是我们从初中学到高一，又从高一学到高二，可能是出现最频繁的语法项目，在这个单元里，我们复习一下定语从句的用法，重点复习运用限制性定语从句时的注意要点。
先看下面句子：1. I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here, so I’ve included some photos whichwill help you picture the places I talked about.2. The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of thewindows.3. We walked for two and a half hours to get there —first up a mountain to a ridge fromwhere we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.4. The only possessions I could see were one broom, a few tin plates and cups and a coupleof jars.这些句子中斜体词部分就是定语从句，其中句1中包括两个定语从句：①which引导的修饰photos；②the places后的I talked about是省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰the places。
句2中who引导的定语从句修饰boys；句3中是where引导的定语从句修饰a ridge；句4中I could see是省略了引导词that的定语从句修饰possessions。
下面我们就来对限制性定语从句的用法进行梳理和总结。
高考英语复习语法专题精讲精练定语从句（含练习习题及解析）一、that与which,who, whom的用法区别情况用法说明例句①先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much等不定代词时②先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时只用that的情况③先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时④先行词既指人又指物时⑤先行词被the only,the very修饰时①He told me everything that he knows.②All the books that you offered has been given out.③This is the best film that I have ever read.④We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.⑤He is the only man that I want to see.⑥句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重⑥Who is the man that is making a speech?复时①在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代①He has a son,who has gone abroad for只用which, who,whom的情况只用that，in which或不用关系词的情况物，用who/whom指人②在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。
③先行词本身是that时，关系词用which,先行词为those, one,he时多用who。
the way做先行词时further study.②I like the person to whom the teacher istalking.③Those who respect others are usuallyrespected by others.①Mary,there is one way that you couldstop others talking about you andcriticizing you.②I was struck by the beauty of the way inwhich she stood.③What surprised me was not what he saidbut_______he said it.A. the wayB.in the way thatC.in the wayD.the way which二、as与which,that的用法区别从句区别例句限制性定语从句中非限制性He is not such a fool as he looks.名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代Don’t read such books as you can’t 词用as,不能用whichunderstand.as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。
