科技英语写作高级教程参考答案完整(可编辑修改word版)

练习二
Ⅳ. 段落翻译 ⑴变压器的初级绕组是馈有交变电流的线圈，而次级绕 组是通过变化的磁通传给有功率的线圈。初级和次级 的名称只取决于变压器连接的方式；任一个绕组均可 是初级，于是另一个就是次级了。 译文：The primary winding of a transformer is the coil which is fed with an alternating current, and [或： while] the secondary winding is the coil to which power is transferred via the changing flux. The designations of the primary and the secondary depends only on how the transformer is connected; either winding may be the primary, and the other is then the secondary.
练习一
Ⅱ. 单句翻译
④ 能写成以下形式的方程被称为含有一个未知数的线性 方程。 译文：An equation which can be written in the following form is known as a linear equation in one unknown. ⑤ 在计算机中，趋势是以尽可能高的时钟速率工作。 译文：In a computer, the tendency is to operate at as high a clock rate as possible. ⑥ 该电容器上的电压为零点零几伏 译文: The voltage across this capacitor is a few hundredths of a volt.

Practice: XIII, p. 202
• 1. We can solve Eq. (3) for an, thus obtaining… • 2. Fig. 3 shows a transmission line with a length of L and a characteristic impedance of 50Ω。 • 3. although there are many ways to produce random numbers, the procedure for producing them is quite complicated. • 4. As is known, when one reads a Chinese character, he or she doesn’t consider … • 5. We have obtained a recognition rate of 86.3%. • 6. After being processed, … • 7. …developed an algorithm for recording… • 8. The Hash algorithm is scheme by which data of any length can…. • 9. Unlike what is described in literature/reference [2], … • 10. The number of times this value occurs in the obserbations is given…
Practice: IV,165
• 1. An Analysis of EMI Spectrum at the Input of SMPS and its Supression • 2. Also, a quantitative expression for the effect of all these factors on the performance of the system is derived, on the basis of which an improved system is presented. • 3. The performance of the system has been improved by 14~30dB on condition that the complexity of the system remains unchanged. • 4. Measurements are generally of three goups: those made of capacitance, those made of current and those made of voltage. • 5. This devices can detect whether an IC functions properly or not and identify the type of an unknown chips. • 6. This paper deals with the extension of the RELAX algorithm … • 7. …, with its its spectrum de-extension performance in the spectrum extension system analyzed. • 8….so as to get its solution displayed on the computer screen. • 9…to one-third that of the conventional one. • 10. …when embedded in …

《科技英语》课后习题答桉完整版大学英语的预习好帮手Main Content: UNIT 1 *****TICSText A “Game Theory”科技英语阅读方法“名词化结构”科技英语翻译技巧“名词化结构”Step:II. Language Points大学英语的预习好帮手… he must anticipate and overcome resistance to his plans. (Para.3) anticipate: v. 1) to expect or realize beforehand; to foresee e.g. The experts are anticipating the negative effects of air pollution. anticipate: v. 2) to deal with or use before proper time 预支e.g. Ted was not used to saving monthly and he would always anticipate his income. The essence of a game is the interdependence of player strategies. (Para.4) Paraphrase: The key principal of a game is that player strategies are dependent on each other. essence: n.1) the quality which makes a thing what it is; the inner nature or most important quality of a thing e.g. The two things are the same in outward form but different in essence.essence: n. 2) extract obtained from a substance by taking out as much of the mass as possible e.g. milk essence; essence of peppermint (椒薄荷、椒薄荷油) 椒薄荷、interdependence: n. the quality or fact of depending on each other inter-为前缀，意为between each other, 类似的词还有interchange、intermarry、international、interview 等。

2. The output of the factory ten years ago is only one fifth of what it is now.
3. The difference between these two numbers is thirteen parts per (in a)million
Of all the astronomical observatory in our country, this one is the largest.
练习五 动词不定式 P18 1. It is quite possible for us to solve the equation. 2. With the help of computer, it takes only a few months to design a new type of aircraft. 3. It remains now for us to calculate the resistance in the circuit. 4. It is left as a problem for the reader to prove that the formula holds. 5. The program to be executed is stored in this unit. 6. The valley is used as the foundation on which to build the dam. 7. There are many types of multimeter to choose from. 8. The velocity of light is too great for us to measure in simple units. 9. Let it be required to find out the angle. 10. Let t be equal to zero. 11. The equation is very difficult to solve. (It is difficult to solve the equation.) 12. The farther away the target is, the longer it takes for the echo to return. 13. We find the problem easy to solve. (It is easy to solve the problem.) 14. For the series to converge, x must be less than 1. 15. The ability of a capacitor to store charges is effected by a few factors .

what is science 科技英语写作答案First, then, what is science? Surely there can be no difficulty in answering this, and yet I fear that, if I should pass through this or any other audience with the question, I should get many different answers.A certain lady, whom I know better than any other, has told me that, should she ever be permitted to marry a second time, she would not marry a scientific man, because scientific men are so terribly accurate. I often hear the same general idea expressed, and it is clear that accuracy is one attribute of science according to prevailing opinions. But accuracy alone is not science. When we hear a game of baseball or of whist spoken of as thoroughly scientific, I suppose the idea here, too, is that the games are played accurately; that is, to use the technical expression, without errors.Again, there are those who seem to think that science is something that has been devised by the Evil One for the purpose of undermining religion. The idea is not so common as it was a few years ago, when the professors of scientific subjects in our colleges were generally objects of suspicion. The change which has come over the world in this respect within my ownmemory is simply astounding. In general terms, an agreement has been reached between those who represent religion and those who represent science. This agreement is certainly not final, but it gives us a modus vivendi, and the clash of arms is now rarely heard. Religion now takes into consideration the claims of science, and science recognizes the great fundamental truths of religion. Each should strengthen the other, and in time, no doubt, each will strengthen the other.。

科技英语写作第三版课后答案1、23．Hurry up! The train ________ in two minutes. [单选题] *A．will go(正确答案)B．goC．goesD．went2、We must try hard to make up for the lost time. [单选题] *A. 弥补(正确答案)B. 利用C. 抓紧D. 浪费3、All he _______ was a coat. [单选题] *A. had on(正确答案)B. had toC. had a restD. had a good time4、The hall in our school is _____ to hold 500 people. [单选题] *A. big enough(正确答案)B. enough bigC. very smallD. very big5、The bookshop is far away. You’d better _______. [单选题] *A. by the busB. by busC. take busD. take?the bus(正确答案)6、If you get _______, you can have some bread on the table. [单选题] *A. happyB. hungry(正确答案)C. worriedD. sad7、When we take a trip,we usually have to _______ a hotel. [单选题] *A. takeB. stayC. book(正确答案)D. bring8、The Internet is an important means of（）[单选题] *A. conversationB. communication(正确答案)C. speechD. language9、I’m not sure whether we’ll go on ______ foot or by _____ bike? [单选题] *A. the; theB. /; theC. /; /(正确答案)D. the; /10、We are looking forward to _______ you again. [单选题] *A. seeB. sawC. seeing(正确答案)D. seen11、Before you quit your job, （）how your family will feel about your decision. [单选题] *A. consider(正确答案)B. consideringC. to considerD. considered12、I think _______ is nothing wrong with my car. [单选题] *A. thatB. hereC. there(正确答案)D. where13、—_____ will the bus arrive? —In four minutes. [单选题] *A. How longB. How oftenC. How soon(正确答案)D. How far14、Don’t _______. He is OK. [单选题] *A. worry(正确答案)B. worried aboutC. worry aboutD. worried15、5 He wants to answer the ________ because it is an interesting one. [单选题] * A．problemB．question(正确答案)C．doorD．plan16、My friends will _______ me at the airport when I arrive in London. [单选题] *A. takeB. meet(正确答案)C. receiveD. have17、These plastics flowers look so_____that many people think they are real. [单选题] *A.beautifulB.artificialC.natural(正确答案)D.similar18、_____from far away, the 600-meter tower is stretching into the sky. [单选题] *A. SeeB. SeeingC. To seeD. Seen(正确答案)19、The museum is _______ in the northeast of Changsha. [单选题] *A. sitB. located(正确答案)C. liesD. stand20、I have a _____ every day to keep fit. [单选题] *A. three thousand meter walkB. three-thousands-meters walkC.three-thousand-meters walkD. three-thousand-meter walk(正确答案)21、—Would you like some milk?—Yes, just _____, please. [单选题] *A. a little(正确答案)B. littleC. a fewD. few22、The more he tried to please her, _____she seemed to appreciate it. [单选题] *A.lessB.lesserC.the less(正确答案)D.the lesser23、Her ideas sound right, but _____ I'm not completely sure. [单选题] *A. somehow(正确答案)B. somewhatC. somewhereD. sometime24、Hurry up,?or we’ll _______ class. [单选题] *A. be late for(正确答案)B. late forC. late withD. be late with25、The classmates can' t（）Alice from her twin sister. [单选题] *A. speakB. tell(正确答案)C. talkD. say26、She _______ so much _______ her mother. [单选题] *A. looks; like(正确答案)B. looks; forC. looks; afterD. looks forwards; to27、She was seen _____ that theatre just now. [单选题] *A. enteredB. enterC. to enter(正确答案)D. to be entering28、The work will be finished _______ this month. [单选题] *A. at the endB. in the endC. by the endD. at the end of(正确答案)29、4．—Alice’s never late for school.—________. [单选题] *A．So am I.B．So was I.C．Neither am I. (正确答案)D．Neither have I.30、95．-Dad, can we walk? ? ? ? ? ? ?the road now?-No,we? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . We have to wait until the light turns green. [单选题] *A．across, needn’tB．across, mustn’t(正确答案)C．though, can’tD．through, mustn't。

科技英语答案和译文Unit 1 练习答案及课文译文Part 2 Reading AI1 F2 T3F 4T5T 6.F 7.T 8.T 9.F 10.TII1. Reducing the time and cost of product development and production.2. The product cycle is composed of two main processes：the design process and the manufacturing process．3. The activities involved in the design process can be classified largely as two types：synthesis and analysis．4. Rapid prototyping is becoming popular because this technology enables the construction of a prototype by deposition layers from the bottom to the top．5. This includes the preparation of drawings，reports，and bills of materials.III1.d2.e3.b4.j5.i6.c7.f8.h9.g 10.aIV1.处理速度2.用户友好的交互图形3. 产品周期4. 设计规格5. 设计评价6.CAD7.CAM8.CAE9.design process 10.production processV1. 除非能以较低的价格提供更好的质量及更短的交货时间提供新产品，否则任何企业都无法在当今的国际竞争中立足。

2. 设计过程始于由市场人员认定的用户需求，止于对产品的完整描述，通常用图形来表现。

练习1I、在下列每个句子的空白处填上适当的冠词（如果必要的话），然后将句子译成汉语：1. There has been __an___ ever greater interest in this subject.2. The power rating is the maximum power the resistor can safely dissipate without too great __a_ rise in temperature.3. Its primary disadvantage is __an___ increase in noise.4. __The___ successful design of the equipment requires ___a__ detailed knowledge of the performance specifications.5. In __the___ Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, ___a__ single electron revolves around ___a__ single proton in a circle of radius R.6. The unit of frequency is ___the__ hertz.7. If __a___ voltage is applied across ___a__ circuit, ___an__ electric current will flow in __the___ circuit.8. ____ Fig. 5-1 shows _____ Oersted’s experiment.9. We should use ___an__ 18-volt battery here.10. ___A__ machine is __a___ device for transmitting force to accomplish ___a__ definite purpose.11. ___The__ hydraulic press will be considered in _____ Chapter 14.12.___The__ study of fluids in motion is one of _ the____ more difficult branches of mechanics because of __the___ diversity of phenomena that may occur.13. It is easy to determine __the___ value of __the___ parameter μ.14. By _____ Eq. (2-1) we have _the____ following relation.15. It is necessay to use __an___ S-shaped tube here.16. The authors work at __the___ University of Texas at _____ Arlinton.17. This is __an___ R-bit transformer.18. ___An__ XOR gate must be used here.II、将下列句子译成英语，注意正确地使用冠词：1、这是一个h参数（parameter）。

（ohm）。

3、其误差（error）为1012分之六。

4、这台计算机所储存的信息比那台多三倍。

（要求把“计算机”用作为主语的“主谓宾”结构的句型）5、月球的质量为地球的1/ 80.6、不久的将来对这种设备的需求量（demand）为现在的20倍。

7、这个元件（component）上的电压为零点几伏特（volt）。

8、现在其内部的压力是原来的三分之一。

III、将下列小段的内容译成英语：温度这一概念对我们大家来说都是熟悉的。

这是因为我们的身体对温差是非常灵敏的。

当我们拾起（pick up）一块冰时，我们感到冷，因为其温度低于我们手的温度。

在喝了一杯咖啡后，我们可能把它说成（refer to … as …）“热的”，“温的”（lukewarm）或“很糟的”（atrocious）。

在头两种情况下，至少我们在描述其温度超过（exceed）我们的（温度的）程度。

IV、根据所给的汉语文本，改正各英语文本中的错误：1、【汉语原文】这个电容器上的电压为零点零几伏特。

【英语文本】The voltage on this capacitor is zero point zero several volt.2、【汉语原文】这物体比那物体重四倍。

【英语文本】This object is four times heavy than that one is.3、【汉语原文】除非另有说明，我们假设使用的是硅管、I CBO可以忽略不计。

【英语文本】 Unless otherwise stated, it is assumed that silicon transistors are used andI CBO can be neglected.4、【汉语原文】这个电路的优点是结构简单、容易调整。

【英语文本】This circuit has the advantage of simpe in structure、easy to adjust.5、【汉语原文】图1、2、3画出了这个过程。

科技英语答案和译文Unit 1 练习答案及课文译文Part 2 Reading AI1 F2 T3F 4T5T 6.F 7.T 8.T 9.F 10.TII1. Reducing the time and cost of product development and production.2. The product cycle is composed of two main processes：the design process and the manufacturing process．3. The activities involved in the design process can be classified largely as two types：synthesis and analysis．4. Rapid prototyping is becoming popular because this technology enables the construction of a prototype by deposition layers from the bottom to the top．5. This includes the preparation of drawings，reports，and bills of materials.III1.d2.e3.b4.j5.i6.c7.f8.h9.g 10.aIV1.处理速度2.用户友好的交互图形3. 产品周期4. 设计规格5. 设计评价6.CAD7.CAM8.CAE9.design process 10.production processV1. 除非能以较低的价格提供更好的质量及更短的交货时间提供新产品，否则任何企业都无法在当今的国际竞争中立足。

2. 设计过程始于由市场人员认定的用户需求，止于对产品的完整描述，通常用图形来表现。

通用学术英语写作高阶答案1、8．—Will she have a picnic next week?—________. And she is ready. [单选题] * A．Yes, she doesB．No, she doesn'tC．Yes, she will(正确答案)D．No, she won't2、Nick has always been good _______ finding cheap flights. [单选题] *A. at(正确答案)B. forC. withD. to3、--Can I _______ your dictionary?--Sorry, I’m using it. [单选题] *A. borrow(正确答案)B. lendC. keepD. return4、We often go to the zoo _______ Saturday mornings. [单选题] *A. atB. inC. on(正确答案)D. of5、They will hold the party if they _____ the project on time. [单选题] *A. will completeB. complete(正确答案)C．completedD. had completed6、My camera is lost. I am ______ it everywhere.（）[单选题] *A. looking atB. looking for(正确答案)C. looking overD. looking after7、The story has _______ a lot of students in our class. [单选题] *A. attracted(正确答案)B. attackedC. appearedD. argued8、We ______ boating last weekend.（）[单选题] *A. goB. went(正确答案)C. are goingD. will go9、4．—Alice’s never late for school.—________. [单选题] *A．So am I.B．So was I.C．Neither am I. (正确答案)D．Neither have I.10、While my mother _______ the supper, my father came back. [单选题] *A. cooksB. is cookingC. was cooking(正确答案)D. has cooked11、42．—________ meat do you want?—Half a kilo. [单选题] *A．How much(正确答案)B．How manyC．WhatD．Which12、24．I often ask my English teacher some questions ________ e-mail. [单选题] *A．by(正确答案)B．inC．forD．with13、—Why do you call him Mr. Know?—______ he knows almost everything that we want to know.（）[单选题] *A. SoB. OrC. ButD. Because(正确答案)14、I have worked all day. I'm so tired that I need _____ . [单选题] *A. a night restB. rest of nightC. a night's rest(正确答案)D. a rest of night15、It _____ us a lot of time to do this job. [单选题] *A. spentB. madeC. took(正确答案)D. cost16、Boys and girls, _______ up your hands if you want to take part in the summer camp(夏令营)．[单选题] *A. puttingB. to putC. put(正确答案)D. puts17、He either watches TV _______ reads books in the evening. [单选题] *A. or(正确答案)B. andC. toD. so18、( ) What _____ fine weather we have these days! [单选题] *A. aB. theC. /(正确答案)D. an19、23．Hurry up! The train ________ in two minutes. [单选题] * A．will go(正确答案)B．goC．goesD．went20、I like dancing, ______ I can join the Dancing Club.（）[单选题] *A. becauseB. so(正确答案)C. andD. but21、I gave John a present but he gave me nothing_____. [单选题] *A.in advanceB.in vainC.in return(正确答案)D.in turn22、34．My mother usually_______ much time shopping in the supermarkets on weekends. [单选题] *A．spends (正确答案)B．costsC．takesD．pays23、It was（）of you to get up early to catch the first bus so that you could avoid the traffic jam. [单选题] *A. senselessB. sensible(正确答案)C. sentimentalD. sensitive24、--What’s the _______ like today?--Cloudy. [单选题] *A. skyB. airC. landD. weather(正确答案)25、Almost every one of us could see her anxiety from the（）on her face. [单选题] *A. appearanceB. feelingC. movementD. expression(正确答案)26、Since the war their country has taken many important steps to improve its economic situation. [单选题] *A. 制定B. 提出C. 讨论D. 采取(正确答案)27、John suggest _____ anything about it until they found out more facts. [单选题] *A not to sayB. not sayC to say notD not saying(正确答案)28、30．It is known that ipad is _________ for the old to use. [单选题] *A．enough easyB．easy enough (正确答案)C．enough easilyD．easily enough29、I don’t know how to improve my English. Can I ask you for some _______? [单选题] *A. answersB. advice(正确答案)C. questionsD. words30、I shall never forget the days（）we worked on the farm. [单选题] *A. when(正确答案)B. whatC. whichD. on that。

英语秦荻辉科技英语写作习题以及答案练习1I、在下列每个句子的空白处填上适当的冠词（如果必要的话），然后将句子译成汉语：1. There has been _____ ever greater interest in this subject.2. The power rating is the maximum power the resistor can safely dissipate without too great _____ rise in temperature.3. Its primary disadvantage is _____ increase in noise.4. _____ successful design of the equipment requires _____ detailed knowledge of the performance specifications.5. In _____ Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, _____ single electron revolves around _____ single proton in a circle of radius R.6. The unit of frequency is _____ hertz.7. If _____ voltage is applied across _____ circuit, _____ electric current will flow in _____ circuit.8. _____ Fig. 5-1 shows _____ Oersted’s experiment.9. We should use _____ 18-volt battery here.10. _____ machine is _____ device for transmitting force to accomplish _____ definite purpose.11. _____ hydraulic press will be considered in _____ Chapter 14.12. _____ study of fluids in motion is one of _____ more difficult branches of mechanics because of _____ diversity of phenomena that may occur.13. It is easy to determine _____ value of _____ parameter μ.14. By _____ Eq. (2-1) we have _____ following relation.15. It is necessay to use _____ S-shaped tube here.16. The authors work at _____ University of Texas at _____Arlinton.17. This is _____ R-bit transformer.18. _____ XOR gate must be used here.II、将下列句子译成英语，注意正确地使用冠词：1、这是一个h参数（parameter）。

Main Content: UNIT 1 MATHEMATICSI.Text OrganizationParts ParagraphsMain IdeasPart One Paras. 1-3 Game theory can be defined as the science ofstrategy which studies both pure conflicts(zero-sum games) and conflicts in cooperativeforms.Part Two Paras.4-11 There are two distinct types of strategic interdependence: sequential-move game and simultaneous-move game.Part Three Paras.12-19The typical examples of game theory are givenas the basic principles such as prisoners’dilemma, mixing moves, strategic moves,bargaining, concealing and revealinginformation.Part Four Para. 20 The research of game theory has succeeded inillustrating strategies in situations ofconflict and cooperation and it will focus onthe design of successful strategy in future. nguage PointsThe games it studies range from chess to child rearing and from tennis to takeovers. (Para.1)Paraphrase: The games it (game theory) studies extends from chess to child bringing-up and from tennis to handovers.range: v. to vary between limits, extend, run in a linee.g. (1) The price ranges from $ 30 to $ 80. (2) The boundary ranges from north to south.takeover: n. the act or an instance of assuming control or management of or responsibility for sth. 接收、接管e.g. The economy of Hongkong goes well after its takeover. Game theory was pioneered by Princeton mathematician John von Neumann. (Para.2)pioneer: v. to be a pioneer; to originate (course of action etc., followed later by others)e.g. The new treatment for cancer was pioneered by the experts of state hospital.pioneer: n. original investigator of subject or explorer or settler; initiator of enterprisee.g. The young generation was greatly motivated by the pioneers’exploits.That is, the participants were supposed to choose and implementtheir actions jointly. (Para.2)Paraphrase: That is, the players were expected to select and carry out their actions together.…he must anticipate and overcome resistance to his plans. (Para.3) anticipate: v. 1) to expect or realize beforehand; to foresee e.g. The experts are anticipating the negative effects of air pollution.anticipate: v. 2) to deal with or use before proper time 预支e.g. Ted was not used to saving monthly and he would always anticipate his income.The essence of a game is the interdependence of player strategies. (Para.4)Paraphrase: The key principal of a game is that player strategies are dependent on each other.essence: n.1) the quality which makes a thing what it is; the inner nature or most important quality of a thinge.g. The two things are the same in outward form but different in essence.essence: n. 2) extract obtained from a substance by taking out as much of the mass as possiblee.g. milk essence; essence of peppermint (椒薄荷、椒薄荷油) interdependence: n. the quality or fact of depending on each otherinter-为前缀，意为between each other, 类似的词还有interchange、intermarry、international、interview等。

科技英语写作试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. What is the most common method of communication in scientific research?A. EmailB. ConferenceC. Journal publicationD. Social media2. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic ofscientific writing?A. ObjectivityB. ClarityC. SubjectivityD. Precision3. In scientific writing, what is the purpose of an abstract?A. To provide a detailed description of the research methods.B. To summarize the main points of the research.C. To list all the references used in the paper.D. To give a comprehensive review of the literature.4. What does APA stand for in academic writing?A. American Psychological AssociationB. Association of Professional AuthorsC. Academic Publishing AssociationD. Advanced Publishing Association5. Which of the following is the correct order of a scientific paper?A. Introduction, Results, Discussion, ConclusionB. Abstract, Introduction, Methodology, Results, DiscussionC. Title, Abstract, Introduction, Literature Review, Methodology, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, ReferencesD. Abstract, Results, Methodology, Introduction, Discussion答案：1. C2. C3. B4. A5. C二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）6. The _______ is a vital part of a scientific paper that provides a brief overview of the research.[Answer: Abstract]7. When writing a scientific paper, it is essential to use _______ language to ensure clarity and precision.[Answer: technical]8. The _______ section of a scientific paper details the procedures used to carry out the research.[Answer: Methodology]9. Scientific papers are often peer-reviewed to ensure_______ and reliability.[Answer: validity]10. Proper citation of sources in scientific writing helps to avoid _______ and gives credit to the original authors.[Answer: plagiarism]三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）11. Explain the importance of using correct citation formats in scientific writing.[Answer: Using correct citation formats in scientific writing is important for several reasons. Firstly, it helps to avoid plagiarism by giving proper credit to the original authors. Secondly, it allows readers to locate the original sources easily for further reading or verification. Lastly,it maintains the integrity and credibility of the scientific community by upholding academic standards.]12. What are the key elements of a scientific abstract?[Answer: The key elements of a scientific abstract include the background or context of the research, the purpose or objective, the methodology used, the main results, and a brief conclusion or implication of the findings.]13. Describe the role of peer review in the publication process of scientific papers.[Answer: The role of peer review in the publicationprocess of scientific papers is to ensure the quality, validity, and originality of the research. Peer reviewers,who are experts in the field, evaluate the paper for its scientific merit, methodology, and presentation. They provide feedback and recommendations that can help the authorsimprove their work before it is published.]14. Discuss the ethical considerations in scientific research and writing.[Answer: Ethical considerations in scientific researchand writing include honesty in reporting results, avoiding fabrication or falsification of data, maintainingconfidentiality when necessary, and ensuring that theresearch has been conducted with informed consent and adherence to ethical guidelines. Researchers must also avoid conflicts of interest and ensure that their work does notharm the participants or the environment.]四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）15. Discuss the impact of technology on scientific communication and the challenges it presents.[Answer: Technology has significantly impacted scientific communication by enabling faster and more efficient dissemination of research findings through digital platforms. It has also facilitated collaboration among researchersacross the globe through tools like cloud computing andvirtual labs. However, it presents challenges such as information overload, the need for data security, and the potential for misinformation or "fake news" to spread rapidly.Researchers must be adept at navigating these challenges to ensure that their communication remains accurate and trustworthy.]16. Analyze the role of language in scientific writing and the strategies to enhance clarity and precision.[Answer: Language plays a crucial role in scientific writing as it is the medium through which researchers convey their findings and ideas. To enhance clarity and precision, writers should use concise and unambiguous language, avoid jargon when unnecessary, and employ active voice whenever possible. Additionally, structuring the text logically, using appropriate headings and subheadings, and carefully proofreading for grammar and spelling errors are essential strategies to improve the quality of scientific writing.]。

Unit 1 练习答案及课文译文Part 2 Reading AI1 F2 T3F 4T5T 6.F 7.T 8.T 9.F 10.TII1. Reducing the time and cost of product development and production.2. The product cycle is composed of two main processes：the design process and the manufacturing process．3. The activities involved in the design process can be classified largely as two types：synthesis and analysis．4. Rapid prototyping is becoming popular because this technology enables the construction of a prototype by deposition layers from the bottom to the top．5. This includes the preparation of drawings，reports，and bills of materials.III1.d2.e3.b4.j5.i6.c7.f8.h9.g 10.aIV1.处理速度2.用户友好的交互图形3. 产品周期4. 设计规格5. 设计评价6.CAD7.CAM8.CAE9.design process 10.production processV1. 除非能以较低的价格提供更好的质量及更短的交货时间提供新产品，否则任何企业都无法在当今的国际竞争中立足。

2. 设计过程始于由市场人员认定的用户需求，止于对产品的完整描述，通常用图形来表现。

3. 例如：尺寸缩小表示一张薄的材料由具有厚度属性的等效曲面来代表，或一个细长区域由具有截面特性的线段来表示。