科技英语写作高级教程参考答案完整

练习1II冠词1.Dr. Emmet graduated from Harvard University in 2001.（Emmet博士2001年毕业于哈弗大学）2.Professor Li earned his Ph.D. degree in mechanical engineering from the Xi’anUniversity of Technology in 1988.（李教授1998年在西安理工大学获得机械工程博士学位）3.Now we shall turn to the discussion of local area networks.（现在我们转向（turnto）讨论一下局域网）4.The Bainbridge mass spectrometer is as important an instrument as the opticalspectrometer.（质谱仪是与光谱仪一样重要的仪器）5.How long a time [或How much time] is required to this experiment?（做这个实验需要多长时间？）6.An increase in pressure always causes a decrease in volume.（压力的增加总会引起体积的减少）7.Fig. (2-5) shows what is expressed by Eq. (2-2).（图（2-5）画出了式（2-2）所表示的情况）8.The unit of inductance is the henry.（电感的单位是亨利）III、改错1.The UASMA protocol employs a unique frame structure.（UASMA协议采用了独特的帧结构）2.Finally, a broad stepped impedance transformer is designed by this method.（最后，用这种方法设计了宽带阶梯阻抗变换器）3.Dynamic analysis and evaluation of the security of a proactive secret sharingsystem（先应秘密共享系统安全性的动态分析和评估）4.The approach can be applied to the one-dimensional potential barrier with anarbitrary profile.（该方法适用于任意形状的一维势垒）5.We propose a numerical method based on Newton’s iterative method.（我们提出了一种基于牛顿地带发的数值方法）练习21. This circuit consists of a battery, an inductor and a capacitor.（该电路是由一个电池、一个电感器和一个电容器组成）2. Compute the electric fields at points a, b, and c.（试计算在a、b、c三点处的电场。

Main Content: UNIT 1 MATHEMATICSI.Text OrganizationParts ParagraphsMain IdeasPart One Paras. 1-3 Game theory can be defined as the science ofstrategy which studies both pure conflicts(zero-sum games) and conflicts in cooperativeforms.Part Two Paras.4-11 There are two distinct types of strategic interdependence: sequential-move game and simultaneous-move game.Part Three Paras.12-19The typical examples of game theory are givenas the basic principles such as prisoners’dilemma, mixing moves, strategic moves,bargaining, concealing and revealinginformation.Part Four Para. 20 The research of game theory has succeeded inillustrating strategies in situations ofconflict and cooperation and it will focus onthe design of successful strategy in future. nguage PointsThe games it studies range from chess to child rearing and from tennis to takeovers. (Para.1)Paraphrase: The games it (game theory) studies extends from chess to child bringing-up and from tennis to handovers.range: v. to vary between limits, extend, run in a linee.g. (1) The price ranges from $ 30 to $ 80. (2) The boundary ranges from north to south.takeover: n. the act or an instance of assuming control or management of or responsibility for sth. 接收、接管e.g. The economy of Hongkong goes well after its takeover. Game theory was pioneered by Princeton mathematician John von Neumann. (Para.2)pioneer: v. to be a pioneer; to originate (course of action etc., followed later by others)e.g. The new treatment for cancer was pioneered by the experts of state hospital.pioneer: n. original investigator of subject or explorer or settler; initiator of enterprisee.g. The young generation was greatly motivated by the pioneers’exploits.That is, the participants were supposed to choose and implementtheir actions jointly. (Para.2)Paraphrase: That is, the players were expected to select and carry out their actions together.…he must anticipate and overcome resistance to his plans. (Para.3) anticipate: v. 1) to expect or realize beforehand; to foresee e.g. The experts are anticipating the negative effects of air pollution.anticipate: v. 2) to deal with or use before proper time 预支e.g. Ted was not used to saving monthly and he would always anticipate his income.The essence of a game is the interdependence of player strategies. (Para.4)Paraphrase: The key principal of a game is that player strategies are dependent on each other.essence: n.1) the quality which makes a thing what it is; the inner nature or most important quality of a thinge.g. The two things are the same in outward form but different in essence.essence: n. 2) extract obtained from a substance by taking out as much of the mass as possiblee.g. milk essence; essence of peppermint (椒薄荷、椒薄荷油) interdependence: n. the quality or fact of depending on each otherinter-为前缀，意为between each other, 类似的词还有interchange、intermarry、international、interview等。

练习 1 (on page 8)II. 将下列句子译成英语1.Nonlinear distortion can be caused by too large an input signal.输入信号太大会引起非线性失真（nonlinear distortion）。

ing the definition of slope, we can derive the equation which represents a straight line.利用斜率（slope）的定义，我们能导出（derive）表示直线的方程。

3.The expression f(x + h) – f(x) is frequently used in the study of calculus.f(x + h) – f(x)这一表达式（expression）经常用在微积分（calculus）方面。

4.An equation which can be written in the following form is known as a linear equation in oneunknown.能写成以下形式的方程被称为含有一个未知数（unknown）的线性方程（linear equation）。

5.In a computer, the tendency is to operate at as high a clock rate as possible.在计算机中，趋势是以尽可能高的时钟频率（clock rate）工作。

6.The voltage across this capacitor is a few hundredths of a volt.该电容器（capacitor）上的电压（voltage）为零点零几伏（volt ）。

7.The output of the factory ten years ago was only one fifth what it is now [或：… only onefifth its present output].十年前该厂的产量（output）仅为现在的五分之一。

练习1I、在下列每个句子的空白处填上适当的冠词（如果必要的话），然后将句子译成汉语：1. There has been __an___ ever greater interest in this subject.2. The power rating is the maximum power the resistor can safely dissipate without too great __a_ rise in temperature.3. Its primary disadvantage is __an___ increase in noise.4. __The___ successful design of the equipment requires ___a__ detailed knowledge of the performance specifications.5. In __the___ Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, ___a__ single electron revolves around ___a__ single proton in a circle of radius R.6. The unit of frequency is ___the__ hertz.7. If __a___ voltage is applied across ___a__ circuit, ___an__ electric current will flow in __the___ circuit.8. ____ Fig. 5-1 shows _____ Oersted’s experiment.9. We should use ___an__ 18-volt battery here.10. ___A__ machine is __a___ device for transmitting force to accomplish ___a__ definite purpose.11. ___The__ hydraulic press will be considered in _____ Chapter 14.12.___The__ study of fluids in motion is one of _ the____ more difficult branches of mechanics because of __the___ diversity of phenomena that may occur.13. It is easy to determine __the___ value of __the___ parameter μ.14. By _____ Eq. (2-1) we have _the____ following relation.15. It is necessay to use __an___ S-shaped tube here.16. The authors work at __the___ University of Texas at _____ Arlinton.17. This is __an___ R-bit transformer.18. ___An__ XOR gate must be used here.II、将下列句子译成英语，注意正确地使用冠词：1、这是一个h参数（parameter）。

（ohm）。

3、其误差（error）为1012分之六。

4、这台计算机所储存的信息比那台多三倍。

（要求把“计算机”用作为主语的“主谓宾”结构的句型）5、月球的质量为地球的1/ 80.6、不久的将来对这种设备的需求量（demand）为现在的20倍。

7、这个元件（component）上的电压为零点几伏特（volt）。

8、现在其内部的压力是原来的三分之一。

III、将下列小段的内容译成英语：温度这一概念对我们大家来说都是熟悉的。

这是因为我们的身体对温差是非常灵敏的。

当我们拾起（pick up）一块冰时，我们感到冷，因为其温度低于我们手的温度。

在喝了一杯咖啡后，我们可能把它说成（refer to … as …）“热的”，“温的”（lukewarm）或“很糟的”（atrocious）。

在头两种情况下，至少我们在描述其温度超过（exceed）我们的（温度的）程度。

IV、根据所给的汉语文本，改正各英语文本中的错误：1、【汉语原文】这个电容器上的电压为零点零几伏特。

【英语文本】The voltage on this capacitor is zero point zero several volt.2、【汉语原文】这物体比那物体重四倍。

【英语文本】This object is four times heavy than that one is.3、【汉语原文】除非另有说明，我们假设使用的是硅管、I CBO可以忽略不计。

【英语文本】 Unless otherwise stated, it is assumed that silicon transistors are used andI CBO can be neglected.4、【汉语原文】这个电路的优点是结构简单、容易调整。

【英语文本】This circuit has the advantage of simpe in structure、easy to adjust.5、【汉语原文】图1、2、3画出了这个过程。

高考英语作文及答案高考英语作文题目：题目："The Impact of Technology on Our Daily Lives"作文要求：1. 描述科技对我们日常生活的影响。

2. 阐述科技带来的正面和负面影响。

3. 给出你的观点。

范文：In the era of rapid technological advancement, it is undeniable that technology has become an integral part of our daily lives. It has transformed the way we communicate, work, learn, and even entertain ourselves.On the positive side, technology has made our lives more convenient and efficient. For instance, smartphones and computers have revolutionized communication, allowing us to stay connected with friends and family across the globe with just a few taps. Online learning platforms have made education accessible to millions, breaking down geographical barriers and providing opportunities for continuous learning.However, the pervasiveness of technology also comes with its downsides. Excessive reliance on gadgets can lead to a sedentary lifestyle, contributing to health issues such as obesity and lack of physical activity. Additionally, theconstant exposure to screens can affect our mental well-being, leading to issues like anxiety and depression.In my view, while technology has undoubtedly made significant contributions to our lives, it is crucial to strike a balance. We should embrace the benefits of technology while being mindful of its potential negative impacts. Engaging inregular physical activities and setting boundaries for screen time can help us maintain a healthy relationship with technology.答案：The essay provided effectively addresses the prompt by discussing both the positive and negative impacts of technology on our daily lives. It also includes a personal perspective on how to maintain a balance with technology, which is a thoughtful addition to the argument.The positive impact is highlighted through the example of communication and education, showing how technology has broadened our reach and opportunities for learning. The negative impact is illustrated with the potential health and mental well-being issues that can arise from overuse of technology.The essay is well-structured, with a clear introduction, body paragraphs that explore both sides of the argument, and a conclusion that presents the writer's viewpoint. It meets the requirements of the prompt and provides a comprehensive response to the topic.。

科技英语答案和译文Unit 1 练习答案及课文译文Part 2 Reading AI1 F2 T3F 4T5T 6.F 7.T 8.T 9.F 10.TII1. Reducing the time and cost of product development and production.2. The product cycle is composed of two main processes：the design process and the manufacturing process．3. The activities involved in the design process can be classified largely as two types：synthesis and analysis．4. Rapid prototyping is becoming popular because this technology enables the construction of a prototype by deposition layers from the bottom to the top．5. This includes the preparation of drawings，reports，and bills of materials.III1.d2.e3.b4.j5.i6.c7.f8.h9.g 10.aIV1.处理速度2.用户友好的交互图形3. 产品周期4. 设计规格5. 设计评价6.CAD7.CAM8.CAE9.design process 10.production processV1. 除非能以较低的价格提供更好的质量及更短的交货时间提供新产品，否则任何企业都无法在当今的国际竞争中立足。

2. 设计过程始于由市场人员认定的用户需求，止于对产品的完整描述，通常用图形来表现。

英语秦荻辉科技英语写作习题以及答案练习1I、在下列每个句子的空白处填上适当的冠词（如果必要的话），然后将句子译成汉语：1. There has been _____ ever greater interest in this subject.2. The power rating is the maximum power the resistor can safely dissipate without too great _____ rise in temperature.3. Its primary disadvantage is _____ increase in noise.4. _____ successful design of the equipment requires _____ detailed knowledge of the performance specifications.5. In _____ Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, _____ single electron revolves around _____ single proton in a circle of radius R.6. The unit of frequency is _____ hertz.7. If _____ voltage is applied across _____ circuit, _____ electric current will flow in _____ circuit.8. _____ Fig. 5-1 shows _____ Oersted’s experiment.9. We should use _____ 18-volt battery here.10. _____ machine is _____ device for transmitting force to accomplish _____ definite purpose.11. _____ hydraulic press will be considered in _____ Chapter 14.12. _____ study of fluids in motion is one of _____ more difficult branches of mechanics because of _____ diversity of phenomena that may occur.13. It is easy to determine _____ value of _____ parameter μ.14. By _____ Eq. (2-1) we have _____ following relation.15. It is necessay to use _____ S-shaped tube here.16. The authors work at _____ University of Texas at _____Arlinton.17. This is _____ R-bit transformer.18. _____ XOR gate must be used here.II、将下列句子译成英语，注意正确地使用冠词：1、这是一个h参数（parameter）。

高考英语专题复习：写作之科技篇专项练习你接受了一项写作任务，为英语校报写一篇科技报道。

[写作内容]*唾液样本：saliva sample[写作要求]只能用5个句子表达全部内容；[评分标准]句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯。

写作之科技篇专项练习参考答案【参考范文】DNA DetectionWe can use saliva sample to detect whether people have major illnesses, predict whether people are particular about food and remind people to take proper exercise. People should pay 125 pounds for it. It takes four to six weeks to finish the report. After detection we can realize we should strengthen our bodies. It may cause too many worries.解析：对于基础写作用5个句子概括医疗新技术，要求必须用上所有的要点，不能遗漏。

对于概括短文大意，要抓住要点。

进行具体叙述时：1. 仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息。

2. 根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；就本文而言应该用一般现在时态及一般将来时。

3. 注意使用高级词汇和句式，以增加文章的亮点。

【考点定位】考查提纲作文。

【妙招点睛】本题所给用5个句子概括医疗新技术的材料是学生不太熟悉的内容，所以要尽量使用学生熟悉的句式来写，还必须用5个句子表达所有的信息。

此题主要考查阅读概括能力及语言的组织能力。

需要用一些高级句式及词汇来增加文章的亮点。

科技英语写作答案25. In a computer, the tendency is to operate at as high a clock rate as possible.6. The voltage across this capacitor is a few hundredths of a volt.7. The output of the factory ten years ago was only one fifth what it is now [或：… only one fifth its present output].写作练习参考答案练习 1 (on page 8)II.1. Nonlinear distortion can be caused by too large an input signal.2. Using the definition of slope, we can derive the equation which represents a straight line.3. The expression f(x + h) –f(x) is frequently used in the study of calculus.4. An equation which can be written in the following form is known as a linear equation in one unknown.5. In a computer, the tendency is to operate at as high a clock rate as possible.6. The voltage across this capacitor is a few hundredths of a volt.7. The output of the factory ten years ago was only one fifth what it is now [或：… only one fifth its present output].8. The difference between these two values is 13 parts in 104.9. Tin does not have as high a melting point as lead (does).10. This average velocity is half the final velocity.11. It is necessary to find how long a time it takes [或：is required; is needed; is necessary] to solve this equation.12. This wire is four times thicker than that one.13. Electricity can be easily changed into other forms of energy.14. In 1831, Joseph Henry in the United States discovered the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction.15. A receiver consists of several units [或：parts]. III.1.The newly designed instrument is good inquality [或：… is of good quality].2.This engine needs to be cleaned [或：cleaning].3.This running machine will stop of itself in aminute or two [或：… in one or two minutes].4.In this case, the input does not fall; the outputdoes not fall, either. [或：…; neither [nor] does the output.]5.The resistance of a conductor depends not onlyon the material of which the conductor is made, but also on the size and temperature of the conductor.6.Another comsat was launched on the morningof the 8th of October.IV.1.The period with which a body undergoessimple harmonic motion is the time required for it to make one complete oscillation. In the case of a spring, the period is the time the spring spends in going from its maximum extension, through its maximum compression and back to its maximum extension once more. For all types of simple harmonic motion, the period T is given [或：expressed; denoted; represented] by T = 2π√ˉ-Sˉ/aˉ ,where the acceleration a is that experienced by the body when it is at its specified position.2.××: male, professor, advisor for doctoralstudents, and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He graduated from the Department of Radar at the Institute of the Communications Engineering of the People’s Liberation Army of China in 1953.After graduation he remained at the Institute as a faculty member. He successively held the posts of head of a teaching and research section, chairman of a department, and vice president of the Institute. From 1984 to 1992 he served as president of Xidian University. He is currently chairman of the Academic Commission of Xidian University and chairman of the Academic Commission of the National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing. He is also member of the Committee of the National Science Fund for Outstanding Youths, and fellow of the Chinese Institute of Electronics.He has long been engaged in research and teaching in the fields of radar and informationprocessing. In recent years, his research interests focus on statistical signal processing, array signal processing, and self-adaptive signal processing. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..练习 2 (on page 23)II.1.This book is of great help to electronicengineers.2.Of the first four chapters, Chapter 3 is themost important.3.This problem can be solved with great ease.4.In this case, current leads voltage by 90o.5.Through the analysis of the parameters ofthis device [或：By analyzing the parameters of this device], we can understand its performance.6.For x> 0, there is no solution to the equation.7.Now it is necessary for us to solve this equationfor that unknown.8.Upon substitution of these values, it is foundthat v is equal to the velocity of light.9.Capacitance is measured in farads.10.This computer is very small in size.11.These waves travel only in one direction.12.In their study of electricity, physicists defined electric field intensity.13.This answer appears correct.14.This coefficient remains to be determined.15.The two equations below will be used often in later chapters.16.Here we use two metal balls two meters apart.17.This paper contains nothing new. [或：There is nothing new in this paper.]18.The force acts perpendicular to the surface of the table.19.This rule can be used for [或：… can be applied to] all integers, both positive and negative.20. A neutron has a slightly larger mass than a proton. [或：… has a mass slightly larger than that of a proton.]21.Electrons are the smallest particles present in ordinary matter. [或：… particles that exist in ordinary matter.]22.All the textbooks available discuss thisproblem.23.Accurate in operation and high in speed[或：In view of their accurate operation and high speed],computers have found wide applications.24.Medium-size computers now perform aslarge computers not long ago [或：of near past] did.25.The input voltage goes negative and theenergy stays constant.26.These rays seem to come from the image.27.Impedance in an ac circuit plays the samerole that resistance does in a dc circuit.28.Two parallel wires a distance (of)δapartcarry the current i.29.The equations here are of great importance.30.We shall use a cable 10 meters long.III.1.That professor is much[或：very much]interested in this topic.2.These multimeters are much alike in size andweight.3.This voltage can hardly be measured.4.In this laboratory, this instrument is better thanany other one [或：… than any one else].5.To repair the machine, the serviceman has toremove the cover. [或：Before the machine can be repaired, the cover has to be removed.] Opening the door, a picture jumped into my eyes.6.The preface to this book is well written.IV.1.The primary winding of a transformer is thecoil which is fed with an alternating current, and [或：while] the secondary winding is the coil to which power is transferred via the changing flux. The designations of the primary and thesecondary depends only on how the transformer is connected; either winding may be the primary, and the other is then the secondary.2.×××: male and born in Funing County,Jiangsu Province in 1962. He graduated from Xidian University and earned the B. Eng.Degree, the M. Eng. Degree, and the Ph. D.degree in 1982, 1985, and 1990 respectively. In 1994 he was exceptionally promoted to professor. Presently he holds the posts of dean of the School of TelecommunicationsEngineering of Xidian University and director of the Research Institute of Information Science. He is an advisor for doctoral students, a fellow of the Chinese Institute of Communications, a senior member of IEEE, and a senior member of the Chinese Institute of Electronics. He was granted the title of “Expert with Distinguished Achievements” of both Shaanxi Province an d the Ministry of Electronics Industry. He is a recipient of the Government Special Subsidy.He is engaged in the research in the fields of mobile communication, personalcommunication, and so on. He has obtainedone “National Invention” patent and wonquite a few Science and TechnologyProgress Awards at provincial andministerial levels. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………练习 3 (on page 31)II.1. Since feedback plays an important role inelectronic circuits, its study is of greatimportance.2. The black hole is invisible, but its presence can be deduced.3. Electromagnetic waves travel at the speedof light, and require no material for theirpassage.4. From its definition as the ratio of distanceto time, speed is expressed in meters persecond.5. Their difference in this case is 13 parts in a million [或：per million; in 106].6. Our analysis of the diode will be of great significance.7. This facilitates their use in circuit analysis.8. The success in design depends on our correct choice of the circuit.9. It is necessary to take into account their collisions with each other.10. Here we must use wires one thousandth the diameter ofa silk thread.11. This law holds (true) for [或：applies to] the bodies the speed of a rocket.12. W e must frequency modulate the carrier.13. This device is radio controlled.14.AC can be changed into DC, a processcalled rectification.15.To solve this problem, we must takeeverything into account, a complicated procedure.16.An instrument for measuring current,voltage and resistance, the multimeter is widely used in the work having connection with electricity.17.This paper deals with advantages of ACover DC.18.The answers to these problems appear in theback of the book.19.This curve shows the fall in[或：of]conductivity with increasing [或：increased] temperature.20.These materials are pressure sensitive.III.1.The features of this device are small size and light weight.2.Other types of electric motor are also widely used in industry.3.No students[或：None of the students] cansolve this special kind of equation.4.Not until the invention of the microscope did the real study of bacteria become possible.The real study of bacteria did not become possible until the invention of the microscope.5.They do not know if this material could stand solarge a force [或：… whether this material could stand so large a force or not].6.The machine will automatically start to operate again in two hours.IV.1.The second law of motion provides a methodfor measuring what is called the “inertial mass”of a body. All one needs to do is [OR: All that is necessary is; One only needs] to apply the same force in turn to a standard of mass and to an unknown mass and then to compare their accelerations, something that [OR: …, which] can be done anywhere in the universe with the same results. No matter where we are, we can always tell a wooden ball from a lead ball of the same size by throwing them.2.×××:male, born in 1938, professor, andadvisor for doctoral students. He graduatedfrom the Xi’a n Military Telecommunications Engineering Institute in 1964 and remained there as a faculty member. He has long been engaged in the teaching and research in the field of radar. Through close cooperation with quite a few radar research institutes and enterprises, he has successively undertaken or taken charge of more than twenty national defence key preliminary research projects and engineering projects with many practical achievements, most of which have been popularized and applied, or used to equip the armed forces, thus making contributions to the development of radar technology in China. …………………………………………………………………………………………………练习4 (on page 39)II.1.This equipment, it is said, was commerciallyavailable three years ago. [OR: It is said that ….; This equipment is said to have been commercially available three years ago.]2.h fe is a parameter which we think is veryimportant.3.Now we connect a conductor charged with, let us say, positive electricity, to the ground.4.√-1√-1, it was agreed, should be replaceable by –1 at will.5.V elocity, we have noted before, is a vector quantity.6.None of these windows can withstand so large a force.7.All the computers in our laboratory are not very good in quality.8.No textbooks available [OR: None of the textbooksavailable] have mentioned this point.9.Students are familiar with none of these parameters. [OR: No students are familiar with these parameters.]10.In this shop all these components are not available.11.As early as the 1820s, it had been realized that this metal could/can be used in industry.12.They have been developing a special kind of robot since 1998.13.Full use must be made of the equipmentavailable. [OR: The equipment availablemust be made full use of.]14.It is expected that, by the time the devicearrives at that research institute, the technicalpersonnel there will have studied itsprinciple of operation.15.Attention must be paid to the polarities ofthis battery. [OR: The polarities of thisbattery must be paid attention to.]16.Sound travels much more rapidly inhydrogen than in air.17.Some developed countries use as much as60 kilograms of paper for each person in ayear.18.The darker the color, the more lightis/will be absorbed.19.The greater the resistance of a wire, themore energy will be dissipated in it.20.Of all these instruments, this one is mostcommonly used.21.This astronomical observatory is thelargest in our country.III.1.This experiment begins at eight o’clock/inMay/tomorrow.2.The voltage across the resistor is measured involts.3.Both the engineers are busy (in) designing anew type of computer. [OR: … busy with the design of….]4.Copper is a kind of matter and so is air.5.We find this concept very difficult to explain.6.They will leave for Beijing to attend aninternational conference on communications. IV.1.When a wire loop surrounds a stationarymagnet, no current flows in the loop. What Faraday and Henry discovered was that moving the magnet causes a current to flow in the loop.It does not matter whether the magnet or the loop is actually being moved; the origin of the current lies in the relative motion between a conductor and a magnetic field.2.A lever is a rigid rod pivoted at a certain pointcalled the fulcrum. Fig. 12-1 shows the most familiar type of lever, with a load at one end being balanced by an applied force at the other.The condition for equilibrium is that thetorques produced by F in and F out be the same in magnitude.3.×××: male and born in December 1941. He graduated from the Xi’an Milita ry Telecommunications Engineering Institute (the predecessor of Xidian University) and remained at the institute as a faculty member. From 1981 to 1983 he stayed at theUniversity of Pennsylvania, U.S.A. for further studies, engaged in the research on image analysis & processing and radar imaging. From 1989 to 1990 he went to the United States and Britain successively as a visiting scholar. Currently he serves as president of Shenzhen University, being an advisor for doctoral students of Xidian University in the academic area of signal and information processing. He has been in charge of and undertaken quite a few projects, all with high-level achievements. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….练习 5 (on page 43)II.1.It is quite possible for us to solve thisequation.2.It takes only a few months to design a new type of airplane with the help of a computer.3.It remains now for us to calculate the resistance in this circuit.4.It is left as a problem to the reader to show that this formula holds.5.The program to be executed is stored in this unit.6.This valley is used as the foundation on which to build the dam.7.There are many types of multimeters to choose from.8.The velocity of light is too great to be measured in/with simple units.9.Let it be required to find out this angle.10.L et t o be equal to zero.11.T his equation is very difficult to solve.12.T he farther away the target (is), the longer it takes for theecho to return.13.W e find this problem easy to solve.14.F or this series to converge, x must be less than 1.15.T he ability of a capacitor to store a chargeis affected/influenced by a few factors.16.T his is a pen to draw pictures with.17.F or Q2to conduct, its base must be about1.8 volts.18.W e have to find out how large to make r soas for the series to converge.III.1.Substituting Eq. (7) in/into Eq. (8), weobtain/have/get a=b. [或：Substitution of Eq.(7) into/in Eq. (8) gives/yields/results in a=b.2.Sound travels less fast than light does.3.Every one/Each of the methods has itsadvantages and disadvantages.4. W ork equals/is equal to force multiplied bydistance [或：Work equals force timesdistance. 或：Work is the product of forceand distance.]5. Usually we can not see the earth’s shadow, because there is nothing for it to fall on.6. This equipment has quite a few advantages all its own.IV.1.T his new method has the advantages of high。

科技英语写作试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. What is the most common method of communication in scientific research?A. EmailB. ConferenceC. Journal publicationD. Social media2. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic ofscientific writing?A. ObjectivityB. ClarityC. SubjectivityD. Precision3. In scientific writing, what is the purpose of an abstract?A. To provide a detailed description of the research methods.B. To summarize the main points of the research.C. To list all the references used in the paper.D. To give a comprehensive review of the literature.4. What does APA stand for in academic writing?A. American Psychological AssociationB. Association of Professional AuthorsC. Academic Publishing AssociationD. Advanced Publishing Association5. Which of the following is the correct order of a scientific paper?A. Introduction, Results, Discussion, ConclusionB. Abstract, Introduction, Methodology, Results, DiscussionC. Title, Abstract, Introduction, Literature Review, Methodology, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, ReferencesD. Abstract, Results, Methodology, Introduction, Discussion答案：1. C2. C3. B4. A5. C二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）6. The _______ is a vital part of a scientific paper that provides a brief overview of the research.[Answer: Abstract]7. When writing a scientific paper, it is essential to use _______ language to ensure clarity and precision.[Answer: technical]8. The _______ section of a scientific paper details the procedures used to carry out the research.[Answer: Methodology]9. Scientific papers are often peer-reviewed to ensure_______ and reliability.[Answer: validity]10. Proper citation of sources in scientific writing helps to avoid _______ and gives credit to the original authors.[Answer: plagiarism]三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）11. Explain the importance of using correct citation formats in scientific writing.[Answer: Using correct citation formats in scientific writing is important for several reasons. Firstly, it helps to avoid plagiarism by giving proper credit to the original authors. Secondly, it allows readers to locate the original sources easily for further reading or verification. Lastly,it maintains the integrity and credibility of the scientific community by upholding academic standards.]12. What are the key elements of a scientific abstract?[Answer: The key elements of a scientific abstract include the background or context of the research, the purpose or objective, the methodology used, the main results, and a brief conclusion or implication of the findings.]13. Describe the role of peer review in the publication process of scientific papers.[Answer: The role of peer review in the publicationprocess of scientific papers is to ensure the quality, validity, and originality of the research. Peer reviewers,who are experts in the field, evaluate the paper for its scientific merit, methodology, and presentation. They provide feedback and recommendations that can help the authorsimprove their work before it is published.]14. Discuss the ethical considerations in scientific research and writing.[Answer: Ethical considerations in scientific researchand writing include honesty in reporting results, avoiding fabrication or falsification of data, maintainingconfidentiality when necessary, and ensuring that theresearch has been conducted with informed consent and adherence to ethical guidelines. Researchers must also avoid conflicts of interest and ensure that their work does notharm the participants or the environment.]四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）15. Discuss the impact of technology on scientific communication and the challenges it presents.[Answer: Technology has significantly impacted scientific communication by enabling faster and more efficient dissemination of research findings through digital platforms. It has also facilitated collaboration among researchersacross the globe through tools like cloud computing andvirtual labs. However, it presents challenges such as information overload, the need for data security, and the potential for misinformation or "fake news" to spread rapidly.Researchers must be adept at navigating these challenges to ensure that their communication remains accurate and trustworthy.]16. Analyze the role of language in scientific writing and the strategies to enhance clarity and precision.[Answer: Language plays a crucial role in scientific writing as it is the medium through which researchers convey their findings and ideas. To enhance clarity and precision, writers should use concise and unambiguous language, avoid jargon when unnecessary, and employ active voice whenever possible. Additionally, structuring the text logically, using appropriate headings and subheadings, and carefully proofreading for grammar and spelling errors are essential strategies to improve the quality of scientific writing.]。

练习1I、在下列每个句子的空白处填上适当的冠词（如果必要的话），然后将句子译成汉语：1. There has been _____ ever greater interest in this subject.2. The power rating is the maximum power the resistor can safely dissipate without too great _____ rise in temperature.3. Its primary disadvantage is _____ increase in noise.4. _____ successful design of the equipment requires _____ detailed knowledge of the performance specifications.5. In _____ Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, _____ single electron revolves around _____ single proton in a circle of radius R.6. The unit of frequency is _____ hertz.7. If _____ voltage is applied across _____ circuit, _____ electric current will flow in _____ circuit.8. _____ Fig. 5-1 shows _____ Oersted’s experiment.9. We should use _____ 18-volt battery here.10. _____ machine is _____ device for transmitting force to accomplish _____ definite purpose.11. _____ hydraulic press will be considered in _____ Chapter 14.12. _____ study of fluids in motion is one of _____ more difficult branches of mechanics because of _____ diversity of phenomena that may occur.13. It is easy to determine _____ value of _____ parameter μ.14. By _____ Eq. (2-1) we have _____ following relation.15. It is necessay to use _____ S-shaped tube here.16. The authors work at _____ University of Texas at _____ Arlinton.17. This is _____ R-bit transformer.18. _____ XOR gate must be used here.II、将下列句子译成英语，注意正确地使用冠词：1、这是一个h参数（parameter）。

A Century of ScienceBy Jim WilsonConsolidation WorkI. Fill in the blanks with the words and expressions provided, making some change when necessary1.The scholar declared that this plan would never __take hold___ with the votersand the candidate should reconsider it.2.The common law doctrine of employment ___at will__ holds that, unlessspecified otherwise, the employment relationship can be terminated for any reason.3.An __adventurous___ activity can lead to gains in knowledge, such as in the caseof the numerous pioneers who have explored and charted the Earth and, in recent times, traveled into space and to the Moon.4.Remember that fear always __lurks___ behind perfectionism. Confronting yourfears and allowing yourself the right to be human can make you a far happier and more productive person.5.In a perfect world, this would be sufficient, but computers and software can crash,power can fail, and other unpredictable, ___ catastrophic ___ events can conspire to erase your work.6.There were indications that federal energy planners were beginning to give moreserious consideration to __enhance___ recovery projects to boost domestic crude oil production.7.The officials were very pleased that they had been able to __work out__ anagreement to let this important legislation move to a vote in the House.8.There are a number of programming techniques that I've found instantly identify a__ defective ___ program.9.Involved in this study are the determination of the earth’s gravitational field andobservation of __variations__ in the earth’s rotation, the location of the poles, and tides.10.The Chelsea Theater Center created a ___genuinely__ thrilling event with itsadaptation of Leo Tolstoy’s Strider.11.On the same day a small group of residents gathered on the steps of Town Hall afew weeks ago declared the courts decision ___null and void__.12.Minkowski’s galactic research has revealed 212 new planetary nebulae,__seemingly___ concentrated toward the galactic center.13.The view of contemporary society presented by Cox is opposed __radically__ toVahanian’s pessimism.14.He said that a U.S.-Soviet working group would be set up to study ways to avert__unintended__ confrontations between the two countries.15.You can turn the handheld mode and wireless mode __on and off__ independently. II. Use the appropriate form of the words given in the brackets to fill in the blanks1. skepticism2. occupant.3. precision4. mastery5. seemingly6. technologically7. genetically8.undisclosed9. modification 10. exhaustive III. Paraphrase the following sentences taken from the text1.Engineers made time shorter with transcontinental railroads that changed adistressing, time-consuming and dangerous journey into a safe one.2.In the everyday/ordinary world, telling / separating / distinguishing winners fromlosers isn’t only possible, but very often quite necessary.3.When Apollo 11 was landed, man realized the old dream that he had longcherished in his heart since the first human turned his eyes toward the moon.4. A small group of specialized physicists believed that something of the greatestsignificance to the world might be lying behind the strange / unusual results obtained from some of their experiments that were clever but hard to understand.5. Those rules that are put to use in the range of human beings become useless in thecentre of atom.IV. Test your general knowledge.1. Who proved that lightning and electricity are identical by means of kite experiment in 1752 and subsequently invented the lightning rod?A. James WatsonB. Thomas EdisonC. Benjamin FranklinD. Orville Wright2. The following units are commonly used in the system of unit to measure electrical quantities. Which one is the unit of charge?A. AmpereB. V oltC. OhmD. Coulomb3. The Wright brothers are generally credited the first controlled, powered, heavier-than-air flight on _____________. In the two years afterward, they developed their flying machine into the world’s first practical fixed-wing aircraft, along with many other aviation milestones.A. December 17, 1803B. December 17, 1843C. December 17, 1903D. December 17, 19434. _____________ was NASA’s second Space Shuttle orbiter to be put into service. Its maiden voyage was on April 4, 1983, and it made eight further round trips tolow earth orbit before breaking up 73 seconds after the launch of its tenth mission, on January 28, 1986, killing all 7 crew members.A. EnterpriseB. ColumbiaC. ChallengerD. Endeavour5. Which of the following statements about atom is NOT true?A. The atom is the smallest unit of a chemical element having the properties of thatelement.B. The atom consists of a central, negatively charged core, the nucleus, andpositively charged particles called electrons that are found in orbits around the nucleus.C. Almost the entire mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus, whichoccupies only a tiny fraction of the atom’s volume.D. The nucleus of an atom consists of neutrons and protons, the neutron being anuncharged particle and the proton a positively charged one.6. Periodic table is the chart of the elements in which the elements are arranged in columns and rows according to _____________.A. initial letters of elementsB. increasing atomic numberC. chronological time of element being foundD. a random way7. Acid rain can contaminate drinking water, damage vegetation and aquatic life, and erode buildings and monuments. It is so harmful because it contains high levels of ___________.A. carbon dioxideB. vitriolC. hydrochloric acidD. sulfuric or nitric acids8. The discovery of penicillin is usually attributed to Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming in 1928. Today penicillin is still one of the most important antibiotics because of its ______________.A. antagonistic effect on bacteriaB. effective reduction of blood pressureC. lessening of painD. promotion of blood circulation9. In 1996 experiments in cloning resulted in the development of an animal from a cell, and scientists named it Dolly. Actually Dolly is a ___________.A. sheepB. pigC. catD. rat10. Thomas Edison was one of the greatest and most productive inventors of his time.Which of th e following things is not his invention?A. incandescent lampB. telephoneC. peep-show machineD. the transmitter and receiver for the automatic telegraph11. What is the correct description of a gene?A. a section of a proteinB. a section of an enzymeC. a collection of enzymesD. a section of DNA in the nucleus12. The Internet evolved from a secret feasibility study conceived by the U.S. Dept. of Defense in ________ to test methods of enabling computer networks to survive military attacks.A. 1965B. 1967C. 1969D. 197013. The metal mercury is __________.A. the hardest known metalB. a liquid at room temperatureC. highly radioactiveD. extensively used in aircraft construction14. Each computer that is directly connected to the Internet is uniquely identified by a__________ called its IP address.A. 16-bit binary numberB. 32-bit binary numberC. 16-bit binary numberD. 32-bit decimal number15. Which in the following techniques can be used to defend data in transit betweensystems, reducing the probability that data exchanged between systems can be intercepted or modified?A. firewallB. encryptionC. authenticationD. anti-virus softwareV. Proofread the following passage.Many discoveries have happened by accident. The Wright brothersdiscovered flight because of an accident—actually two accidents. Thefirst occurred during the winter of 1885-86 that a hockey injury forced 1. _when_ Wilbur, the elder Wright, to postpone college. Recovered at home, he 2. Recovering consumed the content of his father’s library and became intrigued bynewspaper and magazines accounts of the German aeronaut Lilienthal. 3. _magazine_ It was news of Lilienthal’s death in an August 1896 glider crash thatspurred the brothers to continue the quest.Like Lilienthal, the Wrights attacked the problem scientifically, intheir case by accumulating data from a wind tunnel constructed in theirbicycle shop. They realized the key difficulty ^ achieving heavier-than-air 4. __in_ flight was not in creating lift to elevate the aircraft, but in maintainingcontrol once it was airborne. Their solution, while not elegant, was truly inspired. The pilot lied on the bottom wing with his hips in a cradle that 5. __lay was connected to a “wing-warping” system. Moving the hips to the rightand left increased the angle of attack on one wing while reducing it on 6. __or__ the other. Linkage to the rudder counteracted yaw. The net effect wasto allow the pilot to roll the plane to its longitudinal axis so that it could 7. __on__ “bank” into turns much as a bicycle allows its rider to lean into a curve. Eventually, ailerons, small flaps on the trailing edge of wings, wouldobsolete wing-warping. And until the Wright brothers struck upon this 8. __But_ solution, flight remained an impossible dream.In the years that we/re followed their fateful Dec. 17, 1903, flight in 9. _were Kitty Hawk, N.C., the Wright brothers refined the design of their craft.They developed the first practically flying machine in 1905. A model 10. practical capable of flying for one hour at an average speed of 40 mph waspurchased by the U.S. Army Signal Corps in 1909. Within 10 years, themilitary’s experimentation and experience with aircraft would makeplanes as essential to future arsenals as guns or explosives.Is Science Evil?By Karl JaspersSelf-testI. Fill in the blanks with the words and expressions provided, making some change when necessary1. in comparison with2. perpetration3. compelling4. fit into5. plausible6. paradox7. esteemed8. excessive9. by virtue of 10. striving for11. problematic 12. as such 13. gloss over 14. inquisitive 15. live up toII. Using the appropriate form of the words given in the brackets to fill in the blanks1. Claiming something is true misses the point, while presenting verifiable fact proves its correctness. (verification)2. The American writer’s novel typified the disillusionment and bohemianism amonga generation of post - World War I Americans.3. Quantum mechanics and relativity have revealed the boundaries of validity of classical mechanics. (valid)4. However, he got his indictment deferred, upon promise to discover his accomplices.5. Consequently, considered as a whole, knowledge of any kind is inseparable from direct experience. (separate)6. The debate team must prepare the position,rebuttal and closing in advance, or at least major parts of it. Different students should be responsible for different parts.7. Many people have noted that the Germans and English are both methodical and well-organized.8. People with a taste for fiction experienced dreams that contained more improbable events, and their dreams were more emotionally intense.9. Whatever critics felt about the merits of the film,the actor enjoyed nearly unanimous raves for his work. (unanimity)10. Each Member State undertakes to respect the exclusively international character of the responsibilities of the Secretary-General and the staff and not to seek to influence them in the discharge of their duties.III. Translate the short paragraph into Chinese参考译文：我们如今所认为是科学的东西其实大部分根本不是科学，而是应用科学，即技术。