2015最新考研英语核心词汇说文解词Unit 3

考研英语高频重点单词详解系列之2015年阅读Text 3（下）1. 74process ['prəʊses]n.1.(为取得某个结果而采取的)步骤，程序，过程;(自然发展、变化的)过程，进程2. 制作法，工序，工艺流程v.1.加工，处理，冲印(照片) 2. 审阅，审核，处理(文件、请求等)3. 列队行进;缓慢而严肃地行进【词根记忆】：pro (前缀：向前)+ cess (走) →向前走的过程→过程，程序【短语搭配】：in the process of在…的过程中in process过程中的;在进行中in process of正在;在…过程中【真题例句】：The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. 主编今天宣布《自然》杂志正在增加对同等的检查过程增加新一轮的统计检查。

(2015年阅读Part A)2. 10confidence ['kɑnfɪdəns]n. 信任，信心，把握;私下说的话秘，密话【词根记忆】：con一起+fid=faith+ce名词后缀→各方面都能信任(自己)→信心【短语搭配】：have confidence in自信的,确信的;【真题例句】：“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,”writes McNutt in an editorial. “读者们一定要相信我们杂志发布的结论”McNutt在一篇社评中写道。

(2015年阅读Part A)3. 7internal [ɪk'stɝnl]a. 内部的，内在的【词根记忆】：inter-词根：外部，n-无意义，al-的【短语搭配】：internal trade, revenue, etc 国内贸易﹑税收【真题例句】：Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. 手稿将被标记来供该杂志的编辑内部进行额外的审查由，或者通过编辑审查其现有的董事会或由外部同行评议。

1.Unit OneA Question of Degree对学位的质疑Perhaps we should rethink an idea fast becoming an undisputed premise of American life that a college degree is necessary(and perhaps even a sufficient) precondition for success.I do not wish to quarrel with the assumptions made about the benefits of orthodox education.I want only to expose its false god:the four-year, all-purpose,degree-granting college,aimed at the so-called college-age population and by now almost universally accepted as the stepping-stone to“meaningful”and “better”jobs.What is wrong with the current college/work cycle can be seen in the following anomalies:we are selling college to the youth of American as a take-off pad for the material good life.College is literally advertised and packaged as a means for getting more money through“better”jobs at the same time that Harvard graduates are taking jobs as taxi drivers.This situation is perversion of the true spirit of a university，a perversion of a humane social ethic and，at bottom，a patent fraud.To take the last point first,the economy simply is not geared to guaranteeing these presumptive “better”jobs;the colleges are not geared to training for such jobs;and the ethical propriety of the entire enterprise is very questionable.We are by definition(rather than by analysis)establishing two kinds of work:work labeled“better”because it has a degree requirement tagged to it and nondegree work,which,through this logic, becomes automatically“low level”.This process is also destroying our universities.The“practical curriculum”must become paramount;the students must become servants of big business and big government.Under these conditions the university can no longer be an independent source of scientific and philosophic truth-seeking and moral criticism.Finally,and most important，we are destroying the spirit of youth by making college compulsory at adolescence,when it may be least congruent with emotional and physical needs;and we are denying college as an optional and continuing experience later in life,when it might be most congruent with intellectual and recreational needs.Let me propose an important step to reverse these trends and thus help restore freedom and dignity to both our colleges and our workplaces.We should outlaw employment discrimination based on college degrees.This would simply be another facet of our“equal-opportunity”policy and would add college degrees to sex,age, race,religion and ethnic group as inherently unfair bases for employment selection.People would，wherever possible，demonstrate their capacities on the job.Where that proved impractical，outside tests could still serve.The medical boards，bar exams，mechanical，mathematical and verbal aptitude tests might still be used by various enterprises.The burden of proof of their legitimacy，however，would remain with the using agencies.So too would the costs.Where the colleges were best equipped to impart a necessary skill they would do so，but only where it would be natural to the main thrust of a university endeavor.The need for this rethinking and for this type of legislation may best be illustrated by a case study.Joe V.is a typical liberal-arts graduate，fired by imagination art and literature.He took a job with a large New York City Bank，where he had the opportunity to enter the“assistant manager training program”.The trainees rotated among different bank departments to gain technical know-how and experience and also received classroom instruction，including some sessions on“how to write a business letter.”The program was virtually restricted to college graduates. At the end of the line，the trainees became assistant bank managers：a position consisting largely of giving simple advice to bank customers and a modest amount of supervision of employees.Joe searched for some connection between the job and the training program，on the one hand，and his college-whetted appetites and skills on the other.He found nothing.In giving Joe preference for the training program,the bank had bypassed a few enthusiastic aspirants already dedicated to a banking career and daily demonstrating their competence in closely related jobs.After questioning his superiors about the system,Joe could only conclude that the“top brass”had some very diffuse and not-too-well–researched or even well-thought-out conceptions about college men. The executives admitted that a college degree did not of itself ensure the motivation or the verbal or social skills needed.Nor were they about what skills were most desirable for their increasing diverse branches.Yet they clung to the college prerequisite.Business allows the colleges to act as recruiting,screening and training agencies for them because it saves money and time.Why colleges allow themselves to act as servicing agents may not be as apparent.One reason may be that colleges are increasingly becoming conventional bureaucracies.It is inevitable,therefore,that they should respond to the first and unchallenged law of bureaucracy:expand!The more that college’s can persuade outside institutions to restrict employment in favor of theirclientele,the stronger is the college’s hold and attraction.This rational becomes even clearer when we understand that the budgets of public universities hang on the number of students“serviced”.Seen from this perspective,then,it is perhaps easier to understand why such matters as“university independence”or“the propriety”of using the public bankroll to support enterprises that are expected to make private profits, can be dismissed.Conflict of interest is difficult to discern when the interests involved are your own.What is equally questionable is whether a college degree,as such,is proper evidence that new skills that are truly needed will be delivered.A friend who works for Manpower Training Program feels that there is a clear divide between actual job needs and college-degree requirements.One of her chief frustration is the knowledge that many persons with ability to do paraprofessional mental-health work are lost to jobs they could hold with pleasure and profit because the training program also require a two-year associate art degree.Obviously,society can and does manipulate job status.I hope that we can manipulate it in favor of the greatest number of people.More energy should be spent in trying to upgrade the dignity of all socially useful work and to eliminate the use of human beings for any work that proves to be truly destructive of the human spirit. Outlawing the use of degrees as prerequisites for virtually every job that our media portray as“better”should carry us a long step toward a healthier society.Among other things,there is far more evidence that work can make college meaningful than that college can make work meaningful.My concern about this degree/work cycle might be far less acute;however,if everyone caught up in the system were having a good time.But we seem to be generating a college population that oscillates between apathy and hostility.One of the major reasons for this joylessness in our university life is that the students see themselves as prisoners of economic necessity.They have bought the media message about better jobs,and so they do their time.But the promised land of“better”job is, on the one hand,not materializing,and on the other hand the students is by now socialized to find such“better”jobs distasteful even if they were to materialize.One of the major improvements that could result from the proposed legislation against degree requirements for employments would be a new stocktaking on the part of all our educational pulsory schools,for example,would understand that the basic skills for work and family life in our society would have to be compressed into those years of schooling.Colleges and universities,on the other hand,might be encouraged to be unrestricted,as continuous and as open as possible.They would be released from the pressures of ensuring economic survival through a practical curriculum.They might best be modeled after museums.Hours would be extensive，fees minimal，and services available to anyone ready to comply with course-by-course demands.College under these circumstances would have a clearly understood focus，which might well be the traditional one of serving as gathering place for those persons who want to search for philosophic and scientific“truths”.This proposal should help our universities rid themselves of some strange and gratuitous practices.For example，the university would no longer have to organize itself into hierarchical levels：B.A.,M.A.,PH.D.There would simply be courses of greater and lesser complexity in each of the disciplines.In this way graduate education might be more rationally understood and accepted for what it is——more education.The new freedom might also relieve colleges of the growing practice of instituting extensive“work programs,”“internships”and“independence study”programs.The very names of these enterprises are tacit admissions that the campus itself is not necessary for many genuinely educational experiences.But,along with “external degree”programs,they seem to pronounce that whatever one has learned in life by whatever diverse and interesting routes cannot be recognized as increasing one’s dignity,worth,usefulness or self-enjoyment until it is converted into degree credits.The legislation I propose would offer a more rational order of priorities.It would help recapture the genuine and variegated dignity of workplace along with the genuine and more specialized dignity of the university.It would help restore to people of all ages and inclinations a sense of their own basic worth and offer them as many roads as possible to reach Rome.Vocabulary1.What look like generous hire-purchase terms are fundamentally just encouragement to the customer to spend his very last penny.【at bottom】2.A lot of viewers complain that there is too much crime and needless sex and violence on TV.【gratuitous无端的】3.I read a brief extract of Erving Goffman's new detective novel on the train and it has rather aroused my appetite for mysteries.【whetted引起】4.The article simply records the political changes of the last year,but it doesn't offer an honest appraisal of the government's achievements.【stocktaking评价估量】st week the city government warned that it would consider legislation to forbid smoking in public places.【outlaw不合法】6.Is it not something of an oddity to have a President of one political persuasion and a Prime Minister of another.【anomaly异常】7.These bigger companies have the money,but they don't always have the expertise to get the job done right.【know-how技能】8.As a member of the club,you must abide by its rules and regulations,otherwise you'll be punished severely.【comply with遵照，遵守】9.Asked whether she would like to work with Jack in my office，Mary replied"No" with obvious distaste.【patent显然的】10.There are many priorities,but reducing the budget deficit as soon as possible is more important than anything else.【paramount最高的】1.What monstrous perversion扭曲of the human spirit leads a sniper to open fire on a bus carrying children2.His writing is so diffuse冗长，obscure and overwrought that it is difficult to make out what it is he is trying to say3.We were in a hurry so we decided to bypass忽略Canterbury because we knew there'd be a lot of traffic there.4.The office director insisted that there was no question as to the propriety合适ofhow the benevolent funds were raised.5.Hector has been trying to get his job upgraded升级for years,but management won't because they'd have to pay him more.6.As a moody young adolescent,Mandy oscillates波动between joyous enthusiasm and melodramatic despair,most especially when it comes to boys.7·How successful they were would hang on坚持下去the speed with which the product could be distributed to the shops.8.Judging by the books sold，this young writer seems to have a strong hold over the reading public.9.If I were you,I would never allow my daughter to attend a such apathy冷漠exists among both the students and teachers.10.She rose,came up to me and said:“Could you provide me with a clear rationale 解释for taking this course of action"2.Unit Two The Middle Class中产阶级The middle class is distinguishable more by its earnestness and psychic insecurity than by its middle income.I have known some very rich people who remain stubbornly middle-class,which is to say they remain terrified at what others think of them,and to avoid criticism are obsessed with doing everything right.The middle class is the place where table manners assume an awful importance...The middle class,always anxious about offending,is the main market for"mouthwashes," and if it disappeared the whole"deodorant"business would fall to the ground.中产阶级有另别于其他阶级的特征是他们一本正经的生活态度和缺乏安全感的精神状态，而不是他们的中等收入。

2015考研词汇速成spectacular a.壮观的n.惊人之举第一部分身体部位及人物关系spectator n.观众，旁观者(一)眼speculate vi.推测2.投机vt.推测spec, spect, spic, spisef speculation n.思索，做投机买卖respect speculative a.思索的，推测的respectable adj.值得尊敬的aspect n. 1.方面2.方向3.面貌，外观Tommasi ni regards Gilbert as an artist who is C spectrum n .1.光谱2.范围，幅度A. in flue ntialB. modestC. respectableD. tale nted (2011. Text 1-22) vid,vis，看见respectful a.恭敬的，尊敬的video n.录相带a.视频的disrespectful a.无礼的view n. 1.看法2.景色vt.看待respective a.各自的viewpoi nt n.观点respectively ad.各自地visitor n.参观者，访问者，来客retrospect n.回顾，追溯vt.回顾，追忆vi.回evide nt a.明显的，明白的顾，追溯，回想review n./vt. 1.审查2.复习3.评论4.检….raising a child can bring happ in ess in 阅retrospect …..(2011 text 4) visibleprospect n.前途；预期vt.(for)勘探，勘察in visible 看不见的，无形的The prospect seems remote. (2010. Text 1). visulize 使可视化，使具体化，使形象化prospective a.预期的，未来的visual 视力的expect visit 参观expectati on n.期待；预期；指望visio n n.视力，洞察力；想象力，幻觉。

Unit 1眼耳口鼻（一）1.a udi=to hear（听）★说文解词：Audi就是“奥迪”，我们都听说过的汽车品牌。

而词根audi的含义就是to hear（听）。

audience（音乐会等的听众、观众）Vs spectator（体育赛事等的观众）audience spectatorgymnasium Beijing National StadiumBeijing National Aquatics Center2. cant，cent=to sing（唱歌）★说文解词：cant----chantcamp----championcant----cent（词根中元音字母a-e-i-o-u向下替换，以增强构词力）accent① n. 口音, 腔调：London accent：ask，gardener② n./ v. 重音；重读重点；突出重点，强调：to accent the practical utility of the computers【近stress，emphasis；highlight，emphasize】incentiven. 激励；刺激［~ (for/to sb/sth) (to do sth)］】A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives forpromising start.（2005 Text 2）3. rod, ros = to bite （咬）★说文解词：词根rod ，ros 的准确含义是“啃，咬”，是bite 的持续、反复的动作；所以由它衍生出的单词corrode ，erosion 都含有“逐渐侵蚀、损害”的含义。

corrodev. to eat away or be eaten away, esp. by chemical action 腐蚀，侵蚀（喻） v. 渐渐损害，损伤：corrode public confidenceerosionn. the process by which the surface of sth is gradually destroyed by wind, rain etc.侵蚀，风化（喻）n. 逐渐毁坏，削弱★说文解词：spec----spi(c)scop★熟词助记：re spect：（re-=back，again）反复看，一遍遍地看→ v./n.尊敬，重视micro scope：（micro微小）使人看到微小的东西→ n.显微镜respect① n./vt. 尊重，重视【反disrespect】②n. = aspect（事物的）方面，细节irrespectiveaspect→)样子，外观；(看的→)方面，层面The sobering aspect of Allen ’s book is that we have no one else to blame for our present condition except 2011翻译）expect① vt. （自己对……的→）预期；盼望→）要求，指望 【近demand 】1. ...consumption of food and drink in places other than homes ...is expected to approach 38 percent by ）2. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today ’s economic climate.（2013 Part B ）inspectvt. 检查；视察inspection n.perspective①n. 景观，远景②n. 透视法→思考方法；观点态度客观判断力，权衡轻重的能力［in ~］1.From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an（2007 Text 3）2. Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so. (2002知识运用)①n. 风景，景色②n. 前景，可能性→）成功的机会；有望获胜者：a good prospect for a gold medal1. This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad.2. If circumstances always determined the life and prospects of people, then humanity would never have progressed.（2011翻译）；】①n. ［用复数］眼镜spectacles contact lenses ② n.壮观的场面、景象（反向延伸）奇特的现象，出人意外的情况Potala Palacehypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply.）speculate① v. 推测，猜测［~about/on sth ］→）投机，做投机买卖［~in/on sth ］But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big picture was leading 知识运用speculation n.suspect① v. think 觉得（尤指坏事可能属实或发生）speculate② v. mistrust不信任(某事物)；怀疑（某人有罪）：suspect him of theftn. 嫌疑犯，可疑对象’s emotional thermostat...（2005 Text 3）suspect your motives.(外刊)suspicion n.The definition also excludes the majority of teachers, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally（2006翻译）Men in female-dominated jobs are conspicuous.（1988翻译）】范围，领域 → （做事的）空间，余地，机会’s action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the Supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders.（2010 Text 4）2. With the situation still fluid, there is plenty of scope for lobbying against rules that could hurt profits.（外刊）telescopen. 望远镜（像收缩镜筒→）v. to become shorter, or make sth shorter, by（使）叠缩 → 缩短，精简 Such history and pre-history tend to be telescoped into a very oral tradition and handed down from generation to generation.★词源串讲：species：appearance, sight, a seeing（样子，看到的景象）→外观相同的一类→物种，种类specificspeciala. 特殊的；专门的→ n. 特别活动；特制产品；特价：coffee is on specialspecialistspecialityspecific① a. detailed and exact 明确的；具体的② a. particular 特定的，特指的[~ to ]【近peculiar to 】specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as （2007 Text 1）2. emerging Internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online transactions （2010 Text 2）3. Such a reformulation is not specific to a particular school of thought.（外刊）specification5. vid, vis=to see(看见)★说文解词：audi o——vide ovis it——vis itorevidence①n. 证据，证明→ vt. 证明，作为……的证据：as evidenced by②in evidence：easily seen or noticed显眼，惹人注意provide①vt. 提供，供应②provide（提供）against （以防备）sth（不测）：预防，防备※③vt. （法规、规章）规定（必须做）1. At the age of eighteen the law provides adult responsibilities as well as rights... (1991 Text 2)’s order books: to provide against price risesand shortage, his customers had swamped him with orders. (外刊)］envision）设想，展望1. The potential evolution of today’s technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated,s perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. (2013 Text 3)2. The framers of the Constitution envisioned law as having authority apart from politics.（2012知识运用）revise① v. 修正，修订（意见、计划、文稿等）② v.（在考试前）复习revise. (2008 Part B)supervisev. 监督，管理，指导】In 1924 America ’s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of experiments at a factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago.（2010知识运用）The same dramatic technological changes...have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will ， more visible ， and much more damaging ways.（2011 Text 3）vision① n. 视力，视野：field of vision② n. （开阔的视野，长远的目光→） 远见卓识：a leader with vision想像，念头Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely—though by no meansglowingly positive. (2013 Text 3)visualvisualise★词源串讲：缩合：prudent----provident（=pro- +vid+ -ent= 向前看的→为未来打算的）。

Unit 31．urbana.城市的；都市的；习惯于都市生活的【例句】①More and more people are moving to urban areas. 越来越多的人正迁向城市。

【扩展】suburb n. 郊区；郊外；近郊rural a. 农村的，乡间的，乡村地区的，具有乡村特色的2．chartn.图表【例句】①On three walls are pasted large charts illustrating world poverty. 三面墙上都贴着表明世界贫困状况的大型曲线图。

3．securea.安全的，可靠的【例句】①The little boy felt secure near his parents. 那小男孩在父母身边感到安心。

【派生】security4. analyzev.分析；分解【例句】①The new tonic was analyzed and found to contain small amounts of poison. 这种新药经过化验，被发现其中含有少量毒素。

【派生】analysis n.分析，分解analyzable a. 可被分析的；可被分解的analyst n.分解者；分析者analytical a.分析的；分解的5. barriern. 障碍【例句】①Family background should be no barrier to success in life. 家庭背景不应是成功的障碍。

【搭配】language barrier 语言障碍Set up a barrier between 在。

中间设置障碍Remove the barrier between 拆除。

中间的障碍【辨析】barricade 通常指用树，土堆，砖墙等造的临时的障碍物barrier 指故意设置的用来阻止或控制物体前进的障碍物，更多的用来指抽象的障碍block 指在道路或其他通道之中，使其不顺畅的障碍物obstacle 多指抽象的障碍6．transformv.改变；改观；使变形【例句】①She transformed the room by painting it. 她油漆了房间使它为之一新。

Unit 2眼耳口鼻（二）1. cite=to summon（召唤）★说文解词：单词cite最初的含义即to summon“召唤，传唤”。

★熟词助记：excite（ex-=out）to call out唤出、引出反应→ v.使兴奋，激发cite①vt. 传讯，传唤（到法院）②vt. （召唤出例子→）引证，举实例；（召唤出原文→）引述【近quote】→）嘉奖，表彰：They were cited for their outstanding performance. Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of society’s ills” and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx,（1997 Text 4）recite①v. （尤指对听众）背诵，吟诵②v. 列举，逐一讲述：recite a list of interests and accomplishmentsrecitation2. claim，clam=to cry（大叫）★说文解词：cl a m---- cl ai mac claim-----ac clam ation，ex claim----ex clam ation，pro claim-----pro clam ationpro nounce-----pro nunci ationacclaimvt. 欢呼，喝彩→称赞)，喝彩(声) ；称誉：win universal acclaimAt any rate, this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an（2010 Part B）claim①大喊着→声称，主张（to state）一个观点→表明对某物有所有权而→（to demand）要求，索取（应得的权利或财物）；(向保险公司)索赔→认领※②（物做主语）→（to demand）（指事物）需要, 值得（关注等）that the 2002 agreement is invalid because of the 2006（2011知识运用）3. The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market.（2010 Text 2）4. Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face.（2010 Text 2）5. As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants. (1999 Text 1)①vt. 宣布，公示→）明确显示，清楚表明proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least （2004 Text 4）2. The friars in the coarse cloth and open sandals proclaim the virtue of poverty. (外刊)①vt. 要求收回、归还；取回：in an effort to reclaim their cultural and spiritual heritage②vt. 开垦（荒地）；(自废料中)回收(有用材料)【近recycle】③vt. 教化，使悔过自新［~sb］：to reclaim the youthful criminal3. voc，voke=to call（喊）★说文解词：v oi ce---- vo cvo k★熟词助记：vocabulary= voc+ -able+ -ary（表示集合）=声音语言的集合，所说的词汇的集合→n.词汇；词汇量；词汇表（反应）advocate①v. 拥护，提倡n. 提倡者，鼓吹者1. Even Tommasini，who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times，calls him “anmusician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.”（2011 Text 1）2. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.（2012 Text 1）advocacyevokevt. 引起，唤起（某人强烈的感情、回忆或某种形象）：evoke a feeling, a memory etc.provoke①vt. 激起，引起（尤指强烈的、不愉快的反应）（某人作出某种反应）1. The company, a major energy supplier in New England, provoked justified outrage in Vermont last）2. Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids.（2011 Text 4）激怒公牛vocala. 嗓音的，发声的（喻）a. 强烈反对的，直言不讳的：He has been very vocal in his displeasure over the results.vocationn. a job that you do because you have a very strong feeling that doing this job is the purpose of your life （指自己非常热爱的）工作，职业【近call ing】（从事某行业的）素质，才能；信心，使命感：have a true vocation for teaching These days the Net... is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well.（2003 Text 1）★说文解词：dictionary= dict+-ion+-ary（表示集合）将人们所说语言汇集→n.词典predictvt. 预言，预测 【近fore cast ，fore see 】addictan illegal chemical taken by drug addicts （1997 Text 3）】 predictably ad. prediction n.contradictvt. to disagree with sth by saying that the opposite is true反驳，批驳相抵触、相矛盾：those statements contradict each other...ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview（1998 Text 3）为……举行落成仪式→为（书等）题献词：this book is dedicated to…；②vt. 将（时间、精力等）奉献给［~ oneself/sth to］① v. to say or read aloud words for sb else to write down口授；让（某人）听写： dictated a letter② v. 强行规定，指使 n.命令, 指示 【近command, order 】→）v.支配，决定 【近dominate, determine 】’ meeting to dictate their orders to the management （1996 Text 3）dictates a universal grammar （2012翻译）①n. ［pl. indexes］索引；卡片目录：index cardsvt. 编入索引，给……编索引②n. ［pl. indices］标志，指标【近sign, indication, indicator】pl. indices 或indexes］（专业含义→）（用于比较今昔价格、费用等的）指数1. Now, consider three indices of assimilation—language, home ownership and intermarriage.（2006 Text 1）’s commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.（2002 Text 3）indicate①v. （事物→）表明，显示，标志着（某事存在、会发生等）【近denote, signal, signify】②v. （人→）表明，暗示（意向等）【近suggest, imply】③v. （具体动作→）point, point to指，指示，指向：She indicated the quickest route to us on the map.1. ...the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire（2005知识运用）indicated that they would appeal to privately funded researchers and clinics not to try to clone humans by body cell nuclear transfer.（1999 Text 4）indicationverdict①n.（法庭上陪审团做出的）裁决，裁定~on sb/sth 【近resolution】... witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in guilty verdicts.（2001知识运用）★说文解词：谣言女神Fama“法玛”，fa ma= talk, rumor, reportfa=to speak, tell, sayfab famfess与fa组是近亲，含义上更抽象化，指to admit。

2015年考研英语一text3The year 2015 witnessed the release of the English Proficiency Test 1 (EPT1) in China. This national exam, widely known as the "Kaoyan English," has become a critical component of the postgraduate entrance examination for many aspiring students in the country. The text presented in the EPT1 section serves as a crucial assessment tool, evaluating the applicants' comprehensive English language abilities.The significance of this text cannot be overstated as it not only determines the candidates' eligibility for postgraduate programs but also reflects the broader landscape of English language education in China. The text's content, structure, and complexity provide valuable insights into the skills and knowledge deemed essential for success in the country's highly competitive postgraduate admission process.The text selected for the 2015 EPT1 examination offers a captivating exploration of the evolving role of English in the global context. It delves into the intricate dynamics of language, culture, and international communication, presenting a thought-provoking perspective on the challenges and opportunities that arise in an increasingly interconnected world.At the heart of the text lies the recognition that English has transcended its traditional boundaries, transforming from a language associated with specific geographic regions to a global lingua franca. This shift has profound implications for individuals, societies, and nations, as the mastery of English has become a key determinant of success in various spheres, from academia to the corporate world.The text skillfully navigates the nuances of this linguistic evolution, highlighting the inherent complexities and the need for a nuanced understanding of the relationship between language, identity, and cultural exchange. It challenges the notion of a singular, monolithic "Standard English," acknowledging the diverse and dynamic nature of the language as it adapts to the varied contexts in which it is utilized.One of the central themes explored in the text is the concept of "World Englishes," which recognizes the emergence of localized varieties of English that reflect the unique cultural, social, and historical influences of different regions. The text delves into the implications of this phenomenon, examining how the pluralization of English challenges traditional notions of linguistic authority and ownership.Furthermore, the text delves into the role of English in fostering cross-cultural communication and understanding. It explores theopportunities and challenges that arise when individuals from diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds engage in meaningful exchange, highlighting the importance of developing intercultural competence and sensitivity.The text also addresses the complex interplay between language, identity, and power dynamics. It examines how the dominance of English in certain spheres, such as academia and international business, can potentially marginalize other languages and cultures, raising questions about linguistic imperialism and the need for linguistic diversity.Crucially, the text does not offer simplistic solutions or prescriptive approaches. Instead, it encourages readers to engage in critical thinking, to consider the multifaceted nature of the issues at hand, and to explore the nuanced perspectives that emerge from the ongoing dialogue surrounding the role of English in the global landscape.By delving into the 2015 EPT1 text, readers are invited to grapple with the challenges and opportunities presented by the evolving status of English, ultimately fostering a deeper understanding of the language's impact on individual lives, societal dynamics, and the broader global context. The text's richness and complexity serve as a testament to the significance of the EPT1 examination in shaping theeducational and professional trajectories of aspiring postgraduate students in China.。