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Unit 1 Growing UpⅡ. Translation1.那是个正规宴会，我照妈妈对我讲的那样穿着礼服去了。
（formal）As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to.2.他的女朋友劝他趁抽烟的坏习惯尚未根深蒂固之前把它改掉。
（take hold） His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.3.他们预料到下几个月电的需求量很大，决定增加生产。
（anticipate）Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.4.据说比尔因一再违反公司的安全规章而被解雇。
（violate）It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. / Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.5.据报道地方政府已采取适当措施避免严重缺水（water shortage）的可能性。
（avoid, severe）It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.苏珊（Susan）因车祸失去了双腿。
大学英语1Unti1孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家学派（Confucianism）的创始人，被尊称为古代的“圣人”（sage）。
Confucius was a great thinker and educator in Chinese history. He was the founder of Confucianism and was respectfully referred to as an ancient "sage".他的言论和生平活动记录在《论语》（The Analects）一书中。
His words and life story were recorded in The Analects.《论语》是中国古代文化的经典著作，对后来历代的思想家、文学家、政治家产生了很大影响。
An enduring classic of ancient Chinese culture, The Analects has had a great influence on the thinkers, writers, and statesmen that came after Confucius.不研究《论语》，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。
Without studying this book, one could hardly truly understand the thousands-of-years' traditional Chinese culture.孔子的很多思想，尤其是其教育思想，对中国社会产生了深远的影响。
Much of Confucius' thought, especially his thought on education, has had a profound influence on Chinese society.在21世纪的今天，孔子的学说不仅受到中国人的重视，而且也越来越受到整个国际社会的重视。
英译汉教程课后练习题含答案本文包含英译汉教程课后练习题及其答案，分为初级、中级和高级三个部分。
读者可以根据自己的水平选择相应的部分进行练习，以加强自己的英译汉能力。
初级1.He is a teacher. 答案：他是一名教师。
2.She likes to play soccer. 答案：她喜欢踢足球。
3.They are brothers. 答案：他们是兄弟。
4.I have a black cat. 答案：我有一只黑猫。
5.We are students. 答案：我们是学生。
中级1.She is a talented singer and songwriter. 答案：她是一位有才华的歌手和词曲创作人。
2.The company is planning to launch a new product next year.答案：公司计划明年推出一款新产品。
3.He graduated from a prestigious university with a degree incomputer science. 答案：他从一所名牌大学毕业，拥有计算机科学学位。
4.The hotel offers a wide range of amenities and services toits guests. 答案：该酒店为客人提供了各种设施和服务。
5.The movie won several awards at international film festivals.答案：该电影在国际电影节上获得了几个奖项。
高级1.The scientific research project ms to explore the underlyingmechanisms of human cognition and perception. 答案：该科学研究项目旨在探索人类认知和知觉的基本机制。
2.The new policy proposes a comprehensive overhaul of theexisting health care system. 答案：新政策提出了对现有医疗保健系统进行全面改革。
英译汉教程课后练习题含答案前言英译汉（或者汉译英）是外语学习中非常基础和重要的部分，掌握好这一技能能够极大地提高语言表达能力，也是进行国际交流的必备技能之一。
本文将提供一些基础的英译汉练习题，希望读者通过这些题目的练习，巩固自己的英译汉能力。
练习题第一组：单词翻译1.Excitement2.Indifferent3.Charismatic4.Obsoletearre第二组：短语翻译1.On the other hand2.In the long run3.At stake4.In the meantime5.Out of the blue第三组：句子翻译1.She has a bubbly personality and always makes me laugh.2.He is the black sheep of the family and often gets intotrouble.3.The company went bankrupt due to poor management andfinancial mismanagement.4.The author’s writing style is both engaging and thought-provoking.5.The city government plans to build a new park to improve thequality of life for residents.练习答案第一组：单词翻译1.兴奋2.冷漠的3.有领袖气质的4.过时的5.奇异的第二组：短语翻译1.另一方面2.从长远来看3.处于危险中4.在此期间5.出乎意料地第三组：句子翻译1.她有一个活泼的个性，总是让我笑。
2.他是家里的败家子，经常惹麻烦。
3.公司由于管理不善和财务管理不当而破产。
4.作者的写作风格既引人入胜又发人深省。
5.城市政府计划建立一个新公园，以提高居民的生活质量。
大学英语教材课后翻译答案Unit 1: Cultural Diversity1. Translate the following sentences into English.(1) 中国有着悠久的历史和灿烂的文化。
China has a long history and a splendid culture.(2) 他们是在一个友好的氛围中相互交流的。
They are communicating with each other in a friendly atmosphere.(3) 这本书包含了很多关于中国传统文化的信息。
This book contains a lot of information about Chinese traditional culture.(4) 我认为学习一门外语是一个很好的机会，可以了解不同文化。
I think learning a foreign language is a great opportunity to understand different cultures.(5) 我最喜欢的传统艺术形式是京剧。
My favorite traditional art form is Peking Opera.Unit 2: Communication and Technology1. Translate the following sentences into English.(1) 你可以通过电子邮件发送这份文件。
You can send this file via email.(2) 我们可以利用社交媒体与朋友保持联系。
We can keep in touch with friends through social media.(3) 网络的发展改变了我们的生活。
The development of the Internet has changed our lives.(4) 在互联网上，我们可以找到几乎所有我们需要的信息。
课内阅读参考译文及课后习题答案(Book 4)Unit 1享受幽默—什么东西令人开怀？1 听了一个有趣的故事会发笑、很开心，古今中外都一样。
这一现象或许同语言本身一样悠久。
那么，到底是什么东西会使一个故事或笑话让人感到滑稽可笑的呢？2 我是第一次辨识出幽默便喜欢上它的人，因此我曾试图跟学生议论和探讨幽默。
这些学生文化差异很大，有来自拉丁美洲的，也有来自中国的。
我还认真地思考过一些滑稽有趣的故事。
这么做完全是出于自己的喜好。
3 为什么听我讲完一个笑话后，班上有些学生会笑得前仰后合，而其他学生看上去就像刚听我读了天气预报一样呢？显然，有些人对幽默比别人更敏感。
而且，我们也发现有的人很善于讲笑话，而有的人要想说一点有趣的事却要费好大的劲。
我们都听人说过这样的话：―我喜欢笑话，但我讲不好，也总是记不住。
‖有些人比别人更有幽默感，就像有些人更具有音乐、数学之类的才能一样。
一个真正风趣的人在任何场合都有笑话可讲，而且讲了一个笑话，就会从他记忆里引出一连串的笑话。
一个缺乏幽默感的人不可能成为一群人中最受欢迎的人。
一个真正有幽默感的人不仅受人喜爱，而且在任何聚会上也往往是人们注意的焦点。
这么说是有道理的。
4 甚至有些动物也具有幽默感。
我岳母从前经常来我们家，并能住上很长一段时间。
通常她不喜欢狗，但却很喜欢布利茨恩—我们养过的一条拉布拉多母猎犬。
而且，她们的这种喜欢是相互的。
布利茨恩在很小的时候就常常戏弄外祖母，当外祖母坐在起居室里她最喜欢的那张舒适的椅子上时，布利茨恩就故意把她卧室里的一只拖鞋叼到起居室，并在外祖母刚好够不到的地方蹦来跳去，一直逗到外祖母忍不住站起来去拿那只拖鞋。
外祖母从椅子上一起来，布利茨恩就迅速跳上那椅子，从它那闪亮的棕色眼睛里掠过一丝拉布拉多式的微笑，无疑是在说：―啊哈，你又上了我的当。
‖5 典型的笑话或幽默故事由明显的三部分构成。
第一部分是铺垫（即背景），接下来是主干部分（即故事情节），随后便是妙语（即一个出人意料或令人惊讶的结尾）。
1．现在各行各业的人越来越多地依靠计算机来解决各种难题.Now people in different walks of life depend more and more on computers to solve various kinds of difficult problems 2．他已做出计划,每月留出一些钱准备明年去北京旅行.He has made a plan to set aside some money every month for a trip to Beijing next year.3.现代科学技术的发展使社会发生了巨大的变化.The development of modern science and technology has brought about great social changes.4.直到会议结束之后,他才放弃自己的想法.It was not until after the meeting that he gave up his idea.5.我们不要怕别人指出我们的缺点。
We should not be afraid of having our shortcomings pointed out.6.雨下的太大了，我们出不了门.It rained so hard that we couldn’t go out.7.请务必在离开营地前把所有的火都熄灭掉。
Please make sure to put out all the fires before leaving the camping ground.8.我们不能排除天气有变坏的可能性.We can not rule out there possibility that the weather may turn out to be bad.9.要么做好失败的准备,要么干脆别做.Either prepare yourself for failure or don’t do it at all .10.一看到多年未见的老友,她突然哭了起来.At the sight of the old friend she hadn’t seen for years, she burst into tears.11.他自失业以来减少了他的日常开支.He has cut down on his daily expenses since he lost his job.12.当被问及为何不愿与姐姐同在一屋时, 她只是一声不吭.When asked why she didn’t want to share the room with her sister, she just kept silent.13.请务必安排最好的摄影师在结婚典礼上照相.Be sure to arrange for the best photographer to take pictures at the wedding ceremony.14.他是否受过正规训练与成为一名优秀的演员并不相干.Whether he has received formal training or not is not relevant to being a fine actor.15.诸如空气污染和交通拥堵之类的问题早已引起政府的关注.Such problems as air pollution and heavy traffic have already attracted the government’s attention.16.那部新电影是根据真实故事而制作的,我认为它值得一看.I think it worthwhile to see the newly-released film which is based on a true story.17.那项新技术可能使他们的产量翻一番.This new technique may enable them to double their production.18.即使面前有许多困难,我们也决心要进行这项实验.We are determined to carry out the experiment even if there are a lot of difficulties before us.19.请提前一周把申请表寄至人事部门.Please send your application form to the personnel department a week in advance.20.他没有把录音机送回到商店,而是决定自己修理.Rather than take it back to the shop, he decided to repair the recorder himself.21.在市长的帮助下，我们最终获准接触这起交通事故的受害者。
大学英语教材答案整本翻译[注意：本文所述是虚构的，仅用于展示写作技巧和格式] Unit 1: Introduction to English Language Learning Exercise 1: Vocabulary Building1. accessibility (n.) - 可接近性，可进入性2. biliterate (adj.) - 双文化通3. colloquial (adj.) - 口头的，口语的4. differentiate (v.) - 区分，辨别5. encompass (v.) - 包括，涵盖6. fundamental (adj.) - 基础的，根本的7. heterogeneous (adj.) - 异种的，各异的8. intermediate (adj.) - 中级的，居中的9. linguistics (n.) - 语言学10. monolingual (adj.) - 单一语言的，只通一种语言的Exercise 2: Grammar1. Transform the following sentences into passive voice:a) They built a new library in the city center.b) The company will release a new product next month.c) We have invited Professor Lee to give a lecture.d) People should respect each other's opinions.2. Correct the grammatical errors in the following sentences:a) I have went to the supermarket yesterday.b) She don't like vegetables.c) He don't know how to swim.d) They was studying for the exam last night.Exercise 3: Reading Comprehension1. Choose the correct answer to complete the following passage:The Mona Lisa is one of Leonardo da Vinci's most famous paintings. It was painted between 1503 and 1506 and is believed to be a portrait of Lisa Gherardini, a noblewoman from Florence, Italy. The painting is renowned for the enigmatic smile of the subject, as well as da Vinci's use of sfumato. Sfumato is a technique in which layers of paint are applied to create a hazy, smoky effect. The Mona Lisa is now housed in the Louvre Museum in Paris, France.a) famousb) paintingc) smiled) sfumato2. Answer the following questions based on the passage:a) When was the Mona Lisa painted?b) Who is believed to be the subject of the painting?c) What is sfumato?d) Where is the Mona Lisa currently located?Unit 2: Listening and SpeakingExercise 1: Listening Comprehension1. Listen to the following audio and answer the questions:Audio Transcript:Hello, everyone! Welcome to today's lecture on climate change. In this lecture, we will discuss the causes and consequences of global warming. Please take notes as we go along. Let's begin.a) What is the topic of the lecture?b) What will be discussed in the lecture?2. Listen to the following conversation and complete the sentences with the missing information:A: What time does the library open?B: The library opens at ________ in the morning and closes at ________ in the evening.a) What time does the library open?b) What time does the library close?Exercise 2: Speaking1. Role-play the following dialogue:A: Excuse me, can you help me find the bookstore?B: Sure! The bookstore is on the second floor, next to the coffee shop. Just take the escalator to the right, and you'll see it on your left.A: Thank you so much for your help!B: You're welcome. Have a great day!2. Discuss the following question with a partner:Do you prefer studying alone or in a group? Why?Unit 3: WritingExercise 1: Essay WritingWrite an essay of at least 200 words on the topic: "The Impact of Social Media on Society."Exercise 2: Business Letter WritingWrite a business letter to a potential client, introducing your company's new product and explaining its features and benefits.Exercise 3: Summary WritingWrite a summary of the following passage in about 100 words:The Industrial Revolution was a period of significant economic and technological growth that occurred in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.It marked a shift from agrarian societies to industrialized ones, with the introduction of new manufacturing processes and the use of steam power. This revolution had profound effects on society, including urbanization, the rise of capitalism, and changes in working conditions. It laid the foundation for modern industrialized societies and shaped the world as we know it today.以上是本教材的翻译答案，希望能对您的学习有所帮助。
新视野读写教程第三版第二册读写教程课后翻译参考答案第一单元英译中English is known as a world language, regularly used by many nations whose English is not their first language. Like other languages, English has changed greatly. The history of the English language can be divided into three main periods: Old English, Middle English and Modern English. The English language started with the invasion of Britain by three Germanic tribes during the 5th century AD, and they contributed greatly to the formation of the English language. During the medieval and early modern periods, the influence of English spread throughout the British Isles, and from the early 17th century its influence began to be felt throughout the world. The processes of European exploration and colonization for several centuries led to significant change in English. Today, American English is particularly influential, due to the popularity of American cinema, television, music, trade and technology, including the Internet.人们普遍认为英语是一种世界语言，经常被许多不以英语为第一语言的国家使用。
翻译理论与实践课作业天津科技大学外语学院作业一：字词的翻译一、词的理解1.一词多义：wetShe had a wet nurse for the infant Elliot.If you think I am for him, you are all wet.She wet her pants at the news.Statestate and revolution,state of the unionthe united states.3.词义引申：抽象化、具体化Every life has its roses and thorns.She stood there chewing over the strange thing.The engine sounds good.At 23, he had first learned what it is to be a Negro.4.词的褒贬：commentAlice was excited as a child, delighted to be once more the center of the comment. But what a comment, she could not help reflecting, on her own charms.He walked around the room. He then stopped and looked around, “comment” ?5.词的轻重：看词类、看场合、看句型、看习惯等等。
Through；freeHe slept the night through.There is a through train to Beijing.Through this way, they finished the task.She is free with her money.I made her free of my library.二、词义的表达1.直译法dark horse Hot dog Forbidden fruit暴发户半边天红卫兵2意译法blue jacket the yellow leaf Wet blanket炒鱿鱼下海白拿3.直译意译结合法the apple of one’s eye as dull as a gooseBlack sheep as timid as a rabbit4.音译法karaoke Guitar Model Coffee Sofa气功太极功夫狗不理好利来5.音译意译结合法KFC三、词法翻译1.对等译法直接找到同原文对等的表达。
fish in troubled watersturn up one’s nose at sb.turn a deaf ear to,make a fuss about,look before you leapthere is no smoke without firemore haste, less speed,east and west, home is best.2.具体译法3.Class; family; transportation;keep quiet; raise the roof,; oil and vinegar4.抽象译法eat like a bird ; break the iceHe has many hot potatoes to handle every day.I was practically on my knees but he still refused.The newly employed woman servant was extremely lazy and ate a lot, no more than a white elephant.5.增词译法after the football match, he’s got an important meeting.6.省词译法he is a good friend that speaks well of us behind our backs.7.合词译法his father is a man who forgives and forgets.8.转性译法it was a very informative meeting.9.换形译法。
you think she will come if it is fine tomorrow, but I don’t think so.10.褒贬译法ambitiousmany people think that he is one of the most ambitious politicians of our times.Although he is very young, he is very ambitious in his research work.课后练习：To make a long story short.It is another story now.I don’t buy yo ur story.Once the story got abroad, I would never hear the last of it.Of Studies选段：Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business.作业二：句子的翻译一、普通句子的翻译1.换序译法更换原文的词序，使得译文通顺。
even the wild animals of his homeland, it seemed to Kunta, had more dignity than these creatures.2.断句译法长而复杂的句子，适当断开翻译。
the shark swung over and the old man saw his eye was not alive and then he swung over once again, wrapping himself in two loops of the rope.3.转句译法原文词语具有丰富含义，需要译文转译成一个句子。
a crashing thunderstorm, with thick rain hissing down from skies black as night, stopped Victor Henry from leaving the White House.4.合句译法英语句子一般较长，汉语句子较短，所以汉译英时常把几个句子合起来译成一个英语句子。
贾琏见他去了，只得回来瞧凤姐。
／谁知凤姐已醒了，听他和鸳鸯借当。
5.缩句译法将原文的一个句子转换为译文句子的一个部分。
her father became the mayor of the city. He was a murderer in the Second World War.6.转态译法原译文的主被动语态进行转换。
she hadn’t been told Bette’s other name, or she’d forgotten it.7.正反译法原文中的否定词译文翻译为肯定词，肯定词翻译为否定词，相反也可以这样。
we must never stop taking an optimistic view of life.He seemed to be at a loss for the precise words to elaborate his opinion.二、定语从句的翻译限制性定语从句前置法。
先行词起限制作用，可以翻译成带“的”的定语词组，译成汉语单句。
the pupil that had been watching started to applaud.I know a place where we can swim.后置法。
句子较长，汉译时前置定语显得太长不符合汉语表达习惯，可以后置，译成并列句。
a new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach us French.融合法。
将原文的主语和定语从句融合在一起译成一个独立句子。
we have a social and political system which differs in many respects from your own.非限制性定语从句译成并列分句。
Carrie reached home in high good spirits, which she could scarcely conceal.译成独立句。
it has long been my wish to encounter one of the oldest civilizations in earth. I have come amidst you from Egypt, on the banks of the Nile, which also has a most ancient civilization.these actions, which have aroused universal and unreserved disapproval, must nevertheless give us a pause.三、状语从句的翻译1. 句序照译。
大多数状语从句可以直接直接置于句首，与原文一致。
while she spoke, the tears were running down.I left immediately I’d finished my work.The evidence is invalid in that it was obtained through illegal means.2. 发挥汉语的优势。
while one finds company in himself and his pursuits, he cannot feel old, on matter what his years may be. Where there is a will, there is a way.课后练习：1.Cheerful, efficient and warm-hearted, they will do everything to make your journey smooth and comfortable.2. Throughout his life, Benjamin Franklin continued his education, learning from human contacts as well as from books.3. Americans have a great range of customs and habits that at first may seem puzzling to a visitor.4. The young man was very miserable. He had no money about him. All his savings had been stolen.作业三：长句的翻译（英译汉）顺序法。
