表语从句课件

表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的。表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，普通结构是“ 主语＋连系

动词＋表语从句”。

引导表语从句的 that 常可省略。此外，常用的还有 the reason is that… 和 It is because 等结构.

表语常由名词、 形容词、 副词、 介词短语、不定式、动词的 -ing 、从句来充当，它常位于系动词( be, become, appear,

seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell 等词)之后。

连系动词： be 动词、表示持续的系动词(keep, remain, stay )、感官动词 feel(摸起来， 感觉) , smell( 闻起来) , sound(听起来) , taste(尝

起来， 吃起来) 等、表示变化的系动词 (become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, )、表终止的系动词 prove, turn out(结果是， 证明是)、seem,

appear (看起来 ··· )

连系动词通常不用于被动语态和进行时态中。

He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. 他已经成为了他 10 年前想成为的。

His suggestion is that we should stay calm. 他的建议是，我们应该保持镇静。

如果句子的表语也是由一个句子充当的,那末这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句。构成：关联词+简单句

一 定义：

A 表语从句就是用一个句(在复合句中)作为,充当表语,说明主语是什么或者怎么样，总之表语是对主语的解释和说明，是主语具

体化，并且常与连系动词一起使用。由名词、形容词或者相当于名词或者形容词的词或者短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。，它位 于主句中的连系动词之后。

This book looks expensive. (形容词做表语) We are Chinese. (名词做表语) The problem is puzzling. 主语 连系动词 形容词作

表语 The problem is when we can get a pay rise. 主语 连系动词 一个句子作表语---表语从句

B 引导表语从句的词有从属连词 that 、whether、as though(if)；

关系代词 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；

关系副词 when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。

可以接表语从句的连系动词由 be, look, remain, seem 等。

He has become a teacher. He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. She has remained there for an hour.

She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour. His suggestion is good. His suggestion is that we should stay calm.

The question is confusing. The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

why he cried yesterday. how I can persuade her to join us in the party.

二 A 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。 who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.

whether the enemy is marching towards us.

False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel. Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

B 不可以用 if，而用 whether 连接表语从句(asif 例外)。

引导宾语从句时可以互换 if/whether 位于介词后要用 whether 位于句首时要用 whether

引导表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用 whether

False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us. Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.

Right: It looked as if he had understood this question

C 不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。

Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow. Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.

D that 在表语从句中不可以省掉。

三．表语从句的引导词 引导表语从句的词有连词 that， whether，连接代词和连接副词，关系代词型 what，以及 as if， as though ， because 等连词。

A. 由从属连词 that，whether 引导的表语从句。 that 在引导表语从句时无词义，在口语中，偶尔可以省略。而whether 有词义，意

为、 “ 是否”。这时主句的主语往往是些抽象名词，如 question ，trouble，problem，result，chance，suggestion ，idea ，reason 等。

表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。

1.由 that 引导,that 在引导表语从句时无含义，不作成份，通常不省。 在句中只起连接作用，

1)表示事实、真理等的实际内容。 The fact is that he is lying． The odds are that he will not do it ．

2)表示某人的意见、信念等的实际内容。 Our belief is that things will improve ．The trouble is that we are short ofmoney．

Eg:The fact is that he doesn’t really try ． The trouble is that I have lost his address ． My suggestion is that we should tell him ．

His sole requirement was (is) that the system work ． My idea is that we should start making preparations right now．

2 ． 由 whether 引导(不可用 if)， 引导表语从句表示“ 是否”,但不充当句子的成份。

His first question was whether Holmes had arrived yet．The question is whether people will buy it ．The question is whether the film is

worth seeing． 【注意】 whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的 if 却通常不用于引导表语从句。

B. 由关系代词引导的表语从句。

关系代词 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，

关系代词不能省略。

Tom is no longer what he used to be. (what 做表语) The problem is who is fit for this job. (who 做主语)

This is what I want to tell you. (what 做宾语) The problem is whose work is the best. (whose 做定语)

This is what I want ．The question is who can be chosen to be manager ofthe company ．My question is which of them is better ．

You are not who I thought you were ． The problem is who we can get to replace her． The question is who (m) we should trust．

What I want to know is which road we should take．

C. 由关系副词引导的表语从句。

由连接副词 when， where， why， how 引导

The problem seemed how we could make him understand it ．The question is where we should go ．

The problem is how we can find him ． That was when I was fi fteen ． That’s where I rst met her ． That’s why he didn’t come．

That’s why I object to the plan ． That’s where you are wrong．

连接副词在表语从句中做状语。

The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 The question is where we can live. 问题是我们能住在哪儿。

注意

一.reason 做主语或者主语中包含事件的起因时,后面的表语从句表示原因时要用 that 来引导,而不用 because；why 引导主语从句做 主语时，表语从句用 that 引导，不用 because。

The reason is that he got up late. Why he is late is that he got up late.

二.that is why/because

(1) That is why ... 是常用句型,其中 why 引导的从句在句中作表语,该句型通常用于针对前面已经说过的原因进行总结。 That is the