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abdominohysterectomy剖腹子宫切除术,腹式子宫切除术abortion流产，小产~, artificial/induced人工流产～，habitual习惯性流产~, threatened先兆流产abrasion摖伤，磨损abscess脓肿aciduria酸尿acne痤疮，粉刺adenomyoma腺肌瘤,子宫内膜瘤agalacia乳泌缺乏，无乳AIDS （Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)爱滋病／艾滋病albuminuria蛋白尿alopecia （baldness）脱发,秃amenorrhoea经闭,无月经amnesia记忆缺失，遗忘（症）amyotrophy肌萎缩androgen雄激素（类）anaemia贫血aneurysm动脉瘤angiitis (vasculitis)脉管炎（血管炎）angiofibroma血管纤维瘤angiosarcoma血管肉瘤anorexia食欲缺乏，厌食（症）anoxemia缺氧血（症）,血缺氧anxiety焦虑aortitis主动脉炎aphasia失语（症）apoplexy中风，卒中appendicitis阑尾炎arrhythmia心律失常,心律不齐arteriosclerosis动脉硬化arteritis动脉炎arthralgia关节痛arthritis关节炎ascaris蛔虫ascariasis蛔虫病ascites （hydroperitoneum）腹水aspermia无精,精液缺乏asthenia无力,虚弱，衰弱asthma气喘athlete's foot （tinea pedis)脚气atrophy萎缩autism (Kanner's syndrome, infantile autism)孤独癖(康纳氏综合症，幼儿孤独癖）azoospermia精子缺乏，精子活动力缺乏TopBbacteria(单bacterium）细菌；(无芽胞）杆菌balanitis龟头炎balanoposthitis龟头包皮炎belching嗳气beriberi脚气（病）blepharitis睑炎（尤指睑缘炎）blepharoptosis睑下垂blister水疱，发疱药borborygmus肠鸣bradycardia心动徐缓,心搏徐缓bronchitis支气管炎bronchospasm支气管痉挛bruise/contusion挫伤bruxism夜间磨牙，磨牙症bursitis粘液囊炎，滑囊炎TopCcaffeine咖啡因，咖啡碱calamine炉甘石,异极石calcemia钙血症calcification钙化,沉钙（作用)calcium钙～carbonate碳酸钙～chloride氯化钙～glutamate谷氨酸钙～hydroxide氢氧化钙～lactophosphate乳磷酸钙~ oxalate草酸钙~ phosphate磷酸钙callus骨痂，胼胝cancer癌~, encephaloid髓样癌~, cervical宫颈癌～, epithelial上皮癌，上皮瘤～，prostate前列腺癌～，uterine子宫癌candidiasis念珠菌病canthitis眦炎capillary毛细管，毛样的carbohydrate碳水化合物，糖类carbon碳～dioxide二氧化碳～monoxide一氧化碳carbuncle痈carcinogen致癌物（质）carcinoma癌~, glandular腺癌~, nasopharyngeal鼻咽癌cardialgia胃灼痛，心痛carditis心（脏）炎～, rheumatic风湿性心(脏）炎cataract白内障catarrh卡他,粘膜炎catatonia紧张症，木僵causalgia灼痛cellulites蜂窝织炎chancre下疳,初疮cheilitis唇炎~，commissural口角炎cheilosis唇干裂，唇损害~, angular口角干裂chemotherapy化学疗法，化学治疗,化疗chickenpox水痘chilblain冻疮chlamydia衣原体chloasma （melasma) 褐黄斑(黑斑病）chloroma绿色瘤chlorosis萎黄病，绿色贫血,萎黄病贫血cholangitis胆管炎cholecystitis胆囊炎choledochitis胆总管炎cholelithiasis胆石病cholera霍乱cholesteatoma胆脂瘤，珠光瘤chondritis软骨炎chondroma软骨瘤chondropathy软骨病chondrosarcoma软骨肉瘤chorditis声带炎chorea舞蹈病chyluria乳糜尿cirrhosis硬变，肝硬变climateric绝经期,更年期clubbing杵状变(指、趾）coccygodynia/coccydynia/coccyalgia尾骨痛colectomy结肠切除术colic绞痛cold （common cold)感冒colitis结肠炎collagen胶原colpocele (vaginocele)/colpoptosis阴道疝，阴道脱垂colposcopy阴道镜检查，阴道窥器检查coma昏迷~，diabetic糖尿病性昏迷～，hepatic肝性昏迷condyloma湿疣congestion充血conjunctivitis （pink eye)结膜炎constipation便秘constitution体质constriction狭窄，缩窄consultation会诊consumption消耗，消费；疲劳,结核contagious(接)触（传）染的contamination污染continence节制；节欲contraception节育，避孕contraceptive避孕药；避孕用具contraction收缩contraindication禁忌证contusion挫伤convalescence恢复（期)，康复（期）convulsion惊厥corditis精索炎coronaritis冠状动脉炎coryza （cold in the head)鼻卡他costalgia肋痛coxalgia髋痛；髋关节结核coxitis髋关节炎creatinuria肌酸尿CT （Computerized Tomography (CT Scan）计算机化断层X线摄影cyanosis发绀，青紫cyst囊肿，（包)囊cystalgia膀胱痛cystitis膀胱炎cystoma囊瘤cystoscopy膀胱镜检查cystospasm膀胱痉挛TopDdacryoadenitis泪腺炎dacryocystitis泪囊炎debility虚弱decay腐蚀，腐烂defecation排粪deferentitis输精管炎deformity变形,畸形degeneration变性；退化dehydration脱水（作用），失水delactation断奶delirium谵妄,妄想delusion妄想dementia痴呆dengue (breakbone fever, dengue fever)登革热（断骨热,骨痛热症）dentoalveolitis牙槽炎,牙槽脓溢depression忧郁（症）;阻抑;凹，窝dermatitis皮炎~, contact接触性皮炎~, eczematous湿疹性皮炎~，exfoliative剥脱性皮炎～，irritant刺激性皮炎~，x-ray X线皮炎dermatologist皮肤病学家,皮肤科医师dermatology皮肤病学dermatomyositis皮肌炎dermatosis皮肤病dermatostomatitis皮肤口炎，多形渗出性红斑detachment脱离,分离deterioration恶化detoxication解毒（作用）diabetes糖尿病diagnosis诊断~, clinical临床诊断～, differential鉴别诊断~, laboratory实验（室）诊断~, pathological病理诊断~，physical物理诊断dialysis透析，渗析diaphoresis出汗，发汗diaphoretic发汗药diarrhoea腹泻diet饮食，食物dietetics饮食学dietitian营养师,饮食学家dietotherapy饮食疗法diphtheria白喉diplegia两侧瘫,双瘫disease（疾）病~, acquired后天病～, acute急性病～，Addison’s阿狄森氏病（肾上腺皮质机能减退)~, auto-immune自体免疫病~，Banti’s班替氏病(脾性贫血）～, Basedow’s/Graves’巴塞多氏病（突眼性甲状腺肿)~，Buerger’s伯格氏病(血栓闭塞性脉管炎)～, chronic慢性病～，congenital先天病~, coronary heart冠心病～, deficiency营养缺乏病～，epidemic流行病~，foot and mouth口蹄疫～, functional机能性疾病，官能性疾病~，hookworm钩虫病~，infectious传染病～，Meniere’s梅尼埃尔氏病（耳性眩晕病）~, occupational职业病~，pandemic大流行病～，perenchymal器质性疾病~，Parkinson's帕金森(震颤麻痹）～, Raynaud's雷诺氏病（两侧间歇性小痉挛症)～，venereal性病~，Weil’s魏尔氏病（钩端螺旋体性黄疸）dislocation脱位disorder障碍，失调，紊乱，疾病dispersion分散(作用）,弥散（作用)；分散体displacement移位；置换；替代dissemination散布，播散distension膨胀diverticulitis憩室炎diverticulosis（肠)憩室病dizziness头晕，头昏dorsalgia背痛dosage剂量dose量，（一次）剂量，一剂~，full足量～，initial首次量～，lethal致死量～, over过量～，toxic中毒量Down’s syndrome先天愚型综合症dressing敷料;敷裹dropsy积水，水肿duodenitis十二指肠炎dysentery痢疾dysesthesia感觉迟钝dysfunction机能障碍,机能不良dysmenorrhoea痛经dysmnesia记忆障碍dysostosis骨发育障碍，骨发育不全dyspepsia消化不良dysphagia咽下困难dysphasia言语困难dysphonia发音困难dysphoria烦躁不安，焦虑dysplasia发育异常，发育不良dyspnoea呼吸困难dystocia难产dystonia张力障碍dystrophy （dystrophia)营养不良～, muscular肌营养不良dysuria排尿困难TopEecchymosis瘀斑ECG （Electrocardiogram)心电图ecmnesia近事遗忘ectopia异位eczema湿疹electrocardiograph心电描记术electroencephalogram (EEG）脑电图electroencephalograph脑电描记术elephantiasis象皮病embolism栓塞embolus栓子emergency急症emesis呕吐emetic催吐的;催吐药emission遗精~, night/nocturnal遗精，梦遗emphysema气肿～, pulmonary肺气肿encephaledema脑水肿encephalemia脑充血encephalitis脑炎，大脑炎enchondroma内生软骨瘤endarteritis动脉内膜炎endocarditis心内膜炎endocervicitis子宫颈内膜炎endocrinasthenia内分泌（机能）衰弱，内分泌衰竭endogastritis胃粘膜炎endometriosis子宫内膜异位endometritis子宫内膜炎endophlebitis静脉内膜炎endoscopy内窥镜检查endothelioma内皮瘤enema灌肠法；灌肠剂engorgement充血；肿胀enostosis内生骨疣enterectomy肠切除术enteritis肠炎enterobiasis/oxyuriasis蛲虫病enterocele肠疝；阴道后疝enterocolitis小肠结肠炎enterolith肠石enterospasm肠痉挛enterostenosis肠狭窄enterostomy肠造口术enterotomy肠切开术enuresis （bed wetting)遗尿epidemic流行病;（流行病）流行；流行性的epididymis附睾epididymitis附睾炎epididymo—orchitis睾丸附睾炎epilepsy癫痫（俗名羊痫风，羊癫风) epimenorrhoea月经过频epistaxis鼻出血（鼻衄)epithelioma上皮瘤，上皮癌epitheliosis上皮增殖erosion侵蚀，腐蚀；糜烂eructation嗳气eruption疹，发疹；长出，萌出erysipelas丹毒erythema红斑erythrasma红癣erythrocyanosis绀红皮病erythrocyte红细胞(旧名红血球) erythrocythemia红细胞增多（症）erythrocytopenia红细胞减少erythrocytosis红细胞增多erythroderma红皮病erythroleukemia红白血病erythromelalgia红斑性肢痛病esophagitis/oesophagitis食管炎esophagoscope/oesophagoscope食管镜esophagoscopy/oesophagoscopy食管镜检查esophagus/oesophagus食管estrogen/oestrogen雌激素eunuchism阉病，无睾症,去睾症exfoliation表皮脱落expectorant祛痰药expectoration痰；咳出exudation渗出TopFfatigue疲劳favus黄癣，毛囊癣febrile热性的，发热的felon指头脓炎fertility生育力fever发热，热~, dengue登革热～, hay枯草热，花草气喘，花粉病～, hectic潮热，痨病热，消耗热～，intermittent间歇热~, relapsing回归热~，rheumatic风湿(性）热，急性关节风湿病~, scarlet猩红热～，septic脓毒性热～, surgical外科手术热～, typhoid伤寒~, typhus斑疹伤寒~, vaccinal接种热～，yellow黄热病fibrillation纤维性颤动（简明纤颤）fibroadenoma纤维腺瘤fibroadenosis纤维囊性乳腺病fibroid纤维样的；纤维瘤；子宫纤维肌瘤fibrolipoma纤维脂（肪）瘤fibroma纤维瘤fibromyoma纤维肌瘤fibroneuroma纤维神经瘤fibrosarcoma纤维肉瘤fibrositis纤维织炎,肌风湿病filaria丝虫（旧名血丝虫）filariasis丝虫病fissure裂，裂隙，裂纹fistula痿，痿管flatfoot平足flatulence（肠胃）气胀flatus肠（胃)气flu （influenza)流行性感冒fluctuation波动fluid液体；液；流质～，amniotic羊(膜）水~, ascitic腹水~, body体液～, seminal精液～，synovial滑液~, tissue组织液flushing发红;面红;冲洗follicle滤泡，小囊；卵泡folliculitis毛囊炎food poisoning食物中毒fracture骨折；折断～, compound/open开放骨折，哆开骨折～，simple单纯骨折frostbite冻疮fungus（复fungi）真菌，霉菌funiculitis精索炎furuncle疖furunculosis疖病TopGgalactostasis乳液积滞;泌乳停止gallstone胆石ganglion神经节；腱鞘囊肿ganglioneuroma神经节瘤ganglionitis神经节炎gangrene坏疽gastralgia胃痛gastrectasia胃扩张gastrectomy胃切除术gastritis 胃炎gastroenteritis胃肠炎gastroneurosis胃神经机能病gastroptosis胃下垂gastroscope胃（窥）镜gastroscopy胃镜检查gastrospasm胃痉挛gastrostomy胃造口术genetic生殖的；遗传的genetics遗传学geriatrics老年病学gestation妊娠gingiva龈gingivitis龈炎glaucoma青光眼(旧名绿内障）glioma神经胶质瘤gliosis神经胶质瘤病,神经胶质增生glomangioma血管球瘤glomerulitis肾小球炎glomerulonephritis肾小球性肾炎glomerulosclerosis肾小球硬化症glossitis舌炎glycemia糖血症glycogenosis（肝）糖原过多（症) glycopenia低血糖，血糖过少glycosuria糖尿goiter甲状腺肿gonorrhoea淋病gout痛风granulocytopenia粒细胞减少granulocytosis粒细胞增多granuloma肉芽肿,肉芽瘤granulomatosis肉芽肿病groin腹股沟gullet食管gum（牙)龈gynaecologist妇科学家，妇科医师gynaecology妇科学TopHhalitosis口臭hallucination幻觉hallucinosis幻觉症hamartoma错构瘤harelip唇裂，免唇heartburn胃灼热,烧心haemangioma血管瘤haemarthrosis关节积血haematemesis呕血haematinic补血药haematocele血囊肿，积血haematocyst血囊肿haematoma血肿haematuria血尿haemianesthesia偏身麻木haemicrania偏头痛haemiplegia偏瘫haemoglobinuria血红蛋白尿haemophilia学友病haemoptysis咯血haemorrhage出血haemorrhoid痔haemorrhoidectomy痔切除术hepatectomy肝切除术hepatitis肝炎hepatoma肝细胞瘤hepatotomy肝切开术hernia疝，突出~，hiatal食管裂孔疝~, inguinal腹股沟疝~，umbilical脐疝herpes疱疹~ zoster (shingles)带状疱疹hiatus裂孔hiccup呃逆histamine组（织）胺histology组织学hives荨麻疹hoarseness声嘶hormone激素～, adrenocorticotropic（缩ACTH)促肾上腺皮质激素～，luteinizing （LH)黄体化激素~，thyrotropic促甲状腺激素hyradenitis汗腺炎hydrarthrosis关节积水hydremia稀血症hyrocele水囊肿；阴囊水囊肿hydronephrosis肾盂积水hydrophobia狂犬病（恐水病）hydrophthalmos水眼，眼积水hydrops积水，水肿hygienist卫生学家hygroma水囊瘤hypasthenia轻度衰弱hyperacidity酸过多，胃酸过多hyperadrenalism肾上腺机能亢进hyperadrenocorticism肾上腺皮质机能亢进hyperalgesia痛觉过敏hyperbilirubinemia血胆红素过多，高胆红素血（症）hypercapnia（血内）碳酸过多，高碳酸血（症）hypercholesterolemia血胆甾醇过多，血胆固醇过多hyperemia充血hyperesthesia感觉过敏hyperglycemia血糖过多（症），高血糖hyperhidrosis多汗（症）hyperkalemia血钾过多,高钾血(症)hyperlipemia血脂过多，高脂血（症)hypermenorrhoea月经过多hypernatremia血钠过多，高钠血（症）hypernephroma肾上腺样瘤hyperopia远视hyperparathyroidism甲状旁腺机能亢进hyperproteinemia血蛋白过多hyperpyrexia高热hypersensitivity过敏（性)hypersplenism脾机能亢进hypertension高血压;张力过强，压力过高hyperthyroidism甲状腺机能亢进hypertrophy肥大hyperuricemia血内尿酸过多，高尿酸血（症) hypocalcemia 血钙过少，低钙血(症）hypoesthesia感觉减退hypoglycemia血糖过少，低血糖hypohidrosis少汗(症）hypokalemia血钾过少,低钾血（症) hypolipoproteinemia血脂蛋白过少，低脂蛋白血（症）hypomenorrhoea月经过少hyponatremia血钠过少,低钠血（症）hypoparathyroidism甲状旁腺机能减退hypopituitarism垂体机能减退hypoproteinemia血蛋白过少,低蛋白血（症) hypotension低血压；张力减退hypothermia低温，降温hypothyroidism甲状腺机能减退hypoxemia血氧过少，低氧血症hypoxia氧过少，氧不足,低氧症hysteralgia子宫痛hysterectomy子宫切除术hysteria癔病,歇斯底里hysteromyoma子宫肌瘤hysteroptosis子宫下垂hysteroscopy子宫镜检查hysterotomy子宫切开术TopIichthyosis（鱼）鳞癣ileitis回肠炎ileum回肠ileus肠梗阻ilium骼骨illusion错觉immunity免疫(性)immunization免疫法,免疫（作用）immunology免疫学impetigo脓疱病impotence （erectile dysfunction)阳痿incision切口;切开incontinence失禁,无节制～of urine尿失禁infarction梗塞形成，梗死形成；梗塞，梗死infection传染,感染infertility不生育,不育症inflammation炎症influenza流行性感冒（简名流感)ingestion咽下，摄食insomnia失眠iridocyclitis虹膜睫状体炎iris虹膜irrigation冲洗（法）irritability应激性，兴奋性Irritable Bowel Syndrome （IBS)应激性肠综合症irritant刺激剂，刺激物；刺激的irritation刺激，兴奋ischemia局部缺血ischidrosis汗闭isosthenuria等渗尿，等张尿itch痒，痒病；疥疮TopJjaundice黄疸～，haemolytic溶血性黄疸~，haemorrhagic出血性黄疸～，infectious传染性黄疸～，obstructive阻塞性黄疸jejunectomy空肠切除术jejunum空肠joint关节~, ankle踝关节~，elbow肘关节~，hip髋关节~，knee膝关节～，mandibular下颌关节joints关节～，metacarpohalangeal掌指关节～, metatarsophalangeal跖趾关节~，phalangeal指（趾）关节～, sacro—iliac骶骼关节～, shoulder肩关节～, wrist腕关节juice汁，液～, duodenal十二指肠液~, gastric胃液~，intestinal肠液~，pancreatic胰液TopKkeloid瘢痕瘤，瘢痕疙瘩keloidectomy瘢痕瘤切除术keratectomy角膜切除术keratitis角膜炎keratodermia皮肤角化病keratoplasty角膜成形术，角膜移植术keratoscope角膜镜keratoscopy角膜镜检查，角膜散光盘检查keratosis角化病ketonemia铜血（症)ketonuria铜尿（症）ketosis铜病kidney肾knee膝knee—cap髌骨knock—knee膝外翻TopLlabyrinthitis迷路炎(内耳炎）lactation哺乳,授乳；泌乳laparoscopy腹腔镜检查laparotomy剖腹术laryngitis喉炎laryngopharyngitis咽喉炎laryngospasm喉痉挛laxative轻泻的；轻泻药leiomyoma平滑肌瘤leioyosarcoma平滑肌肉瘤lentigo雀斑；着色斑;小痣lesion损害lethargy昏睡,嗜眠leukemia白血病leukocytosis白细胞增多leukoderma白斑病leukopenia白细胞减少leukorrhagia白带过多leukorrhoea白带lienitis脾炎lientery消化不良性腹泻ligation结扎，（结）扎法lipemia脂血lipoma脂(肪）瘤lipomatosis脂肪过多症;脂瘤病lipoprotein脂蛋白lipuria脂肪尿lithemia尿酸(盐)血症lithiasis结石（病)lithuria尿酸(盐)尿littritis尿道腺炎lochia恶露lochiorrhoea恶露过多lockjaw牙关紧闭；破伤风loss损失～，blood失血，出血~ of appetite厌食，食欲不振～of hearing听力丧失～of voice失音~ of weight体重减轻lumbago腰痛lump块，肿块luteoma黄体瘤lymphadenoma淋巴（组织）瘤lymphadenosis淋巴（组）织增生lymphangioma淋巴管瘤lymphangitis淋巴管炎lymphedema淋巴水肿lymphocyte淋巴细胞,淋巴球lymphocytopenia淋巴细胞减少lymphocytosis淋巴细胞增多lympho-epithelioma淋巴上皮瘤／癌lymphogranuloma淋巴肉芽肿lymphoma淋巴（组织)瘤lymphorrhoea淋巴溢lymphosarcoma淋巴肉瘤TopMmalabsorption（养料）吸收障碍malacia软化maladjustment适应不良malaise不适，欠爽malaria疟(疾)malformation畸形,变形malnutrition营养不良mamillitis乳头炎mammography乳房X线照相术mania躁狂,狂massotherapy按摩疗法mastatrophy乳腺萎缩mastectomy乳房切除术mastitis乳腺炎，乳房炎mastodynia乳房痛mastoidectomy乳突切除术mastoiditis乳突炎megalomania夸大狂，自大狂melanchoria忧郁症~，climacteric 更年期忧郁症melanin黑（色）素melanoma黑(素）瘤melanosarcoma黑肉瘤，黑素肉瘤melanosis黑变病，黑素沉着病melena黑粪melenemesis黑色呕吐menarche(月）经初期meningioma脑（脊）膜瘤meningism假性脑膜炎meningitis脑（脊）膜炎meningoencephalitis脑脑膜炎meningomyelitis脊髓脊膜炎menopause经绝期,绝经menorrhagia月经过多meralgia股痛mesothelioma间皮瘤metabolism（新陈）代谢metaphysitis（骨）骺端炎metastasis转移，迁徙metroptosis子宫下垂,子宫脱垂metrorrhagia子宫出血,血崩micturition排尿(俗名撒尿，小便）～, frequent排尿频繁,尿频migraine偏头痛miliaria粟疹，痱子,汗疹miscarriage晚期流产(尤指妊娠四至六个月内的流产）mobility可动性,移动性mold霉monoparesis单（肢）轻瘫monoplegia单瘫MRI （Magnetic Resonance Imaging）磁共振成象mucilage胶浆，胶水mucocele粘液囊肿mucositis粘膜炎mucoviscidosis（胰管）粘稠物阻塞,胰纤维性囊肿病mucus粘液multiple sclerosis (disseminated sclerosis）多发性硬化mumps流行性腮腺炎mutism哑症；缄默症myalgia肌痛myasthenia肌无力mycosis真菌病，霉菌病myelitis脊髓炎myelocele脊髓突出myeloma骨髓瘤，髓瘤myeloradiculitis脊髓神经根炎myelosarcoma脊髓肉瘤myelosis骨髓组织增生myocarditis心肌炎myocardosis心肌病myodystrophia肌营养不良myokymia肌纤维颤搐myoma肌瘤myometritis子宫肌（层)炎myometrium子宫肌层myopia近视myorrhexis肌断裂myositis肌炎myringitis鼓膜炎myxedema粘液（性）水肿TopNnasopharyngitis鼻咽炎nausea恶心nebula薄翳；角膜翳；喷雾剂necrosis坏死necrospermia精死症（患者精液中的精子死亡或不活动）neoplasm新生物，瘤nephrectomy肾切除术nephritis肾炎nephroblastoma肾胚细胞瘤nephrolith肾石nephroma肾瘤nephroptosis肾下垂nephropyelitis肾盂肾炎nephrosclerosis肾硬化，肾硬变（病)nephrosis肾变病,肾病neuralgia神经痛neurapraxia神经失用症，机能性麻痹neurasthenia神经衰弱neuritis神经炎neurodermatitis神经性皮炎neuro-epithelioma神经上皮瘤neurofibroma神经纤维瘤neurofibromatosis神经纤维瘤病neuroglioma神经胶质瘤neurologist神经病学家neurology神经病学neuroma神经瘤neuroretinitis视神经网膜炎neurosis神经机能病,神经官能症neurospasm神经性痉挛neutropenia中性白细胞减少(症)nightmare梦魇night-terrors梦惊night—walking梦行症，夜游症nocturia, nycturia夜尿（症）nourishment, nutriment，nutrition营养；营养品numbness麻木nutriology营养学nutritionist营养学家，营养(医)师nyctalopia夜盲（症）[昼视]TopOobesity肥胖obstetrician产科医师obstetrics产科学ochronosis褐黄病odontoprisis磨牙，咬牙ointment软膏(剂）oligocythemia红细胞减少(症）oligohydramnios羊水过少oligohydria汗（分泌）过少,少汗oligomenorrhoea月经过少oligopnea呼吸迟缓oligospermia精子减少;精液缺乏oliguria尿过少omalgia肩痛omarthritis肩关节炎oncology肿瘤学onychia甲床炎onychogryphosis甲弯曲oophoritis (ovaritis）卵巢炎oophorocystectomy卵巢囊肿切除术oophorosalpingectomy卵巢输卵管切除术opacity混浊，不透明；不透明区,浊斑ophthalmia眼炎ophthalmoplegia眼肌麻痹ophthalmoscope检眼镜,眼底镜ophthalmoscopy检眼镜检查（法）orchiectomy睾丸切除术orchiepididymitis睾丸附睾炎orchitis睾丸炎ostectomy骨切除术osteitis骨炎osteoarthritis骨关节炎osteochondritis骨软骨炎osteochondrodysplasia骨软骨发育不良osteochondroma骨软骨瘤osteodystrophy骨营养不良osteofibroma骨纤维瘤osteoma骨瘤osteomalacia骨软化osteomyelitis骨髓炎osteonecrosis骨坏死osteoperiostitis骨骨膜炎osteoporosis骨质疏松otalgia耳痛otitis耳炎otolith耳石，耳沙otomycosis耳真菌病otosclerosis耳硬化症ovariosalpingitis卵巢输卵管炎osteoporosis骨质疏松otalgia耳痛otitis耳炎otolith耳石，耳沙otomycosis耳真菌病otosclerosis耳硬化症ovariosalpingitis卵巢输卵管炎ovulation排卵ovum （复ova）卵~，fertilized受精卵ozena臭鼻（症)ozostomia口臭(症）ovulation排卵ovum (复ova）卵~, fertilized受精卵ozena臭鼻（症）ozostomia口臭（症)TopPpachydermatocele神经瘤性象皮病pachymeningitis硬脑（脊）膜炎palliative减轻的，治标的，姑息的；姑息剂,治标剂palpation触诊,扪诊pancarditis全心炎pancreatectomy胰切除术pancreatitis胰（腺)炎pancytopenia各类血细胞减少panhysterectomy全子宫切除术panniculitis脂膜炎panophthalmitis全眼球炎panting喘气papilloma乳头状瘤，乳头瘤papilloretinitis乳头视网膜炎parainfluenza副流感，类流感paralysis麻痹，瘫痪parametritis子宫旁(组织)炎paranoia妄想狂，偏折狂paraparesis下身轻瘫，下肢轻瘫，轻截瘫paraphasia言语错乱，错语paraplegia截瘫，下身麻痹parasite寄生物，寄生虫，寄生胎parasitology寄生虫学，寄生物学paratyphoid副伤寒paresis麻痹性痴呆，轻瘫paresthesia感觉异常parotitis腮腺炎patellectomy髌（骨)切除术pathogen病原体pathologist病理学家pathology病理学pathophobia疾病恐怖pediatrician儿科医师pediatrics儿科学pellagra糙皮病pelotherapy泥疗pemphigus天疱疮percussion扣诊（法）perforation穿孔periarthritis关节周炎peribronchitis支气管周炎pericarditis心包炎perichondritis软骨膜炎perididymitis睾丸鞘膜炎periodontitis牙周炎periostitis骨膜炎periostoma骨膜瘤peristalsis蠕动peritoneoscope腹腔镜peritoneoscopy腹腔镜检查peritonitis腹膜炎peritonsillitis扁桃体周炎pertussis百日咳pestis鼠疫，瘟疫，黑死病petechia瘀点pharmaceutics药剂学；药物制剂pharmacist药（剂)师，调剂员pharmacologist药理学家pharmacology药理学pharyngitis咽炎phenylketonuria苯酮尿phlebectasis静脉扩张phlebectomy静脉切除术phlebitis静脉炎phlegmon蜂窝织炎photodermatitis光照性皮炎photophthalmia强光眼炎phrenospasm膈痉挛phrynoderma蟾皮病phthisis痨病；肺痨，肺结核physiatrics物理治疗，理疗；理疗学physiatrist/physiatrician理疗医师physiologist生理学家physiology生理学physiotherapy物理治疗，理疗physiotherapist物理治疗师pinealoma松果体瘤pinworm蛲虫placebo安慰剂，无效(对照)剂placenta胎盘plaque斑plague鼠疫pleuralgia胸膜痛pleurisy胸膜炎pleurodynia胸膜痛，肋肌痛（阵发性肋间肌痛）pneumatosis积气(病）pneumaturia气尿pneumoconiosis肺尘病pneumoempyema气脓胸pneumonectasis肺气肿pneumonia肺炎pneumonitis肺炎,局限性肺炎pock痘疱poisoning中毒～，can罐头食物中毒～，carbon monoxide一氧化碳中毒~, drug药物中毒~，food食物中毒～, gas毒气中毒；煤气中毒polioencephalitis脑灰质炎poliomyelitis （polio, infantile paralysis)脊髓灰质炎pollakiuria频尿pollinosis花粉病，枯草热polyarthritis多关节炎polycythemia红细胞增多polydipsia烦渴polygalactia泌乳过多polyhydramnios羊水过多polymenorrhoea月经频繁polymositis多肌炎polyneuritis多神经炎polyp息肉polyposis息肉病polyuria多尿症porphyria血卟啉症，血紫质症posology剂量学posthitis包皮炎postmortem死后的postpartum产后的potion饮剂pouch（盲)囊,窝，陷凹preeclampsia子痫前期（旧名先兆子痫) premature早熟的；早产儿premedication术前用药法Premenstrual Syndrome （PMS) 经前期综合症prenatal产前的，出生前的presbyacusia老年性聋presbyopia老视prescription处方,药方presenility早老preservative防腐剂，保存剂pressure压（力）～, blood （BP）血压～, cerebrospinal脑脊液压～，diastolic舒张压（心）~，intracranial颅内压～, intra-ocular眼(球）内压~，pulse脉（搏)压～, systolic收缩压（心)proctatriesia肛门闭锁proctectomy直肠切除术proctitis直肠炎proctoscope直肠镜progesterone孕酮，黄体酮progestin孕激素（类）prognosis预后prolapse脱垂，脱出~ of anus脱肛～of cord脐带脱垂～of rectum直肠脱垂~ of uterus子宫脱垂，子宫下垂proliferation增生，增值prominence/protuberance隆凸，凸prophylaxis预防proprietary专卖药,成药prospermia早泄，射精过早prostatectomy前列腺切除术prostatitis前列腺炎proteinuria蛋白尿(症）protrusion前突，突出psoriasis牛皮癣(银屑病）psychalgia精神性痛；精神痛苦psychasthenia精神衰弱psychataxia精神失调psychiatrist精神病学家，精神病科医师psychiatry精神病学psychology心理学psychosis精神病psychotherapy精神疗法ptosis下垂；上睑下垂puncture穿刺（术）；刺伤purgative泻药purpura紫癜purulent脓性的pus脓pyelitis肾盂炎pyelonephritis肾盂肾炎pyemia脓毒症，脓血症pylephlebitis门静脉炎pylorectomy幽门切除术pyloristenosis幽门狭窄pylorospasm幽门痉挛pylorotomy幽门肌切除术pyoderma脓皮病pyomyositis脓性肌炎pyorrhoea脓溢pyosepticemia脓毒败血病pyrexia发热pyuria脓尿TopQquadriplegia四肢麻痹quadruplets四（胞）胎quarantine（交通）检疫，留验；检疫期；检疫所TopRrachitis佝偻病;脊柱炎radiculitis(脊)神经根炎radiodermatitis放射性皮炎radiologist放射学家，放射科医师radiology放射学radiotherapy放射疗法，放射治疗ranula舌下囊肿reaction反应～, acid酸性反应~，agglutination凝集反应～, alkaline碱性反应~，allergic变态反应～，anaphylactic过敏反应～, local局部反应~，negative阴性反应~，neutral中性反应~, positive阳性反应recuperation复原,恢复recurrence/relapse复发，再发regeneration再生regression退化regurgitation回流，反流;反胃～, sour反酸rehabilitation康复remission缓解resection切除术restlessness不安定resuscitation复苏（术），回生retardation阻滞，迟缓retching干呕retention潴留,停滞；保留，保持retinitis视网膜炎retrogression退化;变性；恶化；分解代谢rheumatid风湿疹rheumatism风湿病rheumatoid风湿病样的，类风湿性的rhinitis鼻炎rhinorrhoea鼻(液）溢，流鼻涕rhinoscope鼻镜，鼻窥器rickets佝偻病rigor寒战ringworm癣rosacea酒渣鼻，红斑痤疮rubella风疹rubeola麻疹；风疹rupture破裂TopSsacralgia骶骨痛salmonellosis沙门氏菌病salpingitis输卵管炎；咽鼓管炎sarcoma肉瘤SARS （Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)严重急性呼吸系统综合症（非典型肺炎）scabies疥疮，疥螨病scald烫伤schizophrenia精神分裂症schwannoma神经鞘瘤sciatica坐骨神经痛scleroderma硬皮病sclerosis硬化scrofula淋巴结结核，瘰疬scrofuloderma皮肤结核,皮肤瘰疬scurvy坏血病seborrhoea皮脂溢secretion分泌sedative镇静药seizure发作；癫痫发作senility衰老，老年septicemia败血病sequela后遗症，后发病，遗患serositis浆膜炎serum血清shin—bone胫骨shingles (herpes zoster）带状疱疹shock休克shoulder肩shoulder—blade肩胛骨sialadenitis涎腺炎sialism/sialosis流涎,多涎sialodochitis涎管炎sialolithiasis涎石病sickness(疾）病～，aviation航空病,晕飞机～，car晕车（病）～, monthly月经,行经~，morning孕妇恶心，孕妇晨吐~，motion晕动（病）,运动病（晕车，晕船）~，mountain高山病sign征，体征sinusitis窦炎sneeze喷嚏somnambulism梦行（症）somnolence嗜眠sore—throat咽喉痛spasm痉挛～，bronchial支气管痉挛～, clonic阵发性痉挛，阵挛~，facial面肌痉挛～，hysterical歇斯底里性痉挛，癔病病性痉挛~，tonic紧张性痉挛,持续性痉挛sperm精子spermacrasia精子过少，精子缺乏spermatitis输精管炎；精索炎spermatorrhoea遗精，精溢splenectomy脾切除术splenitis脾炎spondylitis脊椎炎spondylosis（脊)椎关节强硬sprain扭伤，捩伤spur骨刺sputum痰~, bloody血痰~, frothy泡沫（性）痰~，purulent脓（性）痰~, rusty铁色痰squint斜视，斜眼stasis停滞，郁滞steatorrhoea脂肪痢stenosis狭窄～，aortic主动脉口狭窄，主动脉瓣狭窄~，mitral二尖瓣狭窄~，pulmonary肺动脉口狭窄,肺动脉瓣狭窄～, pyloric幽门狭窄~, tricuspid三尖瓣狭窄sterility不育，不孕；无菌stiffness强直，僵硬stimulant兴奋药stimulation兴奋，刺激（作用）stomach-ache胃痛,腹痛stomatitis口炎stool粪，粪便～，bloody血粪~，formed成形粪~, loose稀粪~，tarry柏油样～，undigested不消化粪stridor喘鸣stroke发作；击；中风；推摩法(按摩）～，heat中暑,热射病stupor木僵，昏呆stuttering (stammering）口吃，讷吃，衲吃suffocation窒息sunstroke日射病，中暑superinfection重复感染，重复传染suppository栓剂suppressant抑制药suppurant化脓的；催脓剂,生脓药suppuration化脓susceptibility易感性，感受性sweat汗～，night盗汗sycosis须疮syncope晕厥syndesmosis韧带联合syndrome综合症~, Adams—Stokes亚—斯二斯氏综合症（急性心原性脑缺血综合症）~，Banti's班替氏综合症(充血性脾大)~，Horner’s 霍纳氏综合症（颈交感神经麻痹）～, neurocutaneous皮神经综合症～，respiratory distress呼吸困难综合症synovioma滑膜瘤synovitis滑膜炎syphilis梅毒syringitis咽鼓管炎TopTtachycardiac心动过速，心搏过速tachypnea呼吸急促taeniasis绦虫病tarsadenitis睑板腺炎tendinitis/tendonitis/tenositis腱炎tenosynovitis腱鞘炎teratoma畸胎瘤tetanus破伤风；(肌)强直tetany手足搐搦；（肌）强直tetraplegia四肢麻痹thalassaemia （Cooley’s anaemia)地中海贫血（库利氏贫血）thoracoscope胸腔镜thoracoscopy胸腔镜检查threadworm线虫;蛲虫thromboangiitis血栓(性）血管炎thrombocytasthenia血小板机能不全thrombocythemia血小板增多症thrombocytopenia血小板减少（症）thrombocytosis血小板增多thrombophlebitis血栓（性）静脉炎thrombosis血栓形成~, cerebral脑血栓形成～，coronary冠状动脉血栓形成~，portal门静脉血栓形成~, pulmonary肺动脉血栓形成thrush鹅口疮，真菌性口炎thymitis胸腺炎thymoma胸腺瘤thyroidectomy甲状腺切除术thyroidism甲状腺（剂）中毒thyroiditis甲状腺炎thyropenia甲状腺机能不全thyrotoxicosis甲状腺毒症thyrotoxin甲状腺毒素thyroxine （代T4）甲状腺素tic抽搐（局部肌肉小抽搐）tincture酊；酊剂tinea癣tingling麻刺感tinnitus耳鸣tolerance耐量；耐受性，耐力tonsillectomy扁桃体切除术tonsillitis扁桃体炎topical局部的toxemia毒血症toxication/toxicosis中毒toxicity毒性，毒力toxicodermatitis中毒性皮炎tracheitis气管炎tracheobronchitis气管支气管炎tracheoscopy气管镜检查trachoma沙眼tractotomy（神经）束切除术tranquilizer安定的，镇定药transfusion输血(法）；输液（法)~, blood输血（法）transmission传播，传染；传递（遗传）；传导,传递(神经）transversectomy椎骨横突切除术trauma创伤,外伤tremor震颤trichinosis毛线虫病，旋毛虫病trichitis毛球炎（俗名发根炎）trichomonas（毛）滴虫trichomoniasis毛)滴虫病trichophytosis毛（发）癣菌病trichuriasis鞭虫病triglycerides甘油三酸脂trigonitis膀胱三角炎trypanosome锥虫trypanosomiasis锥虫病tuberculosis结核（病）～，intestinal肠结核~, laryngeal喉结核～，pulmonary肺结核～, renal肾结核tumour（肿）瘤；肿胀，肿块~, benign良性(肿）瘤～, Ewing’s尤因氏瘤（内皮细胞性骨髓瘤）～，malignant恶性(肿）瘤～，metastatic转移性瘤～，Pancoast’s潘科斯特氏瘤(肺沟瘤）~, Wilms’维耳姆斯氏瘤（胚胎性癌肉瘤）tympanitis鼓室炎，中耳炎typhoid伤寒TopUulcer溃疡～, carcinomatous癌性溃疡~，chronic慢性溃疡~，duodenal十二指肠溃疡～, gastric胃溃疡~, peptic消化性溃疡~, perforating穿通性溃疡～, varicose静脉曲张性溃疡ulceration溃疡形成uraemia尿毒症ureteritis输尿管炎uretorocele输尿管囊肿；输尿管疝ureterolithiasis输尿管石病ureterolithotomy输尿管石切除术ureterostenosis输尿管狭窄urethritis尿道炎urethroscope尿道(窥）镜urethroscopy尿道镜检查urethrostenosis尿道狭窄uricemia尿酸血症uridrosis尿汗症urobilin尿胆素urobilinogen尿胆素原urodynia排尿痛urolithiasis尿石病urologist泌尿科学家，泌尿科医师urology泌尿科学uroscopy尿检查,尿检法urticaria荨麻疹TopVvaccination接种；种痘vaccine菌苗,疫苗vaginismus阴道痉挛vaginitis阴道炎;鞘炎varicella水痘varicocele （varicole)精索静脉曲张varicocelectomy曲张精索静脉切除术varicose veins静脉曲张varicosis静脉曲张病varicotomy曲张静脉切除术vasectomy输精管切除术vasospasm血管痉挛vasovesiculitis输精管精囊炎venesection静脉切开术vertigo眩晕vesiculitis精囊炎viremia病毒血症virus病毒visceroptosis内脏下垂vitiligo白斑病,白癜风vomiting呕吐vulvitis外阴炎vulvovaginitis外阴阴道炎TopWwart疣，肉赘wasting消瘦；消耗water-borne水传播的weal/wheal风团,风疹块wheeze喘鸣whiplash injury头部冲击伤whooping cough百日咳wound创伤,伤口~，incised切伤，割伤~, lacerated裂伤wrist drop腕下垂wryneck (torticollis)斜颈TopXxanthelasma(睑)黄斑瘤xanthinuria黄嘌呤尿xanthoma黄瘤xanthomatosis黄瘤病，黄脂增生病xanthosis黄皮症，黄变症xeroderma干皮病，皮肤干燥病xerophthalmia眼干燥，干眼病xerosis干燥（病)xerostomia口腔干燥TopYyaws (pian, framboesia）雅司病yeast酵母（菌）yellow fever黄热病yellow spot黄斑TopZzinc锌～gelatin氧化锌明胶（小腿溃疡糊剂）~ oxide氧化锌～peroxide过氧化锌～sulfate硫酸锌zoopsia动物幻视zoster带状疱疹。
abacteria （无菌的）abzyme （抗体酶）accuracy （准确，精确度）adenine（腺嘌呤）adjustable dog（可调行程限制器）adrnal （肾上腺的）AIDS ( acquired immunodeficiency syndrome，获得性免疫缺陷综合症)albomycin (白霉素) algivore (食藻动物) ambosexual （两性的）amylase （淀粉酶）anaerobe （厌氧菌）antibiotic （抗菌素）Antibiotics （抗生素）antibody （抗体）antigen （抗原）adenosine triphos phate （腺苷三磷酸）aureomycin (金霉素)autism （孤独性）BASIC （BASIC语言）beginner （初学者，创始人）bicarbonate （重碳酸盐）bicolor （双色）Bioassay （生物分析）Biocatalysis （生物催化）Biocatalyst （生物催化剂）Biochemistry （生物化学）biologist (生物学家) biology （生物学）Biomass （生物量）Biomenbrane （生物膜）Biopolymer （生物高聚物）Bioprocessing （生物过程）Biorhythm （生理节奏）biotechnology （生物工艺学）bivalent （双价的）bleaching powder (漂白粉) blood bank (血库)blood heat （血液正常温度）blood type （血型）bracelet （手镯）brachiolaria （短腕幼虫）brachionectin （臂粘连蛋白）breather （发酵通气装置）calcification （钙化）capacity （容量，智能，能力）carbohydrate （碳水化合物）cardiotoxin （心脏毒素）cardiovascular center （心血管中枢）carn, my, mya, myo （肉，肌肉）carnivore (食肉动物)carrier （携带者）cellulase （纤维素酶）cellulose （纤维素）centipoise （百分之一泊，粘度单位)centrifuge (离心)centriole (中心粒) centrogene (着丝基因) centrosome (中心体) cephal, capit, cran (头，头颅)chemist (化学家) chemistry （化学）Chinese wood oil （桐油）chloride (氯化物) chlorophyll (叶绿素) chromatography （色谱法）chromophore （生色团）chromoplast（有色粒/体）chromosome （染色体）classification （分类分级）CoA （Coenzyme A，乙酰辅酶A）Codec （编码译码器）concord （一致，和谐）conductivity （传导性）constancy （坚定）cristae （嵴）curvature （弯曲）cyanide (氰化物) cyanobacteria (蓝细菌) cyanophyctin (藻清素)cyte （细胞）Cytoplasm （细胞质）cytosine（胞嘧啶）deactivation （灭活性）deacylase （脱酰基酶）deamination （脱氨作用）deaquation （脱水作用）decagram （十克）decigram （十分之一克）decimeter （分米）decimpose （分解）decomprese （减压）Degeneration （退行性变，变性）dentin （牙质）deoxyribose nucleic acid （脱氧核糖核酸）depth （深度）development （发育，显影）dichromatic （双色的）difference（不同）difficiency （不足）dikaryon （双核体）dioxide（二氧化物）diplobacillus （双杆菌）diplobacillus （双杆菌）diploid （二倍体）director （主任）disassociation （分离）disome （双染色体）distortion （扭曲变形）division （分割，分开）doctor （医生）donor （供体）downer （镇静剂）drug-fast （抗药的）dual （双重的）economist (经济学家) ectoblast (外胚层)effectiveness （有效）electrocardiogram （心电图）Electrophoresis (电泳) endocrine (内分泌) endocytosis (胞吞作用) endolysin (内溶素) epidermal growth factor(EGF) (表皮生长因子) equipment （器材）ergonomist （生物工程学者）erythrocyte (红细胞) erythromycin (红霉素) erythropoitin(EPO) (促红细胞生成素)eukaryote （真核细胞）euryhaline (广盐性) eurytopic species (广幅种) exon （外显子）experiment (实验) expression vector（表达载体）extract (抽取，浸出)Fab fragment （Fab片段）factor （因素）Fast red （固红）Fed batch cultivation （补料分批发酵）filibranch （丝鳃）fissure （裂隙，裂）flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD) (黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸)flavin(e) （黄素）flavone （黄酮）fluency （流利）foiling （叶形）foliage （叶子）foliose （多叶的）follicle （滤泡）foreign tissue （异体组织）fragment (片段)frequency （频率）fructose （果糖）functioning （使器官活动有功能）genetic marker （遗传标记）Genomic （基因组学）globulin （球蛋白）glucanase （葡聚糖酶）Glucose （葡萄糖）glucose （葡萄糖）Golden Rice （黄金大米）guanine（鸟嘌呤）haem, haemat, hem, aem, sangul （血）Haemocytometer （血球计）haploid （单倍体）hardness （坚硬）hectoliter （百升）hectometer （百米）hectowatt （百瓦）heparin （肝素）hepatocyte （肝细胞）hepatoma （肝癌）hepatopancreas （肝胰腺）heptane （庚烷）heptoglobin （七珠蛋白）heptose （庚糖）herbivore (食草动物) hexamer （六聚体）hexiology (生态学)hexose （已糖）histology (组织学) holocrine （全质分泌）holoenzyme （全酶）holoprotein （全蛋白）hospitalization (住院) hyperploid (超倍体) hypersensitive (过敏的) hypertension (高血压) hypophysis (脑下垂体) hypotension (低血压) imaging （成像）imbalance （不平衡）immature （不成熟的）immiscible （不可混合的）immobility （不活动）imperforation （无孔）impermeability （非渗透性）inaccurate （不精确的）inaction （无作用）inanimate （无生命的）increment （增长增殖）infancy （婴儿期）influence（影响）infrahuman (类人生物) infrared (红外线的) infrastructure (基础结构) inhibitor （抑制物）instrument (仪器) interference（干预）interferon（干扰素）internist (内科医生) interrelationship （相互关系）intra-allelic interaction (等位基因内相互作用) intracellular（细胞内的）invertase （转化酶）Isoamylase （异构淀粉酶）Isoenzyme （同工酶）isoinhibitor （同效抑制剂）Isomerase （异构酶）iso-osmotic (等渗的) isotope (同位素)jellyfish （水母）ketonization (酮化作用) kilobase （千碱基）kilodalton (KD) （千道尔顿）kiloelectron volt （千电子伏特）knock out （敲出）laboratory （实验室）lactase （乳糖酶）lactose （乳糖）lamellibrnch （瓣鳃）length （长度）leucine (亮氨酸)library （文库）Lipase （脂肪酶）LIX-64N （LIX-64N萃取剂）locking dog （制动爪）lutein (黄体素，叶黄素) macroelement （常量元素）macromolecular （大分子）macronutrient （大量元素）macrophage （巨噬细胞）maltose （麦芽糖）mapping（绘制…图）mathching （和…相配）measurement (测量) mechanism （机理机制）megabase （兆碱基）megaspore （大孢子）megavolt （兆伏）melanin （黑色素）mesoplast (中胚层质) messenger RNA （信使RNA）metabolomics （代谢物组学）microecology （微生态学）microfilament (微丝) microgram （微克）micronutrient （微量元素）microogranism （微生物）micropipet （微量移液器）microtubule (微管) milliliter （毫升）millimole （毫摩尔）monitor （监视器）monoatomic （单原子的）monoxide （一氧化物）morphology (形态学) multichain （多链的）multicistronic mRNA （多顺反子mRNA）multicopy （多拷贝）multinucleate （多核的）nanometer （纳米）nanosecond （十亿分之一秒）nephridia （肾管）nephron （肾单位）neurology (神经学) nomenclature （名称，术语）Nonabsorbent （非吸收性的）nonacid （非酸性的）nonapeptide （九肽）normalization (正常化)occasion （偶然原因，近因，时机）occurrence（出现）octane （辛烷）octase （辛糖）octpus （章鱼）odontoblast （成牙质细胞）odontphora （齿舌）oleic acid （油酸）olein （油酸甘油酯）oleophobic （疏油的）oleophyllic （亲油的）oligogene (寡基因) oligomer (寡聚体)omnivore (杂食动物) operator （手术者）ophthalmia （眼炎）ophthalmologist （眼科专家）ophthalmology （眼科学）Organelle (细胞器) organization (组织，机构) overaction （作用过度）overactive （活动过度的）overdistension （膨胀过度）overgrowth （生长过度）overlapping （重叠）overresponse （反应过度）oxidoreductase （氧化还原酶）padiatrist (儿科学家) pathology （病理学）penicillin （青霉素）pentane （戊烷）pentomer （五邻粒）pentose （戊糖）percentage （百分数）permeability （渗透性）phage (噬菌体)phagocyte (吞噬细胞) photosynthesis (光合作用) physician （医师，内科医师）Physiology （生理学）plasma membrane （细胞膜）plenty （丰富）plumage （鸟的羽毛）plumatus （羽状的）plumule （绒毛）polymerase （聚合酶）positioning （把…放在适当的位置）pressure （压力）projector （辐射源) Prokaryote （原核生物）property （性质）Proteimic （蛋白质组学）puncture （穿刺）quadrivalent （四价的）quintuple （五倍的）radiology （放射学）radiology (放射学)reader （读者）receiver （接收者）regulator element （调控元件）reintroduced （再引入）relationship （关系，联系）replacement (替代) restriction enzyme （限制性内切酶）ribonucleic acid （核糖核酸）ribose （核糖）rigidity （强直，僵硬）rupture （破裂）salt-former （卤素）saprophage (腐食者) segment (节段)semi-allele （半等位基因）Semiconservative replication （半）Semi-permeable （半渗透）semis （半制成品）sencondary branchium （次生鳃）Serum （血清）shortage （缺少）similarity （类似，相似）simplification （简化）softening （变软）Solid phase （固相）soma, corp （体，身体）some, plast （体，颗粒）specialist (专家) speciality （特征，专业）spike dog （道钉）stop dog （止动器）strong promoter （强启动子）structure （结构）subcellular (亚细胞) subcellular （亚细胞的）subclone (亚克隆) subcloning （亚克隆化）suborder (亚目) subsection (小节，分部) subunit （亚组）sufficiency （足够）superconductor (超导体) superfluid (超流体) superoxide (超氧化物) supramolecular (超分子的)sweet water（饮用水）Tacho-meter （转速表）technician （技术员）tendency （趋势）tenderness （触痛）test bed （试验台）tetracycline （四环素）tetrode （四极管）thickness （厚度）thymine（胸腺嘧啶）TomTato （番茄马铃薯）Transistor （晶体管）tricarboxylic acid cycle （三羧酸循环）triplet （code）（三联体密码）truth （真理）twin （孪生）typing（分型分类）ultra-structure (超微结构) ultroviolet (紫外线) unibasal （单底的）unicelluar （单细胞的）unicentral （单中心的）unidirectional （单向的）unipolar （单极的）unit （单位）unity （整体，统一性）usefulness （有用的）UV （Ultra-violet，紫外线）vesicle （囊泡,）vision （视力）voltage （电压）width （宽度）xanthophyl （叶黄素）xanthous （黄色的，黄色人种）xathine （黄嘌呤）zigzag-chain （Z形链）zoophage (食肉动物)β-galactosidase （β-半乳糖苷酶）Ω-ring （Ω环）11/ 11。
第一章病理学单词绪论pathology etiologypathogenesispathological change 第二章细胞和组织的适应与损伤adaptationatrophyhypertrophy compensatory hypertrophy endocrine hypertrophy hyperplasia compensatory hyperplasia hormonal hyperplasia metaplasiainjuryischemiahypoxiagenetic variation reversible injury degenerationcellular swelling hydropic degeneration fatty change/steatosis fatty infiltration hyalinizationhyaline degeneration arteriolosclerosis amyloid changemucoid degerenation pathological pigmentation hemosiderinlipofuscinmelaninbilirubinpathologic calcificationdystrophic calcificationmetastatic calcificationirreversiblenecrosispyknosiskaryorrhexiskaryolysiscoagulative necrosiscaseous necrosisliquefactive necrosisfibrinoid necrosisgangreneerosionulcersinusfistulacavityorganizationencapsulationapoptosiscellular agingtelomere第三章损伤的修复repair regeneration cell cycle labile cells stable cells permanent cells extracellular matrix，ECM collagenelastinmatricellular proteins hyaluronanchaloneembryonic stem cell adult stem celltrans-differentiation mesenchymal stem cell granulation tissue myofibroblastscarwound hesalinghealing by first intentionhealing by second intentionbone fracturewoven bone第四章局部血液循环障碍hyperemia congestionarterial hyperemia venous hyperemia cyanosiscongestive edema congestive hemorrhage chronic congestion congestive sclerosis heart failure cells brown duration nutmeg liverIto cellscongestive liver cirrhosis hemorrhage hematomapetechiaepurpuraecchymosesbilirubinthrombosisthrombusadhesionrelease reaction aggregationblood hypercoagulabilitypale thrombusmixed thrombusmural thrombusred thrombushyaline thrombusrecanalizationcalcificationphlebolitharteriolithembolismembolusthromboembolismpulmonary embolismsaddle embolismfat embolismgas embolismair embolismdecompression sicknessamniotic fluid embolisminfarctionanemic infarctwhite infarcthemorrhagic infarctred infarctedema第五章炎症inflammation alteration exudation proliferation exudate transudateacute inflammation chronic inflammation stasis transcytosisleukocytic margination selectinemigrationchemotaxisrecognition and attachment opsoninengulfment phagolysosomekilling and degradation defensins inflammatory mediator炎serous inflammationfibrinous inflammationsuppurative or purulent inflammationpusempyemaphlegmonous inflammationabscesshemorrhagic inflammationbacteremiatoxemiasepticemiapyemiachronic granulomations inflammation 第五章肿瘤tumor, neoplasmmass aggressivenessbenign tumor malignant tumor cancerneoplasianeoplastic proliferation polyclonalclonalneoplastic transformation autonomy tumorigenic agent promotercarcinogenpapillaryvillouspolypoidnodularlobularinfiltratingulcerativecysticparenchymastromadifferentiationdegree of differentiation undifferentiatedatypia architectural atypia cellular atypiaanaplasiaanaplastic tumor adenomacarcinomasarcoma carcinosarcomainvasionmetastasisexpansile growth exophytic growth invasive growthwell-circumscribed capsuleencapsulated compression angiogenesis progression heterogeneitymalignant transformation direct spreading metastatic tumor, metastasis secondary tumorprimary tumorlymphatic metastasis hematogenous metastasis implantation metastasis precancerous diseaseinherited cancer syndrome atypical hyperplasia dysplasiaoncogenepoint mutationgene amplification chromosomal translocation tumor suppressor gene tumor immunology tumor-specific antigen tumor-associated antigen oncofetal antigen immunosurveillance文- 汉语汉字编辑词条文，wen，从玄从爻。
医学专业英语的重点单词终结版Human BodyAnatomy(解剖学) 2.embryology(胚胎学) 3.histology(组织学) 4.hematology(血液学) 5.immunology(免疫学) 6.biology(生物学) 7.cytology(细胞学) 8.physiology(生理学) 9.endocrinology（内分泌学）10.psychology(心理学) 11.skeletal system(骨骼系统)muscular system (肌肉系统) 13.circulatory system (循环系统) 14.respiratory system(呼吸系统) 15.urinary system (泌尿系统) 16. endocrine system(内分泌系统) 17.reproductive system (生殖系统) 18.principle (重要的) 19.joint(关节) 20.cartilage(软骨) 21.bone morrow（骨髓）22.cube-shaped(立方的) 23.interior（内部的）24.external (外部的) 25.hinge joint(结合点) 26.pivot joint (区轴点) 27.socket (臼槽) 28.skull (颅骨) 29.elbow (肘部) 30.breast（胸部）31.hip joints (髂关节) 32.cushioning（缓冲）33.Striated muscles（条纹肌）34.smooth muscles（平滑肌）35.voluntary muscles(随意肌) 36.function (功能) 37.nourishmet（营养）nutrient（营养素）39.blood vessel（血管）40.cardiovascular system (心血管系统) 41.artery（动脉）42.capillary（毛细血管） 43.vein （静脉）44..lymphatic system（淋巴系统）45.lymph vessel (淋巴管) 46.lymph nodes(淋巴结) 47.spleen （脾）48.expel（排除）49.carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) 50.oxygen （氧气）rynx，throat（喉管）52.windpipe、trachea(气管) 53.esophagus(食管) 54.exhale（呼出）55.molecule（分子）56.saliva(唾液) 57.enzyme（酶）58.kidney（肾）59.urine（尿液）60.ureter（输尿管）61.urethra（尿道）uterus（子宫）62.bile(胆汁) 63.gallbladder (胆囊)64.sodium（钠）65.potassium(钾) 66.bladder（膀胱）67.pancreas（胰腺）68.hormone（激素）69..pituitary(脑垂体) 70.thyroid(甲状腺) 71.adrenal gland (肾上腺) 72..cortisone(可的松) 73.adrenaline(肾上腺素) 74.insulin（胰岛素）75.glucagon(胰高血糖素) 76.collar bone（锁骨）77.spinal column(脊柱) 78.spinal cord （脊髓） 79.sperm(精子) 80.ovum （卵子）81.testis，testes(睾丸) 82.ovary（卵巢）83.testosterone (睾酮) 84.progesterone（孕酮）85.estrogen（雌激素）86.tactile（触觉的）87.accessory (附属的) 88.pharynx(咽)The Digestive System1.gastrointestinal tract (胃肠道)2.ingestion(摄入)3.absorption（吸收）4.digestive(消化) 5elimination(排泄) 6.oral cavity buccal cavity （口腔）7.palate(腭) 8.chewing(mastication) （咀嚼）9.swallowing(deglutition) （吞咽）10.incisor（切牙）11.cuspid （尖牙） canine（犬牙）12.molas(磨牙) 13..cementum(牙骨质) 14..gums(牙龈) 15..gingivae(牙龈) 16.pulp (牙髓) 17.enamel(牙釉质) 18.periodontium(牙周组织) 19.deciduous dentiton(乳牙) 20.permanent dentition (恒牙) 21.lower jaw bone（下颌骨）22.papillae(乳头) 23.taste buds（味蕾）24.uvula（悬雍垂) 25..parotid gland(腮腺) 26.submandibular gland(下颌下腺)27sublingual gland (舌下腺) 28. epiglottis(会咽) 29.nasal cavity(鼻腔) 30..peristalsis(蠕动) fundus(胃底) 32.antrum（胃窦）33.cardiac sphincter(贲门括约肌) 34.pyloric sphincter(幽门括约肌) 35.Chyme(食糜) 36.duodenum(十二指肠) 37.jejunum(空肠）38.ileum（回肠）cecum(盲肠) 40.rectum（直肠）41.colon(结肠) 42.sigmoid colon (乙状结肠) 43ileocecal valve (回盲瓣) 44.ascending colon (升结肠) 45.transverse colon (横结肠) 46.descending colon (降结肠) 47.appendix(阑尾) 48..stool和feces（粪便）49.anus（肛门）50. Hydrochloric acid (盐酸) 51.abdomen(腹部) 52.cholesterol（胆固醇）53.bile pigments(胆色素) 54.bilirubin(胆红素) 55.blood proteins(血红蛋白) 56.erythrocyte（红细胞）57.glycogen(糖原)58.cilia、villi（绒毛）59.amylase(淀粉酶)60.lipase(脂肪酶) 61.hepatic duct(肝管) 62.cystic duct(胆囊管) mon bile duct（胆总管）64.detoxification（解毒）65.emulsification (乳化作用)bild acid (胆酸).SystemThe Disorders of the Digestive Systemgingivitis (牙龈炎) 2.peptic ulcer （消化性溃疡）3. Vomiting（呕吐）4.perforation(穿孔) 5.barium(钡) 6.hiatal(裂孔的)7.hermia(疝) endoscopy(内窥镜检查)9.hemorrhage(出血)10.histamine(组胺)chest cavity（胸腔）12.diaphragm（膈）13.gastritis（胃炎）hepatitis（肝炎）15.cirmosis(肝硬化)16.hepatomegaly(肝肿大)edema(浮肿)18.aundice(黄疸)19.architecture(组织)20.nodule(结节) 21.micronodular(小结节)22.macronodular(巨结节)23.lobular(小叶的) 24.cholelithiasis(胆结石)25.cholecystitis(胆囊炎)26.biliary colic（胆绞痛）27.nausea(恶心)28..cholecystectomy(胆囊切除术) paroscope(腹腔镜)30.pancreatitis(胰腺炎)31.paralytic ileus(麻痹性肠梗阻)32.autodigestion(自体消化)33.necrosis(坏死) 34.epigastric(腹上部的)35.appendicitis(阑尾炎)36.navel（脐）37.peritonitis(腹腔炎)38.ulcerative colitis(溃烂性结肠炎) 39.antibiotic(抗生素)40.fistula(瘘)41.diverticulum（憩室）42.diverticulitis(憩室炎)43.diverticulosis(憩室病)44.polyps（息肉）45.diarrhea(腹泻)46.occult blood(隐血)47.proctoscope(直肠镜) 48.sigmoidoscope(乙状结肠镜)49.colonoscope(结肠镜)50.ileostomy(回肠造口术)51.colostomy（结肠造口术）52.gastroduodenostomy(胃十二指肠吻合术) 53.coloproctostomy（结肠直肠吻合术）Respiratory Systempulmonary veins（肺静脉）2.irritant(刺激物) 3.f3.frontal s inus（额窦）4.ethmoidal s inus（刷窦）5.Sphenoid sinus（蝶窦）6.maxillary sinus 4.e（上颌窦）7.paranasal s inus(副鼻窦)8.nasal cavity（鼻腔）9.nostril(鼻孔)10.nasopharynx（鼻咽）11.oropharynx（口咽）12.hypopharynx（下咽）ryngopharynx（喉咽）14.adenoids（腺体肿大）15.hypopharyngeal（下咽癌）16.pharyngeal tonsils（咽扁桃体）17.palatine tonsils（腭扁桃体）18.tongue tonsil（舌扁桃体）19.vocal cords（声带）20.mucous membrane(分泌粘液的膜)21.fibrous connective tissue（纤维结缔组织）22.bronchi（支气管）23.Bronchiole（细支气管）24.alveoli，alveolus（肺泡）25.epithelium（上皮）26.parietal pleura（壁层胸膜）27.visceral pleura（脏层胸膜）28.28.horizontal fissure（水平裂）29.oblique32.Collarbone（锁骨）fissure（斜裂）30.apex（肺尖）31.hilum（肺门）32.33.diaphragm（横膈)mediastinum（纵隔）34.thoracic cavity （胸腔）35.abdominal cavity（腹腔）36.inhalation、inspiration（吸气）37.exhalation，expiration（呼气）38.brainstem(脑干)39.phrenic37nerve（膈神经）40.acid(酸)41.acidity（酸度）42.acidosis(酸中毒) 43.alkalinity（碱度）44.alkali(碱)45.alkalosis（碱中毒）46.hyperventilation（换气过度）47.hypoventilation（换气不足）48..macrophages（巨噬细胞）49.mucus（粘液）Respiratory Disorders and DiseasesPneumonia(肺炎) 2.Tuberculosis(结核) 3.Asthma (哮喘) 4. Allergic(过敏的) 5.Emphysema(肺气肿) 6.influenza(流行性感冒) 7.pneumonitis(肺炎) 8.lobar pneumonia(大叶性肺炎) 9.bronchopneumonia(支气管肺炎)10.Pleurisy(胸膜炎) 11.tubercle(结核结节) 12.hemoptysis(咯血)13.phlegm(痰) 14.exudates(渗出物) 15.solidification(固化)16.consolidation(实变) 17.dyspnea(呼吸困难)`18.cyanosis(紫绀)19.wheeze(喘息) 20.Steroids(类固醇) 21.allergen(过敏原) 22.polio(脊髓灰质炎,小儿麻痹症 ) 23.paralyz(瘫痪) 24.mature(成熟的)25.prematurely(过早地, 早熟地 ) 26.digitalis(洋地黄)27.diuretics(利尿剂)28.atrium(心房) 29. Acute pulmonary edema（急性肺水肿）30.Pneumothorax(气胸) 31.Pneumoconiosis(尘肺)32.Silicosis(矽肺) 33.anthracosilicosis(碳矽末沉着症) 34.Bronchitis(支气管炎) 35.Bronchiectasis（支气管扩张）36.Bronchospasm（支气管痉挛）37.Hypercapnia（高碳酸血症）38.simple chronic bronchitis(单纯性慢性支气管炎).39. Chronic obstructive bronchitis (慢性梗阻性支气管炎) 40.Asthma tic bronchitis(哮喘性支气管炎) 41.noxious（有害的，有毒的）Common disorders of the cardiovascularatherosclerosis(动脉粥样硬化) 2.lumen（内腔）3.ischema（局部缺血）coronary heart disease(冠心病) 5.angina pectoris（心绞痛）6.clot（血凝块）7.thrombosis(血栓形成) 8.thrombos(血栓) 9.myocardial infarction(心肌梗死) 10.arhythmia(心律不齐) 11.fibrillation(纤维性颤动) 12.embolism(栓塞) 13.embolus(栓子) 14.stroke（中风）15.subcutaneous(皮下的) 16.syncope(晕厥) 17.glomerulenephritis(肾小球肾炎) 18.pyelonephritis(肾盂肾炎) 19.rheumatic heart disease(风湿性心脏病) 20.valvular mumur(瓣膜杂音) 21.systolic pressure(收缩压) 22.diastolic pressure（舒张压）23.congestive heart failure （充血性心力衰竭）24.vegetation (赘生物)25.essential hypertension （原发性高血压）secondary hypertension （继发性高血压）27.endocarditis(心内膜炎）pericamdial tamponade(心包填塞) 29.pericarditis(心包炎) 30.hemorrhage （出血） 31.shock（休克） 32.plasma（血浆）33.dextran (右旋糖酐) 34.vomitus（呕吐物）35.spematic cord (精索) 36.ligement(韧带) 37.uterus（子宫）38.piles,hemorrhoid(痔疮) 39.varix,varices（静脉曲张）40.phlebitis（静脉炎）41.etiology(病因学) 42.dextran(右旋糖酐) Human diseasepathology (病理学) 2. pathogen（病原体）3.Fungi（真菌）复数为fungus bacteria（细菌）复数为bacterium 5.virus(病毒)复数为viruses 6.diagnose（诊断）7.Paralysis（瘫痪, 麻痹）8.symptom（症状）9.sign（体征）10.symptomatic（有症状的）11. Asymptomatic（无症状的）acute disease （急性病）13.chronic disease（慢性病）14.subacutedisease （亚急性病）15.fatal（致命的）16.rheumatic fever（风湿热) Subarachnoid（蛛网膜下的）18.epidemic disease（传染病）19.endemic disease（地方病）20.airborne droplets（空气传播的）21.Apnea（呼吸暂停）22.atonia（张力缺乏）23.degeneration（退化）24.Stomatitis（口腔炎）25.Prolapse（直肠、子宫等脱垂，脱出）26.malfunctions（功能失调）27.obesity（肥胖）28.malnutrition（营养不良的）29.hereditary（遗传）30.mental retardation（智力发育迟缓的）31.venereal diseases（花柳病）32.hepatitis（肝炎）33. Colitis（结肠炎）34.cholera（霍乱）35.typhoid fever（伤寒）36.boils（疥）37.pimples（小脓包) 38.pus（脓）39. abscess（脓肿）40.armpit（腋窝）41.blood poisoning/sepsis（败血症）42.phagocytes （吞噬细胞）43.antigens（抗原）44.antibodies（抗体）45.immunoglobulins（免疫球蛋白）46.opsonization（调理作用）plement（补体）48.negative feedback control（负反馈调节）Blood and immunityhemocyte(血细胞) 2.erythrocyte(红细胞) 3.leukocyte(白细胞) 4.platelets(血小板) 5.thrombocytes(血小板) 6.clotting cells(血小板) plasma(血浆) 8.fibrinogen(纤维蛋白原) 9.fibrin(纤维蛋白) 10.albumin (白蛋白) 11.globulin(球蛋白) 12.prothrombin(纤维蛋白原) 13.globin(珠蛋白) 14.hemoglobin（血红球蛋白）15.pigment（色素）16.heme（亚铁血红素）17.electrolyte(电解质) 18.clotting factors(凝血因子) 19.nucleus (核)复数为nuclei 20.erythropoietin(促红细胞生成素) 21.granulocytes(粒细胞) 22.eosinophil(嗜酸性粒细胞)23.basophil(嗜碱性粒细胞)24.neutrophil(嗜中性粒细胞) 25.agranulocytes(无颗粒细胞) monocyte(单核细胞) 27.lymphocyte(淋巴细胞) 28.polymorphonuclear(多形核白细胞) 29. detoxity(解毒作用) 30.heparin（肝素）31.phagocytic (吞噬细胞的) 32.macrophages(巨噬细胞) 33.phagocyte(吞噬细胞) 34.phagocytosis(吞噬作用) 35.megakaryocyte(巨核细胞) 36.hemostasis(止血)37.immunoglobulin(免疫球蛋白) 38.thymus gland(胸腺) 39.lymphoid organs(淋巴器官)debries(残片) 41. 2cytotoxic（细胞毒性）42.interferons(干扰素)interleukins(白细胞介素) 44.anema(贫血) 45.fatigue（乏力）heart palpitation(心悸) 47.pallor(面色苍白)48.irritation（烦躁不安）aplastic anema(再生障碍性贫血）50.pzncytopema(全细胞减少)hemolytic anema (溶血性贫血) 52.spherocytosis(球形红细胞增多症)juandice(黄疸) 54.pernicious(恶性贫血) 55.megaloblast(巨成红细胞)56.sickle cell anema (镰刀细胞型贫血) 57.arthralgias(关节痛)extremities(四肢) 59.ulceration(溃疡) 60.thalassemia(地中海贫血)thrombocytopenia(血小板减少症)62.petechiae(瘀点) 63.ecchymosis(瘀斑) 64.purpura(紫癜) 65.hemophilia(血友病) 66.intramuscular(肌肉下的) 67.autoimmune disease（自身免疫性疾病）hematurla(血尿) 69.hemarthrosis(关节内出血)70.leukemia(白血病) neoplasms(肿瘤) 72.acute myelogenous leukemia(急粒) 73.acute lymphocutic leukemia (急淋) 74. chronic myelogenous leukemia（慢粒）75.chronic lymphocutic leukemia（慢淋）76.multiple myeloma（骨髓瘤）77.palsma cells (浆细胞) 78.osteolyticlesions(溶骨性的) myeloblast(成髓细胞，原粒细胞) 80.lymphoblast(成淋巴细胞) hypercalcemia(高钙血症) 82.itching(痒) 83.rash（皮疹）84.sneezing(喷嚏) 85.urticaria（荨麻疹）86.asthma（哮喘）87.immunodeficiency(免疫缺陷) 88.dysgammaglobuinema(异常y球蛋白血症) 89.extrinsic(外缘的)90.intrinsic（内源性的）91.lymphadenopathy (淋巴结病)Endocrine Systemendocrine(内分泌) 2.dwarf（矮小症）3.hormone（激素）4.gland（腺体）glandular（腺体的）6.reproduction（生殖）7.metabolism（代谢）8.nutrien（营养素）9.target tissue（靶组织）10.receptor（受体）11.hormonal（激素的）steroid（类固醇）10.lipid（脂质）11.protein（蛋白）12.proteinlike compound(类似蛋白质的化合物) 13.gonad（性腺）14.cortex（皮质，皮层）15.adrenal gland（肾上腺）16.kidney（肾脏）17. renin（肾素）18.calcium（钙）19.phosphorus(磷)20.pituitary（脑垂体）21.thyroid（甲状腺）22.parathyroid（甲状旁腺）pancreas（胰）24.pineal（松果体）25. sphenoid（蝶骨）26.anterior lobe （前叶）27.adenohypophysis（腺垂体）28.posterior lobe（后叶）29. neurohypophysis（神经垂体）30.hypothalamus（下丘脑）31.mammary（乳房的）32.antidiuretic（抗利尿的）33. oxytocin（催产素）34.uterine（子宫的）35. isthmus（峡）36.thyroxine（T4）37.triiodothyronine（T3）38.calcitonin（降钙素）39.homeostasis（内稳态）40.medullar（髓的）41.corticosteroid（皮质类固醇）42.glucocorticoid（糖皮质激素）43.cortisol（可的松）44.mineralocorticoid（盐皮质激素）45.aldosterone（醛固酮）46.epinephrine（肾上腺素47.norepinephrine，noradenaline（去甲肾上腺素）48.abdomen（腹部）49.exocrine（外分泌的）50.islets of Langerhans（胰岛）51.ovarian（卵巢的）52.estradiol（雌二醇）53.progesterone（孕酮）54.pregnancy（怀孕）55.malatonin（褪黑素）56.puberty（青春期）57.circadian rhythms（昼夜节律）58. Parathyroid hormone（PTH）59. calcitonin（降血钙素）60.cushing's syndrome（库欣综合症）61.primary aldosteronism(原发性醛固酮增多症)62.pheochromocytoma（嗜铬细胞瘤）63.gigantism（巨人症）64.acromegaly（肢端肥大症）65.diabetes insipidus（尿崩症）66.hyperthyroidism（甲状腺功能亢进症）67.Graves'disease hyperparathyroidism（甲状旁腺功能亢进）69.hypoparathyroidism（甲状旁腺功能低下）70.hyperglycemia（高血糖）71.Addison's disease72.diabetes mellitus（糖尿病）73.glucose（葡萄糖）74.ketoacidosis（酮酸中毒）75.endemic goiter(地方性甲状腺肿大)76.nodular goiter（结节性甲状腺肿大）77.myxedema（粘液性水肿）78.bruit（杂音）79.ptosis（上睑下垂）The Nervous Systemneuron(神经元) 2.neurology(神经病学) 3.acetylcholine（乙酰胆碱）4.effent(传出神经) 5.afferent(传入神经)6.parasympathetic(副交感神经) 7.sympathetic（交感神经）8.ganglion(神经节)9.plexus(神经丛)10.dendrite(树突)11.electrical charge(电信号)12.axon(轴突) 13.myelin(髓鞘)14.neurilemma(神经鞘) 15.synapse（突触）16.white matter（白质）17.gray matter(灰质) 18.neurptransmitter(神经递质)19.neuroglia（神经胶质）20.astrocyte（星型胶质细胞）21.gliomas（神经胶质瘤）22.microglial(小神经胶质细胞)23.oligodendroglia（少突胶质细胞）24.cerebrum(大脑)25.convolution，gyrus(脑回)26.peripheral nervous system(周围神经系统)27.autonomic nervous system(自主神经系统) 28.visceral nervous system（内脏神经系统）29.groove(沟)30.lissure（裂）31.sulcus(沟)32.thalamus(丘脑)hypothalamus(下丘脑)34.diencephalon(间脑)35.pons(脑桥)36.cerebellum(小脑)37.brain stem(脑干)38.medulla oblongata(延髓) 39.meninx（脑膜）40.cauda epuina (马尾)41.dura(硬脑膜)42.mater（脑脊髓膜）43.arachnoid(脑蛛网膜)44.pia mater(软脑脊膜)45.lumbar puncture(腰椎穿刺术)Development & Geneticszygote(合子)2.Oviduct(输卵管)3.endometrium(子宫内膜)4.embryo(胚胎) chorionic sac(绒毛囊)6.chorion（绒毛膜）7.gonadotropin（促性腺激素）corpus luteum(黄体)9.placenta（胎盘）10. amniotic sac（羊膜囊）amniorrhea（破水）12.trimester（三个月，三月期）13.parturition（分娩）14.dystocia （难产）15.caesarian birth（剖宫产）16.oxytocin（催产素）17.prostaglandin （前列腺素）18. m eiosis（减数分裂，成熟分裂）m itosis （有丝分裂）20.triplet（三胞胎）21.quadruplet(四胞胎)dissimilar（不同的）23.abort（流产）24.vagina(阴道)25.cervix（子宫颈）26.fallopian tubes(输卵管）27.fertilization(受孕，受精)28.pregnancy tests(妊娠试验）29.fetus（胎儿)30.umbilical cord（脐带)31.amnion(羊膜囊)32.menstrual(月经）33.birth canal(产道)34.gravida（孕次）35.primigravida（初孕妇）36.para（产次）37.inheritable（可遗传的）Offspring（后代）40.dominant（显性）41.recessive（隐性）42.cell division（细胞分裂）43.rearrangement（重排）44.fragment（碎片）45.dissimilar（不同）46.identical（相同）Disorders of Pregnancy & Genetic Diseasepreeclampsia/eclampsia(先兆子痫) 2.toxemia(毒血症)3.proteinuria(蛋白尿)4.ectopic(异位的)5.salpingitis(输卵管炎)6.endometiosis(子宫内膜异位症)paroscopic(腹腔镜检查的)8.miscarriage(自然流产)9.incompetence(无能力)10.induced abortion (人工流产)11.suction(抽吸) 12.birth defect(先天缺陷)13.teratogen(致胎儿畸形药)14.malformation(畸形；变形)15.rubella/german measles(风疹)16.measles(麻疹)17. herpes simplex(单纯疱疹)18.syphilis(梅毒)19.atresia(闭锁畸形)20.anencephalus(无脑畸形)21.spina bifida(脊柱裂)22.cleft lip(唇裂) 23.cleft palate(腭裂)24.diabetes mellitus(糖尿病)amniocentesis(羊膜穿刺术)26.karyotype(染色体组型)27.chorionicvillus(绒膜绒毛)28.transmit(传递)29.mendelian fashion(孟德尔遗传定律) immunogenetics(免疫遗传学)31.incur(招致)32.mutagen(诱变剂，诱变因素) 33.mutagenic(诱变的)34.carcinogen(致癌物)35.albinism(白化病)36.pigmentation(色素沉着)37.homozygote(纯合子)38.progeny(后裔，后代) schizophrenia(精神分裂症)40.counselor(咨询者；顾问)41.mutant(突变型；变异的)42.prenatal(出生前的)43.lethal(致命的)44.euphenics(优型学)45.euphenic(优型学的)。
各个学科的英文单词一、自然科学1. Biology（生物学）2. Chemistry（化学）3. Physics（物理学）4. Astronomy（天文学）5. Geology（地质学）6. Oceanography（海洋学）7. Meteorology（气象学）8. Ecology（生态学）9. Mathematics（数学）10. Statistics（统计学）二、社会科学11. Economics（经济学）12. Sociology（社会学）13. Psychology（心理学）14. Anthropology（人类学）15. Political Science（政治学）16. History（历史）17. Geography（地理学）18. Law（法学）19. Philosophy（哲学）20. Linguistics（语言学）三、工程技术21. Engineering（工程学）22. Computer Science（计算机科学）23. Electrical Engineering（电气工程）24. Mechanical Engineering（机械工程）25. Civil Engineering（土木工程）26. Chemical Engineering（化学工程）27. Environmental Engineering（环境工程）28. Biomedical Engineering（生物医学工程）29. Aerospace Engineering（航空航天工程）30. Industrial Engineering（工业工程）四、艺术与人文31. Literature（文学）32. Art（艺术）33. Music（音乐）34. Dance（舞蹈）35. Theater（戏剧）36. Film Studies（电影研究）37. Architecture（建筑学）38. Religion（宗教）39. Classics（古典学）40. Cultural Studies（文化研究）五、医学与健康41. Medicine（医学）42. Nursing（护理学）43. Pharmacy（药学）44. Public Health（公共卫生）45. Nutrition（营养学）46. Sports Science（运动科学）47. Physiology（生理学）48. Anatomy（解剖学）49. Pathology（病理学）50. Immunology（免疫学）六、商业与管理51. Business Administration（工商管理）52. Marketing（市场营销）53. Finance（金融学）54. Accounting（会计学）55. Human Resources（人力资源管理）56. Management（管理学）57. Entrepreneurship（创业学）58. International Business（国际商务）59. Supply Chain Management（供应链管理）60. Project Management（项目管理）各个学科的英文单词七、教育与培训61. Education（教育学）62. Pedagogy（教学法）63. Curriculum Development（课程开发）64. Special Education（特殊教育）65. Adult Education（成人教育）66. Vocational Training（职业教育）67. Teacher Training（教师培训）68. Educational Psychology（教育心理学）69. Educational Technology（教育技术）70. Higher Education（高等教育）八、环境科学71. Environmental Science（环境科学）72. Conservation Biology（保护生物学）73. Sustainable Development（可持续发展）74. Climate Science（气候科学）75. Environmental Law（环境法学）76. Environmental Policy（环境政策）77. Environmental Economics（环境经济学）78. Urban Planning（城市规划）79. Environmental Engineering（环境工程）80. Environmental Sociology（环境社会学）九、农业科学81. Agronomy（农学）82. Horticulture（园艺学）83. Animal Science（动物科学）84. Soil Science（土壤科学）85. Plant Pathology（植物病理学）. Agricultural Economics（农业经济学）87. Agricultural Engineering（农业工程）88. Food Science（食品科学）89. Fisheries Science（渔业科学）90. Forestry（林业）十、体育与运动91. Sports Science（运动科学）92. Exercise Physiology（运动生理学）93. Sports Psychology（运动心理学）94. Kinesiology（运动机能学）95. Physical Education（体育教育）96. Sports Medicine（运动医学）97. Athletic Training（运动训练）98. Coaching（教练学）99. Recreation（休闲学）100. Sports Management（体育管理）人文与社会科学1. Anthropology（人类学）2. Archaeology（考古学）3. Economics（经济学）4. Geography（地理学）5. History（历史学）6. Law（法学）7. Linguistics（语言学）8. Philosophy（哲学）9. Political Science（政治学）10. Psychology（心理学）11. Sociology（社会学）12. Anthropology（人类学）13. Archaeology（考古学）14. Economics（经济学）15. Geography（地理学）16. History（历史学）17. Law（法学）18. Linguistics（语言学）19. Philosophy（哲学）20. Political Science（政治学）21. Psychology（心理学）22. Sociology（社会学）23. Anthropology（人类学）24. Archaeology（考古学）25. Economics（经济学）26. Geography（地理学）27. History（历史学）28. Law（法学）29. Linguistics（语言学）30. Philosophy（哲学）31. Political Science（政治学）32. Psychology（心理学）33. Sociology（社会学）34. Anthropology（人类学）35. Archaeology（考古学）36. Economics（经济学）37. Geography（地理学）38. History（历史学）39. Law（法学）40. Linguistics（语言学）41. Philosophy（哲学）42. Political Science（政治学）43. Psychology（心理学）44. Sociology（社会学）45. Anthropology（人类学）46. Archaeology（考古学）47. Economics（经济学）48. Geography（地理学）49. History（历史学）50. Law（法学）51. Linguistics（语言学）52. Philosophy（哲学）53. Political Science（政治学）54. Psychology（心理学）56. Anthropology（人类学）57. Archaeology（考古学）58. Economics（经济学）59. Geography（地理学）60. History（历史学）61. Law（法学）62. Linguistics（语言学）63. Philosophy（哲学）64. Political Science（政治学）65. Psychology（心理学）66. Sociology（社会学）67. Anthropology（人类学）68. Archaeology（考古学）69. Economics（经济学）70. Geography（地理学）71. History（历史学）72. Law（法学）73. Linguistics（语言学）74. Philosophy（哲学）75. Political Science（政治学）76. Psychology（心理学）77. Sociology（社会学）78. Anthropology（人类学）80. Economics（经济学）81. Geography（地理学）82. History（历史学）83. Law（法学）84. Linguistics（语言学）85. Philosophy（哲学）. Political Science（政治学）87. Psychology（心理学）88. Sociology（社会学）89. Anthropology（人类学）90. Archaeology（考古学）91. Economics（经济学）92. Geography（地理学）93. History（历史学）94. Law（法学）95. Linguistics（语言学）96. Philosophy（哲学）97. Political Science（政治学）98. Psychology（心理学）99. Sociology（社会学）100. Anthropology（人类学）。
path前缀医学单词
医学单词常见前缀'path'，其含义及相关单词解析
1. Patho-：疾病、异常的意思。
例如：pathology（病理学）、pathogen（病原体）。
2. Pathy-：疾病、病态的意思。
例如：neuropathy（神经病）、myopathy（肌肉病）。
3. Pathic-：疾病、病态的意思。
例如：psychopathic（精神病的）、narcotic（麻醉药物）。
4. Pathet-：情感、感受的意思。
例如：pathetic（可怜的）、sympathetic（同情的）。
5. Patho-：病理、异常的意思。
例如：pathologic（病理的）、pathognomonic（病征特征）。
6. Pathom-：病理、异常的意思。
例如：pathomorphology（病理形态学）、pathomimia（病理模仿症）。
7. Pathos-：悲痛、悲伤的意思。
例如：pathos（悲情）、apathy （冷漠）。
8. Pathy-：爱、喜爱的意思。
例如：telepathy（心灵感应）、psychopathy（心理疾病）。
以上是常见的与'path'有关的医学前缀及其含义，了解这些前缀可以帮助我们更好地理解和记忆医学单词。
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疾病Diseaseanemia, anaemia 贫血angina pectoris 心绞痛appendicitis 阑尾炎arthritis 关节炎bronchitis 支气管炎cancer 癌catarrh 卡他, 粘膜炎chicken pox, varicella 水痘cholera 霍乱cold 感冒, 伤风, 着凉(head) cold 患感冒diabetes 糖尿病diphtheria 白喉eczema 湿疹epilepsy 癫痫erysipelas 丹毒gangrene 坏疽German measles, rubella 风疹gout 痛风headache 头痛hemiplegy, hemiplegia 偏瘫, 半身不遂icterus, jaundice 黄疸indigestion 消化不良influenza, flu 流感insanity 精神病leukemia 白血病malaria 疟疾malnutrition 营养不良Malta fever 马耳他热, 波状热measles 麻疹migraine, splitting headache 偏头痛miocardial infarction 心肌梗塞mumps 流行性腮腺炎neuralgia 神经痛neurasthenia 神经衰弱paralysis 麻痹peritonitis 腹膜炎pharyngitis 咽炎phtisis 痨病, 肺结核pneumonia 肺炎poliomyelitis 脊髓灰质炎rabies 狂犬病rheumatism 风湿病rickets, rachitis 佝偻病scabies, itch 疥疮scarlet fever 猩红热sciatica 坐骨神经痛sclerosis 硬化septicemia, septicaemia 败血病sinusitis 窦炎smallpox 天花swamp fever 沼地热syncope 晕厥syphilis 梅毒tetanus 破伤风thrombosis 血栓形成torticollis, stiff neck 斜颈tuberculosis 结核病tumour,tumor 瘤typhus 斑疹伤寒urticaria, hives 荨麻疹whooping cough 百日咳yellow fever 黄热病zona, shingles 带状疮疹人体bodyhead 头throat 喉咙, 咽喉armpit hair 腋毛nipple 乳头chest 胸部pit 胸口navel 肚脐abdomen 腹部private parts 阴部thigh 大腿neck 脖子shoulder 肩back 背waist 腰hip 臀部buttock 屁股skull 颅骨, 头盖骨collarbone 锁骨rib 肋骨backbone 脊骨, 脊柱shoulder joint 肩关节shoulder blade 肩胛骨breastbone 胸骨elbow joint 肘关节pelvis 骨盆kneecap 膝盖骨bone 骨skeleton 骨骼sinew 腱muscle 肌肉joint 关节blood vessel 血管vein 静脉artery 动脉capillary 毛细血管nerve 神经spinal marrow 脊髓brain 脑respiration 呼吸windpipe 气管lung 肺heart 心脏diaphragm 隔膜exhale 呼出inhale 呼入internal organs 内脏gullet 食管stomach 胃liver 肝脏gall bladder 胆囊pancreas 胰腺spleen 脾duodenum 12指肠small intestine 小肠large intestine 大肠blind gut 盲肠vermiform appendix 阑尾rectum 直肠anus 肛门bite 咬chew 咀嚼knead 揉捏swallow 咽下digest 消化absord 吸收discharge 排泄excrement 粪便kidney 肾脏bladder 膀胱penis 阴茎testicles 睾丸scroticles 阴囊urine 尿道ovary 卵巢womb 子宫vagina 阴道医院hospitalchildren's hospital 儿童医院general hospital, polyclinic 综合医院hospital for lepers, leprosarium 麻风病院maternity hospital, lying-inhospital 产科医院mental hospital, mental home 精神病院obstetrics and gynecology hospital 妇产医院plastic surgery hospital 整形外科医院stomatological hospital 口腔医院tuberculosis hospital 结核病医院tumour hospital 肿瘤医院clinic 诊疗所first-aid station 急救站polyclinic 联合诊疗所quarantine station 防疫站（检疫所）rest home 休养所sanatorium 疗养院medical department 内科surgical department 外科anaesthesiology department 麻醉科cardiology department 心脏病科dental department 牙科dermatology department, skin department 皮肤科department of cardiac su 心脏外科department of cerebral surgery 胸外科general surgery 普通外科neurology department 神经科neurosurgery department 精神外科obstetrics and gynecology department 妇产科ophthalmology department 眼科orthopedic surgery department 矫形外科orthopedics department 骨科otorhinolaryngological department 耳鼻喉科paediatrics department 小儿科pathology department 病理科plastic surgery 整形外科psychiatry department 精神病科thoracic surgery department 脑外科traumatology department 创伤外科urology department 泌尿科X-ray department 放射科registration office 挂号处out-patient department, OPD 门诊部in-patient department 住院部nursing department 护理部consulting room 诊室waiting room 候诊室admitting office 住院处emergency room 急诊室operation room, operation theatre 手术室laboratory 化验室blood bank 血库pharmacy, dispensary 药房ward 病房medical ward 内科病房surgical ward 外科病房maternity ward 产科病房isolation ward 隔离病房observation ward 观察室hospital bed 病床director of the hospital 院长head of the department of medical administration 医务部主任head of the nursing department 护理部主任head of out-patient department 门诊部主任doctor 医生head of the medical department 内科主任head of the surgical department 外科主任physician in charge, surgeon in charge, attending doctor, doctor in charge 主治医生resident physician 住院医生intern, interne 实习医生laboratory technician 化验员nurse 护士head nurse 护士长anaesthetist 麻醉师pharmacist, druggist 药剂师internist, physician 内科医生surgeon 外科医生brain specialist 脑科专家cardiac surgeon 心外科医生cardiovascular specialist 心血管专家dentist 牙科医生dermatologist 皮肤科医生ear-nose-throat doctor 耳鼻喉医生gynecologist 妇科医生heart specialist 心脏病专家neurologist, nerve specialist 神经科专家obstetrician 产科医生oculist 眼科医生oncologist 肿瘤科医生orthopedist 骨科医生paediatrician 小儿科医生plastic surgeon 整形外科医生radiologist 放射科医师radiographer 放射科技师urologist 泌尿科医生dietician 营养医师out-patient 门诊病人in-patient 住院病人medical patient 内科病人surgical patient 外科病人obstetrical patient 产科病人heart disease patient 心脏病病人emergency case 急诊病人 (参见MEDICINE)医学medicineforensic medicine 法医学doctor, physician 医生,医师,内科医师family doctor 家庭医生pediatrician, pediatrist 儿科医师gynecologist 妇科医师tocologist, obstetrician 产科医师neurologist 神经专家psychiatrist 精神病学专家ophthalmologist, oculist 眼科专家dentist, odontologist 牙医师surgeon 外科医师anesthetist, anaesthetist 麻醉师nurse 护士hospital 医院clinic 诊所sanatorium 疗养院health 健康healthy (个人)健康wholesome 合乎卫生的,有益于健康的hygiene 卫生to get vaccinated 接种sick person, patient 病员,患者to be sick, to be ill 患病sickly 多病ailment, complaint 疾病pain 疼,痛indisposition, slight illness 不适unwell, indisposed 不适的affection, disease 疾病ulcer 溃疡wound 创伤,伤口lesion 损害injury 损伤rash, eruption 疹spot 点,斑pimple 丘疹,小疮blackhead 黑头粉刺blister 水疱furuncle 疖scab, boil 痂scar 癜痕wart 疣,肉赘callus, callosity 胼胝corn 鸡眼chilblain 冻疮bruise 挫伤ecchymosis 瘀癍bump 肿swelling 肿胀contusion 挫伤sprain, twist 扭伤fracture 骨折symptom 症状diagnosis 诊断case 病例incubation 潜伏epidemic 流行病contagion 传染fever 发热attack, access, fit 发作coughing fit 咳嗽发作to take to one's bed 卧床to sneeze 打喷嚏faint, fainting fit 晕厥vertigo, dizziness 眩晕to feel sick 恶心to lose consciousness 失去知觉concussion 震荡coma 昏迷diet 饮食treatment 疗法to get better, to improve 好转cure 治愈relapse 复发蔬菜vegetabletomato 番茄,西红柿asparagus 芦笋cucumber 黄瓜aubergine, eggplant 茄子bean 菜豆beet, beetroot 甜菜pepper 胡椒pimiento 甜椒potato 马铃薯carrot 胡萝卜cauliflower 菜花,花椰菜pumpkin 西葫芦broad bean 蚕豆cabbage 圆白菜,卷心菜chilli 辣椒garlic 蒜chive 葱fennel 茴香cos lettuce 莴苣marrow 嫩葫芦melon 香瓜,甜瓜mushroom, celery 芹菜onion 韭leek 韭菜radish 萝卜tarragon 狭叶青蒿thyme 百里香mushroom 蘑菇artichoke 洋蓟broccoli, brocoli 硬花甘蓝Brussels sprouts 芽甘蓝caper 刺山柑,老鼠瓜cardoon 刺菜蓟chervil 雪维菜,细叶芹chick-pea 鹰嘴豆chicory 苣荬菜cress 水田芥cumin, cummin 孜然芹,枯茗dandelion 蒲公英French bean 法国菜豆gherkin 嫩黄瓜horseradish 辣根Jerusalem artichoke 洋姜,鬼子姜kale 无头甘蓝kohlrabi 甘蓝laurel 月桂lentil 兵豆lettuce 莴苣lupin 羽扇豆 (美作:lupine) parsley 欧芹parsnip 欧防风pea 豌豆rhubarb 大黄salsify 婆罗门参sorrel 掌叶大黄truffle 块菌turnip 芜菁watercress 豆瓣菜购物shoppingto do some shopping; to go shopping 买东西shopping centre 商业中心区department store 百货商店children's goods store 儿童用品商店antique shop 古玩店second-hand store 旧货店counter 柜台stall, stand 售货摊show window 橱窗show case 玻璃柜台shelf 货架cash desk, cashier's desk 收银处price tag 标价签prices are fixed, fixed prices 有定价discount 打折扣change 零钱to keep the bill 留发票to wrap up 包装free of charge 不收费to deliver 送be al sold out, out of stock 售空shop assistant, salesman 售货员saleswoman 女售货员glassware counter 玻璃器皿部enamel ware 搪瓷器皿haberdashery 男子服饰用品confectionery 糖果糕点cosmetics 化妆用品stationery 文具fabrics 纺织品dry goods 服装ready-made clothes, off-the-peg, ready-to-wear 成衣,现成服装men's wear 男服women's wear 女服underwear 内衣裤sports goods, athletic equipment 体育用品sundries 零星小物toilet articles 盥洗用品towel 毛巾handkerchief 手帕toilet soap 香皂shampoo 洗发香波soap 肥皂laundry soap 洗衣皂soap powder 肥皂粉soap flakes 皂片medicated soap 药皂detergent 洗衣粉cleanser 去污粉tooth paste 牙膏tooth brush 牙刷toilet mirror 梳妆镜hair brush 发刷hair vaseline 发蜡cosmetics 化妆品lipstic 口红, 唇膏face powder 粉compact 粉盒powder puff 粉扑cold cream 香脂vanishing cream 雪花膏perfume, scent 香水perfume spray 香水喷子coat hanger 挂衣架clothes-peg, clothes pin 晒衣夹string bag, net bag 网兜thermos bottle 热水瓶cap, cork 热水瓶瓶盖travellers' water bottle, water flask, canteen 旅行水壶lunch box, canteen 饭盒thread 线needle 针button 钮扣zipper 拉链key-ring 钥匙圈torch, flashlight 手电bulb 灯泡battery 电池lock 锁watch, wrist watch 表, 手表watch band 表带watch chain 表链clock 钟alarm clock 闹钟electric clock 电钟umbrella 雨伞parasol, sun umbrella 阳伞knapsack 背包handbag 女手提包briefcase, portfolio 公事包travelling bag 旅行包suitcase 手提箱trunk 大衣箱magnifying glass 放大镜binoculares 望远镜hot-water bottle 热水袋smoking set 烟具lighter 打火机jewelry, jewels 首饰, 珠宝jewel case 首饰盒antique, curio 古玩ornaments 装饰品ring, finger ring 戒指signet ring 印章戒指necklace 项链brooch 胸针pendant 坠子bracelet 镯子chain bracelet 手链ear ring 耳环trinket 小饰物safety-pin 别针cuff-link 袖扣diamond 钻石gold jeweleries 金饰silver jeweleries 银饰pearl 珍珠imitation 仿制品genuine 真的fake 假的baby's cot, crib 婴儿床cradle 摇篮diaper, napkin 尿布feeding bottle, feeder 奶瓶teat, nipple 橡皮奶嘴dummy, comforter 假奶嘴perambulator 儿童车go-cart, walker, babywalker 儿童学步车rocking-horse 摇马scooter 踏板车child's tricycle 儿童三轮车razor 剃刀safety razor 保险剃须刀electric razor 电剃刀razor blade 刀片shaving brush 剃须刷shaving cream 剃须膏comb 梳子hair-brush 发刷hair-net 发网hair pin 发夹hair oil, brilliantine 发油hair lotion 生发水pomade 发膏hair drier 吹风机hair-curler 卷发夹electric clippers, electric shears 电推子nail scissors 指甲剪nail clipper 指甲夹nail file 指甲锉nail varnish, nail polish 指甲油颜色colorpink 粉红色salmon pink 橙红色baby pink 浅粉红色shocking pink 鲜粉红色brown 褐色, 茶色beige 灰褐色chocolate 红褐色, 赭石色sandy beige 浅褐色camel 驼色amber 琥珀色khaki 卡其色maroon 褐红色green 绿色moss green 苔绿色emerald green 鲜绿色olive green 橄榄绿blue 蓝色turquoise blue 土耳其玉色cobalt blue 钴蓝色, 艳蓝色navy blue 藏青色, 深蓝色, 天蓝色aquamarine blue 蓝绿色red 红色scarlet 绯红, 猩红mauve 紫红wine red 葡萄酒红purple, violet 紫色lavender 淡紫色lilac 浅紫色antique violet 古紫色pansy 紫罗兰色white 白色off-white 灰白色ivory 象牙色snowy white 雪白色oyster white 乳白色gray 灰色charcoal gray 炭灰色smoky gray 烟灰色misty gray 雾灰色建筑学architectureto build, to construct 建设,建筑,修建architecture 建筑学building 修筑,建筑物house 房子skyscraper 摩天大楼block of flats 公寓楼 (美作:apartment block)monument 纪念碑palace 宫殿temple 庙宇basilica 皇宫,教堂cathedral 大教堂church 教堂tower 塔,塔楼ten-storey office block 十层办公大楼column 柱colonnade 柱列arch 拱town planning 市政 (美作:city planning)building permission 营建许可证,建筑开工许可证greenbelt 绿地elevation 建筑物的三面图plan 设计图scale 比例尺to prefabricate 预制excavation 挖土,掘土foundations 基to lay the foundations 打地基course of bricks 砌好的砖列scaffold 脚手架scaffolding 脚手架医学常用英语词汇（内外妇儿科均有）目录一、内科常用字汇（一）心血管系（二）统血液及淋巴系统（三）呼吸系统（四）消化系统（五）内分泌系统（六）神经系统（七）肌肉骨骼系统（八）特殊感觉器官二、综合字汇三、妇产科常用字汇四、小儿科常用字汇五、精神科常用字汇六、各科常用缩写七、解剖式内外科常用字汇八、癌症相关单字九、医院内常见单字十、病历表内常见单字一、内科常用字汇心血管系统 The Cardiovascular SystemAcute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) 急性心机梗塞Electrocardiogram (DCG) 心电图Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏血管疾病Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病Hemangioma 血管瘤Vasodilatation 血管扩张Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化Hypertension 高血压Hypertrophy 肥大Hypotension 低血压Varicose veins 静脉曲张血液及淋巴系统 The Hemic and Lymphatic SystemAdenitis 腺炎Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急性淋巴球性白血病Leukocyte 白血球Leukocytopenia白血球减少Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 全身性红斑性狼疮Splenomegaly 脾肿大Anemia贫血Aseptic 无菌的Septicemia败血症Hemostasis 止血Transfusion输血呼吸系统 The Respiratory System Pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞Mucosa 黏膜Exhale呼吸Apnea窒息Tachypnea呼吸急促Pneumonia肺炎Bronchitis支气管炎Lung Empyema 肺积脓消化系统 The Digestive System Short of breath 呼吸短促Dysphasia说话困难Aphasia 失语症Aphonia失声Dysphagia 吞咽困难Gingivitis 齿龈炎Pharyngitis 咽炎Laryngitis 喉炎Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄Abdominocentesis腹部穿刺术Gastric cancer 胃癌Gastritis 胃炎Gastroenteritis胃肠炎Gastrorrhagia胃出血Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡Peritonitis 腹膜炎Enterorrhagia 肠出血Enterorrhexis 肠破裂Appendicitis 阑尾炎Colon cancer结肠癌Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查Rectal cancer 直肠癌Anal Fistual 肛门?I管External hemorrhoid 外痔Internal hemorrhoid 内痔Excretion 排泄Hepatitis肝炎Hepatomegaly 肝肿大Gall Stone 胆结石Cholelithiasis 胆石症Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化Ascites腹水内分泌系统 The Endocrine System Glycemia糖血症Goiter 甲状腺肿Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病Diabetes Insipidus尿崩症Bromidrosis汗臭症Pituitary Tumor 脑下垂体肿瘤神经系统 The Nervous System Cerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化Cerebral Hemorrhage 脑出血Cerebral Edema 脑水肿Cerebra Palsy脑性麻痹Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血Encephalitis 脑炎Electromyography 肌电图Neuritis神经炎Epilepsy 癜痫Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛Rachitis ?偻症Rachioscoliiosis脊柱侧弯Spondylitis 脊椎炎Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识Eye opening睁眼反应Verbal response 语言反应Motor response 运动反应Corneal reflex 角膜反射Plantar reflex 膝反射Sciatica坐骨神经痛Chorea 舞蹈症Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩Migraine 偏头痛Parkinson's Disease 巴金森式症Brain Swelling 脑肿胀brain Concussion 脑震荡brain Anoxia脑缺氧症brain Death 脑死肌肉骨骼系统 The Musculoskeletal SystemAnterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带Rheumatoid Arthritis 类风湿性关节炎Arthrosclerosis关节硬化Degenerated Joint Disease变性关节炎Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏Matastatic Lesion转移性损害Osteoporosis骨质疏松症Amputation 截肢Bone graft 骨移植Hallux Valgus大拇指外翻Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术Range of Motion 运动范围Varus 内翻Chondromalacia软骨软化症泌尿及男性生殖系统 The Urinary and Male Reproductive System Cystitis 膀胱炎Circumcision包皮环割术Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查Hydronephrosis肾水肿Renal Stone 肾结石Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭Cryptorchidism 隐睾症Spermatogenesis精子生成Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄Dysuria 排尿困难Hematuria血尿Uremia尿毒症Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染Vasoligation 输精管结扎Impotence 阳萎特殊感觉器官 The Organs of Special SensesAudiometer 听力计Otitis耳炎Otorrhea耳漏Tympanitis中耳炎Tympanotomy 鼓膜穿破术Nasitis鼻炎Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma鼻咽癌Rhinorrhea 鼻溢Intraocular Foreign Body 眼内异物Intraocular pressure 眼内压Oculus Uterque 双眼Oculus Sinister 左眼Oculus Dexter 右眼Extraocular Muscle 眼外肌Ophthalmologist 眼科医师Diplopia 复视Myopia 近视Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂Corneitis 角膜炎Pupil Size Anisocoria瞳孔大小不等Retinopexy 视网膜固定术Retinal Detachment 视网膜剥落Visual field 视野Vocal nodular 声带结节Dermatologist 皮肤科医师Dermatitis皮肤炎Cataract白内障Glaucoma青光眼综合性字汇Contraceptive避孕的Contraindication 禁忌症Biology 生物学Hyperemesis 剧吐Polydipsia剧渴Homosexual 同性的Heterosexual 异性的Inject 注射Lipoma 脂肪瘤Lipoid 脂肪样的Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症Malformaiton 畸形Malaise 不适Necrosis坏死Nocturia 夜尿症Ployuria 多尿Narcotics 麻醉药Hyperplasia 增殖Dysplasia 发育不良Dyspepsia 消化不良Prognosis 预後Antipyretic 解热剂Hydrophobia 恐水症Photophobia 畏光Antibiotic 抗生素Syndrome 症候群Hydrotherapy 水疗法Perforation 穿孔Percussion叩诊Visceralgia脏器痛二、妇产科常用字汇Genital 生殖的Gynecology 妇科Menstruation 月经Menopause 更年期Menorrhagia经血过多Amenorrhea 无月经Dysmenorrhea经痛Menarche初经Cervical cancer 子宫颈癌Cervical Erosion子宫颈糜烂Cervicitis子宫颈炎Perineum会阴Endometriosis子宫内膜异位Ovary 卵巢Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿Ovulation排卵Vaginitis阴道炎Colposcopy 阴道镜检法Galactocele乳腺囊肿Mammography 乳房X光摄影术Infertility 不孕症InVitro Fertilization 体外受精Amnion 羊膜Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞Hydramnion 羊水过多Anterpartal 产前的Antepartum 分娩前Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称Artificial Insemination 人工受精Engagement 进入产位Estrogen动情基素Colostrum 初乳Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕Corpus Luteum 黄体Vacuum Extraction Delivery 真空吸出分娩Venereal Disease 性病Tubal Ligation 输卵管结扎Laparoscope 腹腔镜Embryo 胚胎Ectopic Gestation 子宫外孕Primipara 初产妇Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位Dead Detus in Uterus 胎死腹中Multipara 经产妇Parity 经产Placenta Previa前置胎盘Postpartum 产後Postpartum hemorrhage产後出血Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症Adolescence青春期Basal Body Temperature 基础体温Cesarean Section 剖腹产Expected Date of Confinement 预产期Fallopian Tube 输卵管Forceps 产钳Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块Labor Pain阵痛Painless Labor 无痛分娩Molding胎头变形Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产Papanicolaou Smear 子宫颈抹片检查Premature Rupture of Membrance 早期破水Progesterone黄体素Stillbrith死产Suture 缝合Stump残物Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血三、小儿科常用字汇Apnea呼吸暂停Aplastic Anemia再生不良性贫血Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形Bronchial Asthma支气管性气喘Bronchitis支气管炎Cephalopematoma头血肿Erythema红斑Hypospadia尿道下裂Dehydration 脱水Hydrocephalus水脑Hydrocele 阴囊积水Polydactylia多指畸形Pyoderma脓皮症Sepsis 败血症Tonsillitis扁桃腺炎Encephalitis脑炎Gastroenteritis肠胃炎Necrotizing Enterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎Malignant恶性的Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形Neonatal Asphyxia新生儿窒息Cleft Palate 颚裂Diarrhea腹泻Dental Caries 龋齿Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹Hives Urticaria蕈麻疹Torticollis斜颈Vaccine疫苗Incubator 保温箱Cleft lip 兔唇Chicken pox 水痘Club foot 畸足Diphtheria白喉Dengue fever 登革热Eczema湿疹Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒German Measles/ Rubella德国麻疹Giant baby巨婴Gonorrhea 淋病Hepatitis B B型肝炎Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病Jaundice 黄疸Mongolian spots 蒙古斑Mumps 腮腺炎Respiratory arrest呼吸停止Roseola infantum幼儿玫瑰疹Vomiting呕吐四、精神科常用字汇Mental retardation 智能不足autism自闭症dement 痴呆症alzheimer's dementia阿尔?海默式形痴呆症alcoholism 酒瘾substances Intoxication 物质中毒alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒schizophrenia精神分裂病delusional Disorder 妄想性病患Major Depressive Disorder重郁症疾患phobia畏惧症obsessive-Compulsive Disorder强迫性病患pedophilia恋童癖exhibitionism 暴露狂Transvestic Fetishism扮异性恋物癖Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾患Anorexia Nervosa心因性厌食症Bulimia Nervosa心因性暴食症临床症状blunted affect 感情迟钝silly Laughter 傻笑apathy冷漠irritable 易怒的euphoria欣快感depression 忧郁ambivalence感情矛盾Flat Affect感情平淡suicide attempt 自杀企图queer behavior 怪异行为bizarre behavior 特异行为hypertalkative 多话hypotalkative 少话mutistic不语hyperactivity 活动过多hypoactivity 活动过少compulsive behavior 强迫行为verbigeration 重复语言catelepsy 僵直negativism阻抗行动Mannerism作态行为destrctive behavior 破坏行为autistic thinking 自闭性思考poverty of speech 言语贫乏flight of ideas 意念飞跃loosening of association 思考连结松散illogical thinking 不合逻辑思考pressure speech 言语急迫thought blocking 思考中断incoherent 语无伦次thought Withdrawal 思想退缩irrelevant 答非所问delusion 妄想delusion of persecution 被害妄想delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想Phobia 恐惧症acrophobia 惧高症algophobia 惧痛症sexual drive 性欲illusion 错觉hallucination 幻觉auditory hallucination 听幻觉disoreinatation 失去定向力amnesia记忆丧失症confabulation 虚谈症orientation 定向力judgement 判断力derealization 失真感insight病识感no insight 无病识感intellectual insight 理性的病识感true emotional insight 真正具有情绪性病识感心理学名词free association 自由联想dream analysis 梦的解析ego 自我id 原我super ego 超我ego boundary 自我界限libido 原欲scapegoat 代罪羔羊internal conflict 内在冲突conscious 意识unconscious 潜意识preconscious前意识transference 情感转移depersonalization 人格解体derealization 脱离现实neurosis神经精神病Psychosis神经病Pleasure Principle 享乐原则Reality Principle 现实原则Moral Principle 道德原则Predisposing Factors 潜在因素Precipitating Factors 诱发因素Defense Mechanism 防卫机转compensation 补偿作用conversion 转化作用denial 否认作用displacement 转移作用dissociation 解离作用fantasy 幻想作用identification 认同作用introjection 内射作用projection 外射作用retionalization 合理化作用reaction formation 反向作用degression 退化作用repression 潜抑作用suppression 压抑作用restitution 归还作用sublimation 升华作用substitution 取代作用symbolism 象徵作用undoing 抵销作用distortion 曲解作用isolation 隔离作用Cognitive behavioral Therapy认知行为治疗Empathy 同理心Resistance阻抗testing out behavior 试探行为self-awareness自我了解separation anxiety 分离焦虑reinforcement 增强原则catharsis 情绪宣泄confrontation 面质listen 倾听restraint 约束physical restraint 身体的约束chemical 药物的约束五、各科常用缩写AAAD against-advice discharge 自动出院A abdomen 腹部ADL activities of daily life 日常生活活动A/G albumin /globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例AK above knee 膝上B.BE below elbow 肘下BH body height 身高b.i.d twice a day 一日两次Bil bilateral两侧的BK below knee 膝下BM bowel movement 肠蠕动BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大BTI biliary tract infection胆道感染BUS blood, urine, stool 血液,小便,大便BW body weight 体重C.Ca. Carcinoma 癌CBC complete blood count 全血球计数CBD common bile duct 总胆管CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio 前後胸部CO cardiac output 心输出量CPR cardiopulmonaryresuscitation 心肺复苏术CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis 慢性鼻窦炎C/T chemotherapy 化学治疗法CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞CT Scan computerized axial tomography scan 电脑断层检查CVA cerebral vascular accident 脑血管意外CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压D.DC discontinue 停止D&C dilatation and curettage 扩张及刮除术DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病DPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus 白喉,百日咳,破伤风DU duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃伤E.ECG eletrocardiogram 心电图EEG electroecephalogram 脑电波图ENT ear, nose, throat 耳鼻喉F.FH family history 家族史FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音FOU fever of unknown 不明原因发烧Fr fracture 骨折G.GB gall bladder 胆囊GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规gtt. Drops 滴GU genitourinary 生殖泌尿的GYN gynecology 妇科学HHb hemoglobin 血色素HICH hypertensive intracerebralhemorrhage 高血压性脑内出血h.s. at bedtime 睡前HT Hypertension 高血压Ht. (Hct.) Hematocrit 血球容积Hx History 病例IICP Intermittent catheterization program 间歇性导尿ICU Intensive care unit 加护病房ICT Intracerebral tumor脑内肿瘤I & D Incision and drainage 切开及流IICP Increased intracranial pressure 增高胪内压Imp. Impression 臆断IM Intramuscular 肌肉内的I & O Intake and output 输入及排出IV Intravenous 静脉内的IVKO Intravenous keep open 静脉点滴维持通畅JJej. Jejunum 空肠Jt. Joint 关节KKn. Knee 膝KUB Kidney, ureter, baldder 肾、输尿管及膀胱L.LFT liver function test肝功能试验LLQ left lower quadrant 左下象限LMP last menstrual period 最後一次月经MMBD may be discharged 可出院MN midnight 午夜NNKA non known allergy 不明原因的过敏NP nothing particular 并无特别的NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌NPO nothing by mouth 禁食O.OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎OB occult blood 潜血OBS obstetrics 产科OP operation 手术OPD outpatient department 门诊Ortho. Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的OS ocular sinistro 左眼OT occupational therapy 职能治疗OU Both eyes 双眼Pp.c. after meals 饭後PCT Penicillin test 盘尼西林测验PE Physical examination 身体检查PI Present illness 目前病况p.o. by mouth 由口PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿孔性胃溃疡PT Physical therapy 物理治疗PTA Prior to admission 入院前PTN Parenteral total nutrition 肠道外的高营养Q Q every 每一q.d. every day 每日q.h every hour 每小时q.i.d. four times a day 每日四次q.m. every morning 每日早晨q.n. every night 每日晚间RRA rheumatoid a arthritis 类风湿性关节炎RBC red blood cell 红血球RN registered nurse 护理师R/O rule out 可能是RR recovery room 恢复室R/T radio-therapy test 放射治疗RUQ right upper quadrant 右上象限Rx take取拿Medication 处方Treatment 治疗SSc. Subcutaneous 皮下的SOB short of breath 呼吸短促SP.g.r. specific gravity 比重S/P status/ post operation 手术後s-s half 一半St(stat) immediately 立刻Staph. Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌Tt.i.d. Three times a day 每日三次TPR Temperature, pulse, respirations 体温、脉搏、呼吸TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺UURI Upper respiratory infection 上呼吸道感染WWBC White blood cell 白血球White blood count 白血球计数YY/O year old 年龄Z zero 零六、解剖式内外科常用字汇The cardiovascular system 心血管系统lungs 肺脏venisvessels血管capillaries微血管cardi 心脏arteriesblood clot凝血The Hemic and Lymphatic System血液及淋巴系统Blood 血液Red blood cell 红血球White blood cell白血球Platelet血小板The Respiratory System 呼吸系统Bronchial tube主支气管Alveoii气泡Pharynx咽Larynx喉Trachea气管Lung肺Bronchioles小支气管Pleura胸膜Chest 胸Air 气The Digestive System 消化系统Lips唇teeth 牙齿tongue舌bile duct 胆管gallbladder 胆囊duodenum十二指肠jejunum空肠ileum 回肠appendix 阑尾small intestine小肠large intestine大肠rectum 直肠anus 肛门pancreas胰stomach 胃esophagus食道pharynx咽The Endocrine SystemGlands 腺体Adrenals肾上腺Pancreas胰Pituitary 脑下腺Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺Breasts 乳房Ovaries 卵巢Testes睾丸The Nervous SystemBrain 脑Spinal cord 脊髓Vertebra脊椎Cranium颅腔Meninges脑膜Nerves神经The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统Skull 头骨Clavicle锁骨Sternum 胸骨Ribs 助骨Joints 关节Ligaments 韧带Tendons 肌腱Cartilage 软骨The Urinary and Male Reproductive System 泌尿及男性生殖系统Cortex皮质Urinary膀胱Urethra尿道Ureters输尿管Kidney 肾脏Renal pelvis 肾孟Vas deferens精管Urinary bladder 膀胱prostate gland前列腺scrotum 阴囊testis 睾丸penis阴茎urethra尿道The Organs of Special Senses 特殊感觉器官Acoustic nerve听神经Ear 耳朵Hearing 听觉的tube 耳咽管Eardrum 耳骨膜Eustachian 欧式管Nasal cavities鼻腔Nose 鼻Eyelid眼睑Lens晶球体Carnea角膜Tear duct泪管Conjunctiva结膜Choroid layer 脉络膜Retina视网膜Sclera巩膜Optic nerve视神经Obstetrics & Hynecology 妇产科常用字汇Fallopian tube输卵管Ovary 卵巢Uterus子宫Vagina阴道Vulva女阴(外生殖器官)脑部系统cerebrum 大脑corpus callosum 胼胝体thalamus 视丘cerebellum 小脑diencephalon 间脑cerebral peduncles大脑脚infundibulum漏斗hypophysis 脑下垂体midbrain 中脑pons 桥脑medulla 延脑brain stem 脑干眼球构造pupil 瞳孔suspensory ligaments 悬韧带ciliary process捷状突retinal veins网膜静脉retinal arteries网膜动脉optic nerve视神经anterior chamber前眼房posterior chamber 後眼房iris虹膜vitreous body 玻璃状体internal rectus muscle 内直肌lacrimal puncta泪孔lacrimal canaliculi泪小管lacrimal gland 泪腺excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管eyebrow眉毛耳朵构造cochlea 耳蜗eustachian tube 耳咽管helix 耳壳tympanic membrance 鼓膜external auditory canal 外耳道semicircular canals半规管malleus锤骨vestibulocochlear nerve前庭耳蜗神经口腔gingiva 齿龈molars 大臼齿premolars 小臼齿canines犬齿incisors 门齿vestibule of mouth 口腔前庭upper lip 上唇upper lip frenulum 上唇系带alveolar provess齿槽突hard palate硬颚palatine tonsil颚扁桃腺sublingual caruncle 舌下阜七、癌症相关单字1. gastric cancer胃癌2. pancreatic cancer胰脏癌3. colon cancer结肠癌4. rectal cancer直肠癌5. prostate cancer摄护腺癌6. nasotharyngdal carcinona鼻咽癌7. cervical cancer子宫颈癌8. lung cancer肺癌9. esophageal cancer食道癌10. bladder cancer膀胱癌11. laryngl caner喉癌12. ovarian cancer软巢癌13. liver cancer肝癌14. skin cancer皮肤癌15. breast cancer乳癌16. leukemia血癌17. bone cancer骨癌18. brain tumor脑癌19. heart disease 心脏病20. lymphoma 淋巴瘤八、医院内常见单字Hospital 医院Nursing school = nursing home 护理学校(nursing home) Private convalescencehospital慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院(nursery school) 处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方Department of Medicine = Department of Internal Medicine 内科Resident in medicine 内科住院医师Chief of Medicine 内科主任(Medical man)Internist = intern = intern 实习生 (Internist = 内科医师) House officer 医院医师的称呼Junior and senior students 医学院学生(通常3或4学生)Extern 医院实习生Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生Student nurse 护理学生Graduate nurse护理学校毕业的护士Registered nurse (R.N.)取得考试许可证Supervisor督导护士Head nurse护士长Scrub nurse 手术助理护士Practicing physician = physician in practice = practitioner 开业医生Ambulance = ambulatory 救护车(不限於车子只要是搬运病人的船或飞机)Ambulant 可走动不必卧床的病人Ambulantory patient住院患者可走动 (May ambulate, ambulatory, up ad lib,may walk)Malingerer 装病的人 (malinger 装病)Paretic 麻痹患者Malpractice 诊疗错误Emergency room 急诊室Ward 病房station护理站por恢复室Patient患者,病人。
法医学（Forensic medicine、Legal medicine、Medic ine jurisprudence）法医病理学（forensic pathology）法医临床学（forensic clinical medicine) 法医物证学（science of medicolegal physical）法医毒理学（forensic toxicology）法医毒物分析（forensic toxicological analysis）法医人类学（forensic anthropology）法医精神病学（forensic psychiatry）法医死亡学（forensic thanatalogy）超生反应（supravital reaction）脑死亡（brain death）植物人（vegetative patient）自杀死（suicide death）他杀死（homicide death）灾害事故死（accidental death）机械性损伤（mechanical injury）尸体现象（postmortem phenomena）自溶（autolysis）侵软(maceration)挫伤（contusion）创(wound)骨折(fracture) 内脏损伤(rupture of vicera)肢体断离(amputation) 钝器伤(blunt instrument injury)砖石伤(brick and stone injury) 挤压伤(crush injury)高坠伤(falling injury) 锐器伤（sharp instrument injury）切创(incised wound) 砍创(slashing wound)剪创(scissoring injury) 徒手伤（bare-hands injury）弥漫性轴索损伤（diffuse axonal injury ，DAI) 挥鞭样损伤（Whiplash injure）医疗纠纷（Medical tangle）性犯罪（sexual crime)性传播疾病(sexual transmission disease ，STD) 猝死(sudden death):急速意外的自然性死亡(sudden unexpected natural death)冠心病（coronary atherosclerotic cardiopathy）即时死(instantaneous death)原发性心肌病（primary cardiomyopathy) 心肌炎（myocarditis)大叶性肺炎(lobar pneumonia) 小叶性肺炎（lobular pneumonia)病毒性肺炎(viral pneumonia) 摇篮死（crib death)急性出血坏死性胰腺炎（acute hemorrhagic necrosis of the pancrease)青壮年猝死综合征(sudden manhood death syndrome,SMDS)婴幼儿猝死综合征(sudden infant death syndrome,SIDS)胸腺淋巴体质(status thymico-lympaticus) 物证(material evidence)滴落状血痕(drip bloodstain) 流注状血痕（flow bloodstain)喷溅状血痕（projected bloodstain) 抛甩状血痕（cast-off bloodstain)溅落状血痕（splash bloodstain) 擦拭状血痕（wipe bloodstain)转移性血痕（transfer bloodstain) 浸染状血痕（soaked bloodstain)稀释状血痕（diluted bloodstain) 血泊(blood pool)毒物（poison）中毒（poisoning）轻伤（flesh injury）轻微伤（slight bodily injury）干尸（木乃伊，mummy）文案编辑词条B 添加义项?文案，原指放书的桌子，后来指在桌子上写字的人。
骨科英文单词常用骨科专业英语词汇:fracture n.骨折pathological fracture 病理骨折fatigue fracture 疲劳骨折open fracture 开放骨折close fracture 闭合骨折comminuted fracture粉碎性骨折compressed fracture 压缩骨折shock n.休克deformity n.畸形tenderness n.压痛swelling n.肿胀ecchymosis n.瘀斑obstacle n.功能障碍bonefascial compartment syndrome 骨筋膜室综合征infection n.感染spinal cord injury 脊髓损伤surrounding nerve 周围神经fat embolism 脂肪栓塞bedsore n.褥疮arthroclisis n.关节僵硬ischemic necrosis 缺血性坏死ischemic contraction 缺血性挛缩traumatic arthritis 创伤性关节炎hematoma n.血肿callus n.骨痂heal n.愈合synovitis n.滑膜炎ligament n.韧带tendon n.肌腱pyogenic osteomyelitis 化脓性骨髓炎reduction n.复位bone traction 骨牵引osteoporosis n.骨质疏松二、上肢骨骨折概论FRACTURE OF UPPER EXTREMITIES shoulder pains 颈肩痛clavicle n.锁骨humerus n.肱骨rotation n.旋转supracondyle n.髁上blister n.水疱pulsate n.搏动thrombus n.血栓cancellous n.松质骨epiphysis n.骨骺injury n.损伤joint n.关节stability n.稳定ulna n.尺骨radius n.桡骨metacarpal bone 掌骨bone graft 植骨hemostasis 止血periosteum n.骨膜tension n.张力adhesion n.粘连skin grafting 植皮arthrodesis n.关节融合extrusion n.挤压gangrene n.坏疽pallor n.苍白、灰白amputation n.截肢plaster n.石膏paralysis n.瘫痪bandage n.绷带三、手外伤HAND TRAUMAavulsion n.撕脱dislocation n.脱位stiff adj.僵硬四、下肢骨折与关节损伤FRACTURE OF LOWER EXTREMITIES AND ARTICULAR INJURY femur n.股骨adduction n.内收separate v.分离cartilage n.软骨synovialis n.滑膜spinal column 脊柱五、脊柱及骨盆骨折FRACTURE OF VERTEBRAL COLUMN AND PELVIScolumn n.椎体cervical column 颈椎lumber vertebra 腰椎sacrum n.骶椎sense n.感觉movement n.运动reflect v.反射pelvis n.骨盆stenosed column 椎管狭窄六、关节脱位ARTICULAR DISLOCATIONcongenital dislocation 先天性脱位pathological dislocation 病理性脱位osteoarthritis n.骨关节炎total hip replacement 全髋置换术七、运动系统慢性损伤CHRONIC STRAIN OF MOVEMENT SYSTEMstrain n.劳损cystis n.滑囊stenosed tenosynovitis 狭窄性腱鞘炎ganglion n.腱鞘囊肿degenerative adj.退行性变multiply v.增生abnormal sense 感觉异常八、骨与关节化脓感染OSTEOARTICULAR PURULENT LNFECTION channel n.窦道drill hole 钻孔drainage n.引流九、骨与关节结核OSTEOARTICULAR TUBERCULOSISbone tuberculosis 骨结核spinal cord compression 脊髓压迫十、骨肿瘤BONE TUMORbone tumor 骨肿瘤osteochondroma n.骨软骨瘤osteosarcoma n.骨肉瘤chemotherapy n.化疗synoviosarcoma n.滑膜肉瘤人体解剖学Human Anatomy之运动系统Locomotor system一、中轴骨Axial Bonesbone n.骨vertebrae n.椎骨cervical vertebrae 颈椎thoracic vertebrae 胸椎lumbar vertebrae 腰椎sacrum n.骶骨coccyx 尾骨atlas n.寰椎axis n.枢椎*sternum n.胸骨sternal angle 胸骨角sternal manubrium 胸骨柄xiphoid process 剑突rib n.肋thoracic cage 胸廓二、颅SKULLskull n.颅frontal bone 额骨parietal bone 顶骨occipital bone 枕骨temporal bone 颞骨sphenoid bone 蝶骨ethmoid bone 筛骨mandible n.下颌骨hyoid bone 舌骨vomer n.犁骨maxilla n.上颌骨palatine bone 腭骨nasal bone 鼻骨lacrimal bone 泪骨inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲zygomatic bone 颧骨coronal suture冠状缝sagital suture 矢状缝lambdoid suture 人字缝orbit n.眶cranial fontanelle 颅囟三、附肢骨TARSAL BONES ANDEXTREMITAL BONES clavicle n.锁骨scapula n.肩胛骨humerus n.肱骨radius n.桡骨ulna n.尺骨carpal bone 腕骨metacarpal bone 掌骨phalanges n.指骨，趾骨hip bone 髋骨ilium n.髂骨ischium n.坐骨pubis n.耻骨femur n.股骨patella n.髌骨tibia n.胫骨fibula n.腓骨tarsal bone 跗骨metatarsal bone 跖骨四、关节学ARTHROLOGYarticulation n.关节ligament n.韧带flexion n.屈extension n.伸adduction n.收medial rotation 旋内lateral rotation 旋外pronation n旋前.supination n.旋后circumduction n.环转vertebral column脊柱thoracic cage 胸廓intervertebral disc 椎间盘temporal-mandibular joint 颞下颌关节shoulder joint 肩关节elbow joint 肘关节radiocarpal joint 桡腕关节pelvis n.骨盆hip joint 髋关节knee joint 膝关节ankle joint 踝关节五、肌肉系统MUSCULATURE（1）肌学系统INTRODUCTION OF MUSCULATURE muscle n.肌肉muscle belly 肌腹tendon n.肌腱aponeurosis n.腱膜fascia n.筋膜tendinous sheath 腱鞘（2）躯干肌TRUNK MUSCLEStrapezius n.斜方肌latissimus dorsi 背阔肌erector spinae 竖脊肌sternocleidomastoid adj.胸锁乳突的scalenus n.斜角肌pectoralis major 胸大肌intercostales n.肋间肌diaphragm n.膈（肌）inguinal canal 腹股沟管sheath of rectus abdominis 腹直肌鞘（3）头肌HEAD MUSCLESorbicularis oculi 眼轮匝肌masseter n.咬肌temporalis n.颞肌deltoid n.三角肌biceps brachii 肱二头肌triceps brachii 肱三头肌axillary fossa 腋窝（4）附肢肌MUSCLES ATTACHED TOEXTREMITTES gluteus maximus 臀大肌piriformis n.梨状肌sartorius n.缝匠肌quadriceps femoris 股四头肌triceps surae 小腿三头肌femoral triangle 股三角popliteal fossa 腘窝。
音标栏以有道词典英式音标为准，英文单词的音标之间空两格。
若有道词典查阅不到，请在备注栏标注出处，并用蓝色字体显启动型caspase initiator caspase器质性肾功能衰竭parenchymal renal failure前列腺素E prostaglandin E前列腺素类prostaglandins，PGs前维生素D previtamin D3前向衰竭forward failure羟苯乙醇胺octopamine清道夫受体scavenger receptor，SR躯体性应激physical stress去甲肾上腺素norepinephrine，NE全身适应综合征general adaptation syndrome全身性水肿anasarca全身炎症反应综舍征systemic inflammatory response syndrome，SIRS全心衰竭whole heart failure缺血一再灌注损伤ischemia-reperfusion injury缺血后适应postconditioning缺血性脑血管疾病ischemle cerebrovascular disease缺血性欢氧ischenmic hypoxia缺血性缺氧期ischemic anoxia phase缺血预适应preconditioning缺氧hypoxia缺氧相关基因hypoxia related gene缺氧性肺动脉高压hypoxic pulmonary hypertension，HPH缺氧性肺血管收缩hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction，HPR缺氧诱导因子-1hypoxia inducible factor 1，HIF-1TTol1样受体Toll like receptor ,TLR“梯”状ladder pattern调定点set point肽聚糖peptidoglycan碳酸酐酶carbonic anhydrase，CA碳氧血红蛋白carboxyhemoglobin，HbCO糖蛋白glycoprotein，gp糖尿病diabetes mellitus糖尿病肾病diabetic nephropathy糖皮质激素glucocorticoid，GC糖皮质激素受体glucocorticoid receptor，GR糖原合成酶glycogen synthetase，GS糖原合酶激酶-3glycogen synthase kinase-3，CSK-3体液因子humoral factor条件性更新conditional renewing铜蓝蛋白ceruloplasmin酮症酸中毒keto-acidosis脱水dehydration脱髓鞘性疾病demyelinating diseaseW外致热原 exogenous pyrogen外周型苯二氮革受体peripheral type benzodiazepine receptor，PTBR外周阻力 peripheral resistance，PR完好状态state of complete well-being完全康复complete recovery危险因素risk factor微血管病性溶血性贫血microangiopathic hemolytic anemia微循环 microcirculation微循环衰竭期microcirculatory failure stage维持还原型谷胱甘肽reduced glutathione hormone,CSH未折叠蛋白反应unfolded protein response，UPR稳定斑块stable plaque稳态homeostasis稳态更新steady-state renewing沃-弗综合征Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome无复流现象no-reflow phenomenon病理学注栏标注出处，并用蓝色字体显示。
单词翻译：方剂：Prescription 急诊：Emergency针灸：Acupuncture 养生：Health maintenance 经脉：Channel 瞳神：Pupil肾：Kidney 病理学：Pathology精：Essence 医案：Medical record康复：Rehabilitation 药理学：Pharmacology护理：Nursery 真气：Genuine Qi脊：Spine 齿龈：Gum灸术：Moxibustion 炮制学：Science of processing 脾：Spleen 睫毛：Eyelash药剂学：Pharmacy 肛肠科：Proctology按摩：Massage 肠：Intestine骨髓：Marrow 胆囊：Gallbladder腰：Waist 膝：Knee脉搏：Pulse 牙科：Dentistry喉：Throat 骨学：Osteology拔火罐：Cupping 毛孔：Pore创伤学：Traumatology 胰腺：Pancreas关节：Joint 卫气：Defensive Qi肝脏：Liver 经络：Meridian诊断：Diagnose 疫苗：Vaccine妇科：Gynecology 症状：Symptom 肺：Lung 瘫：Paralysis头颅骨：Skull 膀胱：Bladder咽：Pharynx 腰骨：Lumbar bone 儿科：Pediatrics 腭：Palate髋：Hip 痰：Phlegm皮肤学：Dermatology 流行病：Epidemic 治疗法：Remedy 细胞：Cell医师：Physician 癌症：Cancer眼科：Ophthalmology 痢疾：Diarrhea 腹：Abdomen 苦：Bitter眼睑：Eyelid 剂量：Dosage血轮：Blood wheel 疗法：Therapy草药：Herbal medicine短语翻译：同病异治：treating same disease with different methods因时制宜：treatment in accordance with seasonal conditions扶正祛邪：strengthening vital qi to eliminate pathogenic factor攻补兼施：reinforcement and elimination in combination寒者热之：treating cold syndrome with hot natured drugs调理阴阳：coordinating yin and yang辛温解表：relieving superficies syndrome with pungent and warm natured drugs解肌清热：expelling pathogenic factors from muscles for clearing heat 疏风透疹：dispelling wind to promote eruption扶正解表：strengthening resistance to relieve superficies syndrome助阳解表：reinforcing yang to relieve superficies syndrome滋阴解表：nourishing yin to relieve superficies syndrome清热攻下：clearing heat and purgation温阳通便：warming yang for relaxing bowels润燥通便：moistening dryness for relaxing bowels泻下逐水：expelling water retention by purgation和解表里：expelling water retention by purgation调和肝脾：harmonizing liver and spleen疏肝和胃：dispersing stagnated liver qi for regulating stomach调理肠胃：coordinating intestines and stomach调和气血：harmonizing qi and blood平调寒热：mildly regulating cold and heat温清并用：using warming and heat-clearing simultaneously清热泻火：clearing heat-fire清热凉血：clearing heat and cooling blood清热解毒：clearing heat-toxicity清泻虚热：clearing deficient heat清热泻肺：clearing heat and purging lung清热解暑：clearing summerheat祛暑解表：dispelling summerheat to relieve exterior syndrome疏肝解郁：dispersing stagnated liver qi for relieving qi stagnation 理气和胃：regulating qi-flowing for harmonizing stomach和胃降逆：regulating stomach descending adverse qi活血化瘀：promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis 舒筋活络：relieving rigidity of muscles and activating collaterals苦温燥湿：dispelling dampness with bitter and warm-natured drugs 健脾化湿：invigorating spleen for eliminating dampness散寒除湿：dispelling cold and removing dampness利水消肿：inducing diuresis for removing edema除湿通络：eliminating dampness and dredging channels清热润燥：clearing heat and moistening dryness润肺化痰：moistening lung for removing phlegm滋阴润燥：nourishing yin for moistening dryness益气生血：benefiting qi for promoting production of blood补益肺气：replenishing and restoring lung qi补脾益肺：invigorating spleen for benefiting lung补血养心：replenishing blood for nourishing heart养血调经：nourishing blood for regulating menstruation滋阴清热：nourishing yin and clearing heat温补心阳：warmly invigorating heart yang补益精髓：strengthening and nourishing marrow and essence滋补肾精：replenishing kidney essence温阳散寒：warming yang for dispelling cold温经活血：warming channel and activating blood circulation疏散风邪：dispelling wind pathogens祛风解肌：dispelling pathogenic wind from muscles平肝息风：suppressing hyperactive liver for calming endogenous wind 柔肝息风：softening liver for calming endogenous wind息风解痉：relieving spasm by calming endogenous wind宣肺化痰：dispersing lung qi and dissipating phlegm祛痰化浊：eliminating phlegm and resolving turbidity散寒化饮：dispelling cold and resolving fluid retention祛痰宣痹：eliminating phlegm and dredging channel blockade芳香开窍：resuscitation with aromatics驱蛔杀虫：expelling and killing ascarid养血安神：nourishing blood for tranquillization消食化滞：resolving food stagnation消痞化积：relieving oppression and masses软坚散结：softening and resolving hard mass固表止汗：consolidating superficies for arresting sweating 敛肺止咳：astringing lung for relieving cough涩肠止泻：relieving diarrhea with astringents益气摄精：benefiting qi for consolidating semen补肾安胎：tonifying kidney for preventing miscarriage缩尿止遗：reducing urination for preventing enuresis段落翻译：1 : 阴阳理论渗透于中医理论系统的各个方面。
急诊： Emergency养生： Health maintenance 瞳神： Pupil 病理学： Pathology 医案： Medical record 药理学：Pharmacology 真气： Genuine Qi 齿龈： Gum 炮制学：Science of processing 睫毛： Eyelash 肛肠科： Proctology肠： Intestine 胆囊：Gallbladder 膝： Knee 牙科： Dentistry 骨学： Osteology 毛孔： Pore 胰腺： Pancreas 卫气： Defensive Qi 经络：Meridian 疫苗： Vaccine单词翻译：方剂： Prescription 针灸： Acupuncture 经脉： Channel 肾：Kidney 精： Essence 康复： Rehabilitation 护理： Nursery 脊：Spine 灸术：Moxibustion 脾： Spleen 药剂学： Pharmacy 按摩： Massage 骨髓： Marrow 腰： Waist 脉搏： Pulse 喉： Throat 拔火罐： Cupping 创伤学： Traumatology 关节： Joint 肝脏： Liver 诊断： Diagnose妇科：Gynecology 肺：Lung 头颅骨：Skull 咽：Pharynx 儿科：Pediatrics 髋：Hip 皮肤学：Dermatology 治疗法：Remedy 医师：Physician 眼科：Ophthalmology 腹：Abdomen 眼睑：Eyelid 血轮：Blood wheel 症状：Symptom 瘫：Paralysis 膀胱：Bladder 腰骨：Lumbar bone 腭：Palate 痰：Phlegm 流行病：Epidemic 细胞：Cell 癌症：Cancer 痢疾：Diarrhea 苦：Bitter 剂量：Dosage 疗法：Therapy草药：Herbal medicine短语翻译：同病异治：treating same disease with different methods因时制宜：treatment in accordance with seasonal conditions 扶正祛邪：strengthening vital qi to eliminate pathogenic factor 攻补兼施：reinforcement and elimination in combination寒者热之：treating cold syndrome with hot natured drugs调理阴阳：coordinating yin and yang辛温解表：relieving superficies syndrome with pungent and warm natured drugs解肌清热：expelling pathogenic factors from muscles for clearing heat 疏风透疹：dispelling wind to promote eruption扶正解表：strengthening resistance to relieve superficies syndrome助阳解表：reinforcing yang to relieve superficies syndrome滋阴解表：nourishing yin to relieve superficies syndrome清热攻下：clearing heat and purgation温阳通便：warming yang for relaxing bowels润燥通便：moistening dryness for relaxing bowels泻下逐水：expelling water retention by purgation和解表里：expelling water retention by purgation调和肝脾：harmonizing liver and spleen疏肝和胃：dispersing stagnated liver qi for regulating stomach调理肠胃：coordinating intestines and stomach调和气血：harmonizing qi and blood平调寒热：mildly regulating cold and heat温清并用：using warming and heat-clearing simultaneously清热泻火：clearing heat-fire清热凉血：clearing heat and cooling blood清热解毒：clearing heat-toxicity清泻虚热：clearing deficient heat清热泻肺：clearing heat and purging lung清热解暑：clearing summerheat祛暑解表：dispelling summerheat to relieve exterior syndrome疏肝解郁：dispersing stagnated liver qi for relieving qi stagnation理气和胃：regulating qi-flowing for harmonizing stomach和胃降逆：regulating stomach descending adverse qi活血化瘀：promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis舒筋活络：relieving rigidity of muscles and activating collaterals苦温燥湿：dispelling dampness with bitter and warm-natured drugs健脾化湿：invigorating spleen for eliminating dampness散寒除湿：dispelling cold and removing dampness利水消肿：inducing diuresis for removing edema除湿通络：eliminating dampness and dredging channels清热润燥：clearing heat and moistening dryness润肺化痰：moistening lung for removing phlegm滋阴润燥：nourishing yin for moistening dryness益气生血：benefiting qi for promoting production of blood补益肺气：replenishing and restoring lung qi补脾益肺：invigorating spleen for benefiting lung补血养心：replenishing blood for nourishing heart养血调经：nourishing blood for regulating menstruation滋阴清热：nourishing yin and clearing heat温补心阳：warmly invigorating heart yang补益精髓：strengthening and nourishing marrow and essence滋补肾精：replenishing kidney essence温阳散寒：warming yang for dispelling cold温经活血：warming channel and activating blood circulation疏散风邪：dispelling wind pathogens祛风解肌：dispelling pathogenic wind from muscles平肝息风：suppressing hyperactive liver for calming endogenous wind 柔肝息风：softening liver for calming endogenous wind息风解痉：relieving spasm by calming endogenous wind宣肺化痰：dispersing lung qi and dissipating phlegm祛痰化浊：eliminating phlegm and resolving turbidity散寒化饮：dispelling cold and resolving fluid retention祛痰宣痹：eliminating phlegm and dredging channel blockade芳香开窍：resuscitation with aromatics驱蛔杀虫：expelling and killing ascarid养血安神：nourishing blood for tranquillization消食化滞：resolving food stagnation消痞化积：relieving oppression and masses软坚散结：softening and resolving hard mass固表止汗：consolidating superficies for arresting sweating敛肺止咳：astringing lung for relieving cough涩肠止泻：relieving diarrhea with astringents益气摄精：benefiting qi for consolidating semen补肾安胎：tonifying kidney for preventing miscarriage缩尿止遗：reducing urination for preventing enuresis段落翻译：1 : 阴阳理论渗透于中医理论系统的各个方面。
医学英语单词汇编羊仔纯手打ComtentsUnit 1 Anatomyvascular 血管的adjbronchial 支气管的adjNutritive 营养的adjAlveolar 小气泡的adjAorta 主动脉nIntercostal 肋间的adjVentricle 心室nThebesian 特贝西乌斯的~~veins心最小静脉Shunt 使分流Hilum （复hila）门nPeriphery 外周，周围nArteriole 小动脉nCapillary 毛细血管nAtrium 心房nRetroperitoneal space 腹膜后隙Coronal 冠状的adjCortes 皮质nMedulla 髓质nCorticomedullary junction 皮髓质结合Apices 顶尖nPapilla 乳突nCalyx 盏nRenal 肾的adjRenal pelvis 肾盂nUreter 输尿管nNephron肾单位nGlomerulus 肾小球nParenchyma 实质nArcuate artery 弓状动脉n’Glomerula 肾小球的adjAfferent 传入的adjKidney 肾（英）Ren-【拉】（prefix）肾renal 肾的adjRenal duct 输尿管（ureter）Renal function test（=kidney function test）肾功能试验Renal calculus 肾结石Nephr（o）【希】（prefix）肾nephric 肾的adj（同renal）Nephric duct 肾管Nephritis肾炎n nephritic 肾炎的adjNephritic calculus 肾结石（同renal calculus）Heart 【英】心Cardi（o）-【希】（prefix）心cardiac-adj 心的Cardiac muscle 心肌Cardiac output 心输出量Cardioacceleratory 心动加速的adjLung 【英】肺Pulm（o）-【拉】（prefix）肺Pulmonary肺的adjPulmogram 肺部造影片nPulmonology 肺病学nCut【英】切（断）---tomy 【希】（suffix）切开术Oophorotomy 卵巢切开术，卵巢切除术nOtotomy 耳切开术nUrethrotomy 尿道切开术nUnit 2 PhysiologyHomeostatic 体内平衡的adjGeriatrics （做单数用的）老人病学nMetabolism 新陈代谢nHomeostasis 体内平衡nExtracellular （位于或发生于）细胞外的adjCollagen 胶原质nTendon 【解】腱Atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化症nElastin 弹性蛋白nGlucose 葡萄糖nMitosis 细胞的有丝分裂nRadical 【化】基（free radical 自由基，游离基）Selenium 硒nAntioxidant 抗氧化剂nBolster 支持vEnzyme 酶nSuperoxide 过氧化物nDismutase 歧化酶nEmbryo 胚胎nBad【英】不良，坏Dys-，dis-【拉】（prefix）坏的，有病的，困难的Dysfunction机能不良，功能紊乱Dysphonia 发声困难，言语障碍nDysgraphia 书写困难nAgainst 【英】对抗Anti-【希】（prefix）相反，反对，抵抗Antioxidant 抗氧化剂nAntibody 抗体nAntiallergic 抗变应性的Same【英】同，等Home（o），hom（o）-【希】（prefix）相同的Homeostasis体内平衡，稳态nHomeotherapy 同种疗法，顺势疗法n Homogeneity 同种，同质Swift【英】快捷Tachy-【希】（prefix）速，快速Tachycardia 心悸，心动过速nTachyphylaxis 快速免疫，快速脱敏，快速耐受Tachypnea 呼吸急促nTreatment【英】治疗-therapy【希】（suffix）治疗Electrotherapy电疗法nPhysiotherapy 物理疗法nChemotherapy 化学疗法nUnit3 BiochemistryTranscription 【生物学】转录，信使核糖核酸的形成Macromolecule巨大分子，高分子nIntrinsically 内在地（固有地，本征地，实质地）adv Replicate复制vAmino氨基的adjEncode 编码vtSickle-cell anemia镰状细胞血症Cystic胞囊的，膀胱的，胆囊的adjFibrosis纤维症nHemophilia 血友病nInhibitor抑止剂n Immunodeficiency 【生】免疫缺陷n Myocardial 【解】心肌的Infarction 梗塞nSchizophrenia精神分裂症nGene【英】基因Geno-【希】（prefix）基因Genohormone基因激素nGenome基因组nGenospecies基因型群nFiber【英】纤维Fibr-【拉】（prefix）纤维Fibrescope纤维内窥镜n Fibrillation纤维性颤动n Fibrinolysis纤维蛋白溶解n Bacteria【英】真菌，细菌Myc（o）【希】（prefix）真菌Mycetology 真菌学n Mycoplasma支原体，支原菌n Mycotoxicology真菌毒理学Muscle【英】（prefix）肌肉Myoalbumin肌清蛋白，肌白蛋白n Myoatrophy 肌萎缩nMyocardial 心肌的adjPain【英】痛-algia【希】（suffix）痛Neuralgia神经痛nUnit4 PathologyPathology 病理学，病理，病状Morphology 形态学nOutmoded 过时的，不时髦的adj Milieu周围nRamification 分叉，分裂，衍生物n Histopathology 组织病理学n Cytopathology 细胞病理学Haematology 血液学，血液病学nCellular （生）细胞的，细胞质（状）的Coagulable 可凝结的adjChromosome（生）染色体nToxicology 毒理学，毒物学Forensic 法医的，关于或应用法律程序的adj Congenital （指疾病等）生来的，先天的Inflammation （医）红肿，炎症nTumor 肿块，肿瘤nDegeneration（生）退化Appendicitis阑尾炎nAtheroma（pl.atheromas，atheromata）动脉粥样化n Systemic（生理）全身的Carcinoma （pl.carcinomas，carcinomata）癌n Synonymous （后面的于with 连用）同义的Be bereft of 丧失...，.剥夺....Disease【英】疾病Path（o）-【希】（prefix）病理，疾病Pathography 病情记录nPathogenesis 发病机制nPathomorphism病理形态学nColor【英】颜色Chromoblast 成色细胞nChromosomal mutation染色体突变Chromophototherapy色光疗法Nerve【英】神经Neur（o）-【希】（prefix）神经Neurobiology神经生物学nNeurocriculatory【解】神经（与）循环系统的adj Neurodermatitis【医】神经性皮炎Poison【英】毒素，毒Tox（o）-【希】（prefix）毒，毒素Toxoid类毒素nToxinemia毒血症nToxuria尿毒症nDisease【英】疾病-asis【希】（suffix）状态，情况（病的）Cholelithiasis胆石病nUnit5 ImmuologyHistologic组织学的Malabsorption 【医】（营养）吸收障碍，吸收不良nLymphocyte 淋巴球，淋巴细胞nLaminal 层的（薄层的，分层的，片状的，叠片的）Diarrhea 腹泻nEnteropathy 肠病【医】肠下垂Inflammatory 炎症性的adjEpithelial【生】上皮的adjVillous【解】绒毛的adjAtrophy【医】萎缩，萎缩症nCrypt 【解】腺窝，小囊nTubulin【生化】微管蛋白nCytotoxic【生】细胞毒素的Depolymerization【有化】解聚合作用nAntirheumatic 【医】治疗风湿药剂n...........治疗风湿病的，防风湿病的adj Ameliorate 改善，改进vDysfunction【医】机能不良，功能紊乱，官能障碍nCytokinesis（遗传）细胞质分裂nCrohn’s disease 克罗恩氏病，节段性回肠炎Bowel【英】肠Enter-【希】（prefix）肠Enteralgia肠痛nEnteritis肠炎nEnterectomy肠切除术nOver【英】上Epi-【希】（prefix）上Eparterial动脉上的adj（ep/i上+arterial动脉的）Epithelial【生】上皮的，【植】皮膜的adjEpidermitis 表皮炎nStomach【英】胃Gastro-,gastr-【希】（prefix）胃Gastritis胃炎nGastrin胃泌激素的adjGastrorrhea胃液分泌过多nGastrolith胃石nImmunity【英】免疫Immuni-，immun（o）-【希】（prefix）免疫Immunocompetence免疫活性nImmunocyte免疫细胞nImmunodeficiency免疫缺损nResect【英】切除-ectomy【希】（suffix）切除术Adenectomy腺切除术nOvariectomy卵巢切除术nSplenectomy脾切除术nUnit6 EpidemicsLeishmania donovani杜氏利什曼虫nPathogen【微生物】病菌，病原体nDetour 弯路nEpidemiolog流行病学nFeces粪，大便nSandfly 白蛉nDysentery痢疾nVisceral内脏的，影响内脏的adjLeishmaniasis 【医】利什曼病（尤指黑热病）Vector带菌者nTyphoid【医】伤寒症n.........伤寒的，斑疹伤寒症的adj Demarcation划界，限界nPlacental胎盘的，胎座的adjRespiratory呼吸的adjInside【英】内Intra-【拉】（prefix）内，在...之内Intra-appendicular阑尾内的adjIntra-arterial动脉内的adjIntra-cerebral小脑内的adjLung【英】肺Pneum（o）-【希】（prefix）呼吸，肺，气，肺炎Pneumocardial肺心的adjPneumocephalus颅腔积气nPneumococcosis肺炎球菌nBall-like grem【英】球菌-coccus，-cocci（pl.）【拉】（suffix）球菌Staphylococcus葡萄球菌nStreptococci链球菌nOrigin【英】原-gen【希】（suffix）原Antigen抗原nGlycogen糖原nPathogen病原体nRecord【英】描记-gram【希】（suffix）图，像，造影，记载Electrocardiogram心电图n Odontogram牙面描记图，齿纹n Tomogram断层造片nUnit7--PharmacologyAllergy变态反应，过敏反应nAntigen 抗原nSequester使隔绝，使分离vtLymphatic淋巴管nEffector效应物nSensitized致敏的adjPrecommitted前定向的adjPolyclonal多细胞的adjPrecursor先质，前体nSpecificity特异性nMosaic镶嵌体，嵌合体nSpectrum系列，范围nEpitope表位nHumoral体液的adjEnsue接着发生，结果产生viHapten半抗原nErythrocyte红细胞nDistortion扭转，变形nPropensity倾向，习性nOver 【英】高Hyper-【希】（prefix）过多，过度，超过Hyperadrenia肾上腺机能亢进n Hyperglycemia高血糖，血糖过多n Hyperlipidemia高脂血症，血脂过多n Many【英】多Poly-【希】（prefix）多，多数Polyclonal多细胞株的，多克隆的adj Polyase多糖酶，聚合酶n Polycythemia红细胞增多症nRed【英】红Erythr（o）-【希】（prefix）红Erythroblast成红细胞nErythromycin红霉素nErythropenia红细胞减少nCell【英】细胞-cyte【希】（suffix）细胞Acanthocyte棘红细胞nLeucocyte白细胞nLymphocyte淋巴细胞nStone【英】石头-lith【希】（suffix）石，结石Broncholith支气管石nCholelith胆石nUrolith尿（结）石nUnit8 DiagnosisAsymmetrical不均匀的，不对称的adjBradykinetic行动缓慢的adjIatrogenic由治疗引起的（指由医生的诊断、态度或医疗引起病人的臆测）；医原性的adj Postural姿势的，体位的adjBradykinesia运动徐缓nLevodopa左旋多巴nMalady疾病，不适nUnilateral一方的；单方的，一侧的，片面的，单向作用的；单系的（指父母或母系的一方）Prodromal前驱的，有前驱症状的adjCroticospinal皮质脊髓的adjCerebellar小脑的adjAtaxia混乱，无秩序；（肌肉的）运动失调，动作机能不协调adjStriatal纹状体的adjDystonic张力障碍的adjSubcutaneously皮下地advApomorphine阿扑吗啡（用做呕吐剂、祛痰剂的缩水吗啡）adjDopaminergic多巴胺能的adjDyskinesia运动困难nSlow【英】慢Brady-【希】（prefix）缓，慢，迟钝Bradyarrhythmia听觉迟钝nBradyarthria言语过缓nBradycardia心动过缓nLeft【英】左Lev（o）-【拉】（prefix）左，向左，左旋Levocardia左位心nLevodopa左旋多巴nLevoduction左旋眼nBefore【英】前Pro-【拉，希】（prefix）前，以前，前体（酶或激素的）Proaccelerin前加速素，前加速因子nProactivator前激活剂，激活剂原nProal向前运动的adjMove【英】运动Kinematics运动学，动力学nKineplastics运动成形切断术nKinesalgia肌动痛，运动痛nMass【英】肿块-oma【希】（suffix）瘤Cerebroma脑瘤nEpithelioma上皮瘤，上皮癌nHemangioma【医】血管瘤Unit9 NursingShaman黄教的道士；僧人；巫师nHippocrates希波克拉底（希腊的名医）Jerusalem耶路撒冷nHospitaler住院者nDistinguish区别，辨别vImbue使感染，使蒙受，浸透vMassage按摩n.vPeninsula半岛nLogistical后勤的adjHygiene卫生学，卫生nBarrack简陋房舍nOverhaul分解检查v.nMaternalistic显示母性的adjSuperintendent主管，负责人nAffordable支付得起adjMind【英】智力，精神，心理Psych-【希】（prefix）灵魂，精神，心智，呼吸Psychedelic产生幻觉的adjPsychiatry精神病学nPsychopath精神变态者nPsychotherapy心理疗法nYellow【英】黄色Xantho-【希】（prefix）黄色的Xanthoma黄色瘤nXanthopathia黄肤症nXanthoprotein黄色蛋白nXanthopsy黄视症nWater【英】水Hydr（o）-【希】（prefix）水，积液，氢Hydrogymnastic水中运动的adjHydroappendic阑尾积水adjHydrocholesterol氢化胆固醇adjSight【英】视觉Opt（o）-【希】（prefix）可见，视Optometer视力计，视力检定装置nOptometrist验光师，视力测定者nOptophone盲人光电阅读器nFistulization【英】造口术-ostomy【希】（suffix）造口术，造瘘术，吻合术n Cholecystoduodenostomy胆囊十二指肠吻合术n Gastrostomy胃造口术nNeocystostomy膀胱再造口术nUnit10 Internal MedicineLeukemia白血病nPathogenesis发病机制nBenzene苯nRelapse复发nAberration畸变nProliferation激增nMeningeal脑膜的adjPeripheral周围的adjCytopenia血球减少nAlkylating agent烷化剂nIntermittent间歇的，周期性的adjBloom syndrome布卢姆综合征Hematopoietic造血的adjFanconi’s anemia范氏贫血Myelogenous髓内生成的adjDown syndrome唐氏综合症Lymphoblastic成淋巴细胞的adj Cytogenetics细胞遗传学n Prognostically预后地advBlood【英】血Hemat（o）-，hemo-【希】（prefix）血Hematology血液学nHematocyte血细胞nHemotoxic血中毒的adjWhite【英】白Leukoderma白斑病n Leukoencephalitis白质脑炎nMarrow【英】骨髓Myel（o）-【希】（prefix）骨髓，脊髓Myeloid cell骨髓细胞n（同marrow cell）Myelogenous骨髓内形成的nMyelitis脊髓炎nAround【英】周围，环绕Peri-【希】（prefix）周，周围Peripheral外周的adjPeriarthristis of shoulder肩周炎n Pericardial effusion心包积液n Deficiency【英】不足，缺少-penia【希】（suffix）减少，缺乏Erythropenia红细胞减少nGlycopenia低血糖，血糖过少n Leukopenia白细胞减少nUnit11 SurgeryParasite寄生虫nPerforatiion穿孔nPeritonitis腹膜炎nConstipation便秘nRupture破裂n&vUrinalysis尿分析，验尿nNavel肚脐nAppendectomy阑尾切除手术nPus脓，脓汁nLaparoscopy腹腔镜检查nIncision切口nIrrigate冲洗vtComplication并发症nMortality死亡率nTwelve【英】十二Duoden（o）-【拉】（prefix）十二Duodenoscope十二指肠镜nDuodenum十二指肠nDuodenectomy十二指肠切除术nCancer【英】癌Cancri-，cancer（o）-【拉】carcin（o）-【希】（prefix）癌Carcriform癌样的adjCarcinogenesis致癌作用nCarcinophobia癌病恐怖nSeparate【英】分泌Secret-【希】（prefix）分泌Secretin分泌素nSecretion分泌物，分泌nSecretomotor促进分泌的nSpectacles【英】镜-scope，-scopy【希】（suffix）镜，镜检Endoscopy内镜检查术nHysteroscope宫腔镜nLaparoscopy腹腔镜检查nInflame【英】炎症-itis【希】（suffix）炎症Appendicitis阑尾炎，盲肠炎nHepatitis肝炎nPeritonitis腹膜炎nUnit12 Clinical LabExcrete排泄，分泌vtUrinary尿的，泌尿器的adjRenal threshold肾阈Deplete耗尽，使衰竭vtHypokalemia（=hypokaliemia）血钾过少，低血钾n Alkalemia【医】碱血症nInsulin胰岛素nParalysis瘫痪，麻痹nHyperkalemia【医】血钾过少，高钾nFamilial家族的，家庭的adjFamilial disease家族病Autosomal正染色体的，常染色体的adjDeplete of弄空vEtiology【医】病因学，病源论nDiuretic利尿剂n，利尿的adjMetabolic alkalosis代谢性碱中毒Renal tubular acidosis肾小管性酸中毒Acidosis酸液过多症，酸毒症nAlkalosis【医】碱血症Mineralocorticoid【生化】盐皮质激素nPlasma【解】血浆，乳浆nEfflux流出物；流出；（时间的）消逝nAcidemia【医】酸血症nHemolysis溶血nRhabdomyolysis【医】横纹肌溶解nPlatelet【解】血小板，小盘，小板nHeparinize【生化】肝素化（利用肝素延长血液凝固时间）nTourniquet止血带，压脉器nHemolyze<美>=haemolyze【生理】发生溶血，使（红细胞）溶解EDTA【化】乙二胺四乙酸Blood count血细胞计数nUnit13 Preventive MedicineCellular telephones手提电话nSubscriber（定购书刊或某些服务的）用户Microwave微波nAntenna天线nSubclinical亚临床的adjCarcinogenic致癌物的adjNonthermal非热的adjGenotoxic遗传毒的adjCase-control study病例对照研究Eligible合格的adjIntracranial颅内的adjGlioma胶质瘤nNeuroepitheliomatous神经上皮瘤的nMeningioma脑膜瘤nAcoustic听觉的，有关声音的adjNeuroma神经瘤nBattery pack 电池板，电池块nMicroscopically微生物的adjMagnetic resonance imaging（MRI）磁共振Behind【英】后Meta-【希】（prefix）后，后期Metachromosome后期染色体nMetaduodenum后十二指肠nMetainfective感染后的，传染后的adjHeat【英】热Thermal/thermo-【希】（prefix）热的Thermometer温度计nThermo-current热电流nThermo diffusions热扩散Hearing【英】听（觉）Acous-【希】（prefix）听（觉）的Acousma幻听，听幻觉nAcoustics声学nAcoustigram关节音图nJelly【英】胶质Gli/glio-【希】（prefix）胶质的Glineuroma胶质神经瘤nGliocyte胶质细胞nGliosarcoma胶质肉瘤nShape【英】成形-plasty【希】（suffix）成形术，整形术Osteoplasty骨整形术，骨成形术nGastroplasty胃成形术nEnteroplasty肠形成术nUnit14 Traditional Chinesse MedicineDelineate描···的外形，画···的轮廓，勾画，叙述，描写vt Acupuncture 针灸，刺针法nMystical=mystic神秘的，奥秘的adjPuncture穿孔；刺孔刺n，刺（扎，戳）穿vtConvulsion【常用复】惊厥nAllergic患过敏症的，过敏症的adjSterilize把···消毒，使无菌vtSmall【英】小Micro-【希】（prefix）微小的Microbe微生物，病菌nMicroorganism微生物nMicroscope显微镜nAgainst【英】对抗Contra-【拉】（prefix）反，防止Contraceptive devices避孕药具Contraception避孕，节育nContraindication禁忌症nBone【英】骨Oste（o）-【希】（prefix）骨Osteoarthritis骨关节炎nOsteoporosis骨质疏松nOsteoplast成骨细胞nEar【英】耳Auricul（o）-【拉】（prefix）耳，心房Auriculotherapy耳针疗法nAuriculoventricular房室的adjAuriculare耳道点nBleeding【英】出血-rhage，-rrhage，-rrhagia【希】（suffix）出血，流血；超量流溢Gastrorrhagia胃出血nHemorrhage出血，溢血nMetrorrhagia子宫出血nUnit15 Medical PsychologyHypothalamus丘脑下部，下丘脑nAdrenal肾上腺nGland腺nEpinephrine肾上腺素nAdrenaline肾上腺素nNorepinephrine去甲肾上腺素nPituitary垂体的adjCorticotrophin促肾上腺皮质素nAdrenocorticotropic促肾上腺皮质的adjCortisol皮质醇nBasolateral基底外侧的adjAmygdala扁桃体，杏仁体nLidocaine利多卡因nBeta blocker β阻滞剂Trauma创伤，外伤nCerebral ganglion【英】丘脑Thalamo-【希】（prefix）丘脑Thalamocortical丘脑皮质的nThalamomammillary丘脑乳头体的adjThalamotomy丘脑切开术nSugar【英】糖Gluco-【希】（prefix）甘，甜；葡萄糖Glucocorticoid糖（肾上腺）皮质激素n Glucopenia低血糖，血糖过少n Glucoproteinase糖蛋白酶nAdrenal body【英】肾上腺Adreno-【拉】（prefix）肾上腺Adrenocortical肾上腺皮质的adj Adrenocorticotropin促皮质素，促肾上腺皮质激素n Adrenotoxin肾上腺毒素nWound【英】创伤Traumato-【希】（prefix）创伤，外伤Traumatology创伤学nTraumatonesis创口缝术nTraumatotherapy创伤性疗法nHard【英】硬-sclerosis【希】（suffix）硬化Arteriosclerosis动脉硬化nCardiosclerosis心硬化nOsteosclerosis骨硬化，骨质过密nUnit16 Community Medical ServiceStatus quo现状nAnticipatory预料的，预想的adjTherapeutics治疗学，疗法nMaternity孕妇的，产妇的；产科的adj Downgrade下坡；退步vTier递升排列；层叠vRevitalize新生vDrug【英】药Pharmaco-【希】（prefix）药Pharmacodiagnosis药物诊断n Pharmacodynamic药效的adjPharmacopeia处方汇编；药典nMedical【英】医学的Iatr（o）-【希】（prefix）医学；医疗Iatrochemistry化学疗法nIatrophysics物理医学nIatrogenesis医原病发生nSeed【英】性，生殖Gon（o）-【希】（prefix）生殖，生殖器Gonoblast原生殖细胞nGonochorism雌雄异体nGonocoel生殖腔nUrine【英】尿-uria【希】（suffix）尿Glycosuria糖尿n Hematuria血尿症，血尿n Polyuria多尿症n。
绪论pathology 病理学etiology 病因学pathogenesis 发病学autopsy 尸体解剖biopsy 活组织检查karyopyknosis 核浓缩karyorrhexis 核碎裂karyolysis 核溶解细胞和组织的损伤hypertrophy 肥大hyperplasia 增生atrophy 萎缩metaplasia 化生degeneration 变性hemosiderin 含铁血黄素lipofuscin 脂褐素calcification 钙化necrosis 坏死coagulation necrosis 凝固性坏死caseous necrosis 干酪样坏死gangrene 坏疽apoptosis 凋亡organization 机化encapsulation 包裹损伤的修复regeneration 再生repair 修复permanent cell 永久性细胞granulation tissue 肉芽组织scar tissue 瘢痕组织keloid 瘢痕疙瘩wound healing 创伤愈合healing by first intention 一期愈合healing by second intention 二期愈合healing under scab 痂下愈合局部血液及体液循环障碍hyperemia 充血congestion 淤血heart failure cell 心力衰竭细胞haematoma 血肿petechia 淤点ecchymosis 瘀斑ischemia 缺血thrombosis 血栓形成pale thrombus 白色血栓red thrombus 红色血栓mixed thrombus 混合血栓hyalined thrombus 透明血栓enbolus 栓子embolism 栓塞decompression sickness 减压病amniotic fluid embolism 羊水栓塞anemic infarct 贫血性梗死hemorrhagic infarct 出血性梗死infarct 梗死炎症inflammation 炎症alteration 变质exudation 渗出proliferation 增生exudate 渗出液transudate 漏出液phagosome 吞噬体bacteremia 菌血症toxemia 毒血症septicemia 败血症pyemia 脓毒败血症chronic granulomatous imflammation 慢性肉芽肿性炎症epithelioid cell 类上皮细胞multinulcleared giant cell 多核巨细胞foreign body giant cell 异物巨细胞inflammatory polyp 炎性息肉inflammatory pseudotumor 炎性假瘤suppurative or purulent inflammation 化脓性炎phlegmonous inflammation 蜂窝织炎abscess 脓肿ulcer 溃疡sinus 窦道fistula 瘘管肿瘤tumor，neoplasm 肿瘤carcinoma in situ 原位癌atypia 异型性anaplasia 间变pleomorphism 多形性metastasis 转移medulloblastoma 髓母细胞瘤fibroma 纤维瘤adenoma 腺瘤carcinoma 癌sarcoma 肉瘤cancer 癌症carcinosarcoma 癌肉瘤papilloma 乳头状瘤cystademona 囊腺瘤fibroadenoma 纤维腺瘤squamous cell carcinoma 鳞状细胞癌keratin pearl 角化珠，癌珠basal cell carcinoma 基底细胞癌transitional cell carcinoma 移行细胞癌adenocarcinoma 腺癌mrcoid carcinoma 粘液癌signet-ring cell 印戒细胞dysplasia，atypical hyperplasia 非典型性增生lipoma 脂肪瘤hemangioma 血管瘤leiomyoma 平滑肌瘤osteoma 骨瘤fibrosarcoma 纤维肉瘤osteosarcoma 骨肉瘤melanoma 黑色素瘤teratoma 畸胎瘤心血管疾病atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化atheroma 粥瘤foam cell 泡沫细胞benign hypertension 良性高血压malignant hypertension 恶性高血压aneurysm 动脉瘤rheumatism 风湿病Anitschkow cell 阿尼契科夫细胞Aschoff body 阿叔夫小体Aschoff giant cell 阿叔夫巨细胞rheumatic endocarditis 风湿性心内膜炎verrucous vegetation 疣状赘生物concentric hypertrophy 向心性肥大McCallum's plaque 马氏斑rheumatic myocarditis 风湿性心肌炎rheumatic pericarditis 风湿性心包炎subacute infective endocarditis 亚急性感染性心内膜炎valvular insufficiency 瓣膜关闭不全valvular stenosis 瓣膜口狭窄coronary heart disease 冠状动脉性心脏病myocardial infraction 心肌梗死mural thrombosis 附壁血栓形成primary cardomyopathy 原发性心脏病myocarditis 心肌炎pericarditis 心包炎呼吸系统chronic bronchitis 慢性支气管炎asthma bronchiale 支气管哮喘bronchiectasis 支气管扩张症chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 慢性阻塞性肺病emphysema 肺气肿cor pulmonale 肺源性心脏病lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎carnification 肺肉质变lobular pneumonia 小叶性肺炎bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎pneumoconiosis 尘肺silicosis 矽肺bronchial carcinoma 支气管癌oat cell carcinoma 燕麦细胞癌nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌消化系统carcinoma of esophagus 食管癌gastritis 胃炎chronic superficial gastritis 慢性浅表性胃炎erosion 糜烂carcinoma of stomach 胃癌polypoid of fungating type 息肉型或蕈伞形ulcerative type 溃疡型infiltrating type 浸润型linitis plastica 革囊胃appendicitis 阑尾炎mucocele 粘液囊肿polyp 息肉familial polyposis 家族性息肉病carcinoma of large intestine 大肠癌carcinoid 类癌viral hepatitis 病毒性肝炎ballooning degeneration 气球样变acidophilic body 嗜酸性小体chronic persistent hepatitis 慢性持续性肝炎chronic active hepatitis 慢性活动性肝炎piecemeal necrosis 碎片状坏死bridging necrosis 桥接坏死liver cirrhosis 肝硬变portal cirrhosis 门脉性肝硬变postnecrotic cirrhosis 坏死后性肝硬变biliary cirrhosis 胆汁性肝硬变泌尿系统glomerulonephritis 肾小球肾炎crescent 新月体diffuse endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis 弥漫性毛细血管内增生性肾小球肾炎diffuse crescentic glomerulonephritis 弥漫性新月体性肾小球肾炎diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis nephrotic syndrome 肾病综合症membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis 膜性增生性肾小球肾炎minimal change glomerulonephritis 轻微病变性肾小球肾炎Goodpasture's syndrome 肺出血肾炎综合症diffuse mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis 弥漫性系膜增生性肾小球肾炎diffuse sclerosing glomerulonephritis 弥漫性硬化性肾小球肾炎granular contracted kidney 颗粒性固缩肾uremia 尿毒症pyelonephritis 肾盂肾炎nephroblastoma(wilm's tumor) 肾母细胞瘤hydronephrosis 肾盂积水神经系统meningitis 脑膜炎poliomyelitis 脊髓灰质炎epidemic encephalitis B 流行性乙型脑炎传染病tuberculosis 结核病tubercle 结核结节epithelioid cell 类上皮细胞primary complex 原发综合症tuberculoma 结核瘤typhoid fever 伤寒bacillary dysentery 细菌性痢疾syphilis 梅毒gumma 树胶肿寄生虫病amoebiasis 阿米巴病amoeboma 阿米巴肿amoebic dysentery 阿米巴痢疾schistosomiasis 血吸虫病schistosma japanicum 日本血吸虫pipe stem cirrhosis 干线型或管道型肝硬变。
病理学教材部分英文专业词汇一、组织适应、损伤与修复1 squamous metaplasia 鳞状上皮化生某些上皮常见于柱状上皮(如气管和支气管粘膜的腺上皮)、移行上皮等化生为鳞状上皮，称为鳞状上皮化生。
2 fatty degeneration 脂肪变性在缺氧或中毒或代谢障碍的情况下表现为实质细胞内脂肪的异常积累，表现为细胞质内出现或大或小的脂滴，常见于肝脏，也可见于心肌、肾脏等，轻度病变可逆。
3coagulation necrosis 凝固性坏死指坏死组织尚保留原有组织的细胞轮廓，呈灰白、干燥的凝固状。
称凝固性坏死。
4caseous necrosis 干酪样坏死是特殊类型的凝固性坏死，肉眼观微黄，质松软、细腻，状似干酪而得名，常见于结核病，镜下：原有的组织结构完全崩解破坏，呈现一片无定形、颗粒状的红染物。
5fibrinoid necrosis 纤维素样坏死发生在纤维结缔组织和血管壁，是变态反应性疾病（风湿病，类风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、结节性多动脉炎）和急进型高血压的特征性病变。
镜下，坏死组织呈细丝、颗粒状的红染的有折光性的无结构物质，由于其染色性与纤维素（纤维蛋白）相似，故而得名。
6gangrene 坏疽继发有腐败菌感染的大块组织坏死，常发生在肢体或与外界相通的内脏。
7 gas gangrene 气性坏疽指深达肌肉的开放性创伤合并产气荚膜杆菌等厌氧菌感染所致，除组织发生坏死外，还产生大量气体，病区肿胀，棕黑色，伴奇臭，按之有捻发感，全身中毒症状重。
8 organization 机化由肉芽组织代替坏死组织、纤维素性渗出物、浓缩的脓液、组织内血肿和血栓等无生机物质的过程，称为机化。
9 granulation tissue 肉芽组织由新生薄壁的毛细血管以及增生的纤维母细胞构成，并伴有炎性细胞侵润，肉眼表现为鲜红色、颗粒状、柔软湿润形似鲜嫩的肉芽故而得名。
10 regeneration 再生组织和细胞损伤后，周围存活的细胞进行增殖，以实现修复的过程称为再生二、局部血液循环障碍11arterial hyperemia动脉性充血器官或组织因动脉输入血量的增多而发生的充血，称动脉性充血，主要表现为局部或器官小动脉和毛细血管扩张，血液输入量增加。
*12 brown duration 肺褐色硬化长期慢性肺淤血引起肺间质网状纤维胶原化和纤维结缔组织增生，加之大量含铁血黄素的沉积使肺组织变硬并呈棕褐色，故称肺褐色硬化13 pale thrombi 白色血栓指多发生于血流较快的心瓣膜、心腔内、动脉内或静脉性血栓的起始部即形成延续性血栓头部。
肉眼观：血栓呈灰白色小结节，表面粗糙质实，与血管壁粘连紧密。
镜下，主要为血小板及少量纤维素组成。
14 thromboembolism 血栓栓塞由血栓或血栓的一部分脱落引起的栓塞，是栓塞最常见的原因。
15 gas embolism 气体栓塞大量空气迅速进入血液循环或原溶于血液内的气体迅速游离，形成气泡阻塞心血管。
16 Amniotic fluid embolism羊水栓塞在分娩过程中，羊水进入子宫壁破裂的静脉窦内，经血液循环进入肺动脉分支、小动脉及毛细血管引起的栓塞。
镜下观察在肺的小动脉和毛细血管内见到角化鳞状上皮、胎毛、胎脂、胎粪和粘液等羊水成分。
17 retrograde embolism 逆行性栓塞下腔静脉内血栓在极为罕见的情况下，由于胸、腹压突然升高（如咳嗽或深呼吸）。
使血栓一时性逆流至肝、肾、髂静脉分支并引起栓塞。
18 infarction梗死器官或局部组织由于血管阻塞、血流停止导致缺氧而发生的坏死，称为梗死三、炎症19 Inflammation 炎症是有血管的活体组织对损伤因子所发生的复杂的以防御为主的反应。
20 exudation 渗出是炎症的特征性变化，炎症局部组织血管内的液体成分、纤维素等蛋白质和各种炎症细胞通过血管壁进入组织、体腔、体表和粘膜表面的过程叫……。
21 chemotaxis 趋化作用白细胞延化学物质浓度梯度向着化学刺激物做定向移动。
22 Inflammatory mediator 炎症介质指炎症反应过程中，由细胞产生的或来自血浆的化学因子，它的主要作用是介导炎症反应。
23 suppurative or purulent inflammation 化脓性炎指以中性粒细胞渗出为主，并有不同程度组织坏死和脓液形成的炎症，主要由化脓菌感染引起根据病因和发生部位不同，可分为表面化脓和积脓、蜂窝织炎、脓肿。
24 sinus 窦道仅一端与皮肤或粘膜相通，而另一端为盲端的病理性管道。
25 fistula 瘘管深部组织坏死后形成的连接皮肤与空腔器官，或连接两个空腔脏器的两端开口的病理性管道。
26 opsonization 调理素化调理素(如抗体IgG和补体C3b)包裹微生物的过程，称为调理素化。
27 pseudomembrane 假膜发生于粘膜的纤维素性炎（白喉、菌痢），渗出的纤维素、白细胞、坏死的粘膜组织和病原菌在粘膜表面可形成伪膜，亦称假膜。
28 septicemia 败血症细菌由局部病灶进入血后，不仅没有被清除，而且还大量繁殖，并产生毒素，引起全身中毒症状和病理变化，称为败血症。
29 pyemia 脓毒血症化脓菌引起的败血症可进一步发展为脓毒败血症，除了有败血症的表现外，可在全身一些器官中出现多发性栓塞脓肿或称转移性脓肿。
30 granulomatous inflammation 肉芽肿性炎以肉芽肿形成为特点的特殊慢性炎症。
肉芽肿是由巨噬细胞及其衍生细胞局部增生构成的境界清除的结节状病灶，其中激活的巨噬细胞常成上皮样形态。
四、肿瘤31 tumor 肿瘤是指机体在各种致瘤因素作用下，局部组织的细胞在基因水平上失去了对其生长的正常调控，导致异常克隆性增生而形成的新生物，多数肿瘤表现为肿块。
32 atypia 异型性肿瘤细胞与组织不仅在细胞形态上，而且在组织结构上，都与其来源的正常细胞和组织有不同程度的差异，这种差异称为异型性。
33 carcinoma 癌来源于上皮组织的恶性肿瘤统称为癌。
34 sarcoma 肉瘤由间叶组织（包括纤维结缔组织、脂肪、肌肉、脉管、骨、软骨组织等）发生的恶性肿瘤。
35 cancer 癌症泛指所有的恶性肿瘤，包括癌、肉瘤和其他特殊命名的恶性肿瘤。
36 direct spread 直接蔓延随着恶性肿瘤的不断长大，肿瘤组织可以连续的沿着组织间隙、淋巴管、血道或神经束衣侵袭，破坏邻近正常组织或器官，并继续生长，称为直接蔓延。
37 lymphatic metastasis 淋巴道转移是癌细胞转移的主要途径，途径：瘤细胞→局部淋巴结→下一站淋巴结→胸导管→血流→血道转移。
癌细胞首先位于淋巴结的边缘窦。
38 hematogeneous metastasis 血道转移瘤细胞侵入血管后可随血流到达远隔器官继续生长，形成转移瘤，这种转移方式称为血道转移。
39 Krudenberg tumor Krudenberg 瘤体腔内器官的恶性肿瘤蔓延至浆膜表面时，瘤细胞可脱落，种植性转移在卵巢表面形成的转移瘤。
40 Burkitt lymphoma Burkitt淋巴瘤是淋巴滤泡生发中心细胞来源的高侵袭性B细胞肿瘤。
五、心血管系统疾病41 Aschoff cell 阿少夫细胞（风湿细胞）在心肌间质、心内膜下及皮下结缔组织等处，胶原纤维发生纤维素样坏死，附近的组织细胞增生聚集，吞噬纤维素样坏死物，使胞体变形转变而成。
42Cor villosum 绒毛心风湿性心外膜炎时，大量纤维素渗出于心外膜表面，由于心脏的不停搏动牵拉而形成绒毛状，称为绒毛心。
43primary granular atrophy of the kidney 原发性颗粒性固缩肾高血压病时，由于肾入球小动脉和肌型小动脉硬化，致使受累肾单位因缺血而萎缩，纤维化，同时相对正常肾单位代偿性肥大，这些改变肾脏肉眼体积缩小，质地变硬，表面呈弥漫均匀细颗粒状，称为原发性颗粒性固缩肾。
44 subendocardial myocardial infarction 心内膜下心肌梗死指冠状动脉供血急剧减少或中断致使心肌梗死时，梗死仅累积心室壁内侧1/3的心肌，并波及肉柱和乳头肌，多表现为多发性、小灶性坏死。
45 encephalomalacia 脑软化也叫脑梗死，是由于脑的细小动脉硬化和痉挛，使供血区脑组织因缺血而发生坏死，坏死组织溶解液化，形成质地松软的筛网状病灶，常为多发及微小的，故称微梗死灶。
六、呼吸系统疾病46 lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎主要是由肺炎链球菌引起的急性弥漫性纤维素性炎症，病变起始于局部肺泡，并迅速蔓延累计一个肺段或整个大叶，故此得名。
47 lobular pneumonia 小叶性肺炎以肺小叶为单位的急性化脓性炎症。
多起始于细支气管，并向其周围所属肺组织蔓延。
48 pulmonary emphysema 肺气肿是指呼吸性细支气管、肺泡管、肺泡囊、肺泡因肺组织弹性减弱而过度充气，成永久性扩张，并伴有肺泡间隔破坏，致使肺容积增大、功能降低的一种病理状态。
49 early lung cancer 早期肺癌日本肺癌学会将癌块直径<2cm，并局限于肺内的管内型和管壁侵润型肺癌称为早期肺癌。
50 Occult lung cancer 隐形肺癌指痰细胞学检查癌细胞阳性，临床和X线检查为阴性，手术切除标本经病理学检查证实为支气管粘膜原位癌或早期侵润癌，而无淋巴结转移的肺癌。
51 tubercle 结核结节由上皮细胞、Langhans巨细胞加上外周局部聚集的淋巴细胞和少量反应性增生的纤维母细胞构成的结节状病变。
典型结节中央有干酪样坏死。
52 tuberculoma 结核球又称结核瘤，指孤立的有纤维包裹的境界分明的球形干酪样坏死灶，直径2~5cm。
七、消化系统疾病53 advanced gastric carcinoma 进展期胃癌胃癌侵润超过粘膜下层到达肌层或更深者称为进展期胃癌，（肉眼：息肉型或蕈伞型、溃疡型、侵润型）。
54 pseudolobule 假小叶肝硬化时，正常肝小叶结构被破坏，肝实质被增生的纤维结缔组织分割包绕成大小不等的肝细胞团，其中可见变性、坏死及再生的肝细胞，中央静脉确如、偏位、或二个以上。
这种不同于正常肝小叶的结构称为假小叶。
55 spotty necrosis 点状坏死病毒性肝炎时，单个或几个肝细胞发生溶解性坏死伴有局部炎症细胞侵润，称为点状坏死。
56 piecemeal necrosis 碎片状坏死病毒性肝炎时，肝小叶界板肝细胞呈带片状或灶状连接的溶解坏死，界板呈虫蚀状缺损，慢性炎症细胞浸润。
常见于慢性肝炎。
