2019年6月大学英语四级阅读练习题：大学的生存

2019年6月大学生英语四级真题试题Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easyon the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it.You should writeat least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section AAn office tower on Miller Street in Manchester is completely covered in solarpanels. They are used to create some of the energy used by the insurancecompany inside. When the tower was first (26)_______ in 1962，it was covered with thin square stones. These small square stones became a problem for thebuilding and continued to fall off the face for 40 years until a major renovationwas (27)_______. During this renovation the building 's owners, CIS，(28)_______the solar panel company, Solarcentury. They agreed to cover theentire building in solar panels. In 2004，the completed CIS tower becameEurope 's largest (29)_______ of vertical solar panels. A vertical solar project onsuch a large (30)_______has never been repeated since.Covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been done before, and theCIS tower was chosen as one of the “10 best green energy projects”. For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the UnitedKingdom, but it was (31)_______overtaken by the Millbank Tower.Green buildings like this aren 't (32)_______ cost-efficient for the investor, butit does produce much less pollution than that caused by energy (33)_______ through fossil fuels. As solar panels get (34)_______，the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels，collecting energy much like trees do. Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn 't a raceof (35)_______，but rather one to collect the most solar energy.A) cheaperB) cleanerC) collectionD) competedE) constructedF) consultedG) dimensionH) discoveredI) eventuallyJ) heightK) necessarilyL) productionM) rangeN) scaleO) undertakenSection BAs Tourists Crowd Out Locals, Venice Faces “Endangered”List[A] On a recent fall morning, a large crowd blocked the steps at one ofVenice's main tourist sites, the Rialto Bridge. The Rialto Bridge is one of thefour bridges spanning the Grand Canal. It is the oldest bridge across the canal,and was the dividing line between the districts of San Marco and San Polo. Buton this day, there was a twist：it was filled with Venetians, not tourists.[B ] “People are cheering and holding their carts in the air, says GiovanniGiorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organizationcalled Generazione ’90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian. “It started as a joke,”he says with a laugh. “The idea was to put blades on the wheels! You know? Like Ben Hur. Precisely likethat, you just go around and run people down. ''[C] Venice is one of the hottest tourist destinations in the world. But that's aproblem. Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55 ,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is onekey reason the city's population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s. Theoutnumbered Venetians have been steadily fleeing. And those who stickaround are tired of living in a place where they can 't even get to the marketwithout swimming through a sea of picture-snapping tourists. Imagine,navigating through 50,000 people while on the way to school or to work.[D ] Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and nationalgovernments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades,because they 're only interested in tourism—the primary industry in Venice,worth more than $3 billion in 2015. “Venice is a cash cow,”she says, “and everyone wants a piece. ''[E]Just beyond St. Mark’s Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds everyyear that appear over their medieval (中世纪的）surroundings. Their massivewake creats waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of thecenturies-old buildings themselves. “Every time I see a cruise ship, I feelsad,”Chigi says. “You see the mud it drags；the destruction it leaves in its wake? That hurts the ancient wooden poles holding up the city underwater.One day we '11 see Venice break down.”[F]For a time, UNESCO, the cultural wing of the United Nations, seemed toagree. Two years ago, it put Italy on notice, saying the government was notprotecting Venice. UNESCO considers the entire city a World Heritage Site, agreat honor that means Venice, at the cultural level, belongs to all of theworld's people. In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice, sflourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list—World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed bythe war in Syria.[G]Venice's deadline passed with barely a murmur (嘟哝)this summer, just as UNESCO was meeting in Istanbul. Only one representative, Jad Tabet fromLebanon, tried to raise the issue. “For several years, the situation of heritagein Venice has been worsening, and it has now reached a dramatic situation,”Tabet told UNESCO. “We have to act quickly, there is not a moment to waste.''[H]But UNESCO didn't even hold a vote. “It's been postponed until 2017，''says Anna Somers, the founder and CEO of The Art Newspaper and theformer head of Venice in Peril, a group devoted to restoring Venetian art. Shesays the main reason the U. N. cultural organization didn 't vote to declareVenice a World Heritage Site In Danger is because UNESCO has become“intensely politicized. There would have been some back-roomnegotiations.[I]Italy boasts more UNESCO World Heritage Sites than any other country inthe world, granting it considerable power and influence within theorganization. The former head of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, whichoversees heritage sites, is Francesco Bandarin, a Venetian who now serves asUNESCO's assistant director-general for culture.[J]Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a taskforce of police art detectives and archaeologists (考古学家）to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS. The accordunderlined Italy 's global reputation as a good steward of art and culture.[K]But adding Venice to the UNESCO endangered list—which is dominated by sites in developing and conflict-ridden countries—would be an internationalembarrassment, and could even hurt Italy 's profitable tourism industry. TheItalian Culture Ministry says it is unaware of any government efforts topressure UNESCO. As for the organization itself, it declined a request for aninterview.[L] The city 's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told itto mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry,which employs 5,000 Venice residents.[M]As for Venetians, they're beyond frustrated and hoping for a solution soon.“It's a nightmare for me. Some situations are really difficult with touristsaround，”says Giorgio as he navigates around a swelling crowd at the RialtoBridge. “There are just so many of them. They never know where they aregoing, and do not walk in an orderly manner. Navigating the streets can beexhausting. ”[N]Then it hits him: This crowd isn’t made up of tourists. They're Venetians. Giorgio says he’s never experienced the Rialto Bridge this way in all his 22years. “For once, we are the ones who are blocking the traffic，”he says delightedly. “It feels unreal. It feels like we 're some form of endangeredspecies. It's just nice. The feeling is just pure. n But, he worries, if tourism isn'tmanaged and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, hisgeneration might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.36. The passing cruise ships will undermine the foundations of the ancient buildings in Venice.37. The Italian government has just reached an agreement with UNESCO to take measures to protect its cultural heritage.38. The heritage situation in Venice has been deteriorating in the past few years.39. The decrease in the number of permanent residents in Venice is mainly due to the increase of tourists.40. If tourism gets out of control, native Venetians may desert the city altogether one day.41. UNESCO urged the Italian government to undertake its responsibility to protect Venice.42. The participants in the Venetian march used shopping carts to show they were 100% local residents.43. Ignoring UNESCO 's warning, the mayor of Venice maintains his support of the city 's tourism industry.44. One woman says that for decades the Italian government and local authorities have only focused on the revenues from tourism.45. UNESCO has not yet decided to put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger.Section CPassage OneLosing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk ofdementia (痴呆症)increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn't worry.There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-relatedmemory loss.After age 50，it's quite common to have trouble remembering the names ofpeople, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham andWomen's Hospital in Boston.The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especiallyareas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning.Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions ofthe brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing toworry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don't remember evenseeing it, that's far more concerning, Daffner says.When you forget entire experiences, he says, that's “a red flag that something more serious may be involved”. Forgetting how to operate a familiar objectlike a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friendyou've visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn't panic. There are many thingsthat can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems liketemporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, ordepression, as well as medications (药物)like antidepressants.You don't have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to yourdoctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that couldbe affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try toprevent it by building up your brain's cognitive (认知的）reserve, Daffner says. “Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force oneto think in novel ways,”he says. In other words, keep your brain busy andworking. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brainbooster.46. Why does the author say that one needn't be concerned about memoryslips?A) Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.B) They occur only among certain groups of people.C) Not all of them are related to one's age.D) They are quite common among fifty-year-olds.47. What happens as we become aged according to the passage?A) Our interaction skills deteriorate.B) Some parts of our brain stop functioning.C) Communication within our brain weakens.D) Our whole brain starts shrinking.48. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously?A) Totally forgetting how to do one's daily routines.B) Inability to recall details of one's life experiences.C) Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.D) Occasionally confusing the addresses of one's friends.49. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?A) Check the brain's cognitive reserve.B) Stop medications affecting memory.C) Turn to a professional for assistance.D) Exercise to improve their well-being.50. What is Dr. Daffner's advice for combating memory loss?A) Having regular physical and mental checkups.B) Taking medicine that helps boost one's brain.C) Engaging in known memory repair activities.D) Staying active both physically and mentally.Passage TwoA letter written by Charles Darwin in 1875 has been returned to theSmithsonian Institution Archives (档案馆）by the FBI after being stolen twice.“We realized in the mid-1970s that it was missing，”says Effie Kapsalis, headof the Smithsonian Institution Archives. “It was noted as missing and likelytaken by an intern (实习生），from what the FBI is telling us. Word got out thatit was missing when someone asked to see the letter for research purposes,”and the intern put the letter back. “The intern likely took the letter again oncenobody was watching it. ”Decades passed. Finally, the FBI received a tip that the stolen document waslocated very close to Washington, D. C. Their art crime team recovered theletter but were unable to press charges because the time of limitations hadended. The FBI worked closely with the Archives to determine that the letterwas both authentic and definitely Smithsonian 's property.The letter was written by Darwin to thank an American geologist, Dr.Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden, for sending him copies of his research into thegeology of the region that would become Yellowstone National Park.The letter is in fairly good condition，in spite of being out of the care of trainedmuseum staff for so long. “It was luckily in good shape, ''says Kapsalis. “and we just have to do some minor things in order to be able to unfold it. It hassome glue on it that has colored it slightly, but nothing that will prevent usfrom using it. After it is repaired, we will take digital photos of it and that w ill be available online. One of our goals is to get items of high research value orinterest to the public online. ”It would now be difficult for an intern, visitor or a thief to steal a documentlike this. “Archiving practices have changed greatly since the 1970s，''says Kapsalis, “and we keep our high value documents in a safe that I don't evenhave access to. ''51. What happened to Darwin's letter in the 1970s?A) It was recovered by the FBI.B) It was stolen more than once.C) It was put in the archives for research purposes.D) It was purchased by the Smithsonian Archives.52. What did the FBI do after the recovery of the letter?A) They proved its authenticity.B) They kept it in a special safe.C) They arrested the suspect immediately.D) They pressed criminal charges in vain.53. What is Darwin's letter about?A) The evolution of Yellowstone National Park.B) His cooperation with an American geologist.C) Some geological evidence supporting his theory.D) His acknowledgement of help from a professional.54. What will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do with the letter according to Kapsalis?A) Reserve it for research purposes only.B) Turn it into an object of high interest.C) Keep it a permanent secret.D) Make it available online.55. What has the past half century witnessed according to Kapsalis?A) Growing interest in rare art objects.B) Radical changes in archiving practices.C) Recovery of various missing documents.D) Increases in the value of museum exhibits.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)近年来，中国有越来越多的城市开始建设地铁。

2019年6月英语四级阅读练习及答案(一)Real policemen hardly recognize any resemblance betweentheir lives and what they see on TV —if they everget home in time. There are similarities, of course, but the cops don’t think much of them.The first difference is that a policeman’s real life revolves round the law. Most of his training is in criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to knowas a professional lawyer, and what is more, he has to applyit on his feet, in the dark and rain, running down an alley after someone he wants to talk to.Little of his time is spent in chatting to scantily-clad (穿衣不多的) ladies or in dramatic confrontationswith desperate criminals. He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty —or not —of stupid, petty crimes.Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal：as soon as he’s arrested, the story is over. i real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks — where failure to produce results reflects on the standing of the police —little effortis spent on searching.Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do thathe often hasto gather a lot of different evidence. So, as well as being overworked, a detective has to beout at all hours of the dayand night interviewing his witnesses and persuade themusually against their own best interests, to help him.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question：1.The first sentence implies that ________.A.the life of the real policemen and that of the policemen on TV are entirely differentB.the real policemen will find the similarities if they can get home in timeC.the real policemen seldom can get home in time to watch TVD.the policemen shown on TV can always get home in time2.It is essential for a policeman to be trained in criminal law _____.A.so that he can catch criminals in the streetsB.because many of the criminals he has to catch are dangerousC.so that he can justify his arrests in courtD.because he has to know nearly as much about law as a professional lawyer3.The everyday life of a policeman or detective is ______.A.exciting and glamorousB. full of dangerC.devoted mostly to routine mattersD. wasted on unimportant matters4.When murders and terrorist attacks occur,thepolice______.A.prefer to wait for the criminal to give himself awayB.make great efforts to try to track down their manC.try to make a quick arrest in order to keep up their reputationually fail to produce results5.What’s the best title for the passage?A.Policemen and DetectiveB.Policemen’s Life-Fun and FantasyC.The Real Life of a PolicemanD.Drama and Reality1.[C] 推理判断题。

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2019年6月大学英语四级长篇阅读练习题12篇Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with tenstatements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one ofthe paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information isderived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with aletter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.A University Degree No Longer Confers Financial Securitylions of school-leavers in the rich world are about to bid a tearfulgoodbye to their parents and start a new life at university. Some are inspiredby a pure love of learning. But most also believe that spending three or fouryears at university--and accumulating huge debts in the process--will boosttheir chances of landing a well-paid and secure job.B.Their elders have always told them that education is the best way toequip themselves to thrive in a globalised world. Blue-collar workers will seetheir jobs outsourced and automated, the familiar argument goes. School dropoutswill have to cope with a life of cash-strapped (资金紧张的) insecurity. But thegraduate elite will have the world at its feet. There is some evidence tosupport this view. A recent study from Georgetown University's Centre onEducation and the Workforce argues that"obtaining apost-secondary credential (证书) is almost always worth it." Educational qualifications are tightlycorrelated with earnings: an American with a professional degree can expect topocket $3.6m over a lifetime; one with merely a high- school diploma can expectonly $1.3m. The gap between more- and less-educated earners may be widening. Astudy in 2002 found that someone with a bachelor's degree could expect to earn75% more over a lifetime than someone with only ahigh-school diploma. Today thedisparity is even greater.C.But is the past a reliable guide to the future Or are we at thebeginning of a new phase in the relationship between jobs and education Thereare good reasons for thinking that old patterns are about to change--and thatthe current recession-driven downturn (衰退) in the demand for Western graduateswill morph (改变) into something structural. The strong wind of creativedestruction that has shaken so many blue-collar workers over the past fewdecades is beginning to shake the cognitive elite as well.D.The supply of university graduates is increasing rapidly. The Chronicleof Higher Education calculates that between 1990 and 2007 the number of studentsgoing to university increased by 22% in North America, 74% in Europe, 144% inLatin America and 203% in Asia. In 2007 150m people attended university aroundthe world, including 70m in Asia. Emerging economies—specially China--arepouring resources into building universities that can compete with the elite ofAmerica and Europe. They are also producing professional- services firms snch asT ata Consulting Services and Infosys that take fresh graduates and turn theminto world-class computer programmers and consultants. The best and thebrightest of the rich world must increasingly compete with the best and thebrightest from poorer countries who are willing to work harder for lessmoney.E. At the same time, the demand for educated labor is being reconfigured(重新配置) by technology, in much the same way that the demand for agriculturallabor was reconfigured in the 19th century and that for factory labor in the20th. Computers can not only perform repetitive mental tasks much faster thanhuman beings. They can also empower amateurs to do what professionals once did:why hire a flesh-and-blood accountant to complete your tax return when Turbotax(a software package ) will do the job at a fraction of the cost And the varietyof jobs that computers can do is multiplying as programmers teach them to dealwith tone and linguistic ambiguity.F.Several economists, including Paul Krugman, have begun to argue thatpost-industrial societies will be characterized not by a relentless rise indemand for the educated but by a great "hollowing out", as mid-level jobs aredestroyed by smart machines and high-level job growth slows. David Autor, of theMassachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), points out that the main effect ofautomation in the computer era is not that it destroysblue-collar jobs but thatit destroys any job that can be reduced to a routine. Alan Blinder of PrincetonUniversity, argues that the jobs graduates have traditionally performed are ifanything more "offshorable" than low-wage ones. A plumber or lorry-driver's jobcannot be outsourced to India. A computer programmer's can.G. A university education is still a prerequisite for entering some of thegreat industries, such as medicine, law and academia (学术界), that provide secureand well-paying jobs. Over the 20th century these industries did a wonderful jobof raising barriers to entry--sometimes for good reasons (nobody wants to beoperated on by a barber) and sometimes for self-interested ones. But theseindustries are beginning to bend the roles. Newspapers are fighting a losingbattle with the blogosphere. Universities are replacing tenure-track professorswith non-tenured staff. Law firms are contracting out routine work suchas"discovery" (digging up documents relevant to a lawsuit) to computerized-search specialists such as Blackstone Discovery. Even doctors arethreatened, as patients find advice online and treatment in Walmart's new healthcenters.H.Thomas Malone of MIT argues that thesechanges--automation, globalizafionand deregulation--may be part of a bigger change: the application of thedivision of labor to brain-work. Adam Smith's factory managers broke theproduction of pins into 18 components. In the same way, companies areincreasingly breaking the production of brain-work into ever tinier slices.TopCoder chops up IT projects into bite-sized chunks and then serves them up toa worldwide workforce of freelance coders.I.These changes will undoubtedly improve the productivity of brain-workers.They will allow consumers to sidestep (规避) the professional industries thathave extracted high rents for their services. And they will empower manybrain-workers to focus on what they are best at and contract out more tedioustasks to others. But the reconfiguration of brain-work will also make life farless cozy and predictable for the next generation of graduates.46. The creative destruction that has happened to blue-collar workers inthe past also starts to affect the cognitive elite.47. For the next generation of graduates, life will be far less comfortableand predictable with brain-work reconfigured.48. After computers are taught by programmers to deal with tone andlinguistic ambiguity, the variety of jobs they can do will increasedramatically.49. Most school-leavers believe that, despite the huge debts they owe,going to university will increase their chances of getting securejobs with highsalaries.50. Modern companies are more likely to break the production ofintellectual work into ever tinier slices.51. A scholar of Princeton University claims that the jobs traditionallytaken by graduates are more likely to be offshored thanlow-wage ones.52. The income gap between an American professional degree holder and anAmerican high-school graduate shows income is closely related to educationalqualifications.53. The changes in the division of brain-work will save consumers some highservice fees the professional organizations charge.54. Some students have always been told that. to achieve success in aglobalised world, it is most advisable to equip themselves with education.55. Emerging economies are providing a lot of resources to builduniversities to compete with the elite of America and Europe.。

2019年6月大学英语四级真题解析及参考答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to assist elderly people in the neighborhood. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.【参考范文】On June 14, Friday, a volunteer activity where many students took an active part in visiting the local Nursing House was organized by the Student Union and it turns out to be a big success.The activity was aimed at encouraging students to visit the elderly at the Nursing House and help elderly people deal with their troubles both physical and psychological. Many students volunteered to participate in this good deed and were engaged in helping the elderly here out by making their meals, washing their clothes and chatting with them. When asked about those volunteers’ feelings about such an experience, all of them responded with a smile, saying “what a wonderful practice and I really appreciate this experience, for it makes me learn to care more for others in need.”All in all, the activity turns out to be a success not only for the visited elderly but for those students involved.【参考范文译文】6月14日，星期五，学生会组织了一个参观当地敬老院的志愿活动，许多学生都积极参与其中，该活动取得了巨大的成功。