Unit 1 Building the future 单元测试题 牛津高三

Unit 1 Building the futurePart ⅠLanguage KnowledgeSection ADirections：For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the one that best completes the sentence.1．—Do you need any help，Lucy?—Yes，the job is______I could do myself.A．less than B．more thanC．no more than D．not more than2．Most of us know we should cut down on fat，but knowing such things isn't much help when it______ shopping and eating.A．refers at B．speaks onC．focuses on D．comes to3．______achievement，last week's ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low，though not failing，grade.A．In terms of B．In case ofC．As a result of D．In face of4．The medicine works more effectively ______ you drink some hot water after taking it.A．as B．untilC．although D．if5．I think that Alex is standing at a ______ at present.A．cross B．crossroadC．crossroads D．across6．A small car is big enough for a family of three______you need more space for baggage.A．once B．becauseC．if D．unless7．The road conditions there turned out to be very good，______was more than we could expect.A．it B．whatC．which D．that8．—Do you have a minute？I've got something to tell you.—OK，______you make it short.A．now that B．if onlyC．so long as D．every time9．I thought we'd be late for the concert，______we ended up getting there ahead of time.A．but B．orC．so D．for10．______the Internet is of great help，I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.A．If B．WhileC．Because D．As11． An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person's character；however，they are not always ______.A．practical B．avoidableC．permanent D．beneficial12．I'm sorry I didn't phone you，but I've been very busy______ the past couple of weeks.A．beyond B．withC．among D．over13． ______，I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.A．Hopefully B．NormallyC．Thankfully D．Conveniently14．They______ a heated argument.A．involved B．involved inC．were involved in D．are being involved15．Having been fed up with the boring TV programs，I recommend the host ______ their intention of putting on the programs.A．neglect B．become aware ofC．neglects D．becomes aware ofSection BDirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D．Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Carmen's mother Maria had just survived a serious heart attack.But without a heart transplant her life was in constant __16__.Both the mother and daughter knew that the chances were very small：finding a donor heart that__17__Maria's blood type could take years.However，Carmen was determined to save her mother.She kept__18__hospitals all over the country.Days stretched out.By Christmas，Maria had trouble __19__from one end of the room to the other.Carmen lost all hope.She fell into a corner of the hospital，crying.“Are you okay？” a man asked.Carmen sobbed as she told the stranger her story.This middle­aged man was named Frank，whose wife，Cheryl，a tender and devoted mother of four lovely children，had been in hospital with a brain disease and wouldn't__20__it through the night.Suddenly，an idea came to Frank's mind.He knew Cheryl had always wanted to__21__something from herself.Could her heart go to Carmen's mother?After reviewing the data，doctors__22__Frank that his wife's heart was by some miracle a perfect fit for Carmen's mother.They were able to__23__the transplant.That cold night，when Cheryl was declared dead，Frank came to knock at Maria's door.She was__24__for Frank's family as she had been doing every day recently.Though Maria had never met Frank before，they both felt a strange bond as they hugged and cried.On New Year's Eve，Carmen attended Cheryl's__25__with Frank's family，who were singing their favorite song “My heart will go on”．One day later，on New Year's Day，Maria__26__with Cheryl's heart.Yes，Cheryl's loving heart would go on，for it was__27__in another loving mother's chest.16．A.change B．dangerC．disorder D．pain17．A.matched B．replacedC．controlled D．cooperated18．A.finding B．phoningC．touring D．interrupting19．A.rolling B．runningC．walking D．jumping20．A.put B．supportC．pass D．make21．A.save B．recycleC．donate D．separate22．rmed B．warnedC．congratulated D．reminded23．A.give up B．carry outC．search after D．put off24．A.praying B．beggingC．decorating D．singing25．A.funeral B．operationC．performance D．anniversary26．A.passed away B．woke upC．left behind D．dressed up27．A.active B．aliveC．necessary D．changeableSection CDirections：Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.“Opinion” is a word that is used carelessly today.It is used to refer __28__matters of taste，belief，__29__judgment.This inaccurate use would probably cause little confusion__30__ people didn't attach too much importance__31__opinion.Unfortunately，most attach great importance to it.“I have as much right to my opinion __32__ you to yours，and everyone's entitled to his opinion.” These are common expressions.__33__fact，anyone who would challenge another's opinion is likely to be branded intolerant.Is that label accurate？Is it intolerant to challenge another's opinion？It depends __34__ what definition of opinion you have in mind.For example，you may ask a friend“What do you thi nk of the new Ford cars？” And he may reply，“In my opinion，they're ugly.” __35__this case，it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement，but foolish.Part ⅡReading ComprehensionDirections：Read the following passages followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions—and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.Rachael Jack，University of Glasgow researcher，said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的)across a face as Westerners do，Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions，”Jack said.“Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure，whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect(忽略)the mouth.”According to Jack and her colleagues，the discovery shows that humancommunication of emotion is more complex than previously believed.As a result，facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross­cultural situati ons.The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories：happy，sad，surprised，fearful，disgusted，angry，or neutral.They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made sign ificantly more errors than did Westerners.“The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions，” Jack said.“Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion，Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”In short，the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion.From here on，examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion.Otherwise，when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures，Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.36．The discovery shows that Westerners ______.A．pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouthB．consider facial expressions universally reliableC．observe the eyes and the mouth in different waysD．have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions37．What were the people asked to do in the study?A．To make a face at each other. B．To get their faces impressive.C．To classify some face pictures. D．To observe the researchers' faces.38．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refer to?A．The participants in the study. B．The researchers of the study.C．The errors made during the study. D．The data collected from the study.39．In comparison with Westerners，Easterners are likely to______.A．do translation more successfully B．study the mouth more frequently C．examine the eyes more attentively D．read facial expressions more correctly40．What can be the best title for the passage?A．The Eye as the Window to the Soul B．Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions C．Effective Methods to Develop Social SkillsD．How to Increase Cross­cultural UnderstandingPart ⅢWritingSection ADirection：Read the following passage.Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.A migraine headache(偏头疼)can cause disabling pain.People may not feel back to normal for hours or even days.Migraine headac hes are most common among young adults and middle­aged people.In the United States，about eighteen percent of women and six percent of men report having migraines.People who suffer from migraines can find that different “triggers” in different people may get a headache started.Stress can act as a trigger.Many migraine sufferers say hot weather and low barometric pressure(气压)can act as triggers，but researchers say they did not have much scientific evidence of that—until now.In a new study，a team examined the medical records of seven thousand hospital patients.The patients had visited the emergency room at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston，Massachusetts，because of a headache.More than two thousand of them had been found to have a migraine.The t eam then compared those records to weather conditions in the twenty­four hours before the hospital visits.For every increase of five degrees Celsius in air temperature，the patients had a seven and one­half percent higher risk of migraine.Decreases in barometric pressure two to three days before the visit also appeared to cause headaches.A separate study has found that age，gender and where a person has extra body fat may affect the risk of migraine.It found that overweight people between the ages of twenty and fifty­five may have a higher risk.On average，those who were larger around the middle were more likely to have migraines than those of the same age with smaller waistlines(腰围)．Experts suggest that losing weight in the stomach area may help younger people who experience migraines，especially women.Doing exercises regularly is also helpful to reducing migraine headaches.Directions：Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是李华，福建省某中学高中学生，今年暑假将前往澳大利亚参加主题为“WATER FOR LIFE”的交流活动。

Unit 1 Building the future本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。

满分150分。

考试时间120分钟。

第Ⅰ卷(共115分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．What's the chemistry teacher called now?A．Mrs.Brown. B．Mr.Hill. C．Mrs.Hill.2．What's the time?A．4：30. B．4：35. C．4：25.3．What will the woman probably do?A．Look for a seat.B．Remain standing.C．Sit down.4．What does the woman feel when the man says sorry?A．She forgets it.B．She accepts his apology.C．She is still angry.5．What does the man want to do?A．He wants to go out.B．He wants to stay in bed.C．He wants to go to work.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6．Who is the man probably?A．The young man's father.B．A policeman.C．A man who was passing by.7．Who caused the accident?A．The woman.B．The other driver.C．The young man.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

Hydrogen and Future Energy Sources We learned that fossil fuels were formed before and during the time of the dinosaurs - when plants and animals died. Their decomposed remains gradually changed over the years to form coal, oil and natural gas. Fossil fuels took millions of years to make. We are using up the fuels formed more than 65 million years ago. They can't be renewed; they can't be made again. We can save fossil fuels by conserving and finding ways to harness energy from seemingly "endless sources," like the sun and the wind.We can't use fossil fuels forever as they are a non-renewable and finite resource. Some people suggest that we should start using hydrogen.Hydrogen is a colorless, odorless gas that accounts for 75 percent of the entire universe's mass. Hydrogen is found on Earth only in combination with other elements such as oxygen, carbon and nitrogen. To use hydrogen, it must be separated from these other elements.Today, hydrogen is used primarily in ammonia manufacturing, petroleum refining and synthesis of methanol. It's also used in NASA's space program as fuel for the space shuttles, and in fuel cells that provide heat, electricity and drinking water for astronauts. Fuel cells are devices that directly convert hydrogen into electricity. In the future, hydrogen could be used to fuel vehicles (such as the DaimlerChrysler NeCar 4 shown in the picture to the right) and aircraft, and provide power for our homes and offices.Hydrogen can be made from molecules called hydrocarbons by applying heat, a process known as "reforming" hydrogen. This process makes hydrogen from natural gas. An electrical current can also be used to separate water into its components of oxygen and hydrogen in a process called electrolysis. Some algae and bacteria, using sunlight as their energy source, give off hydrogen under certain conditions.Hydrogen as a fuel is high in energy, yet a machine that burns pure hydrogen produces almost zero pollution. NASA has used liquid hydrogen since the 1970s to propel rockets and now the space shuttle into orbit. Hydrogen fuel cells power theshuttle's electrical systems, producing a clean by-product - pure water, which the crew drinks.You can think of a fuel cell as a battery that is constantly replenished by adding fuel to it - it never loses its charge.To view a FLASH video of how a fuel cell works, go to the Ballard Power Systems website.Fuel Cell UsesFuel cells are a promising technology for use as a source of heat and electricity in buildings, and as an electrical power source for vehicles.Auto companies are working on building cars and trucks that use fuel cells. In a fuel cell vehicle, an electrochemical device converts hydrogen (stored on board) and oxygen from the air into electricity, to drive an electric motor and power the vehicle.Although these applications would ideally run off pure hydrogen, in the near term they are likely to be fueled with natural gas, methanol or even gasoline. Reforming these fuels to create hydrogen will allow the use of much of our current energy infrastructure - gas stations, natural gas pipelines, etc. - while fuel cells are phased in.In the future, hydrogen could also join electricity as an important energy carrier. An energy carrier stores, moves and delivers energy in a usable form to consumers.Renewable energy sources, like the sun, can't produce energy all the time. The sun doesn't always shine. But hydrogen can store this energy until it is needed and can be transported to where it is needed.Some experts think that hydrogen will form the basic energy infrastructure that will power future societies, replacing today's natural gas, oil, coal, and electricity infrastructures. They see a new "hydrogen economy" to replace our current "fossil fuel-based economy," although that vision probably won't happen until far in the future.Solar Power SatellitesOne suggestion for energy in the future is to put hugesolar power satellites into orbit around the earth. Theywould collect solar energy from the sun, convert it to electricity and beam it to Earth as microwaves or some other form of transmission. The power would have no greenhouse gas emissions, but microwave beams might affect health adversely. And frequent rocket launches may harm the upper atmosphere. This idea may not be practical for another century; if at all.The picture on the right is an early and simple drawing of how a space solar power satellite would beam energy to electrical power grid on Earth.Other IdeasSome people have claimed they've invented a machine that will "save the planet." Others are convinced that there's a vast conspiracy by fossil fuel and / or nuclear power companies to stop such devices from getting to the public.Some of these contraptions use theories called "Free Energy," "Over Unity" or "Zero-Point Energy." As a matter of fact, you can find all sorts of information about such devices on the Internet. Just plug in any of those words.But none of these devices have ever been proven, either theoretically or physically. The "free energy" area is filled with con artists selling unintelligible information, often clouded with technical sounding jargon, and seeking people with money to develop their inventions or ideas.As the old saying goes, "a fool and his money are soon parted."Most of these devices are perpetual motion machines, which violate known laws of science. Even the U.S. Patent Office will not issue a patent for such devices. With energy and the universe (at least as we know it today), there's no such thing as a free lunch; or free energy. You can't get energy from nothing because of the fundamental laws of physics that energy cannot be created or destroyed.What about matter and anti-matter? What about energy that they use on Star Trek and in other science fiction stories? The ideas are interesting, but they are stillfiction. Though science fiction has a basis in some fact. Jules Verne wrote about traveling under the water more than a hundred years ago, and today we have submarines. He also wrote about going to the moon, and in 1969 humans first set foot on our closest neighbor in space.So, while some ideas being used by writers are fiction... there could be some basis in fact. Who knows, someone might create a mater-antimatter energy system that could revolutionize the way we think about energy and our universe.。

Module 10 Unit 1Building the future一、重点单词与短语：1. headline n.大标题vt.给……加标题；大力宣传；在……中扮演主角①make/hit the headlines 成为重要新闻典题赏析：1) The news of his death was splashed in _____ across all the newspapers.A. titlesB. headlinesC. subjectsD. points2) The heroic story that the university student had saved a peasant’s lif e hit the ____ in “China Youth Daily”.A. resultsB. effortsC. rewardsD. headlines2. put pressure on向……施加压力；促使，迫使①under pressure 在压力下②under the pressure of 在……的压力下③high blood pressure 高血压④put pressure on sb. to do sth. 给某人施加压力做某事，迫使某人做某事⑤pressure sb. to do sth./into doing sth. 强迫某人干某事典题赏析：1) The pressure that the bank has _____ on our company is to reduce its borrowings.A. madeB. givenC. sentD. put2) Eating too much fat can ______ to heart disease and high blood pressure.A. devoteB. attendC. contributeD. turn3) His health ______ under the pressure of work and he had to stay in hospital for a month.A. broke upB. broke awayC. broke outD. broke down4) Life is tough in the city. In order to lose their ______, some people drink alcohol.【上海卷】A. temperB. moodC. consciousnessD. pressures3. wrestle vi. & vt.努力对付或解决；摔跤①wrestle with 努力对付或解决②wrestle sb. to the ground 把某人摔倒在地③in wrestling with 为了解决典题赏析：1) She was _______ _______ maths homework. 她在苦苦对付数学作业。