人教版七年级上册英语语法和练习
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一、代词
1、人称代词和物主代词
英语的人称代词（Personal Pronoun）有三种不同的人称形式：第一人称（First Person）；第二人称（Second Person）；第三人称（Third Person）。三种人称又各有单、复数形式。.在上列人称代词的不同形式中，还包含了主格（Subjective Case）、宾格（Objective Case）两种“格”的形式。这样，从“格”的形式来划分，英语的人称代词又可归纳为：
主格：I，you，he，she，it，we，you，they
宾格：me，you，him，her，it，us，you，them
此外，还有所有格形式。属格：my，mine，your，yours，his，her，hers，its，our，ours，their，theirs 属格又可分为两类：一类是形容词性物主代词（my，your，his，her，its，our，their）即 “物主限定词”；另一类是名词性物主代词（mine，yours，his，hers，ours，theirs），即 “物主代词”。
人
称
代
词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数
主格 I we you you she\ he\ it they
宾格 me us you you her\ him\ it them
物
主
代
词 形物代 my our your your her \his\ its their
名物代 mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirs
人称代词用法：
（1）人称代词主格：做主语，表示谁怎么样了，干什么了。
I am a teacher.
You are student.
He is a student , too.
We/You/They are student.
（2）人称代词宾格：作宾语，表示动作行为的对象，一般放在动词的后面。
Give it to me.
Let’s go.(let’s=let is)
（3）形容词性物主代词（my/your/his/her/its/our/their）+名词。 word格式-可编辑-感谢下载支持
（4）而名词性物主代词（mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs）则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词，故其后不必加名词。如：
-Is this your book?
-No,it isn’t,it’s hers(her book).[it’s Jim’s,it’s Tom’s.......]
名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词
为避免重复使用名词，有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。例：My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag
is pink. 为避免重复使用bag，可写成My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and
yours is pink.
练习：
1.________(我) am a teacher.
2.My father is talking with _______(我).
3.This is _______(我的) book.
4._______(他的) chair is blue.
5._______(我们的) classroom is big.
6._______(他) often plays basketball after school.
7._______(他的) teacher is good.
8._______(我们) buy a pair of shoes for _______(他).
9.Please pass_____(我们) the ball.
10._______(他们) are listening to the radio.
11.________(我) am a teacher.
12.This is _______(她的) bag. That is__________(他的)
13._______(他的) cap is blue. _____________( 我们的) are yellow. word格式-可编辑-感谢下载支持
14.Our chair is better than _________ ( they).
15.I will give the presents to________(they).
16.These books are________(I), and those are____(you).
17.My ruler is long. ________ ( you ) is short.
18.My bike is broken. May I borrow______ ( she)?
19.Can you show _______(I) your book?
20.It’s time for ______(they) to go home.
21.Mr. Green often tells _______(we) some stories.
22.These are not your desks. They are _____(our).
23.This is not my shirt. It’s _______(he)
24.I saw ________(she) in the shop yesterday.
参考答案：
1. I 2. me 3. my 4. His 5. Our 6. He 7. His 8. We, him 9. us 10.
They 11.I 12. her, his 13. His, ours 14. theirs 15. them 16. mine, yours
17. yours 18. hers 19. me 20. them 21. us 22. ours 23. his 24. Her
人称代词和物主代词练习：
（一）用代词的适当形式填空。
1．There is a letter for________ (her 、hers) mother.
2．That is _____(she ) coat. The coat is red. ___(it)is a new one.
3．Whose pens are these? _______(their) are ______ (we).
4．Give _______(he) a toy, please.
5．________(we) eyes are black.
6．Tim and Bill are twins. _________(them) parents are teachers. word格式-可编辑-感谢下载支持
7．Give the book to __________(I ).
8．These books are __________(we).
9．That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big.( I )
10．The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
11．Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
12．______ is my brother. _____ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _____. ( he )
2、指示代词
（1）this“这” ,其复数形式 these “这些” ,指代近处的人或物体 ;
（2）that“那” ,其复数形式 those“那些” ,指代远处的人或物。
3、指示代词 this that these those 作主语,一般疑问句的简略回答
（1）Is this / that your aunt ? Yes , it is . No , it isn’t .
↘简略回答时,用主格代词 it 代替
（2）Are these / those your uncles ? Yes , they are . No , they aren’t .
↘简略回答时,用主格代词 they 代替
单句变复句,把句子中单数词变成复数词。
1、This is my friend . ___ ___ _____ _my ______
2、That is his parent . ____ __ ____ __his ______
3、She is her cousin . ___ ___ ____ __her ______
用所给的词选择填空
1、These are pens and ____ are pencils.
(that, this, those)
2、Tom was sick yesterday. ______ is why he missed school. ( That, Those, These)
3、Which of______shirts are Tom's ( These, this, that) word格式-可编辑-感谢下载支持
4、This desk is mine, ______is hers. ( those, this, that)
5、The map of Beijing is better than ______of Tianjing. (this, that, these).
二、名词
名词: 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。
1、不可数名词:表示的事物,其数量不可以数清或者难以数清。例如:
water “水” , “水”的数量不可以数清; rice “大米,谷粒” , 其数量难以数清。不可数名词用法上有两大特点:
(1)、没有复数形式;
(2)、不能用不定冠词 a / an 、基数词、many 修饰。
2、可数名词:表示的事物,其数量可以数清 。可数名词用法上的特点:
(1)、有单数、复数两种形式;
(2)、能用不定冠词 a / an 、基数词、many 修饰。
3、单数名词后加 s 或 es 变成复数名词。单数名词后加 s 或 es 的方法如下:
(1)、 一般情况,名词后直接加 s (清辅音后读 / s /, 浊辅音后读/ z /)
例如: parents“双亲” ;aunts“阿姨” ;friends“朋友”
(2)、以字母 e 结尾的名词,直接加 s (读 / z /) 例如:
uncles“叔叔” ;pictures“图画”
