2024届高考一轮复习英语语法专练学案(人教版)：冠词

零冠词专练一、填空1. Rock climbing is ______ great fun. You will get close to ______ nature and take adventures at the same time.2. The development of industry has been ______ gradual progress throughout ______ human existence. From stone tools to modern technology.3. Ten years later, he turned ______ teacher, and played tennis as well as ______ piano.4. There is no ______ exact definition of ______ word "happiness". Happy people are happy for all sorts of reasons.5. Considering the problems and the conflicts in the world, we feel it is ______ great advice to promote ______ fairer and stronger United Nations.6. At ______ present we are going through a hard time, but I'm sure ______ things will get better in the near future.7. Don't expect too much of him. He is learning ______ French language just for ______ fun.8. Tom likes listening to ______ music while Jack likes playing ______ piano.9. In communication, a smile is usually ______ strong sign of a friendly and ______ open attitude.10. ______ English has changed a lot over a long time and ______ English spoken between about AD 450 and 1150 was quite different.二、语法填空11.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

2024届高考一轮复习语法专项十八：冠词（一）考纲要求考纲规定，冠词考查基本用法，包括定冠词与不定冠词，不定冠词a与an的区分；不用冠词的状况；习语中的冠词；特指与泛指等。

（二）命题导向冠词规则的敏捷运用是高考命题的一个热点，几乎每年高考题的单项选择或完形填空都有涉及冠词的题目，不定冠词和定冠词的一些特别用法，习惯用法及不用冠词的状况是高考重点考查的学问点。

（三）基本用法当代语法把冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词（即不用冠词）三种。

冠词是一种虚词，起限定作用，是最主要最典型的限定词，放在名词（或名词化的形容词分词）前面，说明其所指的人或物。

1、定冠词的基本用法：①表示上文提到过的人或事物。

如：I have bought a book. The book is very useful.②用于说话人与听话人心中都有数的人或事物。

如：Close the window, please.③用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前。

如：the sun, the moon, the earth, the world等。

④用于表示方位的名词之前。

如：the east, the right.⑤用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前。

如：the first, the tallest.⑥用于形容词之前，使其名词化。

如：the sick, the wounded.⑦用于由一般名词构成的专出名词之前。

如：the United States, the United Nation.⑧用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛、建筑物等的名词之前。

如：the Changjiang River, the East Lake.⑨用于复数姓氏之前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”。

如：The Smiths⑩用于乐器的名词前。

如：play the piano; play the violin.⑾独创物。

如：The compass was invented in China.⑿年头名词前。

选择性必修第一册Unit 4Body LanguageⅠ.阅读理解AThis year，it felt as if every good movie was also an argument for why movies reward your attention，engage your feelings and respect your intelligence.Petite Maman(Céline Sciamma)The death of a grandmother，the sorrow of a parent，the acquisition of a new friend—these ordinary experiences，occurring in the life of an 8-year-old girl，provide the basic structure of this spare，perfect it’s best described as a modern-dress fairy tale，or a low-tech time travel fantasy is up to ’s certain is that the performance of the cast causes maximum emotional impact.(Coming to theaters.)Summer of Soul(Questlove)This documentary about a series of open-air concerts in Harlem in 1969 connecting impressive performances with interviews with musicians and audience members，is a shot of pure the film is more than a time capsule: It’s a history lesson and an argument for why art matters，and what it can do，especially in time of anxiety.(Streaming on Hulu.)Bring Your O w n Brigade(Lucy Walker)This documentary about California wildfires of September 2021 is also，almost by accident，an exploration of the country’s response to the COVID-19 picture Walker paints is complicated，partly because that’s the way people are: panicked，generous，stupid and movie is hardly optimistic，but its open-mindedness provides a buffer against despair.(In theaters.) The V el v et Underground(Todd Haynes)Like “Summer of Soul”，this documentary revisits the music of the 1960s in a spirit that is more historical than just recalling the than gathering present-day musicians to celebrate their ancestors，Haynes concentrates on the Velvet，a band，and on the artistic scene that inspired particular，he focuses on their connections to the experimental cinema that boomed in New York.(Streaming on Apple TV＋.)语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。

2024届高考英语第一轮专项分层训练——语法填空真题强化练习4（高考真题+模拟真题）（2024·河南周口·二模）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式When I was a little boy, the dinner on the eve of the Spring Festival was 1 I looked forward to most. It was not only for the delicious food that we seldom got to eat, but also an opportunity to have the family gathered together. I would run 2 (happy) with my sister in the house, while my mom was preparing food in the kitchen. She would put some tokens in some dumplings; candies for a sweet life, and peanuts for a long and healthy 3 . In the evening, we would sit around the table, toasted each other and enjoyed the homemade dishes, which tasted much better than anything 4 (cook) in the restaurant.However, for the last three years, we 5 (eat) out for the Spring Festival family dinner, and we have enjoyed it no less than eating at home. 6 I don’t understand why some people refuse this change. Can’t they admit that the 7 (prepare) for a dinner is hard work? It is not worth the effort of spending so much time cooking a single meal. We work all year, so why can’t one day be about spending time with family and 8 (relax). Eating out is a good choice and it has nothing to do 9 loss of traditions. We still have the dinner with the same people, just in a different place. The occasion is more 10 (enjoy) without that tiring cooking.（2024·湖南·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．lantern n．灯笼；提灯2．carnival n．狂欢节；嘉年华3．costume n．(某地或某历史时期的)服装；戏装4．riddle n．谜语；神秘事件5．samba n．桑巴舞；桑巴舞曲6．make-up n．化妆品；性格；构成方式7．evil adj.邪恶的；有害的；罪恶的n．邪恶；罪恶；恶行8．commercial adj.商业(化)的；以获利为目的的9．commercialise(NAmE also-ize)v t.使商业化；利用……牟利10．commercialisation(NAmE also-ization)n.商业化11．Christmas carol圣诞颂歌12．Merry Christmas！圣诞快乐！13．pudding n．布丁；(餐末的)甜食14．mashed potatoes土豆泥15．turkey n．火鸡；火鸡肉16．roast turkey烤火鸡肉17．autonomous adj.自治的；有自治权的18．region n．地区；区域；地带19．wrestling n．摔跤运动20．wrestle v i.& v t.摔跤；奋力对付21．wrestler n．摔跤运动员22．archery n．射箭术；射箭运动23．robe n．袍服；礼袍24．eagle n．雕25．grace n．优美；优雅；高雅26．pot n．罐；壶；锅Ⅱ.记重点单词1．march v i.& n．行进；前进；示威游行2．ceremony n．典礼；仪式3．range n．一系列；范围、界限v i.包括；(在一定范围内)变化4．figure n．人物；数字；身材v t.认为；认定5．harvest n．收获季节；收获；收成v i.& v t.收割(庄稼)；捕猎(动物、鱼) 6．crop n．庄稼；作物；一季的收成7．gather v i.聚集；集合v t.聚集；搜集；收割8．feature v t.以……为特色n．特色；特征；特点9．church n．(基督教的)教堂；礼拜堂10．fade v i.& v t.逐渐消失；(使)褪色；(身体)变得虚弱11．typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的12．firecracker n．鞭炮；爆竹13．medium n．(pl.media)媒介；手段；方法adj.中等的；中号的14．the media大众传播媒介15．atmosphere n．气氛；氛围；(地球的)大气(层)16．lunar adj.阴历的；月球的；月亮的17．eve n．前夕；前一天18．envelope n．信封；塑料封套19．pumpkin n．南瓜20．roast adj.烤的；焙的v i.& v t.烘烤；焙21．firework n．烟火；烟花；[pl.]烟花表演22．inner adj.内部的；里面的；内心的23．fancy adj.花哨的；精致的；昂贵的v t.想要；倾慕；自认为是24．absolutely ad v.绝对地；完全地25．moment n．片刻；瞬间26．brief adj.简洁的；简单的；短暂的27．tent n．帐篷28．branch n．树枝；分支；支流29．wedding n．婚礼；结婚庆典30．clap v t.鼓掌；拍手；击掌n．鼓掌；拍手；掌声Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．congratulation n．祝贺；恭喜→congratulate v t.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪2．origin n．起源；起因；出身→original adj.最初的；原创的；新颖的→originally ad v.本来；原来3．religion n．宗教；宗教信仰→religious adj.宗教的；笃信宗教的4．charm n．魅力；迷人的特征；咒语v．吸引，迷住；向……施魔法→charmed adj.着迷的→charming adj.有魅力的；迷人的5．joy n．高兴；喜悦→joyful adj.高兴的；快乐的→joyfully ad v.开心地6．gratitude n．感激之情；感谢→grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的7．agricultural adj.农业(劳动/生产)的→agriculture n．农业；农艺8．decorate v t.装饰；装潢→decoration n．装饰；装潢9．significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的→significance n．重要性，意义；意思，含义10．reflect v t.显示；反映；反射→reflection n．倒影；反映；思考11．belief n．信仰；信心；信任→believe v t.相信→believable adj.可以相信的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的12．faith n．宗教信仰；信任；相信→faithful adj.忠诚的；虔诚的→faithfully ad v.虔诚地13．occasion n．特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会→occasional adj.偶然的，偶尔的→occasionally ad v.偶尔；间或14．merry adj.愉快的；高兴的→merrily ad v.高兴地；愉快地15．pleased adj.高兴的；满意的→pleasant adj.令人愉快的→please v t.使满意；使愉快→pleasure n．愉快；令人高兴的事16．frank adj.坦率的；直率的→frankly ad v.坦率地；直率地17．represent v t.象征；代表；相当于→representative n．代表adj.有代表性的18．respect n．& v t.尊敬；尊重→respectful adj.恭敬的；表示敬意的→respectable adj.可敬的；体面的；相当好的19．horrible adj.令人震惊的；恐怖的；极坏的→horror n．畏惧；憎恶；震惊1．clumsy adj.笨拙的2．coincidence n．碰巧；巧合3．colleague n．同事4．commitment n．承诺；忠诚；花费；投入5．companion n．同伴；同事6．competence n．能力；胜任7．complex adj.复杂的n．复合体8．compromise n．& v．妥协；折中Ⅳ.背核心短语1．dress (sb) up穿上盛装；装扮2．after all毕竟；别忘了3．range from...to...包括从……到……之间4．fade away逐渐消失；(身体)变得虚弱5．in spite of不管；尽管6．take advantage of利用；欺骗；占……的便宜7．have sth in common(兴趣、想法等方面)相同；有相同的特征8．to be frank坦白说；坦率地说9．go off爆炸；走火；离开10．except for除……之外11．set off出发；动身；启程Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．However，no matter how different they may seem，all over the world，the spirit of sharing joy，gratitude，love，or peace is common in all festivals.(no matter how引导让步状语从句)然而，无论节日多么迥异，在世界各地，分享快乐、感恩、友爱或和平的精神于所有节日之中是共同的。

2024年广西专版高中英语一轮复习课件（新高考新教材）专题二冠词、代词、介词英 语内容索引增素能精准突破测效果课堂评价增素能 精准突破一、冠词【真题语境】◆不定冠词1.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)The meat should be fresh with touch of sweetness,and the surrounding soup hot,clear and delicious.2.(2022·全国甲卷) friend of his,Wu Fan,volunteered to be hiscompanion during the trip. 3.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)While you’re in China,Mount Huangshan is _______ must to visit!4.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)She said,“We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward.When we got a call saying she was short-listed,we thought it was joke.” a A a a ◆定冠词5.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Not the pandas,even though language usedfor the medical training instructions is actually English.6.(2022·全国乙卷)To celebrate festival,a number of events tookplace at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.7.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Covering an area about three times size of Yellowstone National Park,the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.8.(2021·全国甲卷)It took us about 3 hours to go all way around the Xi’an City Wall.9.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)The plum trees are first to flower even as thesnow is melting (融化).the the thethethe【用法点拨】1.不定冠词a/an的用法①指一类人或事,例如:a plane②第一次提及某人、某物③表示“每一”,例如:eight hours a day④表示“相同”,例如:of an age⑤用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某人有类似性质的人或事,例如:a Mr Smith2.定冠词the的用法①用于世上独一无二的事物名词前,例如:the moon②表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事③用于乐器前面,例如:play the violin④用于形容词和分词前表示一类人,例如:the rich⑤表示“一家人”或“夫妇”,例如:the Greens⑥用于序数词或形容词的最高级前3.零冠词的用法①专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名前,例如:China,love,air②名词前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制时③表示季节、月份、星期、节假日、一日三餐的名词前④表示学科、语言、球类或棋类运动的名词前⑤表示泛指的复数名词前4.固定搭配all of a sudden突然;at a loss不知所措,茫然;in a hurry匆忙地;in a way从某种意义上说;as a rule通常,一般来说;in a moment 立刻;at the moment此刻,目前;by the way顺便说一下;in the distance在远处;on the right在右边;at the age of在……岁时;on the whole总体来说;in the long run从长远看;in fact事实上;in danger在危险中;on time按时;lose weight减肥;at home and abroad国内外;in debt欠债二、代词【真题语境】1.(2022·全国乙卷)The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officiallyunveiled(揭幕) at the ceremony,opening (it) first exhibition:The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.2.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)As the song goes,this long and winding road “will never disappear”,and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory.It sure does in (I). 3.(2021·浙江卷)She was extremely pretty,and her house was a reflection of (she),everything in good taste and in perfect order. its mine herself 4.(2021·全国乙卷)Ecotourism has (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.5.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Data about...,could help China decide whether _______ (it) plans for a future lunar base are practical.6.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)As well as looking at exhibits,visitors can play withcomputer simulations (模拟) and imagine (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.7.(2019·北京卷)Nervously facing challenges,I know I will whisper to (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.its its themselves myself 8.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷)If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time toget the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give _______ a try.9.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was justglad to find (they) alive.it them【用法点拨】1.人称代词人称代词主格I you he she it we you they 宾格me you him her it us you them物主代词形容词性my your his her its our your their 名词性mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs反身代词 my-self your-selfhim-selfher-self itselfours-elvesyour-selvesthem-selves2.指示代词this,that,these,those3.疑问代词who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whichever,whatever4.关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as5.不定代词one,some,any,each,every,none,many,much,few,little,a few,a little,other, another,all,both,neither,either,something,anything,nothing,everything, somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,everyone,no one,someone,anyone6.相互代词each other,one another7.it的用法①it可以用作形式主语或形式宾语,真正的主语或宾语放在后面,真正的主语或宾语往往由从句、动词-ing形式、不定式充当②指代日期、时间、季节、天气、温度、距离、重量、环境、情况等③用于强调句型it is/was...that/who...中三、介词【真题语境】1.(2023·全国甲卷)She warns of the environmental dangers facing society,andshe teaches that people must take responsibility saving their environment.2.(2023·全国乙卷)From Buddhist temples to museums,narrow hutong ______ royal palaces,it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout...3.(2022·全国甲卷)He flew 4,700 kilometers Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept.20,planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months.for to from 4.(2022·全国乙卷)May 21st this year marks the first International TeaDay,which was named officially the United Nations on November 27th,2019.5.(2021·全国甲卷)It was built originally to protect the city the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复).6.(2021·全国乙卷)Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel,various types trips are now being classified as ecotourism.7.(2021·全国乙卷)It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ________the late 1980s.by in of until8.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Orange trees are more decoration;they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.9.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Bamboo plants are associated health, abundance and a happy home.10.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)The artist was finally humbled (谦卑)by the greatest artist earth,Mother Nature. 11.(2020· 新高考Ⅰ卷)Museums must compete people’s spare time and money with other amusements.than with on for 13.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ______ dogs,seven to be exact.12.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)Modern methods tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area. of/for of【用法点拨】1.介词的分类简单介词for,in,of,about,across,after,against,from,among,around,at,than,beyond,during,on合成介词inside,into,onto,outside,throughout,upon,within,without短语介词according to,because of,instead of,up to,due to,owing to,thanks to 双重介词from among,from behind,from under,till after,in between 分词转化成的介词considering (就……而论),including2.常用方位介词3.常用介词短语in a sense从某种意义上说;in place在适当的位置;in case以免,万一;in return 作为回报;on behalf of代表;on the contrary相反;under control在控制之中;under construction在建设中;for the benefit of为了……的利益;as for 就……而论,关于;by chance=by accident偶然,碰巧;by far到目前为止;out of order发生故障,失调;out of control失去控制;out of one’s reach某人够不着的地方注意:of+抽象名词=形容词be of value=be valuable;be of use=be useful测效果 课堂评价1.You can use app to turn it on or off remotely,or even set it to turn on automatically when you’re nearby.2.One out of every two teens in the US and Japan felt they were addictedtheir phones,according to a recent study. 3.Instead of waking up at 7 am and fighting my way through the day,anxious and angry,I started to set my alarm at 6 am,gifting (I) an extra hour. 4.The team found that 54 percent of 13-to 14-year-old girls were at risk of anxiety prior to the pandemic,with that figure dropping 10 percent during lockdown. 5.It is hoped that this programme will reduce quantity of waste that ends up in landfills.an to myself by the1.(2023·广东深圳高三第一次调研)Doupas is determined to continue withhis career in China,hoping to serve as bridge between China andthe West.2.(2023·福建宁德重点中学高三一模)Combine that with the physiological benefits of exercise,and you can make (you) see greater levels of joy in your life.3.(2022·广东广州一模)The fast growing economy and strong support the rulers helped the development of technology and the expansion of knowledge.a yourself/yourselvesfrom 4.(2022·广西玉林、贵港高三12月模拟)The yearly ceremony for Huangdi inJinyun dates back the Eastern Jin Dynasty. 5.(2022·山东枣庄二模)Legend has that whenever Ji made apromise,he would spare no effort to fulfill it.6.(2022·江苏南京、盐城高三二模) clean water and refreshing air,the village impresses many by its stone streets,ancient-style farmhouses and various sports venues where people can go hiking,play baseball and go fishing.7.(2022·山东临沂高三二模)It’s hard to imagine what your favourite songwould be a chorus(副歌). to it Besides without 8.(2022·浙江五校联考)But Casey Hathaway told (he) rescuers that he was not alone in the wet,freezing cold woods.9.(2022·四川成都一诊)Elsewhere,there are calls for restaurants to replace the tipping system a single payment covering both the meal and the service.10.(2022·天津南开一模改编) the vast knowledge that we haveaccumulated,there are still many unsolved natural mysteries out there.his with Despite三、练语篇Ancient Chinese thinkers regarded nature,with human beings included in it,1. the world of life.All living things in the world have 2._______ (they) own lives and state of being.“Life and its state of being is most 3. (worth) of appreciation,”said Cheng Hao,a Confucian scholar in the Song Dynasty,“From such appreciation,people could draw 4._________ greatest spiritual delight.” as their worthy the Confucian scholars in the Song and Ming dynasties all enjoyed observing the state of being of living things.Zhou Dunyi,for example,allowed the grass5. (grow) in front of his window without cutting it.When he6. (ask) why,Zhou explained that the natural growth of grass was in line with his idea of living things.He observed the7. (create) of life and the state of being of living things in the world through the grass.The state of being of the grass was similar to the state of being of people,8._____the experience of this resemblance gave him great pleasure.He felt great joyfrom 9. (observe) living things.He would often appreciate the fish he kept,and enjoyed watching newly hatched chicks.To him,the lively andlovely chicks 10. (well) represented the state of being. to grow was asked creation and observing best本课结束。

2024届高考英语第一轮专项分层训练——语法填空真题强化练习8（高考真题+模拟真题）（2024·福建泉州·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Two years ago, Song Fei’s muscle pain was getting worse, despite years of gym exercise. A month after 1 (practise) taijiquan, however, the pains that had been bothering her were slowly relieved. Song, 29, a Shanghai-based fitness vlogger (视频博主), has been sharing her changes after learning taijiquan 2 lifestyle-sharing platform Xiaohongshu. Besides performing it each morning, she also integrates 3 (element) of the Chinese martial art into her fitness courses.China’s taijiquan has become 4 (increasing) popular as a form of mind-body exercise and stress reduction. Like Song, more young people are inheriting (继承) and developing ways to integrate the martial art into 5 (variety) lifestyle applications. Master Li Guangjin, who created his own style of taijiquan, emphasizes 6 importance of maintaining health, combat (格斗), and relaxation through taijiquan practice. Visual designer Lin Xiaoxue has also experienced physical and mental benefits since she picked up taijiquan. She has designed some visual works7 (inspire) by taijiquan. Additionally, taijiquan has influenced other fitness practices, such as ChiRunning, 8 combines tai chi techniques with running 9 (promote) injury prevention and mindfulness.This integration of traditional wisdom into modern lifestyles 10 (reflect) a growing interest in understanding the deeper meaning of life through taijiquan and related practices.（23-24高三下·上海·阶段练习）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.You may think that mom-and-pop stores are gradually dying out, giving way to chain stores and big business, 11 you would be wrong. The online shopping platform Taobao is a game changer and 12 (revolutionize) the way we buy and sell.Taobao, or “treasure hunt”, recently became the largest e-commerce website in terms of traffic,surpassing Amazon. It has 190 million 13 (register) users and serves 14 (big) marketplace in the world. Half of China’s Internet users go to Taobao, either to browse, buy or sell, according to Web information company Alexa.15 Taobao borrowed its original business model from eBay when it started up in 2003, the student soon became the master. Just three years later, eBay shut down its site and now Taobao controls about 80 percent of the country’s online shopping market.It charges almost 16 to list items for sale and makes most of its money from advertising. It also plans to share transaction data with its users so they can cash it on buying trends. This allows anyone with an idea and a computer to start a viable business, doing away 17 the need for significant start-up capital. 18 opening up a store on the high street selling to passersby, the world is every Taobao user’s oyster.A friend of mine is a typical. She opened up a store selling children’s clothing near Nuren Jie,19 was a popular market in Beijing. It was not a great success but her online sales through Taobao went ballistic. She closed the store and is now e-commerce only.Effectively, taobao has become the country’s high street, but with global reach. 20 China is the world’s manufacturing base, it is relatively easy for individuals to source cheap goods and sell at a reasonable markup. Micro-stores are opening in their thousands every day and delivering an amazing variety of goods.（2024·安徽·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

第1讲谓语动词At first，Jack wasn’t fond of studying and was addicted to computer games.Every time his mother went①to his room，she found that he was playing②computer games.His father had condemned③him many times before he went to middle school，so he promised that he would study④ hard and quit computer games.It is amazing that Jack has changed⑤a lot in the past three years.Whenever asked about Jack’s performance at school，his mother always answers⑥ proudly，“He has been making⑦progress.”He is making⑧ preparations for the college entrance exam.There is no doubt that Jack will be admitted to⑨ a good college if he keeps working hard like this.Maybe in the near future he will be studying⑩ in a key university.[规则感悟]①是一般过去时，结构为谓语动词用过去式形式。

②是过去进行时，结构为was/were＋现在分词。

③是过去完成时，结构为had＋过去分词。

④是过去将来时，结构为would＋动词原形。

⑤是现在完成时，结构为have/has＋过去分词。

Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．physiology n．生理学；生理机能2．artemisinin n．[药]青蒿素3．malaria n．疟疾4．extract n．提取物；摘录v t.提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出5．wormwood n．蒿；洋艾6．substance n．物质；物品；事实根据7．penicillin n．青霉素；盘尼西林8．chart n．图表v t.记录；制订计划9．flow chart流程图10．numerous adj.众多的；许多的11．theory n．理论；学说12．relativity n．相对论；相对性13．formula n．公式；方程式；配方14．patent n．专利；专利证书；获得专利adj.有专利的；受专利保护的15．doctorate n．博士学位16．photoelectric adj.光电的17．institution n．社会公共机构；制度；习俗18．institute n．(教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑19．moustache n．上唇的胡子；髭20．peculiarity n．个性；特点；怪异的性质21．device n．方法；技巧；装置；仪器Ⅱ.记重点单词1．crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的2．vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的3．objective n．目标；目的adj.客观的4．property n．性质；特征；财产5．boil v t.& v i.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开n．沸腾；沸点6．liquid n．液体adj.液体的；液态的7．obtain v t.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得v i.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行8．acknowledge v t.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢9．defeat n．失败；挫败v t.击败；战胜10．apparently ad v.显而易见；看来；显然11．insist v i.& v t.坚持；坚决要求12．mostly ad v.主要地；一般地13．flee v i.& v t.(fled，fled)迅速离开；逃跑14．circumstance n．[usually pl.]条件；环境；状况15．flow n．流；流动；流畅；供应v i.流；流动16．infer v t.推断；推定17．genius n．(pl.geniuses)天才；天资；天赋18．extraordinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的19．gradually ad v.逐渐地；逐步地20．encounter v t.偶然碰到；遇到n．邂逅；遭遇21．mourn v t.& v i.哀悼；忧伤22．remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的23．sum v i.总结；概括n．金额；款项；总数；总和24．draft n．草稿；草案v t.起草；草拟Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．commit v t.承诺；保证v i.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→commitment n．投入；奉献；承诺2．academy n．(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj.学业的；学术的3．botanical adj.植物学的→botany n．植物学4．evaluate v t.评价；评估→evaluation n．评价；评估5．distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinction n．区别；差别6．analyse(NAmE-ze)v t.分析→analysis(pl.analyses) n．分析7．scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家8．conclusion n．结论；推论→conclude v t.断定；推断出9．novelist n．小说家→novel n．(长篇)小说adj.新颖的；珍奇的10．found v t.创建；建立；把……建立在→foundation n．创建；基金会→founder n．创建者；创始人11．politician n．政治家；从政者；政客→politics n．政治(学)→political adj.政治的12．gentle adj.温柔的；文静的→gently ad v.温柔地；温和地13．passion n．酷爱；激情→passionate adj.有激情的14．consequence n．结果；后果→consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently ad v.结果；因此；所以15．professor n．教授→profession n．职业，行业→professional adj.职业的n．专业人士1．feature n．特征；特色2．fiction n．小说；虚构的事3．fierce adj.猛烈的；凶猛的4．finance n．财政；金融5．flashlight n．手电筒6．flexible adj.灵活的；柔韧的；可弯曲的7．forgetful adj.健忘的；易忘的8．fortnight n．十四日；两星期Ⅳ.背核心短语1．commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth)承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)2．insist on坚决要求3．wear and tear(正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗4．come to power(开始)掌权；上台5．take up a position担任；任职6．sum up总结；概括7．lead to导致8．graduate from毕业于9．with the objective of目的是10．manage to do sth设法做成某事Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives，and has led to improved health for millions of people.(过去分词作前置定语)青蒿素挽救了成千上万人的生命，并改善了数百万人的健康状况。