2017年中考真题：欧洲(英法德)专题

2017中考历史试卷带答案_2017初中中考历史试题带答案中考之中，历史的知识点是根据年份来划分的，你们做试卷时都能够回答得出来吗?下面是店铺给大家带来中考历史试卷带参考答案，供大家参阅!陕西2017中考历史试卷带答案第Ⅰ卷(选择题共36分 )A卷13. (2016•陕西，13，2分)下列图片所体现的制度或措施属于秦始皇首创的是14.右图是近代中国四种经济成分——自然经济、洋务企业、民族企业、外资企业之间的关系示意图。

图中序号依次对应的是A.自然经济民族企业洋务企业外资企业B. 外资企业自然经济民族企业洋务企业C. 洋务企业外资企业自然经济民族企业D.民族企业洋务企业外资企业自然经济15.1918年11月，蔡元培提出的“劳工神圣”、“今后世界，全是劳工的世界”口号很快风靡全国。

这说明A.马克思主义已经成为思想主流B. 十月革命给中国带来了新希望C. “民主”和“科学”成为两面大旗D.五四运动促进了新的思想解放16.右图是新航路开辟时的一位航海家的漫画，此航海家双手将地球抱在胸前，身后是即将远航的中世纪帆船。

据图可知，此航海家A.第一次实现了人类跨越大西洋的愿望B.是“新大陆”最早的发现者C.最先发现通往亚洲的新航线D.首次证明地圆学说的正确性中国和苏联(前)在社会主义建设中都取得过巨大成就。

据此回答17-18题17.对下表反映的内容认识正确的是中国“一五”计划期间农、轻、重产值增长速度和比重变化表1953-1957年平均增长速度(%) 1953年农轻重比例(%) 1957年重比例(%)农业 4.5 52.8 43.5轻工业 12.8 29.6 29.2重工业 25.4 17.6 27.3①农业生产增长相对缓慢②国民经济调整任务完成③国民经济建设成就突出④重工业得到了优先发展A.①②③B.①③④C.①②④D.②③④18.由右图中的数据可判断出当时苏联正处于A.新经济政策实施时期B. “一五”计划实行时期C. “二五”计划实行时期D.赫鲁晓夫改革时期第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共64分 )19.(7分)阅读下列材料，回答问题。

2017中考英语试卷及答案A. 听单句话（本题有5小题，每小题1分，共5分）根据所听句子的内容和所提问题，选择符合题意的图画回答问题，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑，每小题听一遍。

B.听对话（本题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）根据所听内容，回答每段对话后面的问题，在每小题所给出的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。

每段对话听两遍。

听第一段对话，回答第6小题。

6. What’s the problem with George’s homework?A. Spelling mistakes.B. Grammar mistakes.C. Awful handwriting.听第二段对话，回答第7小题。

7. What is the boy going to do tomorrow afternoon?A. Play basketballB. play football.C. Play volleyball.听第三段对话，回答第8小题。

8. How much is one tea set with eight cups?A. 40 yuan.B. 160 yuan.C. 200 yuan.听第四段对话，回答第9小题。

9. How does the woman like the city?A. She is not used to the weather there.B. She thinks the traffic there is very good.C. She likes the shopping environment there.听第五段对话，回答第10小题。

10. Why is the girl going to the bookstore tomorrow?A. She wants to spend time there reading.B. Some of the books there will be cheaper.C. Her father will be free and drive her there.听第六段对话，回答第11-12小题。

2017 年北京市高级中等学校招生考试英语试卷听力理解（共30 分）一、听对话，从下面各题所给的A、B、C 三幅图片中选择与对话内容相符的图片。

每段对话你将听两遍。

（共5 分，每小题1 分）二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选择最佳选项。

每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

（共15 分，每小题1.5 分）请听一段对话，完成第6 至第7 小题。

6. What does the woman want to drink?A. Tea.B. Milk.C. Juice.7. How much does the woman pay?A. $7.B. $8.C. $9.请听一段对话，完成第8 至第9 小题。

8. Where are the speakers going to have a picnic?A. In the park.B. On the hill.C. At the seaside.9. Who will join the speakers for the picnic?A. The boy’s dad.B. The boy’s grandpa.C. The boy’s grandma.请听一段对话，完成第10 至第11 小题。

10. How did the boy go to the wild animal park?A. By train.B. By car.C. By bus.11. What did the boy do in the wild animal park?A. He drew a picture.B. He fed an elephant.C. He saw a bird show.请听一段对话，完成第12 至第13 小题。

12. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Different reading skills.B. Some benefits of reading.C. The man’s reading habits.13. What does the man think of reading?A. He believes it is enjoyable.B. He finds it a little difficult.C. He thinks it takes too much time.请听一段独白，完成第14 至第15 小题。

2017年中考英语试题（word版,含答案）201 7年⾼中阶段学校招⽣统⼀考试英语本试卷分为第I卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共12页。

考试时间120分钟，满分120分。

温馨提⽰：1．答题前，考⽣务必将⾃⼰的姓名、座位号、考号⽤0.5毫⽶⿊⾊签字笔填写在答题卡上。

监考⽼师统⼀将条形码贴在答题卡规定的位置后，考⽣须认真核对，确认⽆误。

2．选择题必须使⽤2B铅笔，在答题卡相应位置规范填涂。

如需改动，⽤橡⽪擦擦⼲净后，再选涂其他答案标号；⾮选择题⽤0.5毫⽶⿊⾊签字笔作答，作答必须写在答题卡的对应框内，超出答题区书写的答案⽆效；在草稿纸、试题卷上作答⽆效。

3．考试结束后，将试卷及答题卡⼀并交回。

第I卷（选择题共85分）第⼀部分听⼒（共两节满分20分）第⼀节（本题共5⼩题，每⼩题1分，计5分）听下⾯五段对话，每段对话后有⼀个⼩题，从题中所给的A、B、C三幅图⽚中选出最佳选项，并将答题卡上对应题号的答案标号涂⿊。

听完每段对话后，你将有5秒钟的时间来回答有关⼩题和阅读下⼀⼩题。

每段对话读两遍。

1. Which invention does the man think is the most important?2. What festival are they talking about?3. What did Mary use to look like?4. How do people in China greet others when they meet for the first time?5. Where did Lily go on vacation?第⼆节（本题共15⼩题，每⼩题1分，计15分）听下⾯四段对话和⼀段独⽩，每段对话或独⽩后有⼏个⼩题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并将答题卡上对应题号的答案标号涂⿊。

听每段对话或独⽩前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各⼩题；听完后，各⼩题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

大国之路综合篇（资本主义历程、大国崛起）一、选择题◆（ 2017 ·山东日照） 15．法国大革命、美国独立战争、美国南北战争、俄国1861 年改革、日本明治维新对各国历史发展的相似影响是（） AA．为资本主义发展开辟了道路B．维护了国家统一C．确立起资产阶级共和政体D．助长了军国主义势力二、非选择题◆（ 2017·湖南娄底） 56．（ 13 分）近代大国崛起，各具特色的发展道路和经验教训，启迪着今天，也影响着未来。

阅读材料，回答问题。

材料一未经议会同意，国王无权废除法律或停止法律的执行；未经议会同意，国王无权征收租税；除议会同意外，在国内招收常备军，均属非法。

议会议员之选举，必须自由。

——《权利法案》（ 1）根据材料一分析，国王和议会是何关系？（ 1 分）根据法案的基本原则，英国确立了怎样的政治体制？（ 1 分）材料二我们以这些殖民地善良人民的名义和权利宣布：这些联合殖民地从此成为，而且名正言顺地成为自由独立的合众国。

（ 2）材料二宣布解脱哪一国的殖民统治？（ 1 分）这一历史文献的发表有何意义？（ 1 分）材料三战争之后，美国成为了单一的、联合的、强大的国家，这奠定了美国在20 世纪成为世界第一强国的基础。

如果美国在19 世纪 60 年代的时候，分裂成了两个或者更多的国家，或者北方没有赢得胜利，这是根本不可能实现的。

所以，这场战争对美国的未来产生了深远的影响。

——《大国崛起》（3）材料三中的“ 争”是哪一重大事件？（ 1 分）“ 美国的未来生了深的影响”表在哪些方面？（ 2 分）材料四“ 藩置”，加中央集。

承土地私有，允土地。

引西方技, 鼓励展近代工。

材料五法令定：奴在法律上是“自由人”，地主不奴和干涉他的生活；奴在得“解放” ，可以得到一份地，但他必出。

（ 4）材料四、五各反映的是什么史事件？（ 2 分）它史作用有哪些共同之？（ 2 分）（ 5）根据以上材料并合所学知，你它的崛起我哪些启示？（ 2 分）56．（ 13 分）（ 1）会高于王（王受会限制， 1 分），君主立制（ 1 分）（ 2）英国（ 1 分）；志着美国的生（ 1 分）（ 3）美国南北争（或美国内， 1 分）；除了黑人奴隶制度，了祖国一，本主迅速展清了障碍（ 2 分）。

浙江省舟山市2017年中考英语真题试题考生须知：1．本试题卷分卷 I（选择题）和卷 II（非选择题）两部分。

请考生使用规定用笔，将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

做在试题卷上无效。

2．全卷共 8 页，7 大题。

满分为 120 分。

考试时间为 100 分钟。

温馨提示：答题前请仔细阅读答题纸上的“注意事项”。

卷I注意：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

一、听力（本题有 15 小题；第一节每小题 1 分，第二、三节每小题 2 分；共计 25 分）第一节：听小对话，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出正确的选项，回答问题。

1.What is the weather like?A.Sunny.B. Rainy.C. Cloudy.2.What time does Sam get up on weekends?A. At 8:00.B. At 9:00.C. At 10:00.3.Where does David come from?A.Canada.B. Britain.C. Australia.4.How did Jack get to the cinema?A.On foot.B. By car.C. By bus.5.What will the man probably do this afternoon?A.Go shopping.B. Go swimming.C. Go fishing. 第二节：听长对话，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出正确的选项，回答问题。

听下面一段较长对话，回答第 6、7 两个问题。

6.What’s wrong with Linda?A.She has a headache.B. She has a cold.C. She has a fever.7.What’s the most possible relatio nship between the two speakers?A.Father and daughter.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.听下面一段较长对话，回答第 8~10 三个问题。

宁波市2017年初中毕业生学业考试英语试题（满分120分，考试时间不100分钟）一、听力（本题有15小题，第一节每小题1分，第二、三节每小题2分；共计25分）第一节：听小对话，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

( ) 1. Which cartoon character does Eric like best?A. B. C.( ) 2. What is the boy going to do?A. B. C.( ) 3. How sill the speakers go home?A. B. C.( ) 4. Where does the conversation probably happen?A. B. C.( )A. B. C.听下面一段较长的对话，回答第6-7两小题。

( )A. Go fishing in the river.B. Read in the sunshine.C. Walk in the countryside. ( )A. Spring.B. Summer.C. Winter.听下面一段较长的对话，回答第8-10三小题。

( )A. For a trip.B. For an interview.C. For a party.( )A. Dark blue.B. Gray.C. Brown( )10. How much does the man need to pay in the end?阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A very rich man Peter lost his sight. The 16 told him that only by doing a cornea(角膜)transplant operation could he bring his sight back. Peter 17 a lot of money for the cornea, but time passed day after day, 18 came for that. It was all because he was too proud of his “wealth”, and had done many dishonest things.One day, he took a walk in the park. He raised his head to 19 the long-awaited sunshine. However, he saw nothing but darkness.Just as Peter started feeling 20 , someone suddenly ran into him. “Don’t you have eyes? Don’t you see who you hit! I’m millionaire Peter!” Peter said 21 .The answer was from a little boy, “I’m 22 , sir. I didn’t notice. Please forgive (原谅) me!”Suddenly Peter changed his mind and said, “I can forgive you, but you must 23 me!”The boy said yes repeatedly and Peter nodded with satisfaction and asked, “Is the 24 big today?”The boy answered merrily, “Yes, it is pretty fine today, big and bright!”Peter smiled. He thought he could feel the sun again. He asked, “Is the park beautiful?”“Yes, very! The grass is green and the flowers are pretty. The little 25 are so lovely when the birds sing in them.”26 he was listening, Peter began to envy (嫉妒) that boy.Suddenly, he 27 ,“God! How I envy this boy! It’s unfair! Why not give me good 28 ?”“You are wrong!” a woman said to Peter. “My son is 29 just like you. He could only tell you so much because that’s all I told him!” Tears suddenly 30 Peter’s eyes.( )22. A. surprised B. afraid C. sorry D. puzzled ( )23. A. look after B. chat with C. wait for D. write to ( )24. A. wind B. sun C. cloud D. moon ( )25. A. kites B. rivers C. stones D. trees ( )26. A. As B. Because C. Although D. Unless ( )27. A. understood B. cried C. asked D. smiled ( )28. A. hearing B. feelings C. sight D. tastes ( )29. A. deaf B. rich C. blind D. normal ( )30. A. filledB. coveredC. touchedD. entered三、阅读理解（本题有15小题，每小题2分；共计30分）阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

2017年##省初中毕业生升学文化课考试英语解析卷本试卷分卷I和卷II两部分.卷I为选择题,卷II为非选择题.本试卷满分120分,考试时间120分钟.卷I〔选择题,共85分〕注意事项：1. 答卷I前,考生务必将自己的##、##号、科目填涂在答题卡上.考试结束,监考人员将试卷和答题卡一并收回.2. 答卷I时,每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,答在试卷上无效.3．听力部分共包括两小节：第一节在卷I,第二节在卷II.完成第一节后,请根据录音指令,在卷II完成第二节.听力部分〔第一节〕I．听句子,选出句子中所包含的信息.〔共5小题,每小题1分,计5分〕1. A. catB. capC. cup[答案]A[解析]NO. 1. My pet cat is very cute.[考点]听句子选单词信息2. A. try onB. turn onC. put on[答案]A[解析]NO. 2. I'd like to try on this pair of shoes.[考点]听句子选词组信息3. A. September 2ndB. November 22ndC. December 27th[答案]B[解析]NO. 3. Sally will travel to France on November 22nd.[考点]听句子选日期数据信息4. A. I’ll invite him to the party.B. I like the drinks at the party.C. I’ll provide drinks for the party.[答案]C[解析]NO. 4. I’ll pro vide you with drinks at the party. Provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.[考点]听句子选同义句5. A. People were angry with the players.B. People were happy to join the players.C. People were excited to see the players.[答案]C[解析]NO. 5. Peo ple be gan to cheer as the players passed by.〔运动员经过时,人们开始欢呼.〕[考点]听句子选同义句II.听句子,选出该句的最佳答语.<共5小题,每小题1分,计5分>6. A. I’m fine. B. I’m reading.C. I’m nineteen.[答案]A[解析]NO. 6. How are you doing, Jack? 〔Jack,你近来怎么样？〕[考点]听句子选出答语,日常问候与答语.7. A. Sure.B. Good idea.C. Many thanks.[答案]A[解析]NO. 7. Could I take a look at your picture? 〔我能看看你的照片吗？〕[考点]听句子选出答语,委婉的请求与答语.8. A. That’s great. B. Never mind.C. You’re welcome.[答案]B[解析]NO. 8. I’m sorry. I forgot your birthday. 〔很抱歉,我忘了你的生日.〕[考点]听句子选出答语,道歉与答语.9. A. It’s clean.B. It’s getting dark.C. It’s very hot.[答案]C[解析]NO. 9. What’s the weather like in Beij ing?[考点]听句子选出答语,问天气与答语.10. A. Sorry, I don’t know.B. Yes, I think so.C. No, I don’t feel well.[答案]B[解析]NO.10. You’d better go to see a doctor.[考点]听句子选出答语,提建议与答语.III.听对话和问题,选择正确的选项.<共8小题,每小题1分,计8分>11. What will the woman get for the man?A. B. C.[答案]B[解析]M: Excuse me, would you please bring me another spoon. I drop mine on the floor!W: All right.I’ll bring you a new one right way, and some more tea?M: No, thank you.[考点]听对话选图12. Where is Jane now?A. B. C.[答案]B[解析]W: Hello, Tom. This is Alice at the office. Is Jane at home?M: Oh, Sorr y, Jan e is working at the school with her students. But she will be home for lunch.W: OK. I’ll call again. Thanks. Bye.[考点]听对话选图*********************************************************************13. What does Peter want to do?A. Help to cook.B. Set the table.C. Wash the dishes.14. Why doesn’t Mom let Peter help her at first?A. The work is afraid home.B. Peter has something to do.C. She thinks he’s tooyoung.[答案]13---14: A, C[解析]这是一段Peter想要学做饭时与妈妈的对话.根据语境和听力材料,可知选项A和C为正确答案.13. M: Is there anything I can do to help, Mum?14. W: No. Peter. You don’t have to. You are still young.M: Come on Mum. I’m 13years old now. Don’t you think it’s time for me to learn cooking?W: All right. If you really want to help, wash these potatoes on the dish.[考点]听对话回答问题.**********************************************************************15. Who speaks English best?A. Lucy.B. Mark.C. Lily.16. What will Lucy do if she has no one to talk to?A. Take to herself.B. Practice with Lily.C. Study in a university.17. What does Mark think of Lucy’s learning method?A. Popular.B. Creative.C. Interesting.18. When did Lucy start practicing this way?A. Half a year ago.B. Two years ago.C. Two and a half years ago.[答案]15---18:C, A ,B, C[解析]这是一段Mark想要提高自己的英语口语,请教Lucy学习方法时的对话.15. C,M: Lu cy, yo ur spoken English is pretty good. Please tell me something about your learning experience.W: I don’t kno w what to say, Mark. Actually, Lily’s spoken English is better than mine. But what do you want to know any way?16. A,M: You see I don’t have a chance. I mean, if you have no one to talk to, what would you do?W: Well, I ta lk to myself .That is I speak one role first then the other.17. B,M: That’s a good idea. You are really creative. How lon g have you been practicing like this?18. C,M: That’s a g ood idea. You are really creative. How long have you been practicing like this?W: Well, I stud ied wh en I was in my second year of university.That was two and a half years ago.[考点]听对话回答问题.[点拨]15题提问的是"谁说得英语最好〞,根据"Actually, Lily’s spoken English is better than mine.〞,可知,应选C.IV.听短文和问题,选择正确答案.<共7小题,每小题1分,计7分>19. What are they going to hear?A. Six sentences.B. A conversation.C. News on TV.20. Which letter should they choose if the sentence is correct?A. N.B. A.C. B21. How long will they look at the questions before listening?A. Three seconds.B. Four seconds.C. Twenty seconds.[答案]19---21：B, B, C[解析]这是一段课堂独白,独白中老师要求学生听对话判断句子的正误.19. B,根据独白中教师的叙述"Y ou are going to hear a conversation between a boy Tang and a girl Betty about a TV show.〞可知,正确答案是选项B.20. B,根据独白中教师的要求"I f it is correct, choose the letter A for Yes.〞可知,正确答案是选项B.21. C,根据独白中教师的陈诉"Yo u have 20 seconds to look at the questions for this part.〞可知,正确答案是选项C.[考点]听短文回答问题.**************************************************************************22. When do they have courses in the Star Theater School?A. Every day.B. Every weekend.C. During school holidays.23. At what age can the children go to the Star Theater School?A. Between 9 and 16.B. Between 8 and 16.C. Between 14 and 17.24. How much are the courses for 15-year-old kids?A.￡75 a month.B.￡50 a month.C. ￡85 a month.25. What do they offer for free?A. Clothes.B. Books.C. Lunch.[答案]22---25：C ,A, A, B[解析]这是the Star Theater School.所做宣传的文字资料.22. C,根据资料"W e have courses on weekdays during school holidays for children between 9 and 16 years old.〞,可知选C.23. A,根据资料"We have courses on weekdays during school holidays for children between 9 and 16 years old.〞,可知选A.24. A,根据资料"If you ar e 14、15 or 16, the price is only 75 pounds a month.〞,可知选A.25. B,根据资料"And we offer three books for free.〞,可知选B.[考点]听短文回答问题.笔试部分V.单项选择<共10小题,每小题1分,计10分>选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.26. ---Is this Kate’s bicycle?---No, ________ is under the tree. She put it there this morning.A. hisB. hersC. mineD. yours[答案]B[解析]句意：---这是Kate的自行车吗？---不是,她的在树下,她今天早上放那的.试题分析：四个选项都是名词性物主代词,其不同在于适用于不同的人称.Kate是女生,根据语境,应选B.[考点]名词性物主代词的辨析.[点拨]对选项进行分类,明确各项之间的不同更有利于选择正确答案.27. Just walk dow n this road and you’ll see the museum ________ your right.A. onB. inC. atD. by[答案]A[解析]句意：只要沿着这条路走下去,你就会看到博物馆在你的右面.试题分析：on one’s right/left.固定搭配,意为：在某人的右面或左面.[考点]介词表示地点；介词的固定搭配；[点拨]固定的介词短语是掌握介词用法的助力,学生应随时记忆积累.28. Eating dumplings at the Spring Festival is ________ in China.A. patientB. luckyC. possibleD. traditional[答案]D[解析]句意：在中国,春节吃饺子是传统.试题分析：A. pati ent病人,有耐心的；B. lucky幸运的；C. possible可能的；D. traditional传统的；根据语境与意义,故选D.[考点]形容词的辨析[点拨]对于大多数学生而言,根据语境选择适当的词并不困难,而关键是词汇量的不足.Traditional,谐音记忆：传得深远.29. Grandfather lives with us. We all ________ him.A. look atB. look forC. look afterD. look like[答案]C[解析]句意：爷爷和我们住在一起,我们都照顾他.试题分析：选型A. loo k at看；B. look for寻找；C. look after照顾；照看；D. look like看起来像…；根据语境与意义,故选C.[考点]以look为中心词的词组的辨析.[点拨]动词词组的意义多与组合所使用的词有关,学生要注意体会记忆.30. I have travelled a lot. I ________ speak four languages.A. canB. mayC. mustD. need[答案]A[解析]句意：我经常旅游,我会说四种语言.试题分析：根据语境可知,本句表达的是能力.A. can能,表示能力；B. may可以,表示选择的可能性；C. must必须,表示规定或要求；D. need,需要,表示必要性；根据意义与用法,故选A.[考点]情态动词的辨析[点拨]情态动词的辨析,其中一个主要的方面即辨析情态动词的使用环境与用法.31. Don’t take the dictionary away. I ________ it.A. useB. usedC. am usingD. have used[答案]C[解析]句意：不要拿走字典,我正在用.试题分析：本题前后两句是因果关系,根据"Don’t take the dictionary away.〞可知,后句应使用进行时态,故选C.[考点]动词时态的辨析.[点拨]时态的辨析在于分清动词发生的时间与存在的状态.32. Mr. Liu is a really nice person --- the ________ person I know.A. nicerB. nicestC. happierD. happiest[答案]B[解析]句意：X先生是一个真正的好人,我所认识的最好的人.试题分析：根据"Mr. L iu is a really nice person〞可知,选项与形容词nice有关,根据the与person 后面的限制成分可知应选择最高级,故选B.[考点]形容词比较等级的辨析.[点拨]形容词的比较等级,需要体会句中所包含的比较关系.33. Wow! You ________ dinner! Let’s eat now.A. cookB. are cookingC. will cookD. have cooked[答案]D[解析]句意：Wow,你做好分了,让我们现在来吃.试题分析：根据""Wow〞与"now〞可知本句动词的时间是现在,根据语境可知动词的状态为完成.故选D.[考点]动词时态的辨析.[点拨]动词的时态可以根据选项与上下文之间的前后关系来判断.34. Mom won’t l et Dick go out ________ he promises to be back by 10:00 tonight.A. ifB. whenC. sinceD. unless[答案]D[解析]句意：妈妈不会让Dick出门,除非他承诺今晚十点以前回来.试题分析：根据语境判断,前后两句之间是条件关系,故排除选项B和C；根据语义可知前后两句存在转折关系,选项A不符合表达需要,故选D.[考点]连词的辨析[点拨]连词的辨析需要把握前后句子之间分逻辑关系,同时注意同类连词之间用法的不同.35. Hangzhou ________ as the City of Silk. Tourists like shopping for silk there.A. knowsB. is knownC. was knownD. will be known[答案]B[解析]句意：##作为丝绸之都被被人们所熟知,人们喜欢在那里购买丝绸.试题分析：根据主语与动词之间的关系可知本句是被动语态,故排除选项A；本句叙述的是大众日常的行为,应选择一般现在时态,故选B.[考点]动词语态的辨析[点拨]动词的语态主要通过主语与谓语动词之间的关系表示出来,英语中语态又存在不同石台上的辨析,可根据语言环境进行选择.VI.完形填空<共10小题,每小题1分,计10分>阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项.One thorn<刺> of experience is worth many times of warning.Ralph Wick was seven years old. In most things he was a fine boy, but he would cry from time to time. When he could not have what he wanted, he would 36 for it. If he was told that it would hurt him, and he could not 37 it, he would also cry.One day, he went with his mother into the 38. The sun shone. The grass was cut. The flowers were starting to come out.Ralph thought he was, for once, a good boy. A 39 was on his face. He wished to do as he was told. Ralph helped his mother with the farm work and he was very happy."Now you must be tired and 40,〞said his mother. "Have a good rest here and eat some cookies. I will get a beautiful red rose for you.〞So his mother brought the red flower to him. When he saw his mother still had a white rose in her hand, Ralph 41 it."No, my dear.〞said his mother. "See how many thorns it has. You must not touch it, or you would be sure to hurt your 42.〞When Ralph found that he could not have the white rose, he began to cry, and 43 took it away. But he was soon very sorry. The thorns hurt his hand. It was so 44 that he could not use it for some time.Ralph would never45 this. From then on, when he wanted what he should not have, his mother would point to his hand which had been hurt before. He at last learned to do as he was told.36. A. runB. cryC. planD. call37. A. saveB. hideC. haveD. lose38. A. parkB. gardenC. forestD. field39. A. smileB. signC. fearD. mark40. A. lazyB. noisyC. hungryD. sleepy41. A. waited forB. asked forC. cared forD. thanked for42. A. armB. legC. handD. foot43. A. quietlyB. proudlyC. politelyD. suddenly44. A. helpfulB. harmfulC. peacefulD. painful45. A. acceptB. refuseC. forgetD. remember[答案]36---40：B C D A C；41---45：B C D D C；[解析]本文叙述了主人公Ralp h Wick的一次生活经历,当妈妈告诉他不能拿白玫瑰,因为会刺伤他时,他不听劝阻而拿走,结果手被刺伤.以此来告诉我们相信劝阻,刺痛的经历值得多次被警醒.36. B,动词的辨析.句意：当他不能拥有他想要的东西时,他会因此而____.根据上文"but he would cry from time to time.〞〔他经常哭〕与下文"he would also cry.〞〔他也会哭〕可知,正确答案为选项B.37. C,动词的辨析.句意：如果他被告知东西会伤到他,他不能_____东西,他也会哭.本句有多个提示,因下文中多次出现此类语境,如"hen Ralph found that he could not have the white rose, he began to c ry,〞与"From then on, when he wanted what he should not have,〞可知应选择have；此外根据上下文语境可知,此处应选择"拥有〞,A. save节省；B. hide隐藏；C. have拥有；D. lose失去；根据语境与提示可知,正确答案为选项C.38. D,名词的辨析.句意：一天,他和妈妈一块儿去_____.根据下文的提示"he grass was cut. The flowers were starting to come out.〞尤其是"Ralph helped his mother with the farm work〞可知,本地点与花草与农业劳动有关,A. park公园；B. garden花园；C. forest森林；D. field田地；选项A,B和C不符合表达要求,故正确答案选项D.39. A,名词的辨析.句意：Ralp h认为这次他是个好孩子,_____在他的脸上.根据Ralph的想法与下文"he was very happy.〞〔他很高兴〕可知A. smile微笑；B. sign〔代表性〕标记；C. fear恐惧；D. mark 〔视觉上〕标记；B、C和D不符合表达需要,故正确答案是选项A.40. C,形容词的辨析.句意：现在你一定有累又_____.根据下文"Have a good rest here and eat some cookies.〞可知,Ralph应该很饿.故正确答案为选项C.41. B,动词词组的辨析.当Ra lph看见妈妈仍然有一枝白玫瑰在手中时,他_____它.A. waited for等待；B. asked for要；请求；C. cared for关心；在意；D. thanked for感激；根据选项与上下文语境可知,正确答案为B.42. C,名词的辨析.句意：你不能摸,否则你一定会被伤到_____.A. arm胳膊；B. leg腿；C. hand 手；D. foot脚；根据选项与语境可知,正确答案为选项C.43. D,副词的辨析.句意：当R alph被告知他不能拥有白玫瑰时,他开始哭,并且_____拿走了它.A. quietly悄悄地；B. proudly粗鲁地；C. politely有礼貌地；D. suddenly迅速地；根据选项与语境可知,正确答案为选项D.44. D,形容词的辨析.句意：刺伤到了他的手,那如此的_____以至于好长时间他不能用手.A. helpful有用的；B. harmful有害的；C. peaceful和平的；D. painful疼痛的；根据选项与语境可知,正确答案为选项D.45. C,动词的辨析.句意：Ra lph永远不能_____这事.A. accept接受；B. refuse拒绝；C. forget忘记；D. remember记得；根据选项与语境可知,正确答案为选项C.[考点]人物故事类完形填空；生活哲理小品文；[点拨]完形填空首先要知道文章的大意与写作目的,然后才能够根据语境、上下文提示、选项之间的不同等来做出判断.至少应能够把握文章的中心句,本篇第一句"One thorn<刺> of experience is worth many times of warning.〞与最后一句"From then on, when he wanted what he should not have, hismother would point to his hand which had been hurt before. He at last learned to do as he was told.〞都与文章中心直接相关.需要学生重点理解.VII.阅读理解<共15小题,每小题2分,计30分>阅读A、B、C三篇材料,然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项.ADavid walked down the street. All he wanted to do was to play basketball with Jim. But his mother told him to return his sister’s books to the library on his way to Jim’s house.In his eyes, books and summertime j ust don’t go together. He thought he had read a lot during the school year. And he had never set foot inside a public library. Today he’d just drop the books off in the outside return box, but it was locked. He had to go inside to return them.David walked inside the building a few minutes before closing time. He put the books into the return box. After a quick drink of water and a short stop in the toilet, he’d be on his way to meet Jim. He walked out of the toilet. The library lights were turned off. He was locked --- in a library.David tried to use the telephone, but he couldn’t find one. As the sun began to set, he searched for a light and found a little one on the desk. He used a pencil to write a note on a big piece of paper. It read, "I’m locked inside. Please call for help.〞He put it on the front door. Surely, someone passing by would see it. He then turned his attention to the library itself.He was surprised to discover that this place was not so bad. Rows and rows of b ooks! When he saw a book about Michael Jordan on the desk, he picked it up. He opened the book and began to read. He felt that being locked in the library didn’t seem to be such a terrible thing.46. What did David’s mother want him to do?A. Play basketball with Jim.B. Take a walk in the street.C. Read books in the libr ary.D. Return his sister’s books.47. David thought he had read a lot during ________.A. a visit t o Jim’sB. the school yearC. the closing timeD.the summertime48. Davidwent inside the building because ________.A. the sun began to setB. he wanted to use the telephoneC. he needed to go to the toiletD. the outside return box was locked49. Which of the following sentences could be added to the chart<图表>?searched for He put the C. He had a quick drink of water.D. He turned his attention to the library.50. David discovered that ________ after he was locked in the library.A. he was very afraid of the dark.B. he became interested in this place.C. his mom was worried about him.D. His friend became nervous about him.[答案]46---50：D B D D B ；[解析]本文叙述的是一向不喜欢光临图书馆的David,因为要帮妹妹还书,而被迫进入图书馆,因疏忽,他被锁在了里面.这次偶然的事件使David 觉得泡图书馆并不是想象中那样一件糟糕的事.46. D,细节判断题.问题：D avid 的妈妈想让他做什么？根据提问句子的主谓语内容"his mother 〞"wanted him to do 〞可以定位,本题答案在第一段,根据文中"But his mother told him to return his sister’s books to the library on his way to Jim’s house.〞可知,正确答案为D.47. B,细节判断题.问题：David 认为_____期间他已经读了很多的书.根据提问句子主句内容"David thought he had read a lot 〞可以定位,本题答案在第二段第二句.根据"He thought he had read a lot during the school year.〞可知,正确答案为B.48. D,细节判断题.问题：David 走进图书馆是因为_____.根据问题上句"David went inside the building 〞可以定位,本题答案在第二段.根据文中叙述"Today he’d just drop the books off in the outside return box, but it was locked. He had to go inside to return them.〞〔他只想把书放在外面的还书箱,但已经被锁上了,他不得不走进图书馆〕可知,正确答案为D.49. D,综合判断题.问题：哪一个句子可以填入表格中两个句子之间？试题分析：表格中上句"He wrote a note on a big piece of paper.〞在第四段结尾,下句"He opened the book and began to read.〞在第五段中间.而选项A. He searched for a light ；B. He put the books into the return box.；C. He had a quick drink of water.；均发生在上句之前,只有D 与文中"He then turned his attention to the library itself.〞同义,因此,正确答案为D.50. B,主旨理解题.问题：在被锁在图书馆之后,David 发现_____.被锁图书馆后,文中描述较多,故本题应从选项入手.A. he was very afraid of the dark.文中没有叙述；B. he became interested in this place.与文中"He was surprised to discover that this place was not so bad.〞〔他吃惊的发现这个地方并不坏〕"He felt that being locked in the library didn’t seem to be such a terrible thing.〞〔他感觉被锁在图书馆并不像是一件糟糕的事〕.结合两句所表明的意思与David 的行动可知,选项B 与文章叙述相一致；C. hismom was worried about him文中没有叙述；D. His friend became nervous about him文中没有涉与.分析选项可知,正确答案为B.[考点]人物故事类阅读理解[点拨]人物故事类阅读理解要求学生明白故事发生的时间、地点、原因、发展、经过、结果以与人物在故事中的思想认识与感情的发展变化.这可以作为阅读此类文章的思路.BYou Can Make a Windsock<风筒>Have you ever seen a windsock blowing in the wind? Well, you can make one of your own! This is a fun project that you can do with things you may have. You just need to follow a few easy steps.You will need:●one piece of heavy colored paper●five ribbons●strong tape●a string●a pencilWhat to do:Step 1: Draw pictures on the paper. You can write yourname on it. Do anything that will make it special to you.Step 2: Make the paper into the shape of a tube. Hold one of the shorter edges<边缘> over the other. Then make them togetherwith the tape at each end and in the middle.Step 3: Use a pencil to make a hole into both sides of the tube. The holesshould be only on one end of the tube. Pull the string through bothholes. Then tie the ends of the string together.Step 4: Now make five holes around the top of the other end of the tube.Put a ribbon through each of the holes. Tie a knot in the ends. Make sure the knots are bigger than the holes.Now your windsock is ready to use, but how does it work? The shape of the tube plays an important part. Wind blows through the tube and makes it fly and dance around. Hold the windsock up in the air by its string and run around. It will fly behind you. You can also hang it outside and watch it dance around on its own!51. You draw pictures on the paper to make the windsock ________.A. funB. heavyC. strongD. special52. Which of these things do you need for Step 2?A. Tape.B. Ribbons.C. A pencil.D. A string.53. What do you do after you put ribbons through the holes in the tube?A. Make holes in the tube.B. Tape the tube together.C. Tie knots in the ribbons.D. Put a string through the hole.54. What is probably the most important to make a windsock work?A. Its shape.B. Its size.C. The color of the paper.D. The number of the holes.55. What is the main purpose of this article?A. To tell an interesting story.B. To explain how to do something.C. To teach an important lesson.D. To show what a windsock is like.[答案]51---55：D A C A B；[解析]本文通过文字与图表的结合,向我们介绍了风筒的制作.51. D,细节判断题.问题：你在纸上画图是为了使风筒_____. 根据问题主干"You draw pictures on the paper〞可定位其目的在step 1中,根据文中"Do anything that will make it special to you.〞〔做这些事是为了使它对你有特殊意义〕可知,正确答案为D.52. A,细节判断题.问题：在第二步中下面哪个东西是需要的？A. Tape.出现在Step 2；B. Ribbons. 出现在Step 4；C. A pencil. 出现在Step 3；D. A string. 出现在Step 3；另根据"Then make them together with the tape at each end and in the middle.〞〔用胶带在中间和两头把他们粘在一起〕可知,正确答案为A.53. C,细节判断题.问题：在你把丝带穿过纸筒上的洞后你要做什么？根据问题主句"put ribbons through the holes in the tube〞将答案定位在Step 4,根据"Put a ribbon through each of the holes. Tie a knot in the ends.〞可知,正确答案为C.54. A,细节判断题.问题：使风筒飞行最重要的可能是什么？根据问题内容与本文结构,我们将答案定位在最后一段,根据文中"Now your windsock is ready to use, but how does it work? The shape of the tube plays an important part.〞〔你的风筒准备使用,但怎样工作,纸筒的外形很重要〕可知,正确答案为A.55. B,主旨理解题.问题：这篇文章的主要目的是什么？主旨题要与中心句相关,本文的中心句"Well, you can make one of your own!〞〔你可以做一个自己的风筒〕A. To tell an interesting story.讲一个重要的故事；B. To explain how to do something.解释如何做东西；C. To teach an important lesson.讲一个重要的课；D. To show what a windsock is like.展示风筒像什么；根据文章主题句以与文章结构,可知选项A,C和D与文章不一致,故正确答案为B.[考点]图表说明文类阅读理解[点拨]文章的结构在阅读理解中关系重大,本文一个总题目You Can Make a Windsock<风筒>；两个二级题目：You will need:〔需要什么〕和What to do〔做什么〕接下来是需要的东西〔5个〕和怎样做〔四步〕,通过对结构的观察可知文章的中心在第一段,整篇文章总—分—总结构.这样对文章的理解更进一步,问题的解决更简单一些.CHere is a story: A man sees a butterfly<蝴蝶>. The butterfly tries to get out of its chrysalis<蛹>. Feeling sorry for it, the man decides to help. He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily. Surprisingly enough, the butterfly is unable to fly. If the butterfly doesn’t struggle<挣扎；奋斗> to leave the chrysalis, it can’t fly! The struggle develops the en ergy in the butterfly which makes it fly. Similarly, the challenges of life bring out the best in young people and make the fly.When people are young, meeting and overcoming challenges will make th em strong and ready to face life. When we look at successful people, we see that the most successful of them are people who have had to struggle. One famous businessman, who now owns many big supermark ets, used to carry clothes on his back and sell them from door to door when he was young. Another successful man is Dennis. His father died when he was only twenty. His father’s death forced him to mature fast. He had to bring up a family of nine people. He took up the challenges and overcame them. Today his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives.Sometimes challenges do not appear to us because we keep away from them. So some parents and teachers actively encourage young people to face challenges. They might organize some activities for young people which provide them with challenges, like rock-climbing, camping, volunteer work and so on. However, just passing exams will not prepare a person for life. We must meet and overcome challenges. The young peopl e of today will become the leaders of tomorrow. For countries to continue to become successful, it is important that the young people learn to meet challenges and overcome them.56. From the story we know that the butterfly can’t fly because ________.A. it gets out by itselfB. the man feels sorry for itC. it tries to challenge itselfD. the man helps it come out57. Dennis’s example shows that successful people should ________.A. overcome the difficultiesB. take up business earlyC. become the leaders of tomorrowD. sell clothes from door to door58. The meaning of the underlined word "mature〞in the passage is "________〞.A. wake upB. give upC. grow upD. bring up59. What is the writer trying to do in this passage?A. Describe where a butterfly comes from.B. Encourage young people to face challenges.C. Suggest how to become a successful businessman.D. Explain what will happen if a person fails the exam.60. What is the best title for this passage?A. Successful People Have a Sense of AchievementB. Young People Must Develop Their Energy ActivelyC. Countries Should Continue to Become SuccessfulD. Challenges of Life Bring Out the Best in Young People[答案]56---60：D A C B D；[解析]本文论述了挑战在人生经历中的重要性,最终告诉人们：年轻人学会面对挑战并战胜挑战非常重要.56. D,细节判断题.问题：从文章中我们知道,蝴蝶不能飞是因为_____.根据问题主句"the butterfly can’t fly〞定位答案在第一段.根据文章叙述"Feeling sorry for it, the man d ecides to help.He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily. Surprisingly enough, the butterfly is unable to fly.〞〔人因为蝴蝶痛苦而感到遗憾,决定帮助它,人切断茧,蝴蝶很容易的出来,但吃惊的是不能飞〕；选项A. it gets out by itself它自己出来；B. the man feels sorry for it人因此感到遗憾；C. it tries to challenge itself它试图挑战自己；D. the man helps it come out人帮助它出来；结合文章语境与选项内容可知,正确答案是D.57. A,综合判断题.问题：De nnis的例子说明成功的人应该_____.根据Dennis的例子,定位答案在第二段.根据第二段结构,举例是为了说明本段第一句的主题句,即"When people are young, meeting and overcoming challenges will make them strong and ready to face life. When we look at successful people, we see that the most successful of them are people who have had to struggle.〞〔人们年轻时遇到并战胜挑战使他们强壮并准备面向生活,成功的人最成功之处是他们不得不挣扎〕；选项 A. overcome the difficulties战胜困难；B. take up business early早早地开始生意；C. become the leaders of tomorrow成为明天的主人；D. sell clothes from door to door挨家挨户的卖衣服；根据语境与选项判断可知,选项B,C和D与文章论述不符,故正确答案是A.58. C,语义推理题.问题：文章中划线单词"mature〞的意思是_____.根据黑体位置定位答案需重点理解第二段,根据文章对Dennis 的叙述,上文"父亲在他20岁时去世,父亲的去世迫使他_____迅速.〞联系上下文与选项A. wake up起床；B. give up放弃；C. grow up成长；D. bring up提出；养育；可知,正确答案是C.59. B,主旨理解题.问题：文章中作者试图做什么？首先分析选项：A. Describe where a butterfly comes from.描述蝴蝶来自哪；B. Encourage young people to face challenges.鼓励年轻人面对挑战；C. Suggest how to become a successful businessman.建议如何成为成功的商人；D. Explain what will happen if a person fails the exam.解释如果一个人考试失败将会发生什么.文章的主旨英语主旨句密切相关,分析文章结构可知,文章的中心句在最后一句"it is important that the young people learn to meet challenges and overcome them.〞可知,中心句与选项B相一致,故正确答案是B60. D,主旨理解题.问题：文章最好的题目是什么？选项分析：A. Successful People Have a Sense of Achievement成功的人有成就感；B. Young People Must Develop Their Energy Actively年轻人必须积极开发他们的能量；C. Countries Should Continue to Become Successful国家应该继续变得成功；D. Challenges of Life Bring Out the Best in Young People年轻人人生中的挑战成就最美人生；根据文章结构与中心理解,结合选项对比可知,正确答案为D.[考点]文化教育类小品文；议论文阅读理解；[点拨]文化教育类阅读理解要求学生能够准确把握文章论述的观点,作者的态度,作者通过哪些方式或手段对观点进行了论述.这是此类文章解题的重要思路.文章的主题句通常在文章的开头或结尾,有时也会根据文章结构的需要做适当的调整.阅读理解时,首先应主动去发现文章的主题句,这对理解文章至关重要.注意事项：1. 答卷II前,将密封线左侧的项目填写清楚.2. 答卷II时,将答案用黑色自己的钢笔、签字笔或圆珠笔直接写在试卷上.。

2017中考试卷复习题及详细答案_中考试题及答案解析2017中考试卷复习题及详细答案_中考试题及答案解析娄底2017中考试卷复习题一、选择题(每小题只有一项最符合题意的答案)(60分)(6分)(2016•娄底)萨赫勒是阿拉伯语的音译，意为“边缘”，指沙漠之边.萨赫勒地区是撒哈拉沙漠南部向热带草原过渡的东西向狭长地带，宽约300～400千米，是半干旱的草原地区.读萨赫勒地区示意图，完成1〜2题.1.推测萨赫勒地区主要的农业部门是( )A.渔业B.林业C.种植业D.畜牧业2.萨赫勒地区主要的生态环境问题是( )A.土地沙漠化B.水土流失C.森林破坏D.湿地退化3.(3分)(2016•娄底)欧洲西部是全球橄榄油(由橄榄果榨取)重要的产地，该地区生产橄榄油的国家主要分布于( )A.波罗的海沿岸B.北海沿岸C.地中海沿岸D.北冰洋沿岸4.(3分)(2016•娄底)“世界那么美!应该去看看”，要游览、观赏热带沙漠风景，适宜选择去的国家是( )A.法国B.加拿大C.澳大利亚D.俄罗斯(6分)(2016•娄底)读图获取信息，完成5〜6题.5.图中数码表示的阴影区域，人口稠密的是( )A.②③B.①③C.②④D.①④6.从利物浦→华沙→赤塔，降水量的变化( )A.逐渐减少B.逐渐增多C.降水都很少D.降水都很多7.(3分)(2016•娄底)我国地大物博，地域饮食文化特色鲜明，各色菜肴在烹饪中形成了许多流派…下列著名菜系中源出我国北方地区的是( )A.湘菜B.川菜C.鲁菜D.粤菜(6分)(2016•娄底)中国海军某型护卫舰正在某海区(图中阴影范围)进行战备巡航，保卫祖国的蓝色海疆.读图完成8～9题.8.战舰巡航海区东至( )A.115°EB.115°WC.110°ED.110°W9.战舰巡航海区位于( )A.渤海B.黄海C.东海D.南海10.(3分)(2016•娄底)2016年1月5日，国际天文学联合会批准“嫦娥三号”探测器着陆点周边区域命名为“广寒宫”…我国月球探测取得非凡成就主要归功于大力发展了( )A.机械工业B.高新技术产业C.冶金工业D.飞机制造工业11.(3分)(2016•娄底)手抓羊肉是我国西部牧区蒙、藏、回、维等民族喜爱的传统食物.手抓羊肉，相传有近千年的历史，原以手抓食用而得名…我国下列地区中，可能是“手抓羊肉”这种传统食物源出地的是( )A.洞庭湖平原B.内蒙古草原C.珠江三角洲D.南海诸群岛12.(3分)(2016•娄底)近年来，针对珠江三角洲工业区出现“用工荒”的问题，采取的合理措施是( )A.减小企业投资规模B.关停高新技术产业C.进行产业升级和设备更新D.迁移大型先进制造业13.(3分)(2016•娄底)有关城市及其美称对应正确的是( )A.南京﹣﹣中国丝都B.杭州﹣﹣六朝古都C.广州﹣﹣羊城D.上海﹣﹣海上花园14.(3分)(2016•娄底)北京将在2022年举办冬季奥运会，你认为比赛时间最适宜安排在( )A.1月B.4月C.7月D.10月15.(3分)(2016•娄底)台湾有“东方甜岛”的美誉，主要得益于该岛能大量种植( )A.菠萝B.木瓜C.甜菜D.甘蔗(6分)(2016•娄底)读“娄底市天气预报图”回答16～17题.16.该日，最低气温可能出现在( )A.双峰B.娄底C.涟源D.大熊山17.根据天气预报图及依据你的生活体验判断，这段时期所处的季节( )A.双峰城乡﹣﹣寒风瑟瑟随雨雪B.大熊群山﹣﹣山花烂漫C.娄底新城﹣﹣赤日炎炎似火烧D.涟源山野﹣﹣橘子熟了(9分)(2016•娄底)读湖南某地等高线示意图，完成18〜20题.18.果园小木屋的海拔是( )A.100〜200米B.100〜150米C.150〜200米D.200〜250米19.登临M观景台，不可能观赏到的风景是( )A.仰望飞瀑B.俯瞰奇峰C.近观茶园D.远眺丽湖20.四月，春暖花开，地理兴趣小组成员徒步考察小琼河，下列景观可能见到的是( )A.金黄的稻田一片片，风吹稻穗香两岸B.嫩绿的茶园里人们采茶正忙C.满山坡的苹果树挂满了红彤彤的果子D.青稞地点染着河谷嫩绿的春色二、综合题(40分)21.(10分)(2016•娄底)阅读图文材料，完成下列各题.材料1：山西“杏花村”(如图)从南北朝以来，就以产“汾酒”著名，这里有历代文人雅士盛赞佳酿的题诗碑刻…杏花村水源优质，马跑神泉和古井泉水被人们称为“神泉”，晋中、吕梁地区盛产无污染的优质高粱、大麦、豌豆等.材料2：杜牧(唐)《清明》：清明时节雨纷纷，路上行人欲断魂.借问酒家何处有，牧童遥指杏花村.(1)汾河是河的支流;汾河流经的地形区是.(2)简述山西“杏花村”发展酿酒业有利的资源条件.(3)从地理学的角度思考分析，杜牧诗中的“杏花村”是否指的就是山西的“杏花村”?请简要说明理由.22.(10分)(2016•娄底)阅读图文材料，回答下列问题.材料1：2015年10月，中国与印度尼西亚签署协议，共同建设和运营雅加达至万隆高铁项目.雅万高铁全长150千米，将全部采用中国装备.爪哇岛四面环海，地壳运动活跃，多地震和火山，地形以山地、丘陵为主.爪哇岛的气候类型为热带雨林气候，终年炎热潮湿.材料2：爪哇岛等高线地形图(1)爪哇岛多地震和火山的原因是.(2)为修建雅万高铁，有一批大型工程机械从中国广州运往雅加达，适宜的运输方式是.(3)说明雅万高铁的修建对印尼的积极影响.(4)修建雅万高铁需要克服的不利地理条件有哪些?23.(10分)(2016•娄底)阅读图文材料，回答下列问题.材料：x藏西部和西北部是x藏最重要的食盐产地，这里的食盐广泛分布于湖边，根本无须晒盐.古代，x藏的牧民以十几户为一团队，组织上百头大型牲畜在冰雪消融的季节到x藏西部和西北部地区运输食盐.(1)x藏西部和西北部地区多食盐的湖泊属于(内流湖、外流湖).(2)推测古代x藏牧民运输食盐使用的大型牲畜是.(3)x藏牧民在食盐运输路线上需要克服的地理上的困难主要有哪些?(4)专家建议大力发展x藏地区的旅游业.你是否赞成这一建议，试简要说明理由.24.(10分)(2016•娄底)阅读图文材料，完成下列各题.材料：洛杉矶属冬雨夏干的地中海气候，7、8月份的平均气温约为21～25℃.1984年7月28日至8月12日，洛杉矶举办了第23届夏季奥林匹克运动会.第31届夏季奥林匹克运动会，将于2016年8月5日～21日在巴西里约热内卢举行，是首个举办奥运会的南美洲城市.(1)填表比较洛杉矶和里约热内卢.港口城市濒临海洋居民语言著名旅游景点所在国大量出口的农产品洛杉矶太平洋小麦、玉米里约热内卢葡萄牙语耶稣基督雕像(2)从地理学的角度分析洛杉矶奥运会时间选择的合理性.(3)奥运会期间，巴西将向全球展示“美丽巴西”、“绿色巴西”、“人文巴西”的风采…请选择上述任一主题，画一幅宣传漫画.2016年湖南省娄底市中考地理试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(每小题只有一项最符合题意的答案)(60分)(6分)(2016•娄底)萨赫勒是阿拉伯语的音译，意为“边缘”，指沙漠之边.萨赫勒地区是撒哈拉沙漠南部向热带草原过渡的东西向狭长地带，宽约300～400千米，是半干旱的草原地区.读萨赫勒地区示意图，完成1〜2题.1.推测萨赫勒地区主要的农业部门是( )A.渔业B.林业C.种植业D.畜牧业【考点】北非的主要海峡、沙漠和河流..【专题】示意图.【分析】非洲3/4的面积在南、北回归线之间，绝大部分地区年平均气温在20℃以上，气候普遍暖热，因而被称为“热带大陆”.【解答】解：热带沙漠气候主要分布在南北回归线经过的内陆地区以及大陆的西岸地区，以非洲北部的撒哈拉沙漠地区最为广大.萨赫勒地区位于沙漠边缘，是撒哈拉沙漠南部向热带草原过渡的东西向狭长地带，宽约300～400千米，是半干旱的草原地区，故其主要的农业部门是畜牧业.故选：D.【点评】考查北非气候类型的分布，要理解记忆.2.萨赫勒地区主要的生态环境问题是( )A.土地沙漠化B.水土流失C.森林破坏D.湿地退化【考点】北非的主要海峡、沙漠和河流..【专题】示意图.【分析】非洲3/4的面积在南、北回归线之间，绝大部分地区年平均气温在20℃以上，气候普遍暖热，因而被称为“热带大陆”.【解答】解：热带沙漠气候主要分布在南北回归线经过的内陆地区以及大陆的西岸地区，以非洲北部的撒哈拉沙漠地区最为广大，由于萨赫勒地区位于沙漠之边，降水稀少，主要的生态环境问题是土地沙漠化.故选：A.【点评】考查北非的生态环境，要理解记忆.3.(3分)(2016•娄底)欧洲西部是全球橄榄油(由橄榄果榨取)重要的产地，该地区生产橄榄油的国家主要分布于( )A.波罗的海沿岸B.北海沿岸C.地中海沿岸D.北冰洋沿岸【考点】欧洲西部的主要港口、国家和首都..【专题】分布图.【分析】世界橄榄油产国集中在地中海沿岸国家，主要为西班牙、意大利、希腊、突尼斯、土耳其、叙利亚、摩洛哥，这7个国家橄榄油产量占世界橄榄油总产量的90%. 西班牙、意大利、希腊为世界最大的三大橄榄油生产商和出口商，2001﹣2002年度这三个国家的橄榄油产量占全球橄榄油产量的3/4.【解答】解：世界橄榄油产国集中在地中海沿岸国家，主要为西班牙、意大利、希腊、突尼斯、土耳其、叙利亚、摩洛哥.故选：C.【点评】本题考查欧洲的国家，要结合地图解答.4.(3分)(2016•娄底)“世界那么美!应该去看看”，要游览、观赏热带沙漠风景，适宜选择去的国家是( )A.法国B.加拿大C.澳大利亚D.俄罗斯【考点】世界上的国家和地区概况..【专题】生态环境类简答题;发展中国家发达国家与国际合作.【分析】地球是人类唯一的家园.目前，全世界人口已超过70亿，分别居住在220多个国家和地区.【解答】解：热带沙漠气候主要分布在南北回归线经过的内陆地区以及大陆的西岸地区.法国、加拿大、澳大利亚和俄罗斯四国中，只有澳大利亚被(南)回归线穿过，分布着广阔的沙漠，其它三国无沙漠分布.故选：C.【点评】考查世界主要国家的景观特点，要理解记忆.(6分)(2016•娄底)读图获取信息，完成5〜6题.5.图中数码表示的阴影区域，人口稠密的是( )A.②③B.①③C.②④D.①④【考点】世界人口的分布特点和迁移状况..【专题】人口与人种.【分析】世界人口的地理分布很不均匀，有的地方稠密，有的地方稀疏.四大人口稠密地带：亚洲的东部和南部;欧洲的西部;北美洲和南美洲的东部等中低纬度近海的平原地区.这四个区域在气候上的共同特点温和湿润.【解答】解：读图可知，图中四个人口稠密的地区分别是：①欧洲西部;②亚洲中部;③亚洲东部;④亚洲北部等，①③位于中低纬度近海的平原地区.这两个区域在气候上的共同特点温和湿润.是人口稠密的地区.故选：B.【点评】该题考查的是世界人口稠密地区和稀疏地区的分布，读图解答即可.6.从利物浦→华沙→赤塔，降水量的变化( )A.逐渐减少B.逐渐增多C.降水都很少D.降水都很多【考点】年降水量的分布状况..【专题】示意图;天气与气候.【分析】世界降水的规律是：受纬度因素的影响，赤道地区降水多，两极地区降水少.赤道附近地区平均降水量在2000毫米以上，是世界降水最丰富的地区.受海陆因素的影响，中纬度沿海地区降水多，内陆地区降水少.回归线穿过的大陆内部和西部降水少，东岸降水多.受地形的影响，山地迎风坡降水多，背风坡降水少.【解答】解：中纬度沿海地区降水多，内陆地区降水少.受海陆因素的影响，从沿海到内陆，从利物浦→华沙→赤塔，降水量逐渐减少.故选：A.【点评】考查世界降水的特点及影响因素，要理解记忆.7.(3分)(2016•娄底)我国地大物博，地域饮食文化特色鲜明，各色菜肴在烹饪中形成了许多流派…下列著名菜系中源出我国北方地区的是( )A.湘菜B.川菜C.鲁菜D.粤菜【考点】我国省级行政单位的名称和位置..【专题】课本知识迁移类开放题;中国的疆域与行政区划.【分析】北方地区指秦岭﹣淮河一线以北、内蒙古高原以南、大兴安岭、乌鞘岭以东的广大地区，主要包括东北地区和华北地区;从行政区划看，具体包括黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、北京、天津、河北、山东、河南、山西、陕西、内蒙古东部、江苏北部、安徽北部、甘肃东南部、宁夏中南部.【解答】解：湘菜中的湘是湖南省的简称，湖南省位于南方地区;川菜中的川是四川省的简称，四川省主要位于南方地区;粤菜中的粤是广东省的简称，广东省位于南方地区;鲁菜中的鲁是山东省的简称，山东省位于北方地区;依据题意.故选：C.【点评】本题考查我国省区的简称及位置，理解解答即可.(6分)(2016•娄底)中国海军某型护卫舰正在某海区(图中阴影范围)进行战备巡航，保卫祖国的蓝色海疆.读图完成8～9题.8.战舰巡航海区东至( )A.115°EB.115°WC.110°ED.110°W【考点】用经纬网确定方向和任意地点的位置..【专题】经纬网图;地球仪与经纬网.【分析】由经线和纬线相互交织所构成的网络叫做经纬网，利用经纬网可以确定地球表面任何一个地点的位置.在经纬网上，若相邻两条经线的经度向东增大，就是东经，用符号E表示，若相邻两条经线的经度向西增大，就是西经，用符号W表示;若相邻两条纬线的纬度向北增大，就是北纬，用符号N表示，若相邻两条纬线的纬度向南增大，就是南纬，用符号S表示.【解答】解：依据经纬度的判读，读图分析可知，战舰巡航海区的经度范围是110°E﹣115°E;由此可知，战舰巡航海区东至115°E;依据题意.故选：A.【点评】本题考查经纬网的判读，读图理解解答即可.9.战舰巡航海区位于( )A.渤海B.黄海C.东海D.南海【考点】我国的邻国和濒临的海洋..【专题】示意图;中国的疆域与行政区划.【分析】我国是世界上重要的海洋大国，大陆海岸线长达1.8万多千米，从北到南，濒临的海洋依次是渤海、黄海、东海和南海，它们都是太平洋的边缘部分，台湾岛东海岸直接面临太平洋，渤海和琼州海峡是我国的内海.【解答】解：依据战舰巡航海区所处的经纬度，读图分析可知，战舰巡航海区位于南海.依据题意.故选：D.【点评】本题考查我国的临海，读图解答即可.10.(3分)(2016•娄底)2016年1月5日，国际天文学联合会批准“嫦娥三号”探测器着陆点周边区域命名为“广寒宫”…我国月球探测取得非凡成就主要归功于大力发展了( )A.机械工业B.高新技术产业C.冶金工业D.飞机制造工业【考点】高新技术产业的发展..【专题】配对题.【分析】高新技术产业是以电子和信息类产业为“龙头”的产业，产品的科技含量很高，产品更新换代快.我国高新技术产业以高新技术开发区的形式分布，大多依附于大城市，呈现出大分散、小集中的特点.【解答】解：航空航天属于高新技术产业，我国月球探测取得非凡成就主要归功于我国发展高新技术产业.故选：B.【点评】本题考查高新技术产业的特点，理解解答即可.11.(3分)(2016•娄底)手抓羊肉是我国西部牧区蒙、藏、回、维等民族喜爱的传统食物.手抓羊肉，相传有近千年的历史，原以手抓食用而得名…我国下列地区中，可能是“手抓羊肉”这种传统食物源出地的是( )A.洞庭湖平原B.内蒙古草原C.珠江三角洲D.南海诸群岛【考点】中国的地形的特征和分布..【专题】地形图;中国的地形与地势.【分析】畜牧业主要分布在400毫米年等降水量线以西地区，如内蒙古高原、x疆、青海和x藏等地区的农业以畜牧业为主.【解答】解：洞庭湖平原、珠江三角洲和南海诸群岛都位于我国东部季风区，该些地区的居民没有手抓羊肉的习惯，内蒙古草原畜牧业比较发达，其居民有手抓羊肉的习惯.故选：B.【点评】本题考查我国不同地形区的农业特点，理解解答即可.12.(3分)(2016•娄底)近年来，针对珠江三角洲工业区出现“用工荒”的问题，采取的合理措施是( )A.减小企业投资规模B.关停高新技术产业C.进行产业升级和设备更新D.迁移大型先进制造业【考点】珠江三角洲工业基地的位置和特点..【专题】工业及其区位分析;中国的工业与高新技术产业.【分析】珠江三角洲利于其紧邻港澳的优越地理位置，引进了大量的外资和先进的技术及管理经验，创办了一大批对劳动力要求较多的加工制造业.如纺织和服装制造业、电子及通信制造业、玩具制造业等以轻工业为主的工业部门.珠江三角洲工业发展迅速，劳动力需求大，就业机会多、报酬高，所以我国每年有大量的“打工妹”、“打工仔”纷纷涌向该地区.【解答】解：珠江三角洲利于其紧邻港澳的优越地理位置，引进了大量的外资和先进的技术及管理经验，创办了一大批对劳动力要求较多的加工制造，近年来出现的“用工荒”问题，较为合理措施是产业升级和设备更新.故选项C符合题意.故选：C.【点评】此题考查我国内地与港澳地区联系密切的有关知识，要认真分析.13.(3分)(2016•娄底)有关城市及其美称对应正确的是( )A.南京﹣﹣中国丝都B.杭州﹣﹣六朝古都C.广州﹣﹣羊城D.上海﹣﹣海上花园【考点】中国各省级行政区的简称和行政中心..【专题】示意图;中国的疆域与行政区划.【分析】中国丝都是指杭州，六朝古都是指南京，羊城是指广州，海上花园是指澳门.【解答】解：中国丝都是指杭州，六朝古都是指南京，羊城是指广州，海上花园是指澳门，选项C对应正确，符合题意.故选：C.【点评】本题考查我国不同城市的称号，牢记即可.14.(3分)(2016•娄底)北京将在2022年举办冬季奥运会，你认为比赛时间最适宜安排在( )A.1月B.4月C.7月D.10月【考点】气候复杂多样和主要气候类型..【专题】生态环境类简答题;中国的气候.【分析】北京位于华北平原北缘，北部是燕山山脉，西部是太行山脉余脉西山.北京地势由西北向东南倾斜，主要河流有永定河、潮白河等，均属海河水系.【解答】解：北京属于典型的温带季风气候，春季干旱多风，夏季高温多雨，秋季晴爽宜人，冬季寒冷干燥.根据北京的气候特点可以判定，2022年举办冬季奥运会的时间应该是1月份.故选：A.【点评】考查北京的气候特点，要理解记忆.15.(3分)(2016•娄底)台湾有“东方甜岛”的美誉，主要得益于该岛能大量种植( )A.菠萝B.木瓜C.甜菜D.甘蔗【考点】台湾省的地理位置和地域组成..【专题】课本知识迁移类开放题;中国的地理差异与四大地理区域.【分析】台湾省位于我国东南海域，主体是台湾岛，此外，还有周围的澎湖列岛、钓鱼岛等200多个岛屿，其中台湾岛是我国最大的岛屿;台湾西隔台湾海峡与福建省相望，临东海和南海，而且台湾岛东海岸直接面向太平洋;台湾岛多山，高山和丘陵面积占全部面积的三分之二以上，台湾省西部地区以平原为主.【解答】解：台湾盛产甘蔗，有“东方甜岛”之称;台湾盛产香蕉菠萝等，有“水果之乡”之称;台湾盛产稻米，有“海上米仓”之称;台湾的森林面积广阔，有“森林之海”之称;台湾的植物种类繁多，有“天然植物园”之称;台湾盛产海盐，有“东南盐库”之称.依据题意.故选：D.【点评】本题考查台湾的美称，理解解答即可.(6分)(2016•娄底)读“娄底市天气预报图”回答16～17题.16.该日，最低气温可能出现在( )A.双峰B.娄底C.涟源D.大熊山【考点】卫星云图与天气预报..【专题】示意图;天气与气候.【分析】影响气候的因素主要有纬度因素、地形地势因素、海陆因素、洋流因素和人类活动等.【解答】解：地势对气候的影响表现在随着地势的增高，气温降低，海拔每升高100米，气温约下降0.6℃;读图可知，图中大熊山海拔1622米，海拔最高，因此气温可能最低.故选：D.【点评】此题考查的是地势对气温的影响，理解答题即可.17.根据天气预报图及依据你的生活体验判断，这段时期所处的季节( )A.双峰城乡﹣﹣寒风瑟瑟随雨雪B.大熊群山﹣﹣山花烂漫C.娄底新城﹣﹣赤日炎炎似火烧D.涟源山野﹣﹣橘子熟了【考点】卫星云图与天气预报..【专题】示意图;天气与气候.【分析】在天气预报图上，我们可以看到一些符号，这些符号都是用来表示天气状况的，它们都有特定的含义.【解答】解：读图可知，这段时期气温较低，处于冬季，而且伴有雨雪天气，因此选项A叙述正确，BCD叙述错误.故选：A.【点评】此题考查的常用的天气符号和气候特征，结合教材熟练掌握.(9分)(2016•娄底)读湖南某地等高线示意图，完成18〜20题.18.果园小木屋的海拔是( )A.100〜200米B.100〜150米C.150〜200米D.200〜250米【考点】等高线地形图的判读..【专题】示意图;地形与等高线地形图.【分析】在等高线地形图上，等高线闭合且等高线数值中间高四周低则为山顶，两山顶之间相对低洼的部位为鞍部，等高线闭合且等高线数值中间低四周高则为盆地，等高线向海拔低处凸为山脊，等高线向海拔高处凸为山谷，等高线重合的地方为陡崖.【解答】解：读图分析可知，图中等高距为50米，果园小木屋的海拔位于150﹣200米之间;依据题意.故选：C.【点评】本题考查等高线地形图的判读，读图理解解答即可.19.登临M观景台，不可能观赏到的风景是( )A.仰望飞瀑B.俯瞰奇峰C.近观茶园D.远眺丽湖【考点】等高线地形图的判读..【专题】示意图;地形与等高线地形图.【分析】在等高线地形图上，等高线闭合且等高线数值中间高四周低则为山顶，两山顶之间相对低洼的部位为鞍部，等高线闭合且等高线数值中间低四周高则为盆地，等高线向海拔低处凸为山脊，等高线向海拔高处凸为山谷，等高线重合的地方为陡崖.【解答】解：读图分析可知，M观景台处于陡崖下方，位于茶园中;因此，登临M观景台可以仰望飞瀑、近观茶园、远眺丽湖;依据题意.故选：B.【点评】本题考查等高线地形图的判读，读图理解解答即可.20.四月，春暖花开，地理兴趣小组成员徒步考察小琼河，下列景观可能见到的是( )A.金黄的稻田一片片，风吹稻穗香两岸B.嫩绿的茶园里人们采茶正忙C.满山坡的苹果树挂满了红彤彤的果子D.青稞地点染着河谷嫩绿的春色【考点】等高线地形图的判读..【专题】示意图;地形与等高线地形图.【分析】在等高线地形图上，等高线闭合且等高线数值中间高四周低则为山顶，两山顶之间相对低洼的部位为鞍部，等高线闭合且等高线数值中间低四周高则为盆地，等高线向海拔低处凸为山脊，等高线向海拔高处凸为山谷，等高线重合的地方为陡崖.【解答】解：读图分析可知：小琼河两岸没有种植水稻，因此看不到金黄的稻田，故A错误;小琼河两岸种植有茶园，嫩绿的茶园里人们采茶正忙，故B正确;湖南省位于南方地区，苹果属于温带水果，因此，看不到满山坡的苹果树，故C错误;青稞是青藏地区的主要粮食作物，位于河谷地带，在湖南看不到此景观，故D错误;依据题意.故选：B.【点评】本题考查等高线地形图的判读，读图理解解答即可.二、综合题(40分)21.(10分)(2016•娄底)阅读图文材料，完成下列各题.材料1：山西“杏花村”(如图)从南北朝以来，就以产“汾酒”著名，这里有历代文人雅士盛赞佳酿的题诗碑刻…杏花村水源优质，马。