广西民族大学2016年《810英语教学楼》考研专业课真题试卷

2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)In Cambodia，the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends,１those of the young women, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations，or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days， 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists ,and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 .Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a flew house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 ,but not common .Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly –acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up .The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait the months.1. [A] by way of [B] as well as [C] on behalf of [D] with regard to2. [A] adapt to [B] provide for [C]compete with [D] decide on3. [A] close [B] renew [C]arrange [D] postpone4. [A] In theory [B] Above all [C] In time [D] For example5. [A] Although [B] Lest [C] After [D] Unless6. [A] into [B] within [C] from [D] through7. [A] sine [B] or [C] but [D] so8. [A] test [B]copy [C]recite [D] create9. [A] folding [B] piling [C] wrapping [D] tying10. [A] lighting [B] passing [C] hiding [D] serving11. [A] meeting [B] association [C] collection [D]union12. [A] grow [B] part [C] deal [D]live13. [A] whereas [B] until [C] for [D] if14. [A] obtain [B] follow [C] challenge [ D]avoid15. [A] isolated [B] persuaded [C] viewed [D] exposed16. [A]wherever [B] however [C] whenever [D]whatever17. [A] changed [B] brought [C] shaped [D] pushed18. [A] divided [B] invested [C] donated [D] withdrawn19. [A]clears [B] warms [C] shows [D] breaks20. [A]while [B] so what [C]once [D] in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that”incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape –measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look tointangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of models .The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. The charter’s main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week, which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute .But in general it relies on a name-and –shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined[B] New runways would be constructed[C] Websites about dieting would thrive[D] The fashion industry would decline22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line2 Para2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of[B] indicating the state of[C] losing faith in[D] doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry[A] The French measures have already failed[B] New standards are being set in Denmark[C] Models are no longer under peer pressure[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A] setting perfect physical conditions[B] caring too much about models’ character[C] showing little concern for health factors[D] pursuing a high age threshold for models25. Which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[A] A challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals[B] A Dilemma for the starving models in France[C] Just Another Round of struggle for beauty[D] The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family. Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support. A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air”. Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing “off–plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent only u sensing itschance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its campaign to protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the Landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces. The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let trip, After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A] is not well reflected in politics[B] is fully backed by the royal family[C] didn’t start fill the Shakespearean age[D] has brought much benefit to the NHS27. According to paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A] largely overshadowed[B] properly protected[C] effectively reinforced[D] gradually destroyed28. Which of the following can be offered from paragraph 3[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building[C] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation[D] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. The author holds that George Osbornes’s preference[A] shows his disregard for the character of rural area[B] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis[C] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. In the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain[B] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain[D] the political life in today’s BritainText 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of business” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’s money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under American’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act（FCPA）.It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations，they could beinfluenced only by the halo effect.The study found that，among prosecuted firms，those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm’s political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials.” says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A]uncertainty[B]skepticism[C]approval[D]tolerance32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A]guarding it against malpractices[B]protecting it from consumers[C]winning trust from consumers.[D]raising the quality of its products33. The expression “more lenient”(line 2,Para.4)is closest in meaning to[A]less controversial[B]more lasting[C]more effective[D]less severe34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR record[A]comes across as reliable evidence[B]has an impact on their decision[C]increases the chance of being penalized[D]constitutes part of the investigation35. Which of the following is true of CSR according to the last paragraph?[A] The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown[B] Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated[C] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked[D]It has brought much benefit to the banking industryText 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. ”Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper – printing presses, delivery trucks – isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online – only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. “It was seen as blunder,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge atthe Times? ”I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” he said “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,” Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In other words, if you’re going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year – more than twice as much as a digital – only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive that less aggressive.”36. The New York Times is considering ending it’s print edition partly due to[A] the increasing online and sales[B] the pressure from its investors[C] the complaints from its readers[D] the high cost of operation37. Peretti suggests that in face of the present situation, The Times should[A] make strategic adjustments[B] end the print sedition for good[C] seek new sources of leadership[D] aim for efficient management38. It can be inferred from paragraphs 5and 6 that a ” legacy product”[A] helps restore the glory of former times[B] is meant for the most loyal customers[C] will have the cost of printing reduced[D] expands the popularity of the paper39. Peretti believes that in a changing world[A] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges[D] legacy businesses are becoming out dated40. which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] shift to online newspapers all at once[B] Cherish the Newspapers still in Your Hand[C] keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion[D] Make Your print Newspapers a luxury GoodPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSER SHEET. (10 point)[A] Create a new image of yourself[B] Decide if the time is right[C] Have confidence in yourself[D]Understand the context[E]Work with professionals[F]Make it efficient[G]Know your goalsNo matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in the first impressions. According to research from Princeton University , people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the “dress for success” era is that the range of options is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in other not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one than enhances our goals? Here are some tips:41_________________________As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particular helpful during transitions-when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK42________________________Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.” (It’s OK to use characterizations like that )43 ________________________Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.44 _______________________Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J. Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.45 ________________________The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Mental health is our birthright. (46) we don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy, it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend, a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn’t go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem –confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives-the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves. And toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child.It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives. (49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfecting ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice, we think of it simply as a health and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50) As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions:Suppose you are a librarian in your university. Write a notice of about 100 words. Providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following pictures In your essay, you should1) describe the pictures briefly2) interpret the meaning , and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)1、【答案】[B] as well as【解析】根据空格所在句子的内容可以判断，“择偶涉及男方的亲朋好友，_____女方的亲朋好友”显然前后是并列关系，选项中只有B选项as well as 表示并列关系。

2016年12月研究生英语学位课统考（GET）真题试卷听力对话1.(B)A. He failed to catch the bus.B. There are few gas stations.C. There are various risks.D. He didn’t hear clearly.解析：女士说：我们离沙漠还有多远?男士说：大约300英里。

我们必须给车加油。

高速路上加油站很少。

女士说：好。

few and far between 是个成语，意思是“少见”或“彼此距离很远”。

2.(D)A. He failed to catch the bus.B. He didn’t enjoy walking.C. He thought differently.D. He didn’t hear clearly.解析：男士说：您能告诉我从这儿去时代广场的路吗?女士说：好。

你可以坐地铁或公交车。

如果现在感觉不累，你也可以走着去。

男士说：对不起，我没听懂。

3.(A)A. A tour guide.B. A bus driver.C. A hotel attendant.D. A traffic policewoman.解析：女士说：各位请注意。

我们今天的日程安排是首先参观故宫。

在故宫附近的饭店午餐后，我们去颐和园。

我们很可能晚上七点左右回到宾馆。

男士说：我们晚上自由活动吧?女士说：是的，我们没有什么特别安排。

4.(C)A. He was rude to his mother.B. He loves his girlfriend.C. He can tolerate his girlfriend no more.D. He insulted his girlfriend.解析：女士说：我听说你跟女朋友分手了。

是吗?男士说：是的。

她对我一直很不友好。

最无法忍受的是她说我妈妈的坏话。

the last straw 的含义是it is the latest in a series of bad events，and it makes you unable to deal with a situation any longer，也就是“一系列令人不愉快的事情中，最后一件让你忍无可忍的事”。

2021年广西民族大学翻译硕士英语考研真题A卷Part I. Basic English Knowledge (30%)Section A: Multiple-choice (20 %)Directions: There are forty multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. On my way to the office, I saw a little girl standing in front of the shop window looking_____ at the toys inside.A. faintlyB. ferociouslyC. deliberatelyD. wistfully2. Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his _____ to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied.A. reactionB. commentC. impressionD. comprehension3. The branches could hardly _____ the weight of the fruit.A. retainB. sustainC. maintainD. remain4. With an eighty-hour week and little change or enjoyment, life must have been very _____for the 19th-century worker.A. disinterestedB. dryC. wearyD. depressed5. The need for cash is forcing new graduates to take any job going, and many start their working life in _____, often menial jobs.A. momentaryB. mechanicalC. ashamedD. primeval6. The bus became _____ before they arrived, and many latecomers had to wait ina long queue.A. occupiedB. engagedC. packedD. filled7. Rosa was such a last-minute worker that she could never start writing a paper till the deadline was_____.A. approachB. recentC. problematicD. imminent8. Swarms of wasps are always invading my garden. They are a thorough ______.A. nuisanceB. disturbanceC. troubleD. annoyance9. The new airport will be ______ from all directions.A. availableB. accessibleC. obtainableD. achievable10. Now researchers are directing more attention to the social and cultural_____that propelled university graduates into careers in management.A. implicationB. impulseC. atmosphereD. imminence11. The police have offered a large ____ for information leading to the robber’s arrest.A. awardB. compensationC. prizeD. reward12. For years she suffered from the _____ that her husband might come back to her.A. visionB. ideaC. imaginationD. illusion13. There has been a _____ lack of communication between the union and the management.A. regretfulB. regrettableC. regrettingD. regretted14. Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is _____ loud continuous noise.A. subjected toB. filled withC. associated withD. attached to15. My mother can’t get _____ because she has rheumatism.A. aboutB. onC. throughD. in16. The novel contains some marvelously revealing _____ of rural life in the 19th century.A. glancesB. glimpsesC. glaresD. gleams17. The party’s reduced vote was _____ of lack of support for its policies.A. indicativeB. positiveC. revealingD. evident18. At three thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and there is never a moment when some distant mountain is not _____.A. on viewB. at a glanceC. on the sceneD. in sight19. Once a picture is proved to be a forgery, it becomes quite _____.A. invaluableB. pricelessC. unworthyD. worthless20. In the first few months of the war his army seemed ______, but soon it met its Waterloo.A. incredibleB. invisibleC. invidiousD. invincible21. _____ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent.A. So clever are the construction robotsB. So clever the construction robots areC. Such construction robots are cleverD. Such clever construction robots are22. He felt ______ during the interview. And he failed to get the job.A. anything but wellB. nothing but wellC. something but wellD. none but well23. It is not uncommon for there _____ problems of communication between the old and the young.A .being B. would be C. be D. to be24. _____, I’ll marry him all the same.A. Was he rich or poorB. Whether rich or poorC. Were he rich or poorD. Be he rich or poor25. Sorry to have kept you waiting. You must have thought ______.A. we were not comingB. we are not comingC. we didn’t comeD. we should not come26. That was not the first time he _____ us. I think it’s high time we _____ strong actions against him.A. betrayed, takeB. had betrayed, tookC. has betrayed, tookD. has betrayed, take27. ______, he is ready to accept suggestions from different sources.A. Instead of his contributionsB. For all his notable contributionsC. His making notable contributionsD. However his notable contributions28. I am pleased with what you have given me and _____ you have told me.A. thatB. all thatC. whichD. about whatever29. ______ earlier, I could have done something to help.A. If I was informedB. Was I informedC. Had I been informedD. If I should be informed30. _____,he never alters a decision.A. Come what mayB. What may comeC. May what comeD. May come whatever31. The Minister of Finance is believed of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue.A. that he is thinkingB. to be thinkingC. that he is to thinkD. to think32. The heart is intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlledby the brain.A. not soB. not muchC. no moreD. much more33. The membership card entitled him _____ certain privileges in the club.A. onB. inC. atD. to34. I have never been to London, but that is the city_____.A. where I like to visit mostB. I’d most like to visitC. which I like to visit mostlyD. where I’d like most to visit35. He was ______to tell the truth even to his closest friend.A. too much of a cowardB. too much the cowardC. a coward enoughD. enough of a coward36. ______ wool that is produced in _____ Scotland is used to make sweaters and other garments.A. / ... theB. / ... /C. The ... theD. The ... /37. _____ I like economics, I like sociology much better.A. As much asB. So muchC. How muchD. Much as38. You cannot be ______ careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.A. tooB. quiteC. veryD. so39. _____ enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field.A. GivingB. To giveC. GivenD. Being given40. Barry had an advantage over his mother he could speak French.A. since thatB. in thatC. at thatD. so thatSection B: Proofreading and Error Correction (10 %)Directions: The following passage contains 10 errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it. Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.People once widely believed that intelligent life existed onMars. The 19th century discover of what appeared to be 41. geometric designs cut across the surface was taken as evidence.The lines were thought to have been system of canals that had 42. been built to irrigate the surface. This is now clear that 43. “canals〞—perhaps the most spectacular geologic features ofMars—are natural valleys which ancient rivers once flowed. 44.Other fragmented idea concerns the planet’s seasonal 45. changes in color. Once when attributed to the rapid spread of 46. some life-form, these shifts are now known to develop from themovement of fine dust in the atmosphere.By the close of the 20th century none of the manyexperiments were conducted by spacecraft had ever found 47. persuasive evidence of life. Furthermore, speculation continued 48. over the existence of some form of life, in either the presentand the past. In 1996 scientists discovered organic compounds 49. and minerals in a meteorite, consisted of Martian rock, 50. that collided with Earth around 11,000 BC. These compoundssuggest that Mars may have been inhabited by organisms morethan three billion years ago.Part II. Reading Comprehension (50 %)Section A (30 %)Directions: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and write your answerson the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Department Store MagicFor most of the 20th century Smithson's was one of Britain's most successful department stores, but by the mid-1990s, it had become dull. Still profitable, thanks largely to a series of successful advertising campaigns, but decidedly boring. The famous were careful not to be seen there, and its sales staff didn't seem to have changed since the store opened in 1908. Worst of all, its customers were buying fewer and fewer of its own-brand products, the major part of its business, and showing a preference for more fashionable brands.But now all this has changed, thanks to Rowena Baker, who became Smithson'sfirst woman Chief Executive three years ago. Since then, while most major retailersin Britain have been losing money, Smithson's profits have been rising steadily. When Baker started, a lot of improvements had just been made to the building, without having any effect on sales, and she took the bold decision to invite one of Europe's most exciting interior designers to develop the fashion area, the heart of the store. This very quickly led to rising sales, even before the goods on display were changed.And as sales grew, so did profits.Baker had ambitious plans for the store from the start. ‘We're playing a big game, to prove we're up there with the leaders in our sector, and we have to make sure people get that message. Smithson's had fallen behind the competition. It provided a traditional service targeted at middle-aged, middle-income customers,who'd been shopping there for years, and the customer base was gradually contracting. Our idea is to sell such an exciting variety of goods that everyone will want to come in, whether they plan to spend a little or a lot.' Baker's vision for the storeis clear, but achieving it is far from simple. At first, many employees resisted her improvements because they just wouldn't be persuaded that there was anything wrong with the way they'd always done things, even if they accepted that the store had to overtake its competitors. It took many long meetings, involving the entire workforce, to win their support. It helped when they realized that Baker was a very different kind of manager from the ones they had known.Baker's staff policies contained more surprises. The uniform that had hardly changed since day one has now disappeared. Moreover, teenagers now get young shop assistants, and staffs in the sports departments are themselves sports fans in trainers. As Baker explains, ‘How can you sell jeans if you're wearing a black suit? Smithson's has a new identity, and this needs to be made clear to the customers.' She's also given every sales assistant responsibility for ensuring customer satisfaction, even if it means occasionally breaking company rules in the hope that this will help company profits.Rowena Baker is proving successful, but the City's big investors haven't been persuaded. According to retail analyst, John Matthews, ‘Money had already been invested in refurbishment of the store and in fact that led to the boost in sales. She took the credit, but hadn't done anything to achieve it. And in my view the company's shareholders are not convinced. The fact is that unless she opens several more stores pretty soon, Smithson's profits will start to fall because turnoverat the existing store will inevitably start to decline.'51. According to the writer, in the mid-1990s Smithson's department storeA. was making a loss.B. had a problem keeping staff.C. was unhappy with its advertising agency.D. mostly sold goods under the Smithson's name.52. According to the writer, Smithson's profits started rising three years ago because ofA. an improvement in the retailing sector.B. the previous work done on the store.C. Rowena Baker's choice of designer.D. a change in the products on sale.53. According to Rowena Baker, one problem which Smithson's faced when she joined was thatA. the number of people using the store was falling slowly.B. its competitors offered a more specialized range of products.C. the store's prices were set at the wrong level.D. customers were unhappy with the service provided.54. According to the writer, many staff opposed Baker's plans becauseA. they were unwilling to change their way of working.B. they disagreed with her goals for the store.C. they felt they were not consulted enough about the changes.D. they were unhappy with her style of management.55. Baker has changed staff policies because she believes thatA. the corporate image can be improved through staff uniforms.B. the previous rules were not fair to customers.C. customers should be able to identify with the staff serving them.D. employees should share in company profits.Passage TwoQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The Affect of Electricity on CancerCan electricity cause cancer? In a society that literally runs on electric power, the very idea seems preposterous. But for more than a decade, a growing band of scientists and journalists has pointed to studies that seem to link exposure to electromagnetic fields with increased risk of leukemia and other malignancies. The implications are unsettling, to say the least, since everyone comes into contact with such fields, which are generated by everything electrical, from power lines and antennas to personal computers and micro-wave ovens. Because evidence on the subject is inconclusive and often contradictory, it has been hard to decide whether concern about the health effects of electricity is legitimate—or the worst kind of paranoia.Now the alarmists have gained some qualified support from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In the executive summary of a new scientific review, released in draft form late last week, the EPA has put forward what amounts to the most serious government warning to date. The agency tentatively concludes that scientific evidence “suggests a causal link〞between extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields—those having very long wave-lengths—and leukemia, lymphoma and brain cancer, While the report falls short of classifying ELF fields as probable carcinogens, it does identify the common 60-hertz magnetic field as “a possible, but not proven, cause of cancer in humans.〞The report is no reason to panic—or even to lost sleep. If there is a cancer risk, it is a small one. The evidence is still so controversial that the draft stirred a great deal of debate within the Bush Administration, and the EPA released it over strong objections from the Pentagon and the White House. But now no one can deny that the issue must be taken seriously and that much more research is needed.At the heart of the debate is a simple and well-understood physical phenomenon: When an electric current passes through a wire, it generates an electromagneticfield that exerts forces on surrounding objects, For many years, scientists dismissed any suggestion that such forces might be harmful, primarily because they are so extraordinarily weak. The ELF magnetic field generated by a video terminal measures only a few mill gauss, or about one-hundredth the strength of the earth’s own magnetic field, The electric fields surrounding a power line can be as high as 10 kilovolts per meter, but the corresponding field induced in human cells will be only about 1 mill volt per meter. This is far less than the electric fields that the cells themselves generate.How could such minuscule forces pose a health danger? The consensus used to be that they could not, and for decades scientists concentrated on more powerful kinds of radiation, like X-rays, that pack sufficient wallop to knock electrons out of the molecules that make up the human body. Such “ionizing〞 radiations have been clearly linked to increased cancer risks and there are regulations to control emissions.But epidemiological studies, which find statistical associations between sets of data, do not prove cause and effect. Though there is a body of laboratory work showing that exposure to ELF fields can have biological effects on animal tissues, a mechanism by which those effects could lead to cancerous growths has never been found.The Pentagon is for from persuaded. In a blistering 33-page critique of the EPA report, Air Force scientists charge its authors with having “biased the entire document〞 toward proving a link. “Our reviewers are convinced that there is no suggestion that (electromagnetic fields) present in the environment induce or promote cancer,〞 the Air Force concludes. “It is astonishing that the EPA would lend its imprimatur on this report.〞 Then Pentagon’s concern is understandable. There is hardly a unit of the modern military that does not depend on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipment, from huge ground-based radar towers to the defense systems built into every warship and plane.56. The main idea of this passage isA. studies on the cause of cancer.B. controversial view-points in the cause of cancer.C. the relationship between electricity and cancer.D. different ideas about the effect of electricity on cancer.57. The view-point of the EPA isA. there is casual link between electricity and cancer.B. electricity really affects cancer.C. controversial.D. low frequency electromagnetic field is a possible cause of cancer.58. Why did the Pentagon and Whit House object to the release of the report? BecauseA. it may stir a great deal of debate among the Bush Administration.B. every unit of the modern military has depended on the heavy use of some kindof electronic equipment.C. the Pentagon’s concern was understandable.D. they had different arguments.59. It can be inferred from physical phenomenonA. the force of the electromagnetic field is too weak to be harmful.B. the force of the electromagnetic field is weaker than the electric fieldthat the cells generate.C. electromagnetic field may affect health.D. only more powerful radiation can knock electron out of human body.60. What do you think ordinary citizens may do after reading the different arguments?A. They are indifferent.B. They are worried very much.C. The may exercise prudent avoidance.D. They are shocked.Passage ThreeQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Knowledge economyThere have long been markets in tin, cocoa, silver and the like. There used to be security in thinking that somewhere there was a product, something you could touch and see. Now there are new markets in abstractions, trade in ideas and knowledge. Everyone has knowledge but there used to be no way to trade it—except through jobs. That simple fact of economic life was the basis for white collar employment for centuries. The whole job culture grew up because there was no alternative way to sell knowledge, other than the worker or manager providing, for a fixed price, his or her knowledge to an employer to own or control. The quantity of knowledge provided has typically been measured in time.But today we stand at the threshold of a new era. The information economy has matured and become smarter. According to many business commentators, we are now living in a knowledge economy .There has always been a market for knowledge, of course. The publishing industry is based on it. But today the internet is making the distribution of knowledge ever easier. The days when the publisher decided what got published are over. Anyone with a PC and a modem can talk to the world. This is reducing the friction in the knowledge economy.Everyone has knowledge of whatever industry she or he is in. say you are a computer dealer, for example. Over the years you have compiled a list of the ten best lowest price places to buy wholesale computer equipment. Now you can sell your knowledge to newer, younger computer dealers who have no way to build up this knowledge without losing thousands of pounds finding it out the hard way. Until now, such knowledge remained securely locked in the recipient’s head, accumulated and then worthlessly withered away. This no longer needs to be the case. Such knowledge can be sold via websites.Knowledge has a distinct advantage in today’s marketplace. It’s a renewable resource. Better yet, it’s worth actually increases. “Knowledge is the only assetthat grows with use,〞 observes Stanford University Professor Paul Romer. But what exactly is knowledge and how can it be packaged to trade on an open market? “Knowledge is experiential information, intelligence applied thorough and gainedfrom experience,〞 say Joseph Pine and James Gilmore in their book The Experience Economy.The value of knowledge often depends on variables such as time and the credibility of the seller. Certain knowledge may have a very limited shelf life.In sights concerning how to set up an internet business in one country, might beworth a fortune on one day and nothing the next, depending on changes in government policy. Markets in knowledge will be significance for one thing. They representone of the most original uses of the web technology. In some corner of the globethere is a company wanting to source plastic widgets from Poland, and somewhereelse another company that wishes to set up a plastics factory there. It’s simplya case of connecting the two.Indicater is a good example of a knowledge trader. It is targeted at food service managers throughout the hospitality industry. “We started with the context rather than extracting money from suppliers,〞 explains founder Mike Day, “we offerfood service professionals interactive support to increase sales and profits. People don’t want another one-dimensional site full of advertising that doesn’t help them to do their job more effectively. It has to be customized offering real solutions to real problems.〞 The site’s features include access to online trainingand a tariff tracker to restaurants can check prices throughout the sector.61. What point is made in the first paragraph?A. Interest in commodity markets has decreased.B. Overall levels of expertise have improved.C. Opportunities to exploit your knowledge were limited in the past.D. External market forces have meant knowledge is underpriced.62. In the third paragraph, what does the writer say about knowledge?A. Acquiring knowledge can be expensive.B. The most valuable knowledge concerns IT.C. Trading knowledge raises issues of security.D. New businesses find it hard to trade in knowledge.63. What point is made about knowledge in the fourth paragraph?A. It provides specialist information.B. Its appeal lies in its exclusivity.C. it can generate new ideasD. Its value accumulates.64. Which application of knowledge does the writer regard as particularly useful?A. analyzing manufacturing trendsB. introducing compatible partiesC. interpreting time constraintsD. advising on legislation65. What key feature is provided by Indicater ?A. approaches that reflect the provider’s own experienceB. access to appropriately trained potential employeesC. advice which directly benefits the bottom lineD. advertising which is carefully targetedSection B: Cloze (20 %)Please fill in blanks 66 to 85 of the following passage. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.〞 But __66__some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does __67__short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, __68_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __69__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __70___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.__71_, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __72__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__73___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _ 74__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of __75___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. __76___one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ___77___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry __78__they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.Although sadness also ___79___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __80___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __81__ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a(n)__82___ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles __83__ more exuberantly to funny cartons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, __84__ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around __85__ , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.66. A. among B. except C. despite D. like67. A. reflect B. demand C. indicate D. produce68. A. stabilizing B. boosting C. impairing D. determining69. A. transmit B. sustain C. evaluate D. observe70. A. measurable B. manageable C. affordable D. renewable71. A. In turn B. In fact C. In addition D. In brief72. A. opposite B. impossible C. average D. expected73. A. hardens B. weakens C. tightens D. relaxes74. A. aggravate B. generate C. moderate D. enhance75. A. physical B. mental C. subconscious D. internal76. A. Except for B. According to C. Due to D. As for77. A. with B. on C. in D. at78. A. unless B. until C. if D. because79. A. exhausts B. follows C. precedes D. suppresses80. A. into B. from C. towards D. beyond81. A. fetch B. bite C. pick D. hold82. A. disappointed B. excited C. joyful D. indifferent83. A. adapted B. catered C. turned D. reacted84. A. suggesting B. requiring C. mentioning D. supposing85. A. Eventually B. Consequently C. Similarly D. ConverselyPart III. Writing (20 %)Directions: Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic:Some people believe that success in life comes from taking risks or chances. Others believe that success results from careful planning. In your opinion, what does success come from? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.You should supply an appropriate title for your essay.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.。

2016年广西民族大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Part Ⅰ. Basic English Knowledge (30%)Section A: Multiple-choice (20 %)Directions: There are forty multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. On my way to the office, I saw a little girl standing in front of the shop window looking _____ at the toys inside.A. faintlyB. ferociouslyC. deliberatelyD. wistfully【答案】D【解析】句意：去办公室时，我看到一个小女孩站在一家商店的橱窗外热切地望着里面的玩具。

本题考查的是词义辨析。

wistfully渴望地；沉思地，符合题意，故为正确答案。

faintly 微弱地；隐约地。

ferociously野蛮地，残忍地。

deliberately故意地；深思熟虑地。

2. Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his _____ to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied.A. reactionB. commentC. impressionD. comprehension【答案】A【解析】句意：有时，学生得写下他们对一本书或一篇文章的感受，而他们阅读的东西通常与他们正在学习的东西有关。