《科技英语写作》PPT课件

为了使该计算机能够正常工作，外加电压 必须合适。
For the computer to work/ operate /function normally, the applied voltage must be proper/ appropriate.
A number of basic problems must be overcome for a nuclear reactor to operate properly.
SECTION Ⅲ
I. The infinitive
II.
III. 1. “It” as the subject
IV.
① It is possible to…
1.
It is necessary to…
2.
It is a simple matter to…
3.
② It will do you good to…
只要做一个简单的实验就够了。
如果想要求出这个电阻上的电压，我们必须 首先知道流过它的电流。
If it is desired to find out the voltage across this resistor, we must first know the current flowing through it.
Scientific English Writing Section V
2. A lever is a rigid rod pivoted at a certain point called the fulcrum. Fig. 12-1 shows the most familiar type of lever, with a load at one end being balanced by an applied force at the other. The condition for equilibrium is that the torques produced by Fin and Fout be the same in magnitude.

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We-sentences appear in many leading journals
In this report, we define a mechanism for … and discover distinct roles for … We use … assays to … We demonstrate that … We
provide evidence that … (Science)
The majority of known … To identify the responsible genes, we mapped virulence in F1 progeny derived from crosses between type II and type III strains, which we17源自Ⅲ. It-sentence
“It-sentences” are often used in science writing, particularly by Chinese authors. However, most of the “it-sentences” are unnecessary.
1. History
1) It has begun publication since 1990(semiannual publication)
2) It has become a quarterly journal and indexed by EI compendex since 2019
3) It has become the cooperated with Elsevier since 2019(attracting foreign authors)

locational features to the height of
buildings and their wall and roof styles
and the sun's directions at any given time.
The authors also give an analysis of the
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THEME PRESENTATION
No professional paper is purely
theoretical or experimental. In fact,
there is no clear
demarcation(distinction) between the
two types of research papers.
Unit 6
Textual Development
1
Topical Highlights:
1 . Description: objective description,
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
subjective
description,
general
requirements for research description.
2
3. Reasoning (Persuasion) 4. Special Attention:
sentence structure (2) -- short form sentences led by"as"; present, past and present perfect tenses, passive voice, subjunctive mood, etc.

LOGO
Over & under
Two subtypes

英语中常用more than ,odd,over,above, exceed,upwards of, or more,higher than,in the excess of修饰,表“超过,以上 ,有余,高于,多于”
英语中也常用under, below,less,less than
L有OG7O000多名医务人员前往震区。
5.The patients are children of three years old and upwards. 这些病人是三岁和三岁以上的儿童.
➢ 6.The efficiency of the best of these engines is under/below/less than/no more than 40%. 这些发动机中效率最好的也不到40%.
3.Over/Above/More than/Not less than 100 chemical elements are known to man; of these about 80 are metals.
人类已知的化学元素有100种以上，其中有80种是金属.
4.Upwards of seven thousand medical workers have left for the earthquake district.
LOGO
n times +形容词比较级= n times+as+形容词原级as
This machine is five times heavier than that one. 这台机器比那台重四倍。 这台机器是那台的五倍重。
提示：这一句型比较特殊，很容易被错译为 “这台机器比那台重五倍”。翻译这种句子时， 请记住这样一条准则： 英译汉减一倍,汉译英加一倍。

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SCI论文中的固定搭配
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热点，广泛关注、研究
1．The mechanisms governing the homeostasis of memory T cells have been an area of intense investigation.
2．Extensive work has been done in the area of cytokine signaling.
科技英语写作
Scientific Writing
2013 1
整体概述
概述一
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概述二
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概述三
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科技英语写作的教学内容
科技英语的特点(2) 科技英语写作的固定/常用表达(2) 科技英语的写作技巧(2) 科技英语写作的典型错误(1) 撰写英语学术论文(1)
3．Not unexpectedly, the newest ‘lineage’ of helper T cells, TH-17 cells, also received a great deal of attention at the Ringberg meeting.
4. While the interactions of DC with naive T cells within LN have been analysed in detail,…
3. Although why this subset of T cells is uniquely sensitive to IL-2 is currently unclear.
4. Experiments directly interrogating the physiological requirements for DC-produced IL-2 have not yet to be published.

Petrochemical Coke Combustion and Catalytic Reaction Mechanism
Research on a New Kind of Diesel Flow Improver
2020/10/13
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标题_书写格式(3)
3. 全部字母大写
RUNAWAY PHENOMENON FOR PARALLEL REACTIONS IN FIXED BED CATALYTIC REACTORS
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标题_注意事项(3)
如果一个短标题不足以概括文章的内容，可考虑增加副标 题，两者之间用冒号分开。
如果是系列文章，可采用多报形式。e.g. Study on engineering parameters of A301 ammonia
synthesis catalyst. I. Determination of shape factor Study on engineering parameters of A301 ammonia
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标题_书写格式(5)
一般标题多带有“ 研究”、“ 试验”“、初探”、“ 初报”、 “效udy on
Experiments of
Experimental study of
Effect of … on
An preliminary report of
synthesis catalyst. II. Experimental measurement of fixbed heat-transfer parameters
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标题_注意事项(4)
2 .一般采用名词短语作标题。不使用一个句子或不定式短语， 一般也不使用介词短语，不出现从句。 An exploration and study of the production methods of industrial cupric sulfate （繁琐） Introduce the exploration and study of the production methods of industrial cupric sulfate （祈使句） Methods of producing of industrial cupric sulfate

This circuit is similar in operation to the circuit of Fig.1-10.
Find the velocity of the ball 10s later.
[2] Requirement :The underlined part in each sentence must be expressed by a prepositional phrase.
In our discussion of this subject, we shall restrict our attention to its basic principles.
Upon the application of proper control signal, the flip-flop will change the stored information.
乍一看，这定律似乎与我们日常的经历相抵触。 〔contradict〕
At first sight, this law seems to contradict our everyday experiences.
Assignment: Ex.1 II 6、7、8、10、11、12 Ex.2 II 14、16 IV
4、这缓冲器〔buffer〕能提供4mA的输出驱动电 流。
5、我们借助于电场〔electric field〕这一概念描述 电荷之间的相互作用。
6、现在必须从式〔4－10〕求出t来。
4、This buffer can supply an output drive current of 4 mA. 5、We describe interaction among charges with the help of the concept of electric field. 6、Now it is necessary to solve equation (4-10) for t.

At last 和finally的区别：
at last只能指时间位置，而不能指时间顺序， 在语义上指经过，周折，等待，耽搁后的 “最后，终于”得到所期待的结果。
finally 既可指时间位置（相当于at last和 in the end），也可指时间的先后顺序。 eg. Finally I’d like to thank you all for your coming . 最后我要感谢诸位的光临。（不 能用at last）
图1：安培表电阻对电路中的电流影响 Fig. 1 Effect of ammeter resistance on current in circuit
3)专有名词(proper noun)前一般不加冠词，由 多个普通单词构成的机构或国家名称前要用定 冠词
计算机科学系 the Department of Computer Science
General Introduction 1. 科技英语写作高级教程
2. 精选科技英语阅读教程 Selected Readings in Scientific English
科技英语写作教程
第一章 科技英语单句写作 第1章 词类 第2章 插入语，否定，时态，语态，形容词和 副词比较等级 第3章 动词非谓语形式 第4章 从句 第5章 虚拟语气 第6章 句子成分的强调 第7章 倒装 第8章 省略 第9章 分隔修饰
structure. 2. 一种正交双循环码M元扩频接收机的性能分析。 Performance analysis of an M-ray spread
spectrum receiver using biorthogonal cyclic codes. 3. 最后，用这种方法设计了宽带阶梯阻抗变换器。 Finally, a broad stepped impedance transformer is designed by this method.

2020/12/9
第一章 科技英语单句写作
二、分词 1．作定语 分词作定语一般遵循“单分在前、分短在后”的原则，写 作的重点放在分词短语作后置定语的情况。 这些运动的电子形成了电流。 These moving electrons form the current． 电阻率越大，为建立给定的电流密度所需的电场就越强。 The greater the resistivity，the greater the electric field needed to establish a given current density． 在导体中携带电荷的自由电子在导热方面同样起了重要的 作用。 The free electrons in a conductor carrying charge also play an important role in the conduction of heat．
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第一章 科技英语单句写作
用计算机解这道题只需几十秒钟。 It takes (some) dozens of seconds for a computer to solve this problem． 现在有待于我们求出这个系数来。 It remains now (for us) to determine this coefficient． 如果想要求出这个电阻上的电压，我们必须首先知道 流过它的电流。 If it is desired to find out the voltage across this resistor，we must first know the current flowing through it．
2020/12/9
第一章 科技英语单句写作
(2)the ability (tendency等)of A to do B的形式。 能量被定义为物体做功的能力。 Energy is defined as the ability of a body to do work． 有好几个因素影响电容器贮存电荷的能力。 A few factors affect the ability of a capacitor to store a charge． 光波的干涉限制了望远镜分辨物体细节的能力。 The interference of light waves puts limit on the ability of any telescope to resolve the details of an object．

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第一节 词 类
(7)在人名的所有格之前不用冠词。 这个式子被称为欧姆定律。 This equation is known as Ohm's law． 根据法拉第定律，在初级绕组中感应出来的电压与 初级电感成正比。 The voltage induced in the primary winding is proportional to the primary inductance according to Faraday's law．
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第一节 词 类
中国 China 北京大学 Beijng University 西电大学 Xidian University 西北工业大学 the Northwestern Polytechnical University 计算机科学系 the Department of Computer Science
科技英语写作教程
秦荻辉 编著 西安电子科技大学出版社
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第一章 科技英语单句写作
• 对于研究生、专业教师和科技工作者来说，所 谓科技英语写作，就是把中文的论文翻译成英 语文本的问题。目前我们在进行科技英语写作 学习过程中最迫切的任务是一定要把单句写好。
• 另外，写作和翻译具有很强的实践性，一些国 内外著名专家一再强调，写作课就是要“写”， 翻译课就是要“译”，理论并不多，只有通过 大量实践才能掌握必要的写作和翻译技巧。
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第一节 词 类
一、冠词 在写作时，冠词用错的情况极为普遍，多数人 往往漏用冠词，有些人是乱用冠词。对冠词的使 用应注意以下几点。
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第一节 词 类
1．一般应加冠词的情况 (1)在单数可数名词前一般要有冠词，泛指时多用不
定冠词。如：
电动势加在铜导线的两端。 An emf is applied across the ends of a copper wire． 发射机通常是由几部分构成的。 A transmitter consists commonly of several parts．