西北师范大学2017年教育原理考博真题

2017年西北师范大学333教育综合试题一、名词解释（每题5分，共计40分）1.教育目的2.分支型学制3.公学4.罗森塔尔效应5.鸿都门学6.要素教育二、简答题（每题10分，共计70分）1.简述德育的途径。

2.简述教师劳动的特点。

3.为什么说教育在人的发展中发挥着主导作用？4.简述晏阳初的教育思想。

5.南京国民时期的教育方针与教育原则。

6.学习动机与学习效果的关系。

7.教学中促进学习迁移的措施。

三、论述题（每题25分，共计50分）1.教育对经济的作用及经济对教育的影响。

2.斯巴达和雅典教育特点之比较。

2016年西北师范大学333教育综合试题一、名词解释（每题5分，共计40分）1．义务教育2．班级授课制3．公学4．快乐之家5．六等黜陟法6．素丝说7．自我效能感8．最近发展区二、简答题（每题10分，共计70分）1．简述影响知识理解的因素。

2．简述洛克的体育教育思想。

3．简述斯宾塞的科学教育理论。

4．简述1922年新学制的特点。

5．简述熙宁兴学内容与特点。

6．简述资源管理策略的类型。

7．简述现代教育的特点。

三、论述题（每题20分，共计40分）1．教学过程中为什么既要发挥教师主导作用又要发挥学生的主动性？并说明应该怎么处理这对关系？2．班主任的工作内容以及怎样建设班集体？2015年西北师范大学333教育综合试题一、名词解释（每题5分，共计40分）1．课程标准2．德育3．分斋教学法4．生活教育理论5．贝尔-兰卡斯特制（导生制）6．恩物7．元认知8．品德二、简答题（每题10分，共计80分）1．中小学常用的教学方法有哪些？2．学校管理的发展趋势是什么？3．简答《学记》中的教育教学原则及其含义。

4．简要阐述颜元学校改革的思想。

5．文艺复兴时期人文主义教育的基本特点。

6．简述夸美纽斯在教育史上的贡献和地位。

7．联系实际，谈谈老师如何激发学生的学习动机？8．简述“中小学心理健康指导纲要（2012年修订）”提出的学校开展心理健康教育的途径。

2017年教育学考研真题与答案解析（完整版）感谢凯程陆老师对本文做出的重大贡献一、单项选择题：1-45小题，每小题2分，共90分。

下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合试题要求。

1.关注知识与权力意识形态关系的教育学流派是A.实用主义教育学B.批判教育学C.实验教育学D.文化教育学【解析】B批判教育学喜欢从马克思主义的角度，从阶级分析的离场研究教育，关注意识形态。

2.我国社会主义教育目的的理论基础是A.社会本位论B.个人本位论C.国家本位论D.人的全面发展理论【解析】Ｄ请注意，Ａ和B是价值取向，不是我国教育目的的理论基础。

3.以下道德教育模式中，将“学会选择”作为核心理论的是A.价值澄清模式B.认识发展模式C.体谅模式D.社会学习模式【解析】Ａ价值澄清模式重在让学生“选择”价值观。

4.某语文老师在古诗单元教学结束时，给学生布置了写七律诗的作业，根据布鲁姆20世纪60年代提出的教育目标分类学框架，该作业在认识目标的分类中属于A.分析B.理解C.评价D.综合【解析】Ｄ学生去写一首七律诗，是调用了对所有七律诗的知识去完成的，所以是综合。

5.形成性评价与终结性评价的主要差异在于A.评价目的不同B.评价方法不同C.评价内容不同D.评价主体不同【解析】A形成性评价最终是为了促进学生的发展。

终结性评价是为了甄别学生。

6.我国1958年确立的教育方针强调A.教育必须与生产劳动相结合B.全面实施素质教育C.坚持立德树人D.培养社会主义建设者和接班人【解析】Ａ1958年我国曾提出过两个必须的教育方针.两个必须是:教育必须为无产阶级政治服务,教育必须与劳动生产相结合。

7.我国中学曾经分别开设《动物学》和《植物学》的两个科目，后来合并为《生物学》一个科目，从课程组织的类型来看，合并后的《生物学》属于A.融合课程B.综合课程C.分科课程D.核心课程【解析】Ａ两个科目合并为新的科目就叫做融合课程。

8.学习者中心课程理论的拥护者，在教学模式上更倾向于选择A.程序教学模式B.掌握教学模式C.探究教育模式D.范例教学模式【解析】ＣABD均属于知识中心课程理论。

西北师范大学2017年攻读博士研究生入学考试试题考试科目：英语考试日期：2017年4月1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。

请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。

2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。

3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。

4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。

Part L Listening Comprehension(25％)Section A:Spot DictationDirections:In this section,you are going to hear a passage.The passage will he read only once.As you listen to the passage,fill in the blanks with the words you hear.After the passage,there will be a3-minute pause. During the pause,you must write the words on the Answer Sheet.A recent university research project investigated the attitudes of postgraduate science students(1)____the learning of English vocabulary.The results were urprising.I'll(2)____three of them.firstly,most of the stcrdeaats think that(3)____every word ill English has just one meaning.This is,of course:,completely(4)____to the facts.A glance at any English dictionary will show this.The student will (5)____find seven or eight meanings listed for(6)____simple'words.Why,then,have these students made such a mistake:'One reason irnay be that they're.ill(7)____. students.Scientists try to use words ill their special subject which have one meaning,and one meaning only. Another reason.,of course,could be the way in Which these Student,Were They may have used vocabulary lists when they first learner English.(M one side of the page is the word in Iaaglish-,on the other sloe,a single\ti'ord in the(Q)native language.'l°he second attitude that(10)____from the findings is equally mistaken.(11)____all the students think that every word in English has an exact(12)____equivalent.Again,this is far from the trijth.Sometimes one word in Iinglish can only be translated by a(13)____in the student's native languial c."there are other(l4)____ill translation which we won't mention here.(:ertainly the idea of a one word for one word translation(15)____is completely false.Translation machines,which tried to work on this(16)____failed completely.The third result'of the investigation showed another(17)____in the students'thinking.They believe that as soon as they know the meaning of a word,they're in a(18)____to use it correctly.This is untrue for any language but is perhaps particularly(19)____for English.The student has to learn when to use a word as well as to know what it means.Some words in English mean almost the same but they can only be used in certain situations.What,then,is the best way to increase one's vocabulary?This can be answered in threewords-observation,(20)____and repetition.Section B:Multiple ChoiceDirections:In this section,you will hear a passage.At the end of the passage,you will hear S questions. The passage and the question will be read only once.After each question,there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D and decide which is the best answer. Then write your choice on the Answer Slicet.21.A)It had no efFect on living cells.13)It had effects on living cells.C)It had effects only on children.I))It had effects only on adults.22.A)An increasing number of cancers in children.I3)A link between an electric current and the energy fold.C)A causal link between the power-line or device and the energy field.1))A Small increased chance ofcancer in children living near electric power-line.23.A)446.13)464.C)223.1))234.24.A)Because he doesn't have enough evidence.R)Because other scientists have not studied his results yet.C.)Because he discovered nodirect link between disease and electricity.D)Because the link between cancer and electricity has not yet beenproved.25.A)Health and environment.B)Electric current and the energy field.C)Electricity and cancer.D)Electrical workers and cancer.Section C:Question and AnswerDirections:In this section,you will hear a passage.The passage will be read only once.Then try to answer the following questions according to what you have heard.Remember you should write your answer on the Answer Sheet.26.Why aren't most new doctors interested in beginning work in a small town?27.Why do many small town doctors work long hours?28.What is the growing problem in theUnited States?29.How many new doctors did the National Health Service Corps produce in1979?30.Whom did a hospital in Parkersprary offer a reward o€5,000dollar to?Part11[.Vocabulary(20%),Directions:In each question,decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked.Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.31.To qualify for such a position,the native would first have to receive specialized training,and thisis____A)refused B)discouragedC)denied D)forbidden32.The little girl wore a very thin coat.A sudden gust of cold wind made her____A)whirl B)shiftC)shiver D)shake33.Presently,there are nine teachers in my team,who have____the task of teaching advanced English tomore than500non-English majors.A)inclined B)hesitatedC)afforded D)undertaken34.The press demands that politicians____the sources of their income.A)betray B)concealC)disclose D)renew35.Having gone through all kinds of hardships in life,he became a m with a strong____A)philosophy B)idealismC)morality D)personality36.One new____to learning a foreign language is to study the language in its cultural context.A)approach B)solutionC)manner D)road37.To maintain public____is not only the policemen's duty but f every citizen's responsibility.A)custom B)confidenceC)security D)simplicity38.All was dark in the district except for a candle____through th curtains in one of houses.A)glimmering B)glitteringC)flaming D)blazing39.One of the stands____and dozens of people were either killer or injured.A)destroyed B)collapsedC)corroded D)ruined40."Me,afraid of him?"he said with a(n)____smile,"Not me!"A)contemptible B)amusingC)contagious D)contemptuous41.He will simply no listen to anybody;he is____to argument.A)impervious B)imperceptibleC)impassable D)blunt42.Stop asking all these personal questions!It is bad manners to beA)inquisitive B)impatientC)acquisitive D)informative43.He____between life and death for a few days but then he pul:A)hovered B)lurchedC)wavered D)fluctuated44.We are prepared to satisfy all your____claimA}legitimate B)legibleC)intimate D)legislative45.There is not a Greek word which is the exact____of the English word'stile'.A)equivalent B)copyC)counterpart D)meaning46.The prizes will be____at the end of the school year.A)distributed B)attributedC)granted D)contributed47.During our stay in Paris we were splendidly____by the Italian Ambassador.A)sustained B)maintainedC)retained D)entertained48.On leaving,we thanked him most warmly for the hospitality____to us and our friends.A)extended B)expandedC)expended D)awarded49.If the dispute is not settled in a(n)____way soon,the two countries will certainly go to war.A)amiable B)amicableC)inimical D)unfriendly50,If I may be so____as to advise you,my opinion is that you should not reply to his letter.A)generous B)humbleC)proud D)bold51.If you take a(n)____course like her you can learn English in less than two years.A)intensive B)extensiveC)expansive D)retentive52.After a year's hard work I think I am____to a long holiday.10,A)entailed B)deservedC)entitled D)satisfied53.Thousands of people____from Greece every year to work in West Germany.A)emigrate B)leaveC)abandon D)immigrate54,lie was a member of the Hillary____that conquered MountEverest.A)mission B)invasionC)experiment D)expedition55.It was my sad duty to____the news of John's death to his family.A)submit B)breakC)say D)proclaim56.He____himself as a war correspondent in Vietnam.A)discerned B)distinguishedC)discriminated D)extinguished57.She____his invitation to dinner as she was on a diet.A)inclined B)declinedC)denied D)disinclined58.He was____with attempted robbery and held in custody..A)accused B)prosecutedC)charged D)arrested59.What the witness said in court was not____with the statement he made to the police.A)prevalent B)relevantC)consistent D)coincident60.Molly has always beep a(n)____child;she becomes ill easily.A)delicate B)gloomyC)energetic D)confident61.There are some very beautifully____glass windows in the church.A)designed B)drawnC)marked D)stained62.The man who never tries anything new is a(n)____on the wheels of progress.A)obstacle B)brakeC)break D)block63.There is a sale at Hamfridge's next week with____in all departments.A)decreases B)subtractionsC)reductions D)accounts64.Doctors have long known that if a patient is____that he will recover and is treated with sympathy,his painwill often disappear.A)assumed B)assuredC)informed D)proved65:Although most birds have only a____sense of smell,they have acute vision.A}genuine.B)negativeC)negligible D)condensed66.We are sorry to say that Mary is not the very person who can be____with either money or secret information.A）entrusted B)committedC)consigned D)assigned67.If you never review your lessons,you will only have yourself to____if you fail in your examination.A)complain B)blameC)mistake D)fault68.We were four scores left behind with five minutes to go,so the game looked completely____A)irresistible B)irremissibleC}irreplaceable D)irretrievable69.Had the explosion broken out,the passagers in the plane should have been killed,for it was____timedwith the plane's take-off.A)spontaneously B)instantaneouslyC}simultaneously D)conscientiously70.The two witnesses who saw the shootings were able to____who hard fired first.A)encounter B)highlightC}testify D)identifyPart III.Reading Comprehension(50minutes,30points)Directions:There are6passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and write your answer on the Answer Sheet.One day in1963,a dolphin named Elvar and a famous astronomer,Carl Sagan,were playing a little game.The astronomer was visiting an institute which was looking into the way dolphins communicate with each other.He was standing a t the edge of one of the tanks where several of these highly intelligent, friendly creatures were kept.Elvar had just swum up alongside hiui,and had turned on his back.He wanted Sagan to scratch his stomach again,as the astronomer had done twice before.But this time Elvar was too deep in the water for Sagan to reach him.Elvar looked up at Sagan,waiting.Then,after a minute or so,the dolphin leapt up through the water into the air and made a sound just like the word`More?'The astonished astronomer went-to the director of the institute and told him about the incident.`Oh,yes:That's one of the words he knows,'the director said,showing no surprise at all.Dolphins have bigger brains in proportion to their body size than humans have,andit has been known for a long time that they can make a number o€sounds.What is more,these sounds seem to have different functions,such as warning each other of danger. Sound travels much faster,and much further in water than it does in air.That is why the parts of the brain that deal with sound are much better developed in dolphins than in humans.But can it be said that dolphins have a `language'in the real sense of the word?Scientists don't agree on this.A language is not just a collection of sounds,or even words.A language has a structure,or what we call a grammar.The grammar of a language helps to give it meaning.For example,the two questions`Who loves Mary?'and`Who does Mary love?' mean different things.If you stop to think about it,you will see that this difference doesn't come from the words in the question but from the difference in structure.That is why the question`Can dolphins speak?' can't be answered until we find out if dolphins not only make sounds but also arrange them in ways which affect their meaning.71.The dolphin leapt into the air becauseA)Sagan had turned his backB)it was part of the game they were playingC)he wanted Sagan to scratch him againD)Sagan wanted him to do this72.When Sagan told the director about what the dolphin had done,the directorA)didn't seem to think it was unusualB)thought Sagan was jokingC)told Sagan about other words the dolphin knewD)asked him if he knew other words73.Dolphins'brains are particularly well-developed toA)help them to travel fast in waterB)arrange sounds in different structuresC)respond to different kinds of soundD)communicate with humans through sound74.The sounds we call words can be called a language only ifA)each sound has a different meaningB)each sound is different from the otherC)there is a system of writingD)they have a structure or grammarMarried people live"happily ever after"in fairy tales,but they do so less and less often in real life.1,like many of my friends,got married,divorced,and remarried.I suppose,to some people,I'm a failure.After all,I broke my first solemn promise to"love and cherish until death us do part."But I feel that I'm finally a success.I learned from the mistakes I made in my first marriage.This time around,the ways my husband and I share our free time,make decisions,and deal with problems are very different.I learned,first of all,not to be a clinging vine(依赖男子的妇女).In my first marriage,I felt the every moment we spent apart was wasted.If Ray wanted to go out to a bar with his friends to watch a football game,I felt rejected and talked him into staying home.I wouldn't accept an offer to go to a movie or join an exercise class it'it meant that Ray would be home alone.I realize now that we were often angry with each other just because we spent too much time together.In contrast,my second husband and I spend some of our tree time apart and try to have interests of our own.I have started playing racquetball at a health club,and Davidsometimes takes off to go to the local auto races with his friends.When we are together,we aren't bored with each other;our separate interests make us more interesting people.I learned not only to be apart sometimes but also to work together when it's time to make decisions.When Ray and I were married,I left all the important decisions to him.He decided how we would spend money, whether we should sell the car or fix it,and where to take a vacation.I know now that I went along with this so that I wouldn't have to take the responsibility when things went wrong.I could always end an argument by saying,"It was your fault!"With my second marriage,I am trying to be a full partner.We ask each other's opinions on major decisions and try to compromise if we disagree.If we make the wrong choice,we're equally guilty.When we rented an apartment,for example,we both had to take the blame for not noticing the drafty windows and the"no pets"clause in our lease.Maybe the most important thing I've learned is to be a grown-up about facing problems.David and i have made a vow to face our troubles like adults.If we're mad at each other or worried and upset,we say how we feel.Rather than hide behind our own misery,we talk about the problem until we discover how to fix it.Everybody argues or has to deal with the occasional crisis,but Ray and I always reacted like children to these stormy times.I would lock myself in the spare bedroom.Ray would stalk out of the house,slam the door,and race off in the car.Then I would cry and worry till he returned.I wish that my first marriage hadn't been the place where I learned how to make a relationship work, but at least I did learn.1feel better now about being an independent person,about making decisions,and about facing problems.My second marriage isn't perfect,but it doesn't have the deep flaws that made the first one fall apart.75.Which of the following has contributed to the writer's divorce?A)Her former husband went out to watch football games.B)She started to play racquetball at a health club.C)They spent too much time together and got bored with each other.D)They spent so little time together that they could not talk to each other.76.It can be learned from the passage that the writer,in her first marriage,A)took less responsibility than she should for major decisionB)tool:the same responsibility as her husbandC)took more blame when things went wrongD)felt equally guilty when things went wrong77.Which of the following that the author should have said when she quarrelled with her former husband but she did not.A)"It was your fault!"B)"Maybe you're right."C)"It's none of your business."D)"It's none of my business."78.All the problems between the writer and David can be resolved becauseA)they hide their feelingsB)they lock themselves in their bedroomC)they have promised not to be mad at each otherD)they dare to face them79,The writer's second marriage is different from the first one in all the following ways exceptA)that they share their free timeB)that they make their decisions togetherC)that they talk to each otherD)that they deal with their troubles together80.The best title for the passage isA)First MarriageB)Second MarriageC)DivorceD)Perfect Marriage（3）Classified Advertising is that advertising which is grouped in certain sections of the paper and is thus distinguished from display advertising.Such groupings as"Help Wanted","Real Estate,""Lost and Found" are made,the rate charged being less than that for display advertising.Classified advertisements are a convenience to the reader and a saving to the advertiser.The reader who,is interested in a particular kind of advertisement finds all advertisements of that type grouped for him.The advertiser may,on this account,use a very small advertisement that would be lost if it were placed among larger advertisements in the paper.It is evident that the reader approaches the classified advertisement in a different frame of mind from that in which he approaches the other advertisements in the paper.He turns to a page of classified advertisements to search for the particular advertisement that will meet his needs.As his attention is voluntary, the advertiser does not need to rely to much extent on display type to get the reader's attention.Formerly all classified advertisements were of the same size and did not have display type.With the increase in the number of such advertisements,however,each advertiser within a certain group is vying with others in the same group for the reader's attention.In many cases the result has been an increase in the size of the space used and the addition of headlines and pictures.In that way the classified advertisement has in reality become a display advertisement.This is particularly true of realestate advertising.81.Classified advertising is different to display advertising becauseA)all advertisements of a certain type are grouped togetherB)it is more distinguishedC)it is more expensiveD)nowadays the classified advertisements are all of the same size82.One of the examples given of types of classified advertisement isA)house for saleB)people who are asking for helpC)people who are lostD)real antiques for sale83.What sort of attitude do people have when they look at classified advertisements,according to thewriter?A)They are in the frame of mind to buy anything.B)They are looking for something they need.C)They feel lost because there are so many advertisements.D)They feel the same as when they look at display advertisements.84.What does the writer say about the classified advertisements that used to be put in the papers?A)They used to be voluntary.B)They used to use display type.C)They were all the same size.D)They were more formal.85.Why have classified advertisements changed in appearance,according to the writer?A)Because people no longer want headlines and pictures.B)Because real estate advertising is particularly truthful now.C）Because the increase in the number of such advertisements means they have to be smaller now.D)Because there are more advertisements now and more competition amongst advertisers..（4）Mr Abu,the laboratory attendant,came in from the adjoining store and briskly cleaned the blackboard.He was a retired African sergeant from the Army Medical Corps and was feared by the boys.If he caught any of them in any petty thieving,he offered them the choice of a hard smack on the bottom or of being reported to the science masters.Most boys chose the former as they knew the matter would end there with no long interviews,moral arguments and an entry in the conduct book.The science master,a man called Vernier,stepped in and stood on his small platform.Vernier set the experiments for the day and demonstrated them,then retired behind the"Church Times"which he read seriously in between walking quickly along the rows of laboratory benches,advising boys.It was a simple heat experiment to show that a dark surface gave out more heat by radiation than a bright surface.During the class,Vernier was called away to the telephone and Abu was not about,having retired to the lavatory for a smoke.As soon as a posted guard announced that he was out of sight,minor pandemonium('N k)broke out.Some of the boys raided the store.The wealthier ones took rubber tubing to make catapults and to repair bicycles,and helped themselves to chemicals for developing photographic films.The poorer boys, with a more determined aim,took only things of strict commercial interst which could be sold easily in the market.They emptied stuff into bottles in their pockets.Soda for making soap,magnesium sulphate for opening medicine,salt for cooking,liquid paraffin for women's hairdressing,and fine yellow iodoform powder much in demand for sprinkling on sores.Kojo objected mildly to all this."Oh,shut up!"a few boys said.Sorie,a huge boy who always wore a fez indoors,commanded respect and some leadership in the class. He was gently drinking his favourite mixture of diluted alcohol and bicarbonate----which he called"gin and fizz"----from a beaker."Look here,Kojo,you are getting out of hand.What do you think our parents pay taxes and school fees for?For us to enjoy----or to buy a new car every year for Simpson?"The other boys laughed. Simpson was the European headmaster,feared by the small boys,adored by the boys in the middle school,and liked,in a critical fashion,with reservations,by some of the senior boys and African masters.He had a passion for new motor-cars,buying one yearly."Come to think of it,"Sorie continued to Kojo,"you must take something yourself,then we'll know we are safe,""Yes,you must,"the other boys insisted.Kojo gave in and,unwillingly,took a little nitrate for some gunpowder experiments which he was carrying out at home."Someone!"the look-out called.The boys ran back to their seats in a moment.Sorie washed out his mouth,at the sink with some water.Mr Abu,the laboratory attendant,entered and observed the innocent expression on the faces of thewhole class.He looked round fiercely and suspiciously,and then sniffed the air.It was a physicsexperiment,but the place smelled chemical.However,Vemier came in then.After asking if anyonewas in difficulties,and finding that no one could in a moment think up anything,he retired to hischair and settled down to an article on Christian reunion.86,The boys were afraid of Mr Abu becauseA)he had been an Army sergeant and had military ideas of disciplineB)he reported them to the Science masters whenever he caught them petty thievingC)he was cruelD)he believed in strict discipline87.When the boys were caught petty thieving,they usually chose to be beaten by Mr Abu becauseA)he gave them only one hard smack instead of the six from their teachersB)they did not want to get a bad reputation with their teachersC)they were afraid of their science mastersD)his punishment was quicker than their teachers'88.Some boys took chemicals like soda and iodoform powder becauseA)they liked to set up stalls in the marked and sell things,like tradersB)they were too poor to buy things like soap and medicineC)they wanted money and could sell such things quicklyD)they needed things like soap and medicine for sores89.A big difference between Kojo and Sorie was thatA)Kojo took chemicals for some useful experiment but Sorie only wasted his in making an alcoholicdrink.B)Sorie was rich but Kojo was poorC)Kojo had a guilty conscience but Sorie did notD)when Kojo objected.Sorie proved that what they were doing was reasonable90.On entering the laboratory,Mr Abu was immediately suspicious becauseA)the whole class was looking so innocentB)he was a suspicious man by natureC)there was no teacher in the roomD)he could smell chemicals and he knew it was a physics lesson,（5）Alison closed the door of her small flat and put down her briefcase.As usual,she had brought some work home from the travel agency.She wanted to have a quick bite to eat and then,after spending a few hours working,she was looking forward to watching television or listening to some music:.She was just about to start preparing her dinner when there was a knock at the door.`Uli,no!Who on earth could that be?'she muttered to herself.She went to the door and opened it just wide enough to see who it was.A man of about sixty was standing there.It took her a moment before she realized who he was.He lived in the flat below.They had passed each other on the stairs once or twice,and had nodded to each other but never really spoken.`Uh,sorry to bother you,but...uh...there's something I'd like to talk to you about,'he mumbled.He had a long,thin face and two big front teeth that made him look rather like a rabbit.Alison hesitated,but then, opening the door wide,asked him to come in.It was then that she noticed the dog.She hated dogs----particularly big ones.This one was a very old,very fat bulldog.The man had already bone into her small living-room and,without being asked,he sat down on the sofa.The dog followed him in and climbed up on the sofa next to him,breathing heavily.She stared at it.It stared back.The man coughed.`Uh,do you mind if I smoke?'he asked.Before she could ask him not to,he had taken out a cigarette and lit it.`I'll tell you why I've come.I...I hope you won't be offended but,well...,'he began and then stopped. Suddenly his face went red.His whole body began to shake.Then another cough exploded from somewhere deep inside him.Still coughing,he took out a grey,dirty-looking handkerchief and spat into it.Afterwards he put the cigarette back into his mouth and inhaled deeply.As he did so,some ash fell on the carpet.The man looked around the room.He seemed to have forgotten what he wanted to say.Alison glanced at her watch and wondered when he would get to the point.She waited.'Nice place you've got here,'he said at last.91.How do you think Alison felt when she heard the knock at the door?A)Afraid.B)Irritated.C)Pleased.D)Curious.92.Who was the man at the door?A)Someone from work.B)A friend who needed advice.。

北师大历年专业博士入学考试试题教育学原理2008（A）1. 从现代教育的基本价值和功能分析教育对个人发展的意义（25 分）2. 试论教学过程的特殊性及对教学工作的意义（25 分）3. 互联网对青少年交往行为的影响并就学校教育由此面临的问题等谈谈你的看法。

（20 分）剩下的一题为各个方向规定选择的试题。

（30 分）今年实行的是3+1 模式。

2008 （B）（其中第2,3两题与教育学A卷一样，希望后来者有借鉴）1. 论述义务教育的基本特征以及政府应该承担的责任.（35 分）0 a O9 H\&d9L#F C'q"e（d4R2. 试论教学过程的特殊性及对教学工作的指导意义（35分）2……3. 论述互联网对青少年学生交往行为的影响并就学校教育由此面临的问题等谈谈你的对策。

（30 分）2007（A）1、试论现代教育的基本价值和功能及其对个人发展的意义。

（35 分）2、谈谈近年来教育研究方法论方面的若干变化及其意义。

（30 分）3、要求根据材料写篇小文章。

材料太长，我的准考证实在抄不下来哦，但是出自《发展教育学年鉴2 00 3 》，首都师大出版社2003 版。

具体内容是关于现代德育方面的。

（35 分）2007（B）1. 现代教育的价值取向以及与人美好生活的关系2. 评析基础教育课程改革的价值取向3. 有关网络道德教育插入：2007 年教育政治学与教育法真题1、怎样理解法律上的权利与义务的概念及分类。

2、试述教育与法律的关系。

（ ?（h8u-u4o7U'n8|4B3、高校与学生的法律关系辨析。

2007 经管学院的博士考试1. 教育财政公平与效率关系；2. 大学生就业难成因与对策分析；3. 各级教育中“市场化”问题分析；4. 择校问题成因分析；5. 分析人力资本理论与筛选理论关于教育作用的观点。

2006（B）1、从教育的本质属性角度，评析“教育产业化”。

2、现在德育概念有泛化的趋势，广义的德育包括（思想政治教育、道德品质教育、法制教育、心理健康教育等）以及狭义的德育（道德品质教育）概念的各自内涵及相互关系。

2017年10月高等教育自学考试《学前教育原理》真题(总分100, 考试时间150分钟)一、单项选择题：本大题共30小题，每小题1分,共30分。

在每小题列出的备选项中只有一项是最符合题目要求的,请将其选出。

1. 学前教育就是指（）。

A 0-3岁的儿童的教育B 3-6、7岁儿童的教育C 2-5岁的儿童的教育D 出生至6、7岁儿童的教育答案:D2. 在我国第一次提出实施学前社会教育的教育家是（）。

A 康有为B 蔡元培C 陈鹤琴D 陶行知答案:A3. 决定学前教育性质的是（）。

A 经济水平B 政治制度C 文化传统D 科学技术答案:B4. 我国学前教育充分吸收外国的教育理论如皮亚杰的建构理论、维果斯基的最近发展区、瑞吉欧的课程理论等，体现了学前教育对文化的（）。

A 传承功能B 交流功能C 选择功能D 创新功能答案:B5. "龙生龙风生风"，"种瓜得瓜种豆得豆"，有什么样的老子就有什么样的儿子，反映了生物的（）。

A 遗传性B 社会性C 主观性D 能动性答案:A6. 决定学前教育价值的关键因素是（）。

A 办学理念B 教学水平C 发展适宜D 儿童身心答案:C7. -般儿童都先学会爬然后再学会走路再能四处跑动，先感知理解周围事物产生记忆想象等心理活动，这说明儿童身心发展具有（）。

A 顺序性B 阶段性C 不均衡性D 个体差异性答案:A8. 德纳姆等人研究发现成人对儿童的支持和帮助有助于儿童在别人悲伤愤怒痛苦时表现出助人行为，说明学前教育显著地影响了儿童发展的（）。

A 社会性B 自然性C 目的性D 生理性答案:A9. 我闻学前教育目标的持征有二，一是在全面发展要求上反映学前儿童身心发展的特点和可能性，二是人的素质发展（）。

A 以德为先B 以智为先C 以体为先D 以美为先答案:C10. 学前儿童肌肉力量、韧带强度正处于发育过程当中，在体育锻炼时要做到"高密度，低强度"，反映了学前儿童体育应具备的特点是（）。

西北师范大学大四教育系教育学专业课试题与答案 得分_________ 一、单项选择题：1～45小题，每小题2分，共90分。

下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。

请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。

1. 关注和探询“谁控制学校”、“谁制定学校管理的政策”、“谁决定教育的伦理、社会和经济目标”、“谁设置课程”的教育理论流派是 A. 制度教育学 B.改造主义教育理论 C. 存在主义教育理论 D. 批判教育学 本题考查教育学理论发展历程中的流派观点 2.如下现象属于教育范畴的是 A. 爸爸针对小明懦弱的个性设法训练小明如何以牙还牙报复欺侮者 B. 妈妈指导小明在与他人冲突中如何保护自己 C. 老师严格管理以保护小明等弱小学生不再受欺负 D. 小明在与同学的多次冲突中逐渐学会了如何与人和睦相处本题考查教育的基本概念学号____________姓名___________ 考生所在系（部）__________ 适用于系班密封线内不要答题3. 下列现象中。

可以说明教育对社会发展起促进作用的是A. 班级授课制为普及义务教育提供了便利B. 普及义务教育在一定程度上满足了机器大生产对劳动力的要求C. 僵化的制度化教育导致社会拒绝学校毕业生D. 学生发展指导制度促进了学生学业、生涯、个性及社会性的发展【参考答案】B4. 把教育隐喻为“园艺”，把学生比作“祖国的花朵”，称教师为“园丁”。

持这种观点的人在人的身心发展影响因素问题上倾向于A. 遗传决定论B. 成熟轮C, 环境决定论D. 内因与外因交互作用论【参考答案】C5. 在课程内容选择上，斯宾塞认为科学知识最有价值，其判断依据是他的A. 社会本位教育目的论B. 外在教育目的论C. 教育准备生活说D. 教育适应生活说【参考答案】C6. 随着我国高中教育大众化、普及化，普通高中的性质发生改变，在教育任务上兼顾A. 普通教育与职业教育B. 普通教育与基础教育C. 升学预备教育与就业预备教育D. 基础教育与预备教育本题考查教育与培养目标。

西北师范大学2003年--2008年教育技术学考研试题西北师范大学2003年教育技术学考研试题一、名词解释(每题6分，共48分)现代教育技术现代远程教育教育信息化超媒体校园网数字化学习建构主义学习理论信息能力二、解答题(每题9分，共72分)1、简述电化教育(教育技术的发展阶段)2、简述电化教育的基本原则3、简述教育传播过程的基本阶段4、简述教学设计的基本环节5、简述信息技术教育的基本特征6、简述现代教育媒体的分类7、简述Internet的主要功能8、简述优秀电子教材和教育资源库的标准三、论述题(每题15分，共30分)1、什么是信息技术与课程整合?如何实现两者的整合?请谈谈你对这个问题的看法。

2、当前我国信息化建设的主要问题是什么?你认为教育信息化建设的重点应该落实在哪里?西北师范大学2004年教育技术学考研试题一、名词解释(每小题4分，共32分)教育技术教育信息信息素养教学设计教学过程最优化教学媒体信息技术教育教育信息化二、解答题(每小题8分，共64分)1、什么是信息技术与课程整合?2、简述我国远程教育经历了几个阶段?3、简述教育信息化建设的三大范畴?4、简述数字化学习的主要模式?5、远程教育中一般运用哪些教学媒体?6、电化教育过程(教育技术过程)与一般教育过程相比增添了哪三个因素，他们的特点是什么?7、什么是教育传播?8、简述计算机网络的功能?三、论述题(1、2题每题13分，3、4题每题14分，共54分)1、从技术层面和教育层面阐述教育信息化的特征?2、中小学开设信息技术教育课对学生发展有什么意义?3、当代教师为什么要学习和掌现代教育技术?4、阐述电化教育(教育技术)的过程及构成要素?2005年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题一、名词解释题(选做5题，每题8分，共40分)1现代教育技术2信息技术3超媒体4多媒体教学软件5教学设计6数字化学习(E-Learning)二、解答题(选做4题，每题15分，共60分)1、什么是信息化教学模式?它与一般教学模式有什么不同?2、简述从资源和媒体的角度进行信息化教育硬件环境的分类。

西北师范大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试试题（333 教育综合）
一、名词解释
1.鸿门都学
2.教育
3.分支型学制
4.罗森塔尔效应
5.公学
6.要素教育
7.思维定势
二、简答
1为什么教育在人的发展过程中起主导作用
2简述学习动机对学习效率的影响
3简述实施道德教育的途径
4简述教师劳动的特点
5简述促进学习迁移的措施
6简述晏阳初的乡村教育思想
7简述南京国民政府时期的教育宗旨和教育方针
三、论述
1教育对经济的作用和经济对教育的制约2比较分析斯巴达教育和雅典教育的特征。

凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！
2017年考研陕师大学333教育综合
真题（凯程首发）
考研中，真题最终的目的不是拿来做的，而是拿来研究的。

对于专业课真题，一定要尽一切可能搜集齐全，这样才能了解其考点、考察频次、题型、分值、命题角度等，从而考试时不确定性就会大大减少。

现凯程教育为考研考生们分享相关重要的真题资料。

刚考完2017考研初试，凯程教育的电话瞬间变成了热线，同学们兴奋地汇报自己的答题情况，几乎所有内容都在凯程考研集训营系统训练过，所考专业课难度与往年相当，答题的时候非常顺手，相信凯程的学员们对此非常熟悉，预祝亲爱的同学们复试顺利。

考研分笔试、面试，如果没有准备，或者准备不充分，很容易被挂掉。

如果需要复试的帮助，同学们可以联系凯程老师辅导。

下面凯程老师把专业的真题全面展示给大家，供大家估分使用，以及2018年考研的同学使用，本试题凯程首发!
一、名词解释
最近发展区教育三要素讲授法接受学习学习兴趣课程标准朱子读书法
二、简答
教学过程的性质
文艺复兴时期人文主义的特点
革命根据地的经验
培养班集体的方法
影响问题解决的因素
建构主义的学习观
三、论述
人的核心能力-核心要素-教育改革启示
陶行知的生活教育理论，浅谈学校教育与学生生活的理想关系
赫尔巴特课程论与教学论是否适用
四、案例
教师主导与学生主体“无师课堂“”圣陶中学
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