高考英语牛津英语虚拟语气

主句
would (should, could, might ) + do
1) If I were you, I shouldn't do that. 2) We would go with you if we had time. 3) We could ask him if he were here. 4) If I knew his telephone number, I would ring him up.
h
8
3. If my lawyer _____ here last
Saturday, he _____me from
going.
A. had been; would have
prevented
B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent
D. were; would have prevented
A. Could B. Should C. Might D. Must
h
14
19. _____ your letter, I would have written back two days ago. A. If I received B. Should I received C. Had I received D. If I could have received
A. should come; had seen
B. came; would see
C. come; will see
D. had come; w(1) Mr Brown _____ a house if he had enough money.
A. will buy B. would buy C. bought D. has bought

If I were you, I should/would go at once. 要是我有自己的车，我该多福。
If I had a car of my own, I should be very happy.
（2）与过去事实相反的条件 句 If…过去完成时…, 主句+ would/could / might/should have done If you had been there last night, nothing would have happened. If she had got up earlier, she would have caught the bus.
一、配对题 (B )1.If Tony had been to China (C )2.Had you told me about it earlier (A )3.If you knew how to shoot a film A B C D we would invite you to the conference he would have visited BeiJing I wouldn’t have made that mistake He would be considered impolite.
A. Had I been you
C. Were I you
B.I were you
D. I had been you
句型转换
If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again. Had I had __________time, I would have run round that lake again. If there should be a flood, what should we do? Should there be flood, what should we do? _______________a

the exam.
◎ If I were the student, I would not use the
mobile phone in class.
Conclusion
以上例句谈论的都是与 现在事实相反的情况
If+主语+ did(were) , 主语+ would/should/could/might+动词原形 .
Practice
C 1. I don’t have a cellphone. If I _______ one , it would
be convenient for me to get in touch with others.
A. has
B. have been
C. had
D. have
2. If the earthquake had happened in the daytime,
visit to the Taizhou Bridge.
had not been
4. If it hadn’t rained last Sunday, we cmouigldhgt o picnicking.
could have gone
省略if 的虚拟条件句的倒装
IfWI ewreerIe Obama’s daughter, I would be very happy.
A 5. If I _____ in the 22nd century, I ______
my vacation in a very different way. A. should live; would spend B. will live; should spend C. were living; should have spent D. will be living; would have spent

高考题目练习
1. Maybe if I ______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. （2011北京） A. studied B. would study
C. had studied
D. was studying
高中虚拟语气 混合虚拟语气讲解
学科 英语
知识点：一、虚拟语气在条件句中 1. 与现在事实相反 If 从句 动词过去式，主句should/could/would/might+动词原形 2. 与过去事实相反： If 从句 动词过去完成时， 主句 should/could/would/might have + 过去 分词
3. 与将来事实相反：
If 从句 动词过去式， were+ tocould/would/might+动词原形 • 主句
二、混合虚拟语气
当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生 的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词 的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整．
例句：
• If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. • 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了． • If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. • 如果你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了．
___ .（2011北京）
B. didn't die D. wouldn't have died
3.— How I want to have studied harder when I was in school. — If you ______, you wouldn’t work into late every day nowadays.

Jay Chou
第34页/共46页
What would you talk about if…（ were to visit )
Premier Wen Jiabao
第35页/共46页
Free talk
• 1 If there were no exams • 2 Were I made headmaster of our school
If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out.
Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t
go out.
第24页/共46页
She was a middle-aged woman. One who had borne six children and buried three. She was a tall woman, standing a head higher than her fiery little husband. She would have been a strikingly beautiful woman had there been any glow in her eyes, and warmth in her smile or any spontaneity(自发性) in her voice that fell with gentle melody(旋律) on the ears of her family and her servants. She spoke in the soft voice of the coastal Georgian, with few marks of French accent. (Taken from Gone With the Wind)

虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。

I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。

May you succeed! 祝您成功!I．简单句中的虚拟语气一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气，常用于日常会话中。

Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗？I should be grateful if you would be kind enough to help me.It would be better for you not to stay up too late. 你最好别熬夜到很晚。

二、表祝愿。

常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。

God bless you! / Heaven help you! 愿上帝保佑你！May you be happy! 祝你快乐！May you do even better! 祝你取得更大成就！May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。

II．状语从句中的虚拟语气一、虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法：1. 表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。

其句子结构为：从句：If + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用were) + ……主句：主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形+ ……If I were you, I would go with him. If the weather were fine, I would go there.If it weren’t snowing, we wouldn’t stay in the house.If it weren’t for your help, we would get into trouble.If they were here, he would be speaking to them now.2. 表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。

与将来事实相反虚拟：
大话西游
如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会， 我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。 如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限，我希望是--一万年! If the God ________________________(give) me should give/were to give/gave another chance，I_________ (tell) the girl three would tell words, “ I love you.” If I ______(have to) set a to time limit to our love, It_________ had (be)10,000 years! would be
过去
If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 would/could/should had done /might +have done
与过去事实相反虚拟：
hadn’t hit ( not hit) an iceberg, If Titanic ________ have sunk the unsinkable ship wouldn’t _______________ (not sink) into the ocean.
如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。
If he had got up early, he would not have been late for school.（与过去事实反）
If I ________ had learnt (learn ) how to swim,
would not have been (be) trapped in I __________________ this island.（与过去事实相反）

专题08情态动词和虚拟语气考点聚焦高考英语对情态动词的考查主要集中考查情态动词的确切含义(表能力、表推测、表请求/建议/命令/允许/禁止/义务/责任、表必要性以及表意愿/决心等)和情态动词＋have done确切含义。

高考英语对虚拟语气的考查主要集中在if(包括省略if的)条件句、名词性从句以及在特殊句型中虚拟语气的应用上。

解情态动词题要做到：“合情”：正确理解句子，从说话者的角度去考虑问题，结合具体的语境来作答；“合理”：分析语境并确定应填情态动词的基本含义和推测含义；“不唯法”：不硬套基本规则，注意情态动词的特殊用法。

解虚拟语气题的方法：句型提示法：句型本身就提示要用虚拟语气；语境分析法：上下文所提供的语境要求要用虚拟语气。

情态动词考点1 情态动词的确切含义▲对can/could的考查①Although you _______ find bargains in London, it’s not generally a cheap place to shop.A. shouldB. needC. mustD. can【答案与解析】D。

should应该，竟然；need需要；must必须，一定；非得，偏偏；can能够，可能，有时会。

句意：尽管你有时可能会在伦敦找到便宜货，但总得说来那不是一个购物的便宜的地方。

根据句意可知can表示有时可能，有时会。

故D正确。

②(2016高考英语天津卷)It was really annoying; I _______ get access to the data bank you had recommended.A. wouldn’tB. couldn’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t【答案与解析】B。

wouldn’t不愿意；couldn’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必。

故选B。

句意：这真是令人生气的；我不能进入你推荐的数据库。

A. were
B. had been
C. was
D. have been
本句中前半句是用了would have done的 虚拟语气，是对过去情况的虚拟；但是but 连接的分句，是用来说明过去所发生的事 实的，所以句中谓语动词该用一般过去时。 所以正确答案是： C
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10. The teaห้องสมุดไป่ตู้her agreed to the suggestion
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7. My suggestion is that we ________ the sports meeting. A. would put off B. should put off C. could put off D. be put off
本句中that引导的表语从句，是说明my suggestion的具体内容，所以从句中谓语 动词该用should + V原形的形式，should 可以省略。所以正确答案是： B
由主句可见本题是对过去情况的假设，所 以if从句中谓语动词该用过去完成时，也可 以省略if，把had提前，用倒装的形式表达。 所以正确答案是： D
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5. Without sunlight or water or air,
there ________ no life on the earth.
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2. If Alice ________ this afternoon, the meeting would be put off. A. would not come B. might not come C. should not come D. could not come

专题08情态动词和虚拟语气知识精讲情态动词情态动词本身有词义，但是没有人称和数的变化。

也就是说，它在任何主语后形式都是一样的，这是与情态动词和助动词最大的差异；情态动词有时态的变化，但是不能独立作谓语。

情态动词可以表示：能力、义务、可能性和允许等意义；情态动词还可以用来给人们：提出请求、提出建议、提供帮助以与提出意见等。

一、can/could的用法1.表示“能力〞①I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _______find the money.A . can B. might C. would D. need【答案与解析】A。

此处考查的是“can〞的根本意义“能，能够〞。

句意：如果我能够弄到那笔钱，我就和约翰一起到欧洲去度假。

②He _______sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.A. wouldn’tB. shouldn’tC. couldn’tD. mustn’t【答案与解析】C。

从题干“although he tried to〞可锁定答案为C“couldn’t〞。

句意：他搜肠刮肚去想主意，等想到了，试图去睡上一觉，却怎么也不能入睡。

③—How’s your new babysitter?—We _______ask for a better one.All our kids love her so much.A. shouldB. mightC. mustn’tD. couldn’t【答案与解析】D。

should应该；might可能，可以；mustn’t禁止；couldn’t不可能。

根据句意选D。

句意：“你们新来的保姆怎么样？〞“我们不可能找到(比她)更好的保姆了。

我们的孩子们很喜欢她。

与过去事实相反
If Tom had learnt how to swim, he would not have been trapped on that island for four years.
与过去事实相反
If he had got up earlier , he could have caught the train.
1、If+主语+动词过去式
主语+would
2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形 ( should / might /
3、If+主语+should +动词原形 could )＋动词原形
2. (if省略) 倒装虚拟条件句
在虚拟条件句中，如果条件句中有were, had（助动词）或should时，可使用倒装 结构，但if必须省略。若条件从句为否定句， 否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were， should，had等缩略成weren’t， shouldn’t，hadn’t置主语+ 动词的过去式 （be动词一般用were)
即：If+一般过去时态 （be动词一般用were)
主语+would
( should / might / could )＋动词原形
If+主语+had +动词的过去分词 即：If+过去完成时态
主语 + would
( should / might / could )＋have done
if虚拟条件句
If+主语+had +动词的过去分词 即：If+过去完成时态
主语 + would

英语语法(牛津版）第二十八章虚拟语气290形式A 虚拟现在时形式与不带to的不定式完全相同；因此be的虚拟现在时形式不分人称均为be，所有其他动词的虚拟现在时其形式均与其一般现在时形式相同，只是第三人称单数不加s：The queen lives here．女王住在这里。

（一般现在时）Long live the queen！女王万岁！（虚拟语气）B 除be动词之外，虚拟过去时形式与一般过去时形式完全相同，而be的虚拟过去时形式为I/he/she/it was或 I/he/she/itwere。

表示怀疑或不真实的结构中，常常用were而不用was：He behaves as though he were the owner．他表现得就好像他是主人。

（其实他不是。

）在日常口语中，常常用was来代替were。

（参见第225节。

）虚拟的过去常常被称为“不真实的过去”。

291 虚拟现在时的用法A 虚拟现在时常用在某些惊叹句中，表示一种祝愿或希望，时常是牵涉到某种超自然的力量：（God） bless you！愿上帝保佑你！God save the queen！愿上帝保佑女王！Heaven help us！老天保佑我们！Curse this fog！这该死的雾！Come what may，well stand by you！不管发生什么事，我们都将站在你一边！请注意if need be这一短语的用法，它的含义相当于if it isnecessary（如果有必要的话）：If need be we can always bring another car．如果有必要的话我们还可以再开一辆车来。

B 虚拟现在时有时用在诗歌中，或者表示某种愿望，或者用在条件从句或让步从句中：Stevenson：Fair the day shine as it shone in my childhood．史蒂文森：但愿阳光就像我童年时代那么灿烂。

牛津高中英语虚拟语气的全部考点和记忆技巧-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1虚拟语气的基本内容【开头引入】If 如果 (如果有两种可能,有可能发生的，不可能发生的。

)①有可能发生If it rains tomorrow, I will not go to the park.②不可能发生虚拟语气，例如，如果我是姚明，。

虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望，假设，猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。

所以，凡表示与事实不符的假设，想象，愿望时，需用虚拟语气表达。

一、If 引导的虚拟（一）If 引导的虚拟语气,可用下表表示。

例如：①与现在事实相反：If I had wings, I would fly over the sea.②If she were rich, she would buy a bigger house.If there were no gravity, we would not be able to walk on the earth.②与过去事实相反：If You had gone to the party, You would have seen YaoMing.If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam.③与将来事实相反：If he were to tomorrow, We would have the meeting.If he should come tomorrow, We could go to the park together.If there were a heavy snow next Monday, we would not go skating.（二）if虚拟语气条件句的省略倒装。

如果虚拟条件从句中有were, had, should,可把if 省略，把were, had, should 提到主语前面，成为倒装结构。

5 特殊的虚拟语气词：should 1） It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。
句型： (1)suggested It is (2)important that…+ (should) do (3) a pity
（F）
(T)
(F)
(T)
3）在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用 在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。
My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
3 混合条件句 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。
If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.
（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）
If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).
含义： He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.
c. 表示对将来的假想 句型： 条件从句 主句

高中英语语法讲解：虚拟语气一、概述：1.虚拟语气用来表示一个说法并非真实情况，而是说话人的想象假设或主观建议。

2.与虚拟语气相对应的是陈述语气，表示该说法是真实的，符合现实的，用于陈述句、疑问句、感叹句等。

3.虚拟语气的构成有两种：(1) (should) do(2) 时态倒退与现在事实相反：一般现在时do→一般过去时did；be动词(am/is/are) 都变were与将来事实相反：一般将来时will do→过去将来时would do与过去事实相反：一般过去时did→过去完成时had done二、使用虚拟语气的11种情况1.表示“建议、命令、要求、坚持”的词+ should 虚拟语气, 表示“应该做某事”，should 可省略。

常见此类单词有：suggest/suggestion, advise/advice, recommend/recommendation, propose/proposal, order/command/demand, urge, require/request, insist等。

He made a suggestion that TV series (should) not take up too much of students' time.It was demanded that a doctor (should) be called in immediately to save the general's life.注：(1) suggest意为“暗示、表明”(2) insist意为“坚持说、坚持认为”时，后加陈述语气，表示真实情况。

What he said suggested that he wasn’t in favor of watching too much TV.She insisted that she was (be) right and (should) not be punished (not punish).2.在句型It's important/vital/necessary/essential/natural/a pity/shame/strange/... that...中用should虚拟语气，表示“应该/竟然做事某”，should一般不省。

注意1 条件句省略与倒装 Were our teacher here ,we would work out the problem quickly. Had I seen you yesterday ,I would have asked you about it.
注意2 错综时间虚拟条件句
如：If you had followed me, you wouldn’t be in such trouble now.
yours
谢谢！
May the friendship between us keep evergreen. 愿友谊万古长青。
2009年高考英语预 测题
1 It's high time that he _B__ home.
A. goes
B. went
C. will go D. is going to go
2 ___ you succeed and ____ you
主句谓语动词 would + do
2.与过去 had + done 事实相反
would + have done
3.与将来 A. did
should /
事实相反 B. should +do would + do
C. were to +do
Eg;
1 如果老师现在在这,我们就可以很快解出这
道题. If our teacher were here ,we would work out the problem quickly.
4 在for fear that, lest 后接的 从句中
I will not make a noise for fear that (lest) I (should) disturb him.

my mother would take me to Disneyland
表示习惯性动作，意为“总是”，
will/would will指现在，would指过去
at weekends.
我仍旧记得我快乐的童年，那时我妈妈经
常在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。
表示征求意见或提出请求，多 Will/Would you please let me have a look
表示礼貌地请求，意为“能，可 Can you tell us your recipe for happiness
can/could 以”。在疑问句中could可代替 can, 语气更委婉
and a long life?你能告诉我们你幸福和长 寿的秘诀吗？
I can’t thank you too much for all your
3. What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _w__o_u_ld_/_c_o_u_ld__h_a_v_e__h_a_d_（have） a good time together. [解析] 句意：多么遗憾！你错过了这次游览，否则我们就可以一起度过一段愉快 的时光了。根据关键词or可知，这里表示与过去的事实相反，谓语应用would have had或could have had。 4. If we _h_a_d__c_a_u_g_h_t_（catch） the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. [解析] 句意：如果昨天我们赶上了那趟航班，我们现在就正在沙滩上享受我们的 假期了。If从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，用过去完成时。