外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳
一、时态
1.一般现在时
(1)表示经常发生的动作或事情，通常用“usually通常, often常常, every…每…, sometimes有时，always总是,”等词。
(2)基本结构:
主语I / You / We / They /He / She / It
肯定句：主语+ 动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式
否定句：主语+ don’t + 动词原形或者doesn’t + 动原
一般疑问句(Yes/No) Do… ? Yes, I do. No,I don’t.
Does…(动词原形)…? Yes,he/she does. No,he/she doesn’t.
特殊疑问句What do …? How does she…(动词原形)…?
(3) 动词第三人称单数形式(同名词单数变成复数方法相同)
1．一般情况 +s 如:walk-walks
2. 辅音字母+y结尾去y +ies fly-flies
3. 结尾是 s, x， sh, ch +es watch-watches
4. 结尾是0 +es do-does, go-goes
5. 特殊 have-has
2．现在进行时
(1)表示正在发生的动作，通常用“now现在, look看，linsen听”.
(2)基本形式: be + 动词-ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading. He/She/It is(not) eating.
What are you doing? Is he reading?
(3)动词的现在分词形式(动词+ing)
一般情况 +ing walk—walking
结尾是不发音的 e -e + ing come—coming 重读闭音节双写最后一个字母+ing swim-swimming run-running
3. 一般过去时
(1) 表示过去已经发生的事情,通常用“last …上一个…, just now刚才, many years ago许多年前， yesterday昨天”等词。
(2) be 动词的过去式: am/is—was are—were
(3)过去式基本结构
肯定句：主语+ 动词过去式
I went shopping last night.
否定句：主语 + d idn’t + 动词原形
I didn’t go shopping last night.
一般疑问句(Yes/No)
Did …+ 动词原形…?
Did you go shopping last night?
特殊疑问句(wh-) What did…+ 动词原形…?
What did you do last night?
(4)动词过去式的变化:
规则动词的变化:
(1)一般动词 +ed planted,watered,climbed
(2) 以不发音的e结尾 +d liked tied
(3)辅音字母加y结尾 -y+ ied study—studied, cry- cried
(4)重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字双写最后一个字母+ed
plan – planned stop –stopped
不规则动词的变化:
原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式
am /is was are were go went
do did find found buy bought
eat ate feel felt drink drank
teach taught take took read read
give gave have had put put
sing sang drive drove meet met
cut cut begin began make made
let let ring rang write wrote
see saw run ran ride rode
come came draw drew sit sat
tell told learn learnt get got
carry carried study studied
4.一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来打算做的事或将要发生的事情。常常与tomorrow, next Sunday 等时间状语连用。
结构:be going to +动词原形或will +动词原形
例如:I’m going to visit my grandpa next week.
二、人称代词
主格 I we you he she it they
宾格 me us you him her it them
形容词性物主代词 my our your his her its their 名词性物主代词 mine ours yours his hers its theris (注:介词，动词后面跟宾格。后面没有名词时用名词性物主代词。)
三、可数名词的复数形式
1.一般名词: + s book –books
2.辅音字母加y结尾: - y+ ies story—stories
3.以s, x，sh, ch ，结尾: + es glass—glasses; a watch-watches
以o结尾:1)有生命的 +es potato-potatoes
2) 无生命的 +s photo-photoes
4.以f或fe结尾: - f 或fe 变为ves knife –knives; shelf-shelves
5.特殊的名词复数:
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice, child-children
foot-feet,.tooth-teeth
fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,
四、不可数名词(没有复数形式)
bread, rice, water, juice，milk，tea，coffee
五、缩略形式
