新视野大学英语第三版第二册Unit5课文语法讲解

新视野三版读写B2 U5 Text ASpend or save — The student's dilemma1 Do you feel as confused and manipulated as I do with this question, "ShouldI spend or should I save?" I think that the messages we get from our environment seem to defy common sense and contradict each other. Thegovernment tel s us to spend or we'l never get out of the recession. At thesame time, they tel us that unless we save more, our country isin grave danger.Banks offer higher interest rates so we increase savings. Then the same banks send us credit card offers so we can spendmore.2 Here's another familiar example: If we don't pay our credit card bil on time,we get demanding, nasty emails from the credit card company sayingsomething like: "Your failure to pay is unacceptable. Pay immediately or you'lbe in trouble!" Then, as soon as we pay, we get a fol ow-up email in acharming tone tel ing us how valuable a customer we are and encouraging usto resume spending. Which depiction is correct: a failing consumer in troubleor a valued customer? The gap between these two messages is enormous.3 The paradox is that every day we get two sets of messages at odds witheach other. One is the "permissive" perspective, "Buy, spend, get it now. Youneed this!" The other we could cal an "upright" message, which urges us,"Work hard and save. Suspend your desires. Avoid luxuries. Control your appetite for more than you truly need." This message comes to us frommany sources: from school, from parents, even from political figuresreferringto "traditional values". Hard work, family loyalty, and the capacity to postponedesires are core American values that have made our country great. *4 B ut the opposite message, advertising's permissive message, is inescapable. Though sometimes disguised, the messages are everywhere welook: on TV, in movies on printed media and road signs, in stores, and onbuses, trains and subways.Advertisements invade our daily lives. We areconstantly surrounded by the message to spend, spend, spend. Someonerecently said, "The only time you can escape advertising is when you're in yourbed asleep!"5 It's been calculated that by the age of 18, the average American wil haveseen 600,000 ads; by the age of 40, the total is almost one mil ion. Eachadvertisement is doing its utmost to influence our diverse buying decisions,from the breakfast cereal we eat to which cruise line we wil use for ourvacation. There is no shortage of ideas and things to buy! Now, of course, wedon't remember exactly what the products were, but the essential messageis cemented into our consciousness, "It's good to satisfy your desires. Youshould have what you want. You deserve the best. So, you should buy it —now!" A famous advertisement said it perfectly, "I love me. I'm a good friend tomyself. I do what makes me feel good. I derive pleasure from nice things andfeel nourished by them. I used to put things off. Not anymore. Today I'l buynew ski equipment, look at new compact cars, and buy that camera I'vealways wanted. I live my dreams today, not tomorrow."6 What happens as we take in these contradictorybut explicit messages? What are the psychological and social consequencesof this campaign to control our spending habits? On one hand, we want morethings because we want to satisfy our material appetite. Most of us derivepleasure from treating ourselves. On the other hand, a little voice insideus echoes those upright messages: "Watch out, take stock of your life, don't letyour attention get scattered. Postpone your desires. Don't fal into debt.Wait! Retain control over your own life. It wil make you stronger."7 Anyway, many of the skil s you need as a successful student can be appliedto your finances. Consider your financial wel -beings a key ingredient of youruniversity education as money worries are extremely stressful and distracting. They can make you feel terrible and hinder your ability to focus onyour prime objective: successful y completing your education.*8 How can you be a smart and educated consumer? Many schools,community organizations, and even some banks offer financial literacyclasses. Consider consulting with your school's financial aid office orseek input from your parents or other respected adults in setting up a budget. An additional option is finding a partner to help you stay on track andfind pleasure in the administration of your own financial affairs. Mostimportantly, if you find yourself getting into financial trouble, don't letyour ego get in your way; urgently get help with tackling your problem before itspins out of control and lands you in legal troubles.9 Al this wil help you become an educated consumer and saver. As you learnto balance spending and saving, you wil become the captain of your own ship,steering your life in a successful and productive direction through the choppy waters.Language Points：1 Do you feel as confused and manipulated as I do with this question, “Should Ispend or should I save?” (Para. 1)Meaning: When asking yourself whether you should spend or save, do you feel puzzledand control ed as I do?Meaning beyond words:According to the conventional concept, we are the master orthe boss of the money we have earned. It is up to us to decide how to use our money. However, the sentence gives us the hintthat we are actual y no longer in control of our money.2 I think that the messages we get from our environment seem to defy commonsense and contradict each other. (Para. 1)Meaning: In my opinion, the messages we get in our daily life about the question “ShouldI spend or should I save?” are against common sense and they often don’t agree witheach other.Usage note: defy, denydefy 和deny 都是及物动词，词形相近，但实际上两者词义有别，用法也不同。

U5 ACliff Young, an unlikely hero克里夫•杨，令人意想不到的英雄Considered one of the toughest marathon events in the world, the 875-kilometer annual Australian race, a route from Sydney to Melbourne, is a harsh test of endurance for the world’s top athletes, regardless of their age. The young, super-fit runners train for months before a competition and are under contract to prominent sponsors like Nike and Adidas, who finance them and furnish them with a substantial support mechanism of money and equipment. The contest takes up to seven days to complete and is a challenging test of fitness and strength even for world-class athletes who compete for distinction and a cash prize.澳大利亚一年一度的悉尼至墨尔本的马拉松比赛全长875 公里，被认为是世界上最艰难的马拉松赛事之一，对任何年龄段的世界顶尖运动员来说都是一项严酷的耐力考验。

体能超好的年轻选手在赛前要进行数月的训练，而且还和像耐克和阿迪达斯这样著名的赞助商签约，这些赞助商通过强大的资金和装备支持机制为选手提供资助和装备。

Unit 5 Section A Spend or save — The student's dilemma花钱还是存钱，学生进退维谷1 Do you feel as confused and manipulated as I do with this question, "ShouldI spend or should I save?" I think that the messages we get from our environment seem to defy common sense and contradict each other. The government tells us to spend or we'll never get out of the recession. At the same time, they tell us that unless we save more, our country is in grave danger. Banks offer higher interest rates so we increase savings. Then the same banks send us credit card offers so we can spend more.1 你是不是跟我一样对“我应该花钱还是存钱”这个问题感到困惑，且有被操纵的感觉？我觉得我们从生活的环境里所获得的信息似乎是有违常识、互相矛盾的。

政府告诉我们要花钱，否则我们将永远走不出衰退；与此同时，他们又告诉我们，除非我们节省更多的钱，否则我们的国家会处于严重危险之中。

银行提供较高的利率以增加储蓄。

然后，同样是这些银行又提供信用卡让我们可以花更多的钱。

2 Here's another familiar example: If we don't pay our credit card bill on time, we get demanding, nasty emails from the credit card company saying something like: "Your failure to pay is unacceptable. Pay immediately or you'll be in trouble!" Then, as soon as we pay, we get a follow-up email in a charming tone telling us how valuable a customer we are and encouraging us to resume spending.Which depiction is correct: a failing consumer in trouble or a valued customer? The gap between these two messages is enormous.2 这里还有一个大家熟悉的例子：如果我们不按时支付信用卡账单，我们会收到从信用卡公司发来的类似这样的令人讨厌的催缴账单的电子邮件：不还款是不可接受的。

新视野大学英语（第三版）读写教程Unit 5一、学习目标本单元主要学习以下内容： 1. 理解并运用本单元的重点词汇和短语； 2. 掌握文章中心思想的把握方法； 3. 学会推测词汇的含义； 4. 了解并运用一些阅读和写作技巧。

二、词汇和短语1. 重点词汇在本单元的阅读和写作任务中，我们将遇到以下一些重点词汇：•fundamental 基本的•psychological 心理的•reliable 可靠的•resourceful 智能的•inspiration 灵感•comprehension 理解•obstacle 障碍•concentrate 专注•motivate 激励•activate 激活•perseverance 毅力•creativity 创造力2. 重点短语在本单元中，我们还将涉及以下一些重点短语：•take for granted 认为理所当然•set goals 设定目标•break down 分解•stand out 突出•come up with 提出•figure out 弄清楚•put in the effort 花费努力•think outside the box 跳出思维定式•give up 放弃•make the most of 充分利用三、文章中心思想的把握方法在阅读本单元的文章时，了解作者想要表达的中心思想是非常重要的。

下面是一些帮助你把握文章中心思想的方法：1.阅读标题和副标题：了解文章主要讨论的话题和角度。

2.阅读介绍和结尾：作者常常在文章的开头和结尾暗示文章的中心思想。

3.注意段落的开头和结尾：通常在段落的开头和结尾，作者会写下主要观点，以引导读者理解文章的中心思想。

4.寻找重复和关联词：在文章中，一些重复的词语和关联词能帮助你找到作者的中心思想。

5.总结段落的主题句：每个段落通常都有一个主题句，通过总结这些主题句，你可以把握整篇文章的中心思想。

四、推测词汇的含义在阅读本单元的文章时，你可能会遇到一些生词或不熟悉的词汇。

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------新视野大学英语第三版Book2-Unit 5 Section A- Spend or save — The student's dilemma课文翻译Unit 5 Section A Spend or save —The student's dilemma 花钱还是存钱，学生进退维谷 1 Do you feel as confused and manipulated as I do with this question, Should I spend or should I save? I think that the messages we get from our environment seem to defy common sense and contradict each other. The government tells us to spend or we'll never get out of the recession. At the same time, they tell us that unless we save more, our country is in grave danger. Banks offer higher interest rates so we increase savings. Then the same banks send us credit card offers so we can spend more. 1 你是不是跟我一样对“我应该花钱还是存钱”这个问题感到困惑，且有被操纵的感觉？我觉得我们从生活的环境里所获得的信息似乎是有违常识、互相矛盾的。

U5 ACliff Young, an unlikely hero克里夫•杨，令人意想不到的英雄Considered one of the toughest marathon events in the world, the 875-kilometer annual Australian race, a route from Sydney to Melbourne, is a harsh test of endurance for the world’s top athletes, regardless of their age. The young, super-fit runners train for months before a competition and are under contract to prominent sponsors like Nike and Adidas, who finance them and furnish them with a substantial support mechanism of money and equipment. The contest takes up to seven days to complete and is a challenging test of fitness and strength even for world-class athletes who compete for distinction and a cash prize.澳大利亚一年一度的悉尼至墨尔本的马拉松比赛全长875 公里，被认为是世界上最艰难的马拉松赛事之一，对任何年龄段的世界顶尖运动员来说都是一项严酷的耐力考验。

体能超好的年轻选手在赛前要进行数月的训练，而且还和像耐克和阿迪达斯这样著名的赞助商签约，这些赞助商通过强大的资金和装备支持机制为选手提供资助和装备。

新视野三版读写B2 U5 Text ASpend or save — The student's dilemma1 Do you feel as confused and manipulated as I do with this question, "ShouldI spend or should I save?" I think that the messages we get from our environment seem to defy common sense and contradict each other. Thegovernment tel s us to spend or we'l never get out of the recession. At thesame time, they tel us that unless we save more, our country isin grave danger.Banks offer higher interest rates so we increase savings. Then the same banks send us credit card offers so we can spendmore.2 Here's another familiar example: If we don't pay our credit card bil on time,we get demanding, nasty emails from the credit card company saying something like: "Your failure to pay is unacceptable. Pay immediately or you'lbe in trouble!" Then, as soon as we pay, we get a fol ow-up email in a charming tone tel ing us how valuable a customer we are and encouraging usto resume spending. Which depiction is correct: a failing consumer in troubleor a valued customer? The gap between these two messages is enormous.3 The paradox is that every day we get two sets of messages at odds witheach other. One is the "permissive" perspective, "Buy, spend, get it now. Youneed this!" The other we could cal an "upright" message, which urges us,"Work hard and save. Suspend your desires. Avoid luxuries. Control your appetite for more than you truly need." This message comes to us frommany sources: from school, from parents, even from political figures referringto "traditional values". Hard work, family loyalty, and the capacity topostponedesires are core American values that have made our country great. *4B ut the opposite message, advertising's permissive message, is inescapable. Though sometimes disguised, the messages are everywhere welook: on TV, in movies on printed media and road signs, in stores, and onbuses, trains and subways.Advertisements invade our daily lives. We areconstantly surrounded by the message to spend, spend, spend. Someonerecently said, "The only time you can escape advertising is when you're in yourbed asleep!"5 It's been calculated that by the age of 18, the average American wil haveseen 600,000 ads; by the age of 40, the total is almost one mil ion. Eachadvertisement is doing its utmost to influence our diverse buying decisions,from the breakfast cereal we eat to which cruise line we wil use for ourvacation. There is no shortage of ideas and things to buy! Now, of course, wedon't remember exactly what the products were, but the essential messageis cemented into our consciousness, "It's good to satisfy your desires. Youshould have what you want. You deserve the best. So, you should buy it —now!" A famous advertisement said it perfectly, "I love me. I'm a good friend tomyself. I do what makes me feel good. I derive pleasure from nice things andfeel nourished by them. I used to put things off. Not anymore. Today I'l buynew ski equipment, look at new compact cars, and buy that camera I'vealways wanted. I live my dreams today, not tomorrow."6What happens as we take in these contradictorybut explicit messages? What are the psychological and social consequencesof this campaign to control our spending habits? On one hand, we want morethings because we want to satisfy our material appetite. Most of us derivepleasure from treating ourselves. On the other hand, a little voice insideus echoes those upright messages: "Watch out, take stock of your life, don't letyour attention get scattered. Postpone your desires. Don't fal into debt. Wait! Retain control over your own life. It wil make you stronger."7 Anyway, many of the skil s you need as a successful student can be appliedto your finances. Consider your financial wel -beings a key ingredient of youruniversity education as money worries are extremely stressful and distracting. They can make you feel terrible and hinder your ability to focus onyour prime objective: successful y completing your education.*8How can you be a smart and educated consumer? Many schools,community organizations, and even some banks offer financial literacyclasses. Consider consulting with your school's financial aid office or seek input from your parents or other respected adults in setting up a budget. An additional option is finding a partner to help you stay on track andfind pleasure in the administration of your own financial affairs. Most importantly, if you find yourself getting into financial trouble, don't letyour ego get in your way; urgently get help with tackling your problem before itspins out of control and lands you in legal troubles.9 Al this wil help you become an educated consumer and saver. As you learnto balance spending and saving, you wil become the captain of your own ship,steering your life in a successful and productive direction through the choppy waters.Language Points：1 Do you feel as confused and manipulated as I do with this question, “Should Ispend or should I save?” (Para. 1)Meaning: When asking yourself whether you should spend or save, do you feel puzzledand control ed as I do?Meaning beyond words: According to the conventional concept, we are the master orthe boss of the money we have earned. It is up to us to decide how to use our money. However, the sentence gives us the hintthat we are actual y no longer in control of our money.2 I think that the messages we get from our environment seem to defy commonsense and contradict each other. (Para. 1)Meaning: In my opinion, the messages we get in our daily life about the question “ShouldI spend or should I save?” are against common sense and they often don’t agree witheach other.Usage note: defy, denydefy 和deny 都是及物动词，词形相近，但实际上两者词义有别，用法也不同。

Unit 5 Section A Spend or save — The student's dilemma花钱还是存钱，学生进退维谷1 Do you feel as confused and manipulated as I do with this question, "ShouldI spend or should I save?" I think that the messages we get from our environment seem to defy common sense and contradict each other. The government tells us to spend or we'll never get out of the recession. At the same time, they tell us that unless we save more, our country is in grave danger. Banks offer higher interest rates so we increase savings. Then the same banks send us credit card offers so we can spend more.1 你是不是跟我一样对“我应该花钱还是存钱”这个问题感到困惑，且有被操纵的感觉？我觉得我们从生活的环境里所获得的信息似乎是有违常识、互相矛盾的。

政府告诉我们要花钱，否则我们将永远走不出衰退；与此同时，他们又告诉我们，除非我们节省更多的钱，否则我们的国家会处于严重危险之中。

银行提供较高的利率以增加储蓄。

然后，同样是这些银行又提供信用卡让我们可以花更多的钱。

1 Do you feel as confused and manipulated as I do with this question, “Should I spend or should I save?” (Para. 1)Meaning: When asking yourself whether you should spend or save, do you feel puzzled and controlled as I do?Meaning beyond words: According to the conventional concept, we are the master or the boss of the money we have earned. It is up to us to decide how to use our money. However, the sentence gives us the hint that we are actually no longer in control of our money.2 I think that the messages we get from our environment seem to defy common sense and contradict each other. (Para. 1)Meaning: In my opinion, the messages we g et in our daily life about the question “Should I spend or should I save?” are against common sense and they often don’t agree with each other.Usage note: defy, denydefy 和deny 都是及物动词，词形相近，但实际上两者词义有别，用法也不同。

Spend or save — The student's dilemma1 Do you feel as confused and manipulated as I do with this question, "Should I spend or should I save?" I think that the messages we get from our environment seem to defy common sense and contradict each other. The government tells us to spend or we'll never get out of the recession. At the same time, they tell us that unless we save more, our country is in grave danger. Banks offer higher interest rates so we increase savings. Then the same banks send us credit card offers so we can spend more.2 Here's another familiar example: If we don't pay our credit card bill on time, we get demanding, nasty emails from the credit card company saying something like: "Your failureto pay is unacceptable. Pay immediately or you'll be in trouble!" Then, as soon as we pay, we get a follow-up email in a charming tone telling us how valuable a customer we are and encouraging us to resume spending.Which depiction is correct: a failing consumer in troubleor a valued customer? The gap between these two messages is enormous.3 The paradox is that every day we get two sets of messages at odds with each other. One is the "permissive" perspective, "Buy, spend, get it now. You need this!" The other we could call an "upright" message, which urges us, "Work hard and save. Suspend your desires. Avoid luxuries. Control your appetite for more than you truly need." This message comes to us from many sources: from school, from parents, even from political figures referring to "traditional values". Hard work, family loyalty, and the capacity to postpone desires are core American values that have made our country great.4 But the opposite message, advertising's permissive message, is inescapable. Though sometimes disguised, the messages a re everywhere we look: on TV, in movies on printed media and road signs, in stores, and on busses, trains and subways. Advertisementsinvade our daily lives. We are constantly surrounded by the message to spend, spend, spend. Someone recently said, "The only time you can escape advertising is when you're in your bed asleep!"5 It's been calculated that by the age of 18, the average American will have seen 600,000 ads; by the age of 40, the total is almost one million. Each advertisement is doing its utmost to influence our diverse buying decisions, from the breakfast cereal we eat to whichcruise linewe will use for our vacation. There is no shortage of ideas and things to buy! Now, of course, we don't remember exactly what the products were, but the essential message is cemented into our consciousness, "It's good to satisfy your desires. You should have what you want. You deserve the best. So, you should buy it — now!" A famous advertisement said it perfectly, "I love me. I'm a good friend to myself. I do what makes me feel good. I derive pleasure fromnice things and feel nourished by them. I used to put things off. Not anymore. Today I'll buy new ski equipment, look at new compact cars, and buy that camera I've always wanted. I live my dreams today, not tomorrow."6 What happens as we take in these contradictory but explicit messages? What are the psychological and social consequences of this campaign to control our spending habits? On one hand, we want more things because we want to satisfy our material appetite. Most of us derive pleasure from treating ourselves. On the other hand, a little voice inside us echoes those upright messages: "Watch out, takestock of your life, don't let your attentionget scattered. Postpone your desires. Don't fall into debt. Wait! Retain control over your own life. It will make you stronger."7 Anyway, many of the skills you need as a successful student can be applied to your finances. Consider your financial well-being as a key ingredient of your university educationas money worries are extremely stressful and distracting. They can make you feel terrible and hinder your ability to focus on your prime objective: successfully completing your education.8 How can you be a smart and educated consumer? Many schools, community organizations, and even some banks offer financial literacy classes. Consider consulting with your school's financial aid office or seek input from your parents or other respected adults in setting up a budget. An additional option is finding a partner to help you stay on track and find pleasure in the administration of your own financial affairs. Most importantly, if you find yourself getting into financial trouble, don't let your ego get in your way; urgently get help with tackling your problem before it spins out of control and lands you in legal troubles.9 All this will help you become an educated consumer and saver. As you learn to balance spending and saving, you will become the captain of your own ship, steering your life in a successful and productive direction through the choppy waters.。