英汉被动句的翻译共45页
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英语被动句的汉译
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(1)Mr. Billings cannot be deterred from his plan. (人们)不能阻止比林斯先生实行他的计划
无忧PPT整理发布
(2)To explore the Moon’s surface, rockets, satellites and airships were launched again and again. 为了探测月球的表面，人们一次又一次地发射 火箭、卫星和飞船。 (3) With the rapid development of modern
(1) These views of Marx and Engels have now been adopted by all proletarians （无产阶 级）who are fighting for their emancipation. 马克思和恩格斯的这种观点，现在已为正在争取 解放的全体无产阶级所接纳。 (2)Once the men had been accepted by the Comet（彗星） organization, they were brought to Brussels. 士兵们一旦为彗星组织所接受，就被送到布鲁塞尔去。
（3）The whole country was armed in a few days. 几天以内全国武装起来了。 （4）On their domestic stations events in the Middle East were dismissed briefly. 在他们国内电台的广播中， 中东事件只 轻描淡写地报道了一下。
It was first intended that…… 最初就有这样的想法 …… It is enumerated that…… 列举了…… It is weighted that…… 权衡了…… It may be without fear of exaggeration that…… 可以毫不夸张地说…… It must be pointed out that…… 必须承认…… It must be pointed out that…… 必须指出……
英语中被动句的翻译方法
英语中被动句的翻译⽅法（1) 汉语中有被/由/叫/挨/让/给/受/遭等词时,可译成英语被动句.他常被派做这项⼯作. He is often sent to do this work.你叫⾬淋湿了. Have been wetted in the rain.这孩⼦昨天挨来了⼀顿批评. The boy was criticized yesterday.我们的⾐服给汗⽔湿透了. Our clothes were soaked with sweat.东西受潮了. The things have been affected with damp.他们去年遭了灾. They were hit by a natural calamity last year.(2) 不带标记的汉语被动句有些句⼦的主语不是动词的执⾏者,⽽是动作的承受者,结构上是主动的,但含义上确是被动的,英译时⽤被动句处理.历史是⼈民创造的. History is made by the people.这⾸歌是我⼀个朋友谱写的. The song was composed by a friend of mine.这个问题必须予以处理. This matter must be dealt with.这座桥将在今年年底建成.The construction of the bridge will be completed by the end of this year.(3) 汉语某些习语的译法:有些汉语习语,语态上是主动的,但英译时要⽤被动语态,特别是英语中以IT作形式主语的句式.应该说,基本情况是健康的. It should be said that the situation is basically sound.据报,敌⼈当时离那⾥只有⼗⾥.It is reported that the enemy were ten li away.很明显,这计划应当取消. It is obvious that the plan should be scrapped.据谣传,那场事故是由于玩忽职守⽽造成的. It is rumored that the accident was due to negligence.据了解这地⽅有丰富的⾃然资源. It is known that the area is rich in natural resources.有⼈认为 It is considered that-- 普遍认为 It is generally accepted that--据信 It is believed that-- 众所周知 It is well known that据悉 It is learned that 据推测 It is supposed that--据估计 It is estimated that 必须指出 It must be pointed out that可见 It will be seen that 不⽤说 It is understood that⽆可否认 It cannot be denied that 已经证明 It has been proved that可以肯定 It may be confirmed that 可以有把握地说 It may be safely said that⼈们有时会问 It is sometimes asked that ⼈们希望 It is expected that据说 It is said that据报道 It is reported that。
被动句的译法演示文稿
第15页，共54页。
▪ 例如：
▪ The difficulties have been overcome. ▪ 困难（被）克服了。 ▪ The problem has been solved. ▪ 问题（被）解决了。 ▪ Has the fish been caught? ▪ 鱼（被）捉住了吗？
▪ The president was assasinated in a theatre last night.
第14页，共54页。
▪ 英语中有无施动者都是很自然的, 而汉 语中无施动者用“被”字就显得不自
然, 干脆把“被”字去掉, 倒显得更 简洁, 更符合汉语的表达习惯。
▪ 其实，汉语有一种倾向，就是尽量避 免使用“被”字，在行文中尽量选择 能从主动角度恰当表达其被动含义的 词语。
▪ 所以，汉译时，在“被”字可用 可不用时要大胆删去。
他们对我们很好, 我们从来没有挨过打。 His suggestion was opposed by most of the
present company. 他的建议遭到在场多数人的反对。
第29页，共54页。
一）译成被动句：
再如：
To prevent the Old Beijing from being destroyed, Mao Zedong was determined to liberate it peacefully.
第4页，共54页。
1. The compass was invented by Chinese long ago.
很久以前，中国人发明了指南针。
2. The solution to the problem was finally found.
这个问题的解决办法终于找到了。
▪ 例如：
▪ The difficulties have been overcome. ▪ 困难（被）克服了。 ▪ The problem has been solved. ▪ 问题（被）解决了。 ▪ Has the fish been caught? ▪ 鱼（被）捉住了吗？
▪ The president was assasinated in a theatre last night.
第14页，共54页。
▪ 英语中有无施动者都是很自然的, 而汉 语中无施动者用“被”字就显得不自
然, 干脆把“被”字去掉, 倒显得更 简洁, 更符合汉语的表达习惯。
▪ 其实，汉语有一种倾向，就是尽量避 免使用“被”字，在行文中尽量选择 能从主动角度恰当表达其被动含义的 词语。
▪ 所以，汉译时，在“被”字可用 可不用时要大胆删去。
他们对我们很好, 我们从来没有挨过打。 His suggestion was opposed by most of the
present company. 他的建议遭到在场多数人的反对。
第29页，共54页。
一）译成被动句：
再如：
To prevent the Old Beijing from being destroyed, Mao Zedong was determined to liberate it peacefully.
第4页，共54页。
1. The compass was invented by Chinese long ago.
很久以前，中国人发明了指南针。
2. The solution to the problem was finally found.
这个问题的解决办法终于找到了。
英语被动句的汉译英
中国在四千年前发明了指南针。
------这种译法适合于描写或说明事物的句子， 并且句子带有介词引பைடு நூலகம்的地点状语或其他形 式的状语，此时我们就可以把状语译成主语。
2.将英语的被动句译成汉语的判断句
汉语中常用“……是……的”这一句式来说明人 和事物的客观情况。这种结构在语义上往往 具有被动的含义，可以与英语的被动结构相 沟通。 e.g. My first twenty years were spent in China.
4.2 译成汉语中带有“遭”“遭到”“遭 受”“让”“叫”等表示被动的句子 e.g. They were hit by a great earthquake last month.
他们上个月遭受了一次大地震。 -------这种译法既可以用来翻译该动作对动作主体 不利的句子，也可以用来翻译对动作主体有利的 句子。
发现错误一定要改正。 -------从句与主句同一主语，可译成一句。
e.g. Attention should be paid to the study of water pollution.
应该注意对水污染的研究。 -------原句的主语和谓语合译成汉语无主句。
e.g. Water can be shown as containing impurities.
• 1.2 原句中的主语在译文中作宾语（动作 的发出者作主语） E.g. Large quantities of fuel are used by modern industry.
现代工业耗用大量原料。
---- 用 by 引导的介词宾语作主语，这种译 法是把原句的主语翻译成宾语，把原句的 宾语翻译成主语。
我的前20年是在中国度过的。
3.将英语的被动句译成汉语的无主句
------这种译法适合于描写或说明事物的句子， 并且句子带有介词引பைடு நூலகம்的地点状语或其他形 式的状语，此时我们就可以把状语译成主语。
2.将英语的被动句译成汉语的判断句
汉语中常用“……是……的”这一句式来说明人 和事物的客观情况。这种结构在语义上往往 具有被动的含义，可以与英语的被动结构相 沟通。 e.g. My first twenty years were spent in China.
4.2 译成汉语中带有“遭”“遭到”“遭 受”“让”“叫”等表示被动的句子 e.g. They were hit by a great earthquake last month.
他们上个月遭受了一次大地震。 -------这种译法既可以用来翻译该动作对动作主体 不利的句子，也可以用来翻译对动作主体有利的 句子。
发现错误一定要改正。 -------从句与主句同一主语，可译成一句。
e.g. Attention should be paid to the study of water pollution.
应该注意对水污染的研究。 -------原句的主语和谓语合译成汉语无主句。
e.g. Water can be shown as containing impurities.
• 1.2 原句中的主语在译文中作宾语（动作 的发出者作主语） E.g. Large quantities of fuel are used by modern industry.
现代工业耗用大量原料。
---- 用 by 引导的介词宾语作主语，这种译 法是把原句的主语翻译成宾语，把原句的 宾语翻译成主语。
我的前20年是在中国度过的。
3.将英语的被动句译成汉语的无主句
英语被动句的翻译
主动形式 2The possibility of employing more staff is still under discussion 译文：是否雇佣更多的员工还在研究中
补充1：译为无主句;主语译成宾语
在不知道或者不必说出行为主体时;常常可以发挥汉语译文的优势;把英语的被动 语态译成汉语的无主句 这时;原文的主语译为动词的宾语 1To develop economy; different kinds of talented people should be organized
People of real ability should be especially promoted and given raise 译文：要发展经济应当组织使用各种各样的人才 对那些真正有本事的人;在工
资级别上可以破格提高
2For example; a puter was once used to design a brewery 译文： 例如：曾经利用一台计算机来设计一间啤酒厂
成自己的失败 这些人从不为失败所困扰
2;译成主动句
英译汉时;不少英语的被动句被译成汉语的主动句;使句子更符合汉语的习惯 1Babies and children deprived of love have been known to develop a wide variety of problemsfor example;depression;phticysoiological impairments;and neurotic and psychosomatic difficultiesthat sometimes last a lifetime 译文：大家已经知道;得不到爱的婴儿和儿童会有各种各样的问题;比如说忧郁症; 头痛;生理缺陷;神经病或精神疾病;这些病有时会伴随他们一生
补充1：译为无主句;主语译成宾语
在不知道或者不必说出行为主体时;常常可以发挥汉语译文的优势;把英语的被动 语态译成汉语的无主句 这时;原文的主语译为动词的宾语 1To develop economy; different kinds of talented people should be organized
People of real ability should be especially promoted and given raise 译文：要发展经济应当组织使用各种各样的人才 对那些真正有本事的人;在工
资级别上可以破格提高
2For example; a puter was once used to design a brewery 译文： 例如：曾经利用一台计算机来设计一间啤酒厂
成自己的失败 这些人从不为失败所困扰
2;译成主动句
英译汉时;不少英语的被动句被译成汉语的主动句;使句子更符合汉语的习惯 1Babies and children deprived of love have been known to develop a wide variety of problemsfor example;depression;phticysoiological impairments;and neurotic and psychosomatic difficultiesthat sometimes last a lifetime 译文：大家已经知道;得不到爱的婴儿和儿童会有各种各样的问题;比如说忧郁症; 头痛;生理缺陷;神经病或精神疾病;这些病有时会伴随他们一生
英汉被动句的翻译
发电机能把其他形式的能转变为电能。
He was regarded as a Republican by everyone, even though he had always thought of himself as an “Independent”.
所有人都把他看做共和党人，尽管他一直认为自 己是“无党派人士”。
beginners. 大家认为这讲座对初学者很重要。
61
15
17.1 英语被动句的翻译
Rivers are controlled by dams. 拦河堤把河流控制住了。
Other forms of energy can be changed to electric energy by generators.
校长批准了我们的计划。
Large quantities of steam are required by modern industry.
现代工业需要大量蒸汽。
A new way of displaying time has been given by electronics.
电子技术提供了一种新的显示时间的方法。
61
14
17.1 英语被动句的翻译
Mr. Billings cannot be deterred from his plan. 人们不能阻止比林斯先生实行他的计划。 Copper articles have been used for several
thousand years. 人们使用铜器已有数千年了。 The workers were seen repairing the machine. 有人看见工人们在修理机器。 The lecture is considered very important for
He was regarded as a Republican by everyone, even though he had always thought of himself as an “Independent”.
所有人都把他看做共和党人，尽管他一直认为自 己是“无党派人士”。
beginners. 大家认为这讲座对初学者很重要。
61
15
17.1 英语被动句的翻译
Rivers are controlled by dams. 拦河堤把河流控制住了。
Other forms of energy can be changed to electric energy by generators.
校长批准了我们的计划。
Large quantities of steam are required by modern industry.
现代工业需要大量蒸汽。
A new way of displaying time has been given by electronics.
电子技术提供了一种新的显示时间的方法。
61
14
17.1 英语被动句的翻译
Mr. Billings cannot be deterred from his plan. 人们不能阻止比林斯先生实行他的计划。 Copper articles have been used for several
thousand years. 人们使用铜器已有数千年了。 The workers were seen repairing the machine. 有人看见工人们在修理机器。 The lecture is considered very important for
英汉翻译 被动语态
爱情和咳嗽都不能隐藏
Illness must be correctly diagnosed before they can be treated with medicine.
疾病必须先确诊，再用药。
2014-12-10
原文中的主语在译文中作宾语
It would be astonishing if that loss were not keenly felt.
这个建议已经为老师所接受。
The telephone was invented by Graham Bell.
电话为格雷厄姆 贝尔所发明。
2014-12-10
Practice
“
•He was set upon by two masked men. 他遭到两个蒙面人的袭击。 •Robert Finn was dismissed by the boss of the factory.
众口相传就把这则新闻传开了。 大家认为这讲座对初学者很重要。
2014-12-10
If time is enough...
0 1 The Great Hall of the People was built i long will it be before black and white television sets are found only in museums?
The three machines can be controlled by a single operator. 这三台机器可以由一人单独操纵。
2014-12-10
Practice
“
•Other forms of energy can be changed to electric energy by generators. 发电机能把其他形式的能转变为电能。 •Early fires on the earth were certainly caused by nature, not by man. 地球上早期的火肯定是由大自然引燃的，而不是人类 所为。
Illness must be correctly diagnosed before they can be treated with medicine.
疾病必须先确诊，再用药。
2014-12-10
原文中的主语在译文中作宾语
It would be astonishing if that loss were not keenly felt.
这个建议已经为老师所接受。
The telephone was invented by Graham Bell.
电话为格雷厄姆 贝尔所发明。
2014-12-10
Practice
“
•He was set upon by two masked men. 他遭到两个蒙面人的袭击。 •Robert Finn was dismissed by the boss of the factory.
众口相传就把这则新闻传开了。 大家认为这讲座对初学者很重要。
2014-12-10
If time is enough...
0 1 The Great Hall of the People was built i long will it be before black and white television sets are found only in museums?
The three machines can be controlled by a single operator. 这三台机器可以由一人单独操纵。
2014-12-10
Practice
“
•Other forms of energy can be changed to electric energy by generators. 发电机能把其他形式的能转变为电能。 •Early fires on the earth were certainly caused by nature, not by man. 地球上早期的火肯定是由大自然引燃的，而不是人类 所为。
汉译英及被动语翻译
这个问题正在研究。
The problem is now being studied/under study.
关于汉语主动句的英译问题
汉语多采用主动语态，但在英译时有时改用被动语态。语态的变换基于多种原因，概括起来说，主要是：
为了强调接受动作的人或事物的重要性
01
英语里常常运用被动结构把动作的承受者作为句子的主语，来突出它的地位，强调它的重要性。由于这个原因，汉译英时，往往将汉语的主动句变换为英语的被动句，把原文的宾语变成译文的主语。
02
该计划将由一个特别委员会加以 审查。
03
The plan will be examined by a special committee.
04
这类句子在形式上一般都有主语，也有动词，但是主语在实际上是谓语动词的动作承受者，而不是执行者。
动作执行者并未出现。这种句子结构上为主动句，而含义上是被动句。
钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情(cultivate one’s mind)的运动，有益于身心健康
Fishing is an outdoor sport that can help cultivate your mind and it is good for our mental and physical health.
应该说，情况基本上是健康的。
It should be said that the situation is basically sound.
据谣传，那场事故是由于玩忽职守而造成的。
It is rumored that accident was due to negligence.
很明显，这项计划应该取消。
It is supposed that…
The problem is now being studied/under study.
关于汉语主动句的英译问题
汉语多采用主动语态，但在英译时有时改用被动语态。语态的变换基于多种原因，概括起来说，主要是：
为了强调接受动作的人或事物的重要性
01
英语里常常运用被动结构把动作的承受者作为句子的主语，来突出它的地位，强调它的重要性。由于这个原因，汉译英时，往往将汉语的主动句变换为英语的被动句，把原文的宾语变成译文的主语。
02
该计划将由一个特别委员会加以 审查。
03
The plan will be examined by a special committee.
04
这类句子在形式上一般都有主语，也有动词，但是主语在实际上是谓语动词的动作承受者，而不是执行者。
动作执行者并未出现。这种句子结构上为主动句，而含义上是被动句。
钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情(cultivate one’s mind)的运动，有益于身心健康
Fishing is an outdoor sport that can help cultivate your mind and it is good for our mental and physical health.
应该说，情况基本上是健康的。
It should be said that the situation is basically sound.
据谣传，那场事故是由于玩忽职守而造成的。
It is rumored that accident was due to negligence.
很明显，这项计划应该取消。
It is supposed that…
英语被动句的翻译
英语被动句的翻译英语被动句的翻译1. The oil of the world will have been used up, and man will be using the more convenient power obtained from the splitting of the atom.全世界的⽯油将会⽤尽，⼈们将使⽤从原⼦裂变中获得的这种更为⽅便的动⼒。
2. Since the first test of the atomic bomb the world has learnt the atom can be split and its power can be used.⼈们从第⼀次原⼦弹的测试中知道了原⼦可以分裂，原⼦能可以使⽤。
3. A link-up of computers could mean that a large amount of information will be supplied to anyone who uses the system.将电脑连接起来意味着，使⽤该系统的⼈可以得到⼤量的信息。
4. The expansion of metals on heating must be taken into consideration before a long metal bridge is built.在建造⼀座⼤桥前，必须考虑到⾦属受热膨胀这⼀因素。
5. The Wright brothers were highly praised for having made the first flight in the world.莱特兄弟因为进⾏了世界第⼀次飞⾏⽽为⼈称道。
6. High voltage current is usually carried by overhead wire system so as to prevent living things being electrocuted.为了防⽌⼈畜触电，⾼压电⼀般采⽤⾼架线传送。
英语被动句的翻译
英语被动句的翻译1. The oil of the world will have been used up, and man will be using the more convenient power obtained from the splitting of the atom.全世界的石油将会用尽，人们将使用从原子裂变中获得的这种更为方便的动力。
2. Since the first test of the atomic bomb the world has learnt the atom can be split and its power can be used.人们从第一次原子弹的测试中知道了原子可以分裂，原子能可以使用。
3. A link-up of computers could mean that a large amount of information will be supplied to anyone who uses the system.将电脑连接起来意味着，使用该系统的人可以得到大量的信息。
4. The expansion of metals on heating must be taken into consideration before a long metal bridge is built.在建造一座大桥前，必须考虑到金属受热膨胀这一因素。
5. The Wright brothers were highly praised for having made the first flight in the world.莱特兄弟因为进行了世界第一次飞行而为人称道。
6. High voltage current is usually carried by overhead wire system so as to prevent living things being electrocuted.为了防止人畜触电，高压电一般采用高架线传送。