基础建设infrastructure淡季slack seasons 淡茶weak tea 浓茶strong tea 淡水fresh water第一产业the primary industry 第二产业the secondary industry第三产业the tertiary(第三) industry /the service industry裤子pants/slacks/jeans 牛仔裤jeans 短裤shorts 休闲裤slacks面条pasta 黄头发blond/blonde厕所=men's room；women's room；restroom；powder room(补妆间、女式厕所)；John(上厕所)：I visited John twice last night.(我昨晚上了两次厕所) Where can I wash my hand?洗手间在哪?马马虎虎：average；fair；all right；not too bad；OK, That’s too bad./It’s a shame.太可惜了It’s a pity.(说出来有点俗)再见：Bye！See you later！Mute静音Please mute your phone！请把手机调成静音！Do not try fatigue driving！请勿疲劳驾驶！Don’t drink and drive！请勿酒后驾车！好吃delicious
tasty/good/nice/appetizing永远记住你 always remember you真遗憾that's too bad/it's a shame
小心台阶mind the steps 我感到很痛I feel great pain教训是惨痛的The lesson is painful.
亚洲四小龙the Four Little Tigers of Asia百里挑一one in a thousand干杯!(要一饮而尽) Cheers! Bottoms up.十分感谢！It’s a thousand thanks. 万分感谢！Thank you a million times.
China reaction 连锁反应；water power station 水电站；spring washer 弹簧垫圈；adopt measures 采取措施；depend on its length 取决于其长度；from the point of view of 从….观点出发；under a heavy load 在重荷之下；
As shown in figure 如图所示；convert wastes into useful materials 废物利用；without loss of time 不失时机；utilize every possibility 想法设法talk along parallel lines “英雄所见略同”G oldbrick 懒汉，赝品大忙人≠busybody爱管闲事的人busy bee/a very busy person自食其言≠to eat one’s own words. 收回自己的话，意识
到自己错了to go/take back
on one’s words work with
meticulous care（精雕细刻）
accept sth. uncritically(生吞活
剥)be full of fears and
misgivings(前怕狼后怕虎) 画饼
充饥(feed on illusions)
归根到底(in the final analysis)冷
言冷语(sarcastic comments)
弱不禁风(be in delicate health)
(2)英语中一些较抽象的概念在
汉语中常常用一些习惯性的具
体词来转述：
area（面积）大小；length（长
度）长短；depth（深度）深浅；
width（宽度）宽窄；
weight（重量）轻重；Time mutes
all feelings. 时间的流逝会使各
种感情变得淡漠。eat：feed 兽
类的吃；consume人；prey食肉
类动物吃；graze放牧，食草类
动物吃；peck鸟喙，鸟吃东西；
pick鱼类吃；吃不开be
unpopular；吃不消be unable to
stand；吃醋be jealous；吃苦
bear hardships；吃亏suffer
losses，be at a disadvantage；吃
一堑，长一智 a full into a pit, a
gain in your wit
○2固定搭配
努力工作work hard 学知
识gain/acquire knowledge 半年
six months 半月fifteen days
六七个half a dozen(dozen 一沓
12个)；十来个over a dozen；几
十个several dozens of(不常用)，
scores of 好几十个20 percent
discount 八折
○3汉语词典含义与英语习惯
儿童票价减半half-price fare for
childre 一次专访an exclusive
interview必须引起密切注意
require immediate attention
身体状况良好in good shape走
错了路be on the wrong track
○4数词的语用含义差异
一目了然see with half an eye
一模一样as alike as two peas
三言两语in a few words; in one
or two words 三心二意to be
in two minds
三思而后行look before you leap
三三两两by ones and twos
四面八方all directions; all
around; all quarters; far and near
七嘴八舌all talking at once
半斤八两six of one and
half-a-dozen of the other
十之八九ten to one
十全十美be perfect in every
way: be out of this world; to be
nines
○5文化与翻译
芭蕉叶leaf of a palm 蒲扇/胜
利
同舟共济to be in the same boat
中文：共度难关；英文：处境相
同
亡羊补牢lock the stable door
after the horse has been stolen 中
文：为时未晚/英文：为时晚矣
怒发冲冠make one’s hair stand
on end 中文：怒/英文：毛骨悚
然
○6概念与文化意义完全相同
露脸to show one’s face, to show
up
老手an old hand
花钱如流水to spend money like
water
浑水摸鱼to fish in troubled
water
双杠 parallel bar 座钟standing
clock 挂钟wall clock
看病to see a doctor 自学to
teach oneself 太平门e mergency
exit 教练车student
driver大熊猫一胎产双仔An
adult female grant panda gives
birth to two cubs at a time
a) 纪念马克思逝世一百周年报
告Speech in common memorial
of the centenary of the Death of
Karl Marx
b) 政府工作报告report on the
work of the government
c) （欧洲）大陆the Continent
（中国）大陆the Mainland
○2词语的重复与精简
胜利完成－to finish
热烈拥护－to back
积极支持－to give strong support
努力做到－to manage to do/try
to do
彻底粉碎－to foil
广泛开展－to promote
严肃处理－to punish severely正
确理解－not to misunderstand
人类文化－culture相互交流
－exchange
难忘的记忆－lasting memory发
挥重要作用－to play a major
role具有重大意义－be of
significance不必要的浪费－
waste that may otherwise be
