CFA一级Derivatives

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R.67 Derivative Markets and Instruments
Definition: A derivative is a financial instrument that offers a return based on the return of some other underlying asset. y=f(x) • x=underlying asset • f=利用未来价格不确定性避险或者投机赚钱的方法 • y=derivative:收益取决于标的物x的价格变动
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R.67 Derivative Markets and Instruments
衍生品分类方法(续) • 根据交易场所分类:Exchange-traded & Over-the-counter traded Exchange-traded:在一个固定的交易所交易。多空双方不直接 见面,与清算所交易(A Clearinghouse B) OTC traded:没有固定交易场所,多空双方直接交易(A B) • 两种交易区别:
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R.67 Derivative Markets and Instruments Risk-free arbitrage and no-arbitrage rule:
• Arbitrage occurs when equivalent assets or combinations of assets sell for two different prices • Arbitrage involves earning over the risk-free rate with no risk or earning an immediate gain with no future liabilities • Law of one price: two securities or portfolios that have identical cash flows in the future, regardless of future events, should have the same price • If a portfolio consisting of A and B has a certain payoff, the portfolio should yield the risk-free risk
R.68 Forward Markets and Contracts forward contracts分类:
R.67 Derivative Markets and Instruments Advantage:
• Price discovery • Risk management: hedge and speculation • Lowering transaction costs
Disadvantage: Over-the-counter
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Basic characteristics of options 1. An option to buy an asset at a particular price is termed a call option
Buyer of a call Seller of a call Right to buy Obligation to sell
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R.67 Derivative Markets and Instruments
衍生品分类方法 • 根据合约特点分类:Forward commitment & Contingent claim
Forward commitment: is an agreement between two parties in which one party, the buyer, agrees to buy from the other party, the seller, an underlying asset at a future date at a price established at the start, (forward, future and swap) Contingent claim: is derivative in which the payoffs occur if a specific event happens (option) 主要术语: Long: Forward commitment中指买标的物, Contingent claim中指获得一 个权利 Short: Forward commitment中指卖标的物, Contingent claim中指卖出 一个权利 Call: Contingent claim中买入的权利 Put: Contingent claim中卖出的权利
customized trade with counterparty (default risk) not trade in a central location unregulated
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Exchange-traded
standardized backed by a clearinghouse trade in the a physical exchange regulated
R.67 Derivative Markets and Instruments
Forward contract: • • 约定未来特定时间以约定价格买卖标的物的合约. If the future price of the underlying assets increase,the buyer has a gain,and the seller a loss.
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金程教育2010年12月CFA一级基础班讲义 Derivative Investments
讲师:李斯克 日期:2010年9月 地点:■上海 □ 北京 □深圳
上海金程国际金融专修学院
Study Session 2-3 Study Session 4-6 Study Session 7-10 Study Session 11 Study Session 12 Study Session 13-14 Study Session 15-16 Study Session 17 Study Session 18
Option (R70) Risk management (R72)
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A Swap contract is a series of forward contracts .
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R.67 Derivative Markets and Instruments
An option contract: contract • • The owner has the right, but not the obligation the conduct a transaction (四种contract中只有option权利义务不对等要交期权费)
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Derivative框架结构
Forward (R68)
Future (R69)
Swap (R71)
Derivative概念(R67)
R.67 Derivative Markets and Instruments
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R.68 Forward Markets and Contracts Definition: A forward contract is a bilateral contract that obligates one
party to buy and the other party to sell a specific quantity of an underlying asset, at a set price, on a specific date in the future
CFA一级课程框架
Study Session 1 Ethics & Professional Standards Quantitative Methods Economic Analysis Financial Statement Analysis Corporate Finance Portfolio Management Equity Investments Fixed Income Analysis Derivative Investments Alternative Investments
Forward contract:约定未来特定时间以约定价格买卖标的物的合约 Future contract:A forward contract that is standardized and exchangetraded Swap contract:a series of forward contracts Option contract:contract owner has the right to buy or sell in the future date(四种contract中只有option权利义务不对等要交期权费)