英语中考常考的语法知识点

中考语法知识点（非常重要）：一．冠词1.an umbrella, an uncle, an unpleasant trip2.a uniform, a university, a unit, a UFO, a useful book3.an hour, an honest boy a European country4.Children’s Day, May Day, the Spring Festival5.—I lost the book I bought last week.—Is it a black one?二．名词1. 名词单复数: many sheep, few deer, several Japanese, a few geese, two mice；radios, photos （记住：tomato es、potato es、hero es）2. 名词所有格: Tom and Mary’s father, Tom’s and Mary’s fathersthe key to the door, the answer to the question；Teachers’ Day, Mother’s Dayten minutes’ walk, a five-day holiday, five days’ holiday3. 不可数名词: weather、news、information、advice、music、fun、room(空间)、work(cf: a message, He likes reading newspapers)There is an orange on the table. two bottles of orange an orange dress4. 名词作定语: shoe shops, women doctors, men nurses, girl students5. three Englishmen, a few Germans, many Americans6. a piece of bread a box of orange s a pair of shoe sfour piece s of bread two boxes of orange s five pair s of shoe s三．数词:1. thousands of, three hundred2. two thirds, three quarters, one fifth3. ninth, twelfth, fortieth4. in the 1860s/ 1860’s (19世纪60年代), in her forties5. another two boys=two more boys四．代词1.人称代词: his, hers, mine: His watch is new. It isn’t his. a friend of mine/ hers/ Li Ming’s2.疑问代词: how soon---in; how often---seldom, twice a month;how long---(for); how many times---twice, four times3.what to do; how to do it4.all/both/none/neither/any/either的区别:Both of the twins are teachers, but neither of them likes teaching.All of the doctors have to learn French, but none of them likes it.There are many tall trees on the both sides of the road / river.(either side, each side)5.other, the other, others, the others, another: some…others, (two)one…the otherThe shoes are nice, I want to buy another pair.6.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Dongguan.The students in Dongguan is better than those in Beijing.7.We found it interesting to learn English.五．介词1. be friendly to, be strict with sb., be full of, be filled with2. in the morning, in the afternoon, in the eveningon a cold morning on a hot afternoon on the evening of June 22 on Christmas Day 3. It looks nice on you. a woman with glasses,4. It’s nice of you to say so. It’s necessary for us to remember more words.5. Japan is to the east of China. Taiwan is in the southeast of China.Guangxi is on the west of Guangdong.6.walk across the bridge/ street; swim across the rivergo through the traffic lights/ forest/ jungle/ city7. All the students went to the park except John, because he was ill.I need 2 more students besides John to do the work.六．形容词和副词2. A friend of mine is as heavy as me. He is not so/ as tall as her.3. much+比较级, much more+原形: He is much fatter that her.He is much more confident than her.4. 一些特殊的句型：1）Jim is the taller of the two (boys).2）Our school is much (far/ still/ even/ a lot/a little) more beautiful than yours.3）The earli er, the better.4）When summer comes, the weather gets hott er and hott er.5）Today English is becoming more and more important.6）He is 2 kilos heavi er than I.7）The weather in Guangzhou is always warmer than that in Beijing.8）The students in our school are more than those in your school.9）Paris is one of the liveliest citi es in the world.10) .The Yellow River is the second longest r iver in China.5. He is careful enough. He does everything carefully.6. the poor, the old, the rich, the dead, the young: The young are always energetic.七．情态动词:1. —Must I…?—No, you needn’t/ don’t have to.2. —I am not sure. It may…3. must:交通规矩，规章制度；表肯定猜测“一定”4. can’t: 表猜测“肯定不是”：The lady over there can’t be our teacher. She has gone to Shanghai. 八．连词：but, however, or(否则)，unless（除非），not…until九．被动语态1.I wasn’t told about this.2.The old should be spoken politely.3.主动语态省to，被动语态要加to4.没有被动：happen, take place, 连词动词，belong to十. 现在完成时（注意用延续性动词）1.How long have you had the car? I bought it half a month ago.2.The film has been on for ten minutes.3.—Sorry. The boss isn’t here. He has gone to Guangzhou.4.So far, his father has been there many times.5.He has been in America for twenty years.6.The boy has learned six languages since two years ago.7.Guangdong has changed a lot in the past few years.十一. 主将从现:主将从现will/ be going to/ be doing if(如果)祈使句（do, don’t …）+ as soon as + 一般现在时含情态动词until/unless 现在完成时when/ before/ after1. I won’t go to bed unless my homework is finished.2. Please tell me the truth if you know.3. We must wait if they are late.十二. 感叹句1.What an exciting football game we watched! 2、What expensive houses!3、What beautiful music! What important information! 4. How funny the story is!十三. 非谓语动词1.tell/ask sb. (not) to do, 2、see/watch/hear sb do, see/watch/hear sb doing2.make sb. (not)do；let sb. Do3.have sth. done: My computer is broken. I want to have it repaired.4.you’d better do /not do: You’d better not laugh at others.5.why not do sth.?2.This is the place that/ which he visited. 4. I can’t forget the days that/ which we spent together. 十五. there be: There will be, there is going to be, There is…, isn’t there?十六. 宾语从句:1.陈述句语序2、时态（注意真理）例外：Could you tell me when she will arrive?2.连接词：that, if/whether(or not), what/how/which…4. I don’t know what happened to him./ who broke the window/ what’s wrong with him.十七. 反意疑问句1.Let’s go boating, shall we? Don’t play in the street, will you?2.Pass me some salt, will you?3.The guests have to go, don’t they? He’s read many books written by Luxun, hasn’t he?4.否定词：seldom, hardly, few, little, never, nothing, nobody十八. 连系动词1.feel, smell, sound, taste, look; seem, stay, keep + adj2.没有被动：The food tastes bad.十九. 主谓一致：1.就近原则：Neither he nor I have been to the USA.2.Either she or I am going to study abroad.Not only his parents but also his sister is an engineer.There are some people and a dog on the beach.There is a dog and some people on the beach.2. 就远原则: with/ together with/ besides/ except/but(除…之外)/ as well as/ including…3. 金钱、距离、时间表单数：100 dollars is not enough.二十一. 辨别：1. be made of /be made from /be made by sb. /be made in +地点be made of 由…制成(可看出原材料) The coat is made of silk. The desk is made of wood. be made from 由…制成(不能看出原材料)Paper is made from bamboo.2.a number of ≈a lot of +名词复数:A number of students are playing.the number of +名词: …的数量(第三人称单数) The number of the students in our class is 56.3. sometimes 有时sometime 某时some times 几次some time 一段时间4. so(否定：neither) +be/情态动词/助动词+主语…也是，…也一样so(否定：neither) +主语+be/情态动词/助动词…确实如此5. succeed(v.), successful(adj.), success(n. )6. die (v.), dead(adj.), death(n. ): He has been dead for ten years.7. ill/ sick: She is ill/ sick. a sick man8. so that / such that 句型（so many people, so interesting a boy=such an interesting boy）9. used to do 过去常常做某事be/get used to doing习惯做某事be used to do/ for doing 被用来做be used as 被用作…10. It / Sth takes sb to do 花时间; Sth cost 花钱Sb spend +时间/钱+(in) doing sth/on sth; Sb pay for 付钱。