定语从句2

定语从句学案一：定语从句的概念什么是定语1.This is a new book.2.Can you see the sleeping boy?3 .I want the book on the desk.定语：用来修饰名词的成分叫定语。

定语从句就是：顾名思义，用来修饰名词的句子。

定语从句一般放在所修饰名词的后面。

能找出下面的定语从句吗？1.This is a book that is new.2.Can you see the boy who is sleeping?3.I want the book which is on the desk.二.分析：被定语从句所修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的连接词叫关系词。

关系词在语意上等同于先行词。

1.I have a good friend who often helps me.2.I like the pen that I bought yesterday.3.He is not the man that he was.4.He met a man, who lost his way.关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有：that, which, who, whom,whose,as.关系副词有：where, when ,why.that 人/物主语/宾语which 物主语/宾语who 人主语whom 人宾语whose +名词主语as 译为正如….一样主语where 地点状语（具体，抽象:case,situation,job）when 时间状语why 原因状语(the reason why). as常用在as often happens, as was pointed out, as was said above, as I remember, as I understand, the same.. as , such ...as, as is known to all等结构中注意：way 做先行词时，连接词用that, in which, /.三．五大基本句型1.主语+谓语I sleep. I run. I walk.2.主语+谓语+宾语I love you. I see you. I visit Anyang.3.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语She gives me a book. She brought me a cat.4.主语+谓语+宾语+补语She makes me happy.5.主语+系动词+表语I am cool. You are beautiful. They are teachers.能一下背出下面的句子吗，知道是什么句型吗？A girl comes. She is beautiful. I love her. I gives her a ring. I makes her happy.填关系代词或关系副词，能说出它们在定语从句中作什么成分吗？有什么启示？1.This is Anyang ______ is beautiful.2.This is Anyang ______ I built 2 years ago.3.There is a house _______ window is broken.4.This is the factory ______ was built last winter.5.I’ll never forget the day ______ I spent with you on the island.6.I often think of the holiday ____ I stayed with my uncle.启示：看到空后是动词，关系词肯定是做主语的。

能直接放在动词后的关系词肯定是做宾语的。

主语，谓语，宾语都有的情况下考虑填关系副词。

1.She will never forget the days _____ she spent in Beijing.a.when b what c which d why2.She will never forget the days _____ she was taken good care of by the villagers.a.when b what c which d why3.This is the school ____ my father worked 30years ago.a.that b when c which d where4.This is the school ______ my father built 30 years ago.a.that b when c which d where5.This is the school ______ was built 30 years agola.that b when c who d where四非限制性定语从句先行词与定语从句用逗号隔开。

1.不用that 连接This is her house, which was built last year.2.定语从句可以修饰整个主句。

He is from America, which I know from his accent.He did not pass the exam, which made his mother disappointed.Kate always tells a lie, which her parents find strange.3.as常用在as often happens, as was pointed out, as was said above, as I remember, as I understand, the same.. as , such ...as, as is known to all等结构中。

4.关系代词与关系副词的选择与限制性定语从句一样。

1.I want to buy the house, ____ has a garden.2.The place, ______I visited before, has changed greatly.3.The story in the book takes place in Canada, _____ Doctor Bethune was born. 5.关系副词与人称代词，指示代词的选择关键是要分清句子结构。

如果是非限制性定语从句（两句中间以逗号隔开且无连词），用关系代词。

如果是并列句（全句中有连词，两句中间为句号或分号），用人称代词或指示代词。

1.He has three sons, none of _____ is a doctor.2.He has three sons,______ are doctors.3.He has three sons, but none of ____ is a doctor.4.He has three sons; ______ are doctors.a. whom b them c they d who五．“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句1感知：1.The girl whom he spoke to made no answer.The girl to whom he spoke made no answer.2.I don’t know the student whom Mary quarreled with yesterday.I don’t know the student with whom Mary quarreled yesterday.2关系代词的选用：在介词后的关系代词有which 和whom. 先行词是物用which，先行词是人，用whom. 有时可以用whose。

This is the ship by_______ I went to Shanghai.This is the student for _______ I bought the book.3介词的选用据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用介词。

1.The man ______I spoke made no answer at first.(speak to )2 The West lake,_____ Hangzhou is famous , is a beautiful place.(be famous for) 根据先行词的需要来确定1.This is the factory _______ he works.{in the factory}2.This is the farm ______ he works. (on the farm)根据从句的句意的需要来确定。

1.Wang Hong , _____ I went to the concert, enjoyed herself very much.(with sb)2Tom, ______ the window was broken, has been criticized by his teacher.(by sb) 3.Air, _____ man can’t live, is really important.（without air）六．特殊情况不用that 的情况1.不用that 来引导非限制性定语从句。

This is Anyang, which is famous for Yin ruins.2.in +关系代词中不用that.This is the factory in which he works.用that不用which的情况1.先行词被only ,very, best , the first 等修饰时，用that。

This is the best book that I have ever read.I’m always the last student who comes to school.The first place that we visited was a school.The only thing that we could do was to ask the police for help.2.先行词是不定代词时，用thatall,something，everything, anything, nothing,little, few, none 等。

All that can be done has been done.He toud us all that he knwe about it.3.先行词是人+物用that。