最新语法词汇词性转换教学教材

考点一、形容词转化为副词形容词加-ly变副词的规律1．一般情况下，直接在形容词的词尾加-lypolite→politely有礼貌地careful →carefully 细心地2．以-y结尾的形容词把y改为i, 再加-lyhappy→happily 高兴地easy→easily 容易地例外：shy→shyly害羞地3．以-le结尾的形容词需去掉e再加-ygentle→gently 温和地possible→possibly 可能地4. 以-ue结尾的形容词需去掉e再加-lytrue→truly 真实地考点二、名词与形容词的转化1．名词变形容词时常加的后缀：-al nature→natural自然的nation→national 国家的-ern east→eastern 东方的north→northern 北方的-ful care→careful 仔细的，小心的mouth→mouthful 一口-en gold→golden 金色的，金的wood→wooden 木质的-less care→careless 粗心的harm→harmless 无害的-an Europe→European 欧洲的America→American 美国的-able reason→reasonable 合理的comfort→comfortable 舒适的-ish fool→foolish 愚蠢的child→childish 孩子般的-y dirt→dirty 脏的wind→windy 有风的-ly friend→friendly 友好的love→lovely 可爱的2．形容词变名词时常加的后缀：-ness happy→happiness 幸福ill→illness 疾病-th true→truth 真理warm→warmth 温暖-y difficult→difficulty 困难考点三、形容词与动词的转化1．形容词变动词时常加的前、后缀：en- rich→enrich 丰富able→enable 使能够-en wide→widen 加宽sharp→sharpen 削尖short→shorten 缩短soft→soften 软化-ize modern→modernize 现代化-y simple→simplify 简化2．动词变形容词时常加的后缀：-ous continue→continuous 持续的vary→various 各种各样的-ed excite→excited 感到兴奋的surprise→surprised 吃惊的-ing excite→exciting 令人兴奋的surprise→surprising 令人吃惊的考点四、动词转化为名词动词变名词时常加的后缀：-ion operate→operation 手术-ation prepare→preparation 准备-sion decide→decisi on 决定conclude→conclusion 结论-ment argue→argument 争论judge→judgment 判断-ance accept→acceptance 接受appear→appearance 出现-ence refer→reference 参考exist→existence 存在-al refuse→refusal拒绝arrive→arrival 到达-er/-or teach→teacher 教师direct→director 导演考点五、普通名词转化为特定人物常跟在名词后用来指人的后缀：-er office→officer 官员farm→farmer 农夫-ese China→Chinese 中国人Japan→Japanes e 日本人-ian music→musician 音乐家Canada→Canadian 加拿大人-ist science→scientist 科学家novel→novelist 小说家考点六、形容词、副词的否定前缀1．un-＋形容词unhappy不高兴的unlucky 不走运的unfair 不公平的unusual 不同寻常的unimportant 不重要的2．un-＋副词unusually 不同寻常地unluckily 不走运地unhappily 不高兴地unfortunately 不幸地3．im-＋形容词impossible 不可能的impolite 不礼貌的impatient 没有耐心的4．in-＋形容词incorrect 不正确的independent 独立的[随堂即时训练]Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2014·湖北高考)Her motivation for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education (educate)．2．(2014·贵州六校联考)He rejected the idea that he could not do arithmetic and was determined (determine) to show them that he could.山西师大附中模拟)This new mix-and-match junk food trend has taken off among young audiences3. (2014·despite its unhealthy (health) nature.4．(2014·长春模拟)Beginning a new life in a new place can be very puzzling (puzzle)．5．(2014·吉林大学附中模拟)They are planning to widen (wide) the road outside our house.6．(2014·贵州模拟)He put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be accessible (access) to the kids.7．(2014·银川模拟)If we leave right away, hopefully (hopeful) we'll arrive on time.8．He took a mouthful (mouth) of the bitter medicine and made a face.Ⅱ.语法填空(重点训练词性转换)A father sat at his desk looking at and carefully studying his 1.monthly (month) bill when his young sonand you are 55 years old, I'm going to give you 55 rushed in and announced.“Dad, because this is your birthdaykisses, one for each year！” 2.But the father exclaimed, “Oh, Peter, don't do it now. I'm too busy！”The boy immediately fell 3.silent (silence) as tears rolled down from his big blue eyes. The father said,can finish later.”The boy said nothing but 4.quietly (quiet) walked away, 5.disappointment (disappoint) written over his face.！”But the boy didn't respond.That evening the father said, “Come and finish the kisses now, Peter6．Unfortunately (fortunate), the boy had an accident and was drowned. His heartbroken father wrote, If only I 7.could tell him how much I regret my thoughtless words and make sure that he knows how much my heart is aching.”Love is a two-way street. Any loving act must be 8.warmly (warm) accepted. Nothing is more 9.important (importance) than responding with love to the cry for love from those 10.who are near and precious to us.[专题检测]用所给单词的适当形式填空1．Mary was very sad at the news, so she looked sadly at her husband, her eyes full of sadness.(sad) 2．He played football very well and he was one of the best players in yesterday's football match.(play)3．Look！How happily Kate is laughing！She seems to be the happiest girl in the world.(happy)4．To our satisfaction,_ the headmaster was very satisfied with our report.(satisfy)5．Edison was a great inventor.During his life he had many inventions.(invent)6．I should simplify my task and make it simpler/simple to finish it.(simple)7．The boy having the appearance of being half starved disappeared,_ never to be seen again.(appear) 8．The police discovered the pot and uncovered a plot against the President.(cover)9．You are so kind to help me. Thank you for your kindness.(kindly)10．Everything is becoming more_expensive than before and many college students had to work to make some money for their college expenses.(expend)。