邱政政-托福听力十大必备段子(中英版)
邱政政-托福听力十大必备段子(中英版)
1．文科类段子：讨论“艺术类的音乐”[2000.1.（39）——（42）]
It may seem strange that we’re discussing music from a Broadway production in this class, “The Lion King” especially, since it’s based on a popular Hollywood movie. I mean music performed for Broadway theater in the heart of New York city surely would seem to be in the western tradition of popular music and not have much in common with the music we have been studying in this course, such as gamelan music of Indonesia, or Zulu chants of South Africa, music that developed outside the western tradition of Europe and America. But in fact, musicians have a long-standing tradition of borrowing from one another’s cultures. And this production’s director intentionally included both
western and non-western music. That way, some of the rhythms, instruments, harmonies typical of non-western music contrast with and complement popular music more familiar to audiences in North America and Europe, music like rock, jazz or Broadway style show tunes. So I want to spend the rest of this class and most of the next one on the music from the show “The Lion King” as a way of summarizing some of the technical distinctions between typical western music and the non-western music that we’ve been studying. Now the African influence on the music is clear, the story takes place in Africa. So the director got a South African composer to write songs with a distinctly African sound. And the songs even include words from African languages. But we’ll get
back to the African influence later. First let’s turn to the music that was written for the shadow puppet scenes in “The Lion King”, music based on the Indonesian music used in the shadow puppet theater of that region.
中文翻译：
也许在我们这门课上讨论百老汇制作的音乐剧有点儿奇怪，特别是《狮子王》，因为它是根据一个很受欢迎的Hollywood电影改编的。我的意思是，在纽约中心百老汇上演的音乐剧看上去一定是跟随西方音乐传统，而这不同于我们所学的欧洲和美洲传统之外的音乐，比如印尼的gamelan音乐，或南非Zulu族单调的口号。但是，音乐家们有借鉴别种文化的传统。这部音乐剧的导演有意在剧中融合了西方音乐和非西方音乐。这样，一些非西方音乐的节拍、乐器、音调与欧美观众所熟知的音乐，如摇滚，爵士、百老汇音乐之间，会产生强大的对比。所以我想用今天剩下的和下一节课的大部分时间来分析《狮子王》中的音乐，从而总结一下我们
所学过的西方音乐和非西方音乐在技术上的不同。非洲对这个音乐剧有很大的影响，故事发生在非洲，所以导演请了南非的音乐家来写一些很具有南非风格的音乐。歌曲中甚至包括了非洲的语言。我们等一会儿再来讨论非洲对这部音乐剧的影响。现在先看一下《狮子王》中手影戏那一幕所用的音乐，它是根据印尼手影戏的音乐改编的。
2．理科类段子：讨论“天文学”
[2000.1.（43）——（46）]
In ancient times, many people believed the earth was a flat disc. Well over 2,000 years ago, the ancient Greek philosophers were able to put forward two good arguments proving that it was not. Direct observations of heavenly bodies were the basis of both these arguments. First, the Greeks knew that during eclipses of the moon, the
