初中英语阅读理解与写作专练

(完整版)初中英语阅读理解专项训练目录1. 阅读理解题一2. 阅读理解题二3. 阅读理解题三4. 阅读理解题四5. 阅读理解题五阅读理解题一题目：请阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。

阅读材料：Tom is a 13-year-old boy from America. He is currently studying at Central Middle School. Tom enjoys playing basketball with his friends during his free time. Besides basketball, he is also interested in reading books, especially adventure stories.问题：1. Where is Tom from?2. Where does Tom study?3. What does Tom enjoy doing in his free time?4. What type of books does Tom like reading?答案：1. Tom is from America.2. Tom studies at Central Middle School.3. Tom enjoys playing basketball.4. Tom likes reading adventure stories.阅读理解题二题目：请阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。

阅读材料：Lucy has a pet dog named Max. Max is a friendly and energetic dog. Every morning, Lucy takes Max for a walk in the park. They love spending time together outdoors. Max enjoys chasing balls and playing with other dogs in the park.问题：1. What is the name of Lucy's pet dog?2. How does Lucy spend time with Max?3. What does Max enjoy doing in the park?答案：1. The name of Lucy's pet dog is Max.2. Lucy takes Max for a walk in the park.3. Max enjoys chasing balls and playing with other dogs in the park.阅读理解题三题目：请阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。

初中英语任务型阅读理解专练100篇及答案1Some birthday customs are quite similar in many parts of the world---- birthday candles(蜡烛), birthday games，and birthday cakes. But some customs are more specific to certain countries. Here are some children talking about their customs.Linda---I am fourteen. I come from Aruba. In our country,Children take something special to school for their classmates and all teachers. Each teacher gives the birthday child a small gift like a pencil, an eraser or a postcard. The birthday child is also allowed to wear special clothes instead of the school uniform.Lucy---I am one year older than Linda. Denmark is my country.A flag is flown outside a window to show that someone who lives in that house is having a birthday. Presents are placed around the child's bed while they are sleeping so they will see them at once when they wake up.Tom---I am as old as Linda. I am from Brazil. The birthday child receives a pull on the earlobe(耳垂) for each year in my country. The birthday person also gives the first slice of cake to his/her most special friend or relative, usually mom or dad.根据短文，完成下面表格，每空不超过4个单词，并将其答案写在答题卡中相应题号的横线上。

初二年级英语阅读与写作争霸赛40题1. My family went on a trip last week. We visited a beautiful beach. The sand there was ______ and the sea was very blue.A. whiteB. blackC. redD. green答案：A。

解析：根据常识，海滩的沙子通常是白色的，文中描述是美丽的海滩，白色的沙子比较符合对美丽海滩的描述，而黑色、红色和绿色的沙子不是常见的海滩沙子颜色。

2. Tom is a new student in our school. He is very friendly and always ______ others when they need help.A. helpsB. helps toC. helpD. helping答案：A。

解析：句子的主语是He，是第三人称单数，根据一般现在时的语法规则，动词要用第三人称单数形式，help sb是固定用法，不需要加to，所以选A。

3. There are three people in my family, my father, my mother and ______.A. meB. IC. myD. mine答案：A。

解析：这里需要一个宾格形式，在句子中作宾语，me 是I的宾格，I是主格，my是形容词性物主代词，mine是名词性物主代词，所以选A。

4. In the school library, we should keep ______.A. noisyB. cleanC. dirtyD. loud答案：B。

解析：在学校图书馆应该保持安静、整洁，noisy是吵闹的，dirty是脏的，loud是大声的，都不符合图书馆的要求，clean表示干净、整洁，所以选B。

5. Mary likes reading books. She often goes to the library ______ Saturday afternoons.A. inB. onC. atD. for答案：B。

人教版七年级英语阅读理解专项训练一、阅读理解题型分析。

1. 细节理解题。

- 这类题目主要考查学生对文章具体细节的理解能力。

例如，文章中提到某人的名字、地点、时间或者具体事件等。

在做这类题时，需要仔细阅读文章，找到与题目相关的句子，然后进行对比和选择。

- 常见的提问方式有：“What can we learn from the passage about...?”“Where did...happen?”“When did...?”等。

2. 推理判断题。

- 要求学生根据文章中的信息进行推理和判断。

不能直接从文章中找到答案，而是要在理解文章的基础上，对文章中的信息进行分析、归纳和推断。

- 例如：“What can we infer from the passage?”“Which of the following is probably true?”等是这类题目的常见提问方式。

3. 主旨大意题。

- 主旨大意题旨在考查学生对文章整体内容的理解和概括能力。

学生需要理解文章的中心思想，判断文章主要是关于什么内容的。

- 常见的提问方式包括：“What is the main idea of the passage?”“The passage is mainly about...”等。

4. 词义猜测题。

- 考查学生根据上下文猜测生词或短语含义的能力。

文章中可能会出现一些学生不认识的单词或者短语，但是可以通过上下文的线索来推测其含义。

- 例如：“The word ‘...’ in the passage probably means...”二、解题技巧。

1. 细节理解题解题技巧。

- 先读题目，明确题目要求，确定要查找的细节信息类型，如人物、事件、时间等。

- 然后带着问题快速浏览文章，利用关键词（如题目中的人名、地名、数字等）定位到文章中的相关段落或句子。

- 仔细对比选项和文章中的信息，注意选项中的细微差别，如时态、数量、范围等。

初中英语阅读理解专项训练卷一、阅读理解（共4篇，每篇5题，每题2分，共40分）A篇：In the small town of Greenfield, there lived a kind old man named Mr. Brown. He was known for his love of gardening and his beautiful garden was the pride of the town. Mr. Brown would often share his flowers and vegetables with his neighbors. One day, a young boy named Tom moved into the neighborhood. Tom was curious about gardening and asked Mr. Brown if he could learn from him. Mr. Brown happily agreed and taught Tom everything he knew about plants and caring for them. Soon, Tom's garden was as beautiful as Mr. Brown's, and the two became good friends.1. What was Mr. Brown known for?A. His love for gardening.B. His beautiful house.C. His friendship with Tom.D. His vegetables.2. What did Mr. Brown do with his flowers and vegetables?A. He sold them.B. He kept them for himself.C. He shared them with his neighbors.D. He gave them to the town.3. Who moved into the neighborhood?A. A young girl.B. A young boy named Tom.C. Mr. Brown.D. A new family.4. What did Tom learn from Mr. Brown?A. How to play soccer.B. How to garden.C. How to cook.D. How to build a house.5. What was the result of Tom learning from Mr. Brown?A. Tom became a famous gardener.B. Tom's garden became as beautiful as Mr. Brown's.C. Tom moved away from the town.D. Tom stopped gardening.B篇：The Smith family decided to go on a vacation to the beach. They packed their bags and drove to the seaside town of Sunnyville. The children, Alice and Bob, were excited to see the ocean for the first time. Upon arrival, they immediately went to the beach and built sandcastles. Their parents, Mr. and Mrs. Smith, enjoyed a relaxing walk along the shore. In the evening, the family had a barbecue on the beach and watched the sunset together. The next day, they went on a boat trip and saw dolphins playing in the waves. It was an unforgettable experience for the whole family.6. Why did the Smith family go to Sunnyville?A. To see the ocean.B. To visit friends.C. To go shopping.D. To attend a business meeting.7. What did Alice and Bob do at the beach?A. They went on a boat trip.B. They had a barbecue.C. They built sandcastles.D. They walked along the shore.8. What did Mr. and Mrs. Smith do during the vacation?A. They played with the children.B. They went shopping.C. They enjoyed a walk along the shore.D. They watched a movie.9. What activity did the family do in the evening?A. They went to a movie theater.B. They had a barbecue on the beach.C. They played beach volleyball.D. They went to a restaurant.10. What did the family see during the boat trip?A. Dolphins playing in the waves.B. A beautiful sunset.C. A large sandcastle.D. A famous beach volleyball match.C篇：In the future, scientists believe that robots will be able to do many tasks that humans currently do. Robots will be able to cook, clean, and even teach students in schools. They will be programmed with advanced artificial intelligence that will allow them to learn and adapt to different situations. Some people are worried that robots might replace humans in the workplace, but others believe that this technology will create new job opportunities and improve the quality of life for everyone.11. What will robots be able to do in the future according to the passage?A. Fly to space.B. Cook and clean.C. Drive cars.D. Play music.12. What will allow robots to learn and adapt?A. Advanced cooking skills.B. Advanced artificial intelligence.C. Advanced cleaning techniques.D. Advanced driving abilities.13. What are some people worried about?A. Robots will be too expensive.B. Robots will replace humans in the workplace.C. Robots will be too small to do tasks.D. Robots will not be able to learn.14. What do other people believe about the technology?A. It will only create problems.B. It will create new job opportunities.C. It will make life more difficult.D. It will only be useful in schools。

初中三年级课外练习题英语题阅读理解与写作题20题及答案初中三年级课外练习题一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Passage 1John is a 14-year-old boy who loves playing basketball. He practices every day after school and dreams of becoming a professional player in the future. However, John's parents are worried about his studies and think he spends too much time on basketball.One day, John's teacher gave them an assignment to write an essay about their dreams. John wrote about his passion for basketball and how he wanted to pursue it as a career. He handed in his essay and anxiously waited for the teacher's response.The next day, the teacher returned the graded essays. John was excited to see his teacher's comments. To his surprise, his teacher wrote, "Follow your dreams, John! You have great talent in basketball. Don't forget to balance your studies and sports. Work hard and you can achieve anything!"John felt relieved and motivated. He knew that his teacher supported him and believed in his abilities. From that day on, John developed a study schedule and made sure to complete his homework before basketball practice. He realized that with discipline and balance, he could excel in both academics and sports.1. What is John's dream?A. To become a professional basketball player.B. To become a teacher.C. To become a doctor.D. To become a musician.2. How did John's parents feel about his love for basketball?A. They were proud of him.B. They were worried about his studies.C. They didn't care.D. They wanted him to quit basketball.3. What did John's teacher write in his essay?A. Don't waste your time on basketball.B. You will never become a professional basketball player.C. Follow your dreams and work hard.D. Do well in your studies and forget about basketball.Passage 2Linda is a 13-year-old girl who enjoys writing stories. She loves to create fictional characters and imagine exciting adventures for them. Linda's English teacher noticed her talent and encouraged her to participate in a writing competition.With the teacher's guidance, Linda wrote a short story and entered it into the competition. After a few weeks, the competition results were announced. Linda eagerly searched for her name among the winners.To her disappointment, Linda didn't win any prizes. She felt discouraged and doubted her writing abilities. However, her teacher noticed her sadness and approached her with a smile."Linda, don't be disheartened," the teacher said. "Your story was beautifully written, and you have a unique style. Remember, success doesn't always come in the form of awards. Keep writing and expressing yourself. The most important thing is to enjoy the process."Linda took her teacher's words to heart. She continued to write stories, not for the sake of winning awards, but for the joy of storytelling. She realized that her passion for writing was more important than any external recognition.4. What is Linda's talent?A. Singing.B. Writing stories.C. Playing sports.D. Painting.5. How did Linda feel when she didn't win any prizes?A. Happy.B. Discouraged.C. Excited.D. Relieved.6. What did Linda's teacher tell her?A. To stop writing stories.B. To keep writing and expressing herself.C. She would never be a successful writer.D. Writing competitions are a waste of time.Passage 3Mark is a 15-year-old boy who loves taking photographs. He often brings his camera with him wherever he goes, capturing beautiful moments and landscapes. One day, Mark's photos were praised by a professional photographer who happened to see them.The photographer offered to mentor Mark and teach him the art of photography. Mark eagerly agreed, joining the photographer on variousphoto shoots and learning valuable techniques. He spent hours behind the lens, experimenting with different angles and lighting.After a few months, Mark entered a photography competition. The judges were impressed by his unique perspective and awarded him first place. Mark felt a sense of accomplishment and was grateful for the photographer's guidance.7. What is Mark's passion?A. Basketball.B. Writing.C. Photography.D. Singing.8. What did the professional photographer offer Mark?A. To sell his photographs.B. To teach him photography.C. To compete against him.D. To discourage him from pursuing photography.9. How did Mark feel after winning first place in the photography competition?A. Disappointed.B. Excited.C. Indifferent.D. Annoyed.二、写作题请根据以下题目，写一篇不少于100字的作文。

初中英语题型专项练习一、完形填空专练AHappiness comes from what you believe! Here goes a story of Jack,a friend of mine. He is a very __1__ man. One day I asked him,“How do you keep happy every day?” He __2__，“Every morning I wake up and say to ___3__，‘Jack，you have two choices today. You can choose to be happy ___4__ you can choose to be unhappy.’ I choose to be happy.”Several years later, I __5__ that he fell off a building, and I went to the hospital to see him.I asked him what he thought when the __6__happened. “The first thing that appeared in my__7__was my little daughter,” Jack answered. “Then, I remembered that I had two choices; I could choose to live or I could choose to __8__. I chose to live.”Doctors and nurses were all around him. The operation (手术）went well with him.Jack is living __9__ now, thanks to the nurses, the doctors and also his belief. I have learned from him that every day we have a(n) __10__ about how we live. Belief, after all, is everything!( )1. A. tall B. happy C. heavy D. handsome( )2. A. answered B. told C. decided D. shouted( )3. A. himself B. yourself C. herself D. myself( )4. A. but B. and C. or D. so( )5. A. am told B. was told C. am telling D. was telling( )6. A. accident B. fire C. earthquake D. sandstorm( )7. A. eyes B. hands C. mind D. ears( )8. A. run B. lie C. stay D. die( )9. A. unexpectedly B. unluckilyC. happilyD. sadly( )10. A. choice B. idea C. method D. wayBMany people dream of traveling into outer space. However, spending too much time in space may cause ___1__n six months on the International Space Station (ISS) at a time.Muscle (肌肉) and bone lossIn a weightless environment, astronauts don't need to use their muscles to support themselves, __3__ their muscles start shrinking. To keep their muscles strong, astronauts need to __4__ about 2 hours each day on the ISS.Sleep disorder (失调)In space, the sun rises every 90 minutes. It is __5__ for astronauts to get used to this light-dark cycle when they sleep. Also, they need to sleep in a sleeping bag that is fixed to a wall, and it is __6__.Astronauts now have individual sleeping pods (分离舱) that help __7__ some of the light. Still, studies have found that most astronauts only sleep about six hours each night, even though___8__ should have eight and a half hours.Brain changeScientists have found that the ___9__of the brain changes during spaceflight. It can affect how the brain deal with how we see, stay balanced and move around. That's why some astronauts can't___10__ their movement and balance after running to the Earth. Scientists have also found that astronauts may get used to this change after going on more spaceflights. But they still need to do more research.( )1. A. family B. robot C. money D. health( )2. A. why B. how C. what D. when( )3. A. so B. but C. or D. for( )4. A. study B. exercise C. sleep D. part( )5. A. easy B. hard C. interesting D. quick( )6. A. convenient B. amazing C. uncomfortable D. impossible( )7. A. produce B. save C. create D. prevent( )8. A. you B. they C. he D. she( )9. A. position B. shape C. size D. type( )10. A. understand B. care C. control D. look二、阅读理解专练AA young man was on a train. As the train turned a corner, it slowed down and then a house came into sight. The house looked so different from the grey buildings of the city that everybody on the train turned to look at it. Some passengers began to talk about it.The young man was also interested in the house. He decided to get off at the next station and make his way to the house. After a short walk, he arrived at the house and talked with the owner of the house. The owner told the young man that he was trying to sell the house, but no one would buy it, as the noise of the trains passing here made it not comfortable to live in.The young man decided to buy the house right then and paid ＄30,000. He wanted to use it for advertising(做广告), as the house faced the railway bend. The train had to slow down at the bend, and it gave the passengers plenty of time to look at the house.The young man went to several big companies and explained the advantages of placing advertisements(广告) on the side of the house. Finally, one company agreed to place some advertisements. The young man was paid ＄180,000 for three years of advertising.In this world, turning disadvantages into advantages is the key to success.( )1. Passengers were interested in the house because .A. it was very beautifulB. it looked differentC. it was very oldD. they were bored( )2. The young man bought the house mainly because .A. he needed a place to live inB. the price of the house was lowC. he wanted to use it for advertisingD. the house was near a train station( )3. The underlined word “bend” means in Chinese.A. 起点B. 轨道C. 直行道D. 弯道( )4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE in the passage?A. The young man sold the house to the company finally.B. The young man went to several big companies.C. The young man paid the house for ＄30,000.D. The young man got ＄180,000 from one company.( )5. What can we learn from the story?A. We should not give up in our life.B. It is difficult to become successful.C. A good house can make money for you.D. It is wise to turn disadvantages into advantages.BMany people believe that you lose the ability to learn new languages as you get older. Language experts，however，will tell you that you're never too old to learn a new language. As you get older，it can be more difficult to learn a new language，though.Children and adults learn new languages in different ways. For children，language is their life. They study for thousands of hours every year，because they need to learn languages to become part of their communities. Adults，on the other hand，are already part of a language community. Learning a new language means becoming part of another language community，and adults rarely get the chance to practice as much as young children do.Moreover，children learning a new language are expected to make mistakes. This gives them freedom when learning to be daring and confident. Adults，however，often feel stressed to be perfect when learning a new language. This can discourage many people and make it even harder to learn a new language.When young children learn a new language，they come to see various （各种）languages as a “normal” part of society. This mindset （思维模式）helps them to learn a new language without feeling like they're doing something unusual or “too hard”.So if you want to learn a new language，go for it! It's never too late to learn a new language. If you're older，it may take more work，but it can be done. If you're a young child，though，now is the time to step out and learn a new language!( )1. By saying “language is their life”，the writer means that children ________.A. practice a new language a lot'B. lead a happy life every dayC. are taken good care of by adultsD. can't live without language( )2. Which of the following shows the difference between children and adults in learning a new language？A. The behaviors they have.B. The learning attitudes （态度）.C. The future plans they have made.D. The materials they are using( )3. What may make it hard for old people to learn a new language？A. They are afraid of being laughed at.B. They usually have too many interests.C. They think making mistakes is natural.D. They always make all kinds of mistakes.( )4. According to the writer，________________ .A. learning a new language is easier for adults than childrenB. adults can't learn a new language wellC. childhood may be the best time to learn a new languageD. a new language can be understood only by old people( )5. What would be the best title for the text？A. How to learn a new languageB. Various languagesC. Practice makes perfectD. Never too old to learn a new language三、选词填空Every Chinese kid 1. __________ with them for some time. But chopsticks are not just simple tools to pick up food. They come with their own 2. __________ rules and traditions.Generally, people should not make noise with chopsticks. 3. __________ with chopsticks is seen as bad manners, just as playing with forks and knives in a Western country would be rude.There are also some superstitions(迷信) 4. __________ to chopsticks. For example, some people believe that chopsticks should not be left standing upright in a bowl. Doing it at the dinner table is believed to bring 5. __________ luck.You should not tap chopsticks on the edge of the bowl either, as 6. __________ do this to ask for food. Parents might get angry 7. __________ children do this as they don't want their children to be as poor as beggars in the future.Besides, chopsticks can also be a great 8. __________. In Chinese, “chopsticks” are known 9. __________ “kuaizi”, which means to have babies soon. New couples 10. __________ receive chopsticks as a wedding gift. Skilled craftsmen (手艺人) paint beautiful images on chopsticks to make them look like fine artwork.country. He was going to pay a visit to the USA. He decided to learn some English 2. __________ so that he might greet Obama, president of the USA, in English. So he asked his wife for help 3.__________ she knew a little English. His wife told him, “When you meet Mr.President, just 4.__________ him with ‘How are you?’, and he may answer ‘I am fine'. Then you need only to say 5. __________, too,' and leave the rest to your interpreter.”When his plane landed at the 6. __________, George was little nervous, he said to the smiling Obama, “Who are you?” This was quite 7. __________ to the president and surprised him greatly. But he quickly calmed down. Still 8. __________ a smile on his face, he answered, “I am Michelle Obama's husband.” To his reply, George answered9. without a moment “Me, too,” and looked at the presidentwife,Michelle,smiling 10. __________ as well.参考答案一、完型填空A：1-5 BADCB 6-10ACDCAB: 1-5DAABB 6-10CDBAC 二、阅读理解A：1-5 BCDADB: 1-5ABACD三、选词填空。

The day was like any other day in his life, Tom walked past the shop on the street comer. He stopped to look at the front row of shoes, and he felt happy to see that the pair of shoes he wanted very much were still there. Looking down, he felt sorry for himself. He really wanted to have them for his birthday.He sadly walked away and thought how to tell his mother about it. He knew she would give him anything he liked if she could. But he also knew very well she had little money. He decided not to go home at once, as he looked worried and his mother would notice (注意) it. So he went to the park and sat on the grass. Then he saw a boy in a wheel chair (轮椅) . He noticed that the boy moved the wheel with his hands. Tom looked at him carefully and was surprised to see the boy have no feet. He looked at his own feet. “It's much better to be without shoes than without feet, ” he thought. There was no reason (理由) for him to feel so sorry and sad. He sent away and smiled, thinking he was happier.1．Tom passed the shop______.A．on foot B．by buy C．by bike D．in a car2．Why did Tom stop in front of the shop? Because he wanted______. [ ]A．to buy the shoesB．to look at the shoes he likedC．to look at the shoes in the shop windowD．to look at the shoes on the front row3．The pair of shoes he liked was ______. [ ]A．too expensive B．quite cheap C．not there D．not sold yet4．Tom went into the park because he______. [ ]A．was thinking how to tell his mother about it B．wanted to see the boyC．didn't want to make his mother worried D．he felt sad5．From the story we can know that Tom______. [ ]A．liked new shoes very much B．loved his mother bestC．didn't want to go to school D．didn't want to stay at home<2.People sometimes like to read stories of dogs very much. They think that dogs are much cleverer than cats, sheep, cows or other animals in their homes.One of my close friends, Bob, has a very large police dog named Jack. Every Sunday afternoon, Bob and Jack have a walk in the park nearby. Jack likes these walks very much. One Sunday afternoon, I paid a visit to my friend. I stayed there for a long time and my friend and I had much more talk with each other than ever before. Soon it was time for them to take a walk in the park. We forgot that. Jack became worried about it. He walked around the room several times and then sat down in front of me and looked at me. But I still paid no attention (注意) to him. I went on talking with my friend. At last, Jack could not wait any longer. He went out of the room and came back a few minutes later. He sat down in front of me again. But this time, he held my hat in his mouth. Suddenly, I understood what Jack meant and so did my friend.1．How many people are there in this story?______. [ ]A．One B．Two C．Three D．Four2．Jack______. [ ]A．is a close friend of mine B．enjoys long walks in the park every Sunday afternoonC．has many close friends D．enjoys talks in the room3．Jack was worried because______. [ ]A．he wanted to eat something B．it was Sunday afternoon againC．he was not feeling well D．he wanted his master (主人) to take him for a walk4．Jack took my hat in his mouth to show that______. [ ]A．I should leave the house at once B．he liked my hat very muchC．he was hungry and he tried to eat it D．he wanted to have a rest5．Which of the following is true?______. [ ]A．When Jack and I were talking, my friend didn't pay any attention to usB．When I was talking to my friend, Jack didn't pay any attention to usC．When my friend and I were talking, we didn't pay any attention to JackD．When my friend was talking to Jack, I paid attention to them<3>Peter was a small boy. He lived with his parents in a small house near some hills. The people there were all poor.One night it was very dry and windy.When everybody was asleep, Peter suddenly heard some noise. It came out from the kitchen (厨房). He got up and walked to the kitchen. He found that the wood beside the stove (火炉) was burning . There was no water tap (水龙头) in the house , so he could not put out (扑灭) the fire . He shouted loudly to wake up everyone in the house. Then he ran out of his house and knocked on the doors of many houses to wake the people up. They all left their houses quickly.At last the fire was put out by the firemen. Many houses were burnt. But nobody was burnt in the fire.1．Peter lived with his______. [ ]A．sisters B．brothers C．uncles D．parents2．One night he found that______ beside the stove was burning. [ ]A．the table B．the wood C．the door D．the window3．______, so he could not put out the fire. [ ]A．Everybody was asleep B．He couldn't shout loudlyC．The kitchen was very big D．there was no water tap in the house4．Peter knocked on the doors of many houses______. [ ]A．to wake the people up B．to get some waterC．to find his classmates D．to visit them5．______hurt in the fire. [ ]A．People in other houses were B．Peter's parents wereC．Nobody was D．Peter was<4>“You're just in time, Joe. We're going to play cowboys（牛仔） and Indians, and you can be the Indians. ” One of my cousins（堂兄弟）said.“How many Indians?”I asked.“Oh, about a thousand. ” He answered, and before I could say no，I waspushed out into the night and became a thousand Indians. Two minutes later I was running in the fields with a group of cowboys behind. The shouts of “After them. Let's catch the killers!” and other such TV play language came into my ears as I ran round a corner and hurried into my Grandpa's car．“We've got him, boys. Let's go and catch him!”But no one wanted to come to get me. All of my cousins except one were always very friendly with. It was quiet outside. And I went out of the car to have a look.Just then I heard a shout , “Bring the rope（绳子）, and we can burn him. ”“Only Indians burn people. Cowboys.” I stopped just in time. I had almost said, “Cowboys hang（绞死）people. ”I was tied to a tree, and the cowboys were looking for some wood when my dear mother called, “We're leaving now. ”“Untie me.” I shouted. ”We're going.“Why did Bobby want matches（火柴）?” Mum asked when we were in the car. “He was asking Dad whether he had any. ”“oh, he was just going t matches? MATCHES? Are you sure he wanted matches”Mother was quite sure, and I didn't say any more.1．How many children played the Indians? [ ]A．One thousand B．One hundred C．One group D．One2．Why did Joe's cousin say that Joe was just in time? Because______. [ ]A．there were not enough children four the gameB．the game was just going to startC．none of his cousins wanted to be the IndiansD．they were waiting for Joe3．Joe didn't say “Cowbays hang people.” Because______. [ ]A．he was tied to a tree B．that would make things worseC．he was caught by the cowboys D．that would make the cowboys angry4．Which of the following is TRUE? [ ]A．One of Joe's cousins was looking for matches.B．Dad didn't want to give the children any matches.C．Bobby wanted to get some matches from his father.D．Mum didn't think children should play with matches.5．The name of the story should he“______.” [ ]A．Joe and his cousinsB．Who knows what danger is waiting thereC．Cowboys and Indians is a favourite children's gameD．How cowboys and Indians fought in the past<5>A very new, young officer was at a station. He was on his way to visit his mother in another town, and he wanted to telephone her to tell her the time of this train , so that she could meet him at the station in her car．He look in all his pockets, but round that he did not have the right money for the telephone, so he went outside and looked around for someone to help him.At last an old soldier came by, and the young officer stopped him and said, “Have you got change（零钱） for ten pence（便士）?”“Wait a moment, ” the old soldier answered. He began to put his hand in his pock- et, “I'll see whether I can help you. ”“Don't you know how to speak to an officer?” the young man said angrily. “Now let's start again. Have you got change for ten pence? ”“No, sir,” the old soldier answered quickly.1．The young officer and his mother lived______. [ ]A．in the same town B．in different placesC．in another town D．in the other town2．The young officer Wanted to telephone his mother to tell her______. [ ] A．that he was going to visit her B．where his train would leave forC．what time his train would arrive at the station D．that he was then at the station 3．He looked around for help because he______. [ ]A．had no money to make the phone callB．did not know where to make the phone callC．needed some change for the phone callD．wanted to get change from the old soldier4．The young officer was angry because he thought the old soldier______. [ ] A．was polite to him B．was not polite to himC．didn't know how to speak to him D．didn't like to help him at all 5．Which of the following is not true? [ ]A．Both the young officer and the old soldier were angry.B．The young officer wanted his mother to meet him at the station.C．He wanted the old soldier to speak to him in a polite way.D．He didn't know the soldier before.马，本来自由自在的在山间撒野，渴了喝点山泉，累了就睡在地上晒太阳，无忧无虑。

一、阅读理解文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍算盘的相关内容。

1.We all know that paper-making, gunpowder, the compass and the art of printing are the Four Great Inventions of ancient China. But have you heard of another important invention—the abacus(算盘)?It’s said that Li Shou(隶首) invented the abacus. 1 Some researchers believe the abacus has a longer history than the other calculators(计算器) in the world. In China, people used abacuses to do calculations for thousands of years before people use electronic calculators in daily lives.2 It has many beads(珠子). Each bead above the abacus stands for five, and each bead below stands for one. By moving the beads up ordown, one can do all kinds of calculations.It is a joy to watch a skilled hand use an abacus. Fingers move, beads knock, and after a few seconds, the result comes out. 3 So it was taught in many schools. Wherever there was a need for calculations, an abacus would come into sight.Today, because we are used to using electronic calculators, we don’t have many chances to see an abacus in our daily lives. 4 However, the abacus still plays an important role in certain situations.The abacus is one of the important inventions in Chinese history. It used to make a big difference to Chinese people’s lives. 5 It is our national treasure. It is one of the reasons why we are proud of China.A．Many young people have not even heard of the word “abacus”.B．So the abacus is a symbol of wealth for traders in China.C．It shows the great wisdom of the ancient Chinese people.D．The abacus is usually made of wood.E．It has been around for over 5,000 years.F．In the past, the use of the abacus was a necessary skill.G．More and more people are using abacuses nowadays.文章大意：本文就怎样组建读书俱乐部提供了一些方法。

一、阅读理解文章大意：本文主要介绍了一位中学生发明的环保垃圾袋，介绍了发明它的起因，它的用处等。

1. 七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入1~5小题横线上的最佳选项。

Be careful when throwing away wet waste. 1Shi Y uan, 14, from Shanghai Wenlai Middle School, has made a special bag to help solve this problem. 2 When one end of the tape is open, the bag can be turned upside down. By holding the tape, users can easily throw wet waste into a trash bin without getting their hands dirty.Shi came up with the idea after an unpleasant experience in which he once got wet waste all over his trousers while throwing it away. 3 He decided to solve the problem. At last he invented the special bag with the help of family members and his science teacher.To invent this is not easy. At first, the tape Shi used was a one-off(一次性) product. 4 So he kept on improving the design. A few months later, the boy got the idea of using weak glue, which allows the waste bag to be reused. He got the idea from Post-it notes(便利贴).5 He has already sold 2 million bags online. But Shi doesn’t think he has done a great thing, “I just enjoy the fun process.”A．Not only old grandmas but also young mothers like his bags.B．It wasn’t environmentally friendly.C．The bag will be widely used in the market.D．Shi’s bag has become popular both in local communities and on the Internet.E．The special plastic bag has a band of adhesive tape(一段胶带).F．Maybe these kinds of waste have made a big mess when you throw them away.G．He found that many other people were facing the same problem.2. The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? 1 It’s similar to the music you listen to,but it’s not exactly the same. That’s because this music was especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don’t even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway.Quiet background music used to be called “elevator(电梯) music” because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name “Muzak”. About one-third of the people in America listen to “Muzak” every day. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. 2If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don’t want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? 3Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. 4 Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.5 They say it’s boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps themrelax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muza!A．Some people don’t like Muzak.B．The music gives them extra energy.C．Music is playing in the background.D．Factory workers produce 13 percent more.E．Muzak tends to help people understand music better.F．They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.G．Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.3. Habits in RussiaThere is an old saying that says when in Rome, do as the Romans do. I learned the meaning of this when I stayed in Russia as a visiting scholar(学者).One day I invited some of my Chinese friends to a famous local restaurant in Moscow. My guests and I were excited about our meeting. We hada lively talk until the waiter told me that we were too loud. We lowered our voices. 1 The waiter came over to us two more times with the same message.How bad an impression(印象) we must have left on the local people! In China, it’s natural for a host(主人) to make a lively atmosphere(氛围). However, in Russia and Western countries, having a meal in a public place means you must keep your voice low. 2I felt bad about this. 34 My Russian friend Andrew always looks around and thinks for a while before leaving home. I asked him why he did this. Andrew said,“In Russia, people always spend about a minute going over things and plans in their minds before leaving home. So they won’t leave anything necessary behind.”5 I like to keep my eyes and mind open.A．But this didn’t last long.B．Russians have their own special habits, too.C．Russian people are usually careful and polite.D．You need to be polite to others.E．Luckily, people in Russia usually don’t mind that.F．Even though we tried our best, it’s very difficult to fight against habits.G．Finding the differences between cultures is so much fun.4. As we know, there are differences between Western culture and Chinese culture. 1 Let’s look at some words about animals and plants .Most expressions in Chinese about the dog, for example, “a homeless dog”, “a mad dog”, “a running dog” and “a dog catching a mouse”, have bad meanings. 2 In English, people use the dog to describe good actions. For example, “you are a lucky dog” means you are a lucky person. And “every dog has its day” means each person has good luck sometimes.3 But in Western culture, “cat” is often used to describe a woman who is unkind. There are many other examples of how “cat” is used differently as well.4 People think the rose stands for love, peace, courage and friendship. And the rose is the national flowers of England, America and many other countries.5 We can learn about many differences in cultures by comparing how some words are used.A．However, Chinese love cats very much.B．Westerners love roses very much, while Chinese like peonies(牡丹).C．We can see differences when we pay attention to the way words are used.D．We can see similarities when we pay attention to the way words are used.E．The words about plants and animals are used in good or bad ways in different cultures.F．The rose is regarded as a symbol of love in both China and some Western countries.G．But in Western countries, dogs are considered to be honest and good friends of humans.5. Where do fruits and vegetables come from? When we go to the grocery store, there are shelves of carrots, lettuce, and broccoli. All of this produce comes from farms. Sometimes those farms are very far away. 1 The lettuce could be grown in Mexico. Trucks, ships, and pianes bring food from all over the world to a grocery store near you.But there are also farms close by. 2 His name was Barry Benepe, and he lived in New Y ork City. Grocery stores in New Y ork bought their vegetables from far away and didn’t want to buy vegetables from the nearby farms. Barry knew there had to be a way to sell local vegetables to New Yorkers. “What if the farmers could bring the vegetables to the city themselves?” he asked.3 At first the government had doubts. It wasn’t sure New Y orkers would care enough to buy the vegetables from local farmers instead of the grocery store. But Barry convinced the city officials, and they agreed to help. The new farmers’ market was called a “Greenmarket”.“The success of the market is touching and smelling the fruits and vegetables,” said Barry. New Y orkers agreed. 4 By 2013, New Y ork City had 54 farmers’ markets. They were in every part of the city and on every day of the week.Now the farmers’ markets in New Y ork City don’t just sell vegetables and fruits. 5 All of the foods at the farmers’ markets still come from farms that are close by. Not only does this help the farmers, it makes less pollution.A．Barry took his idea to the city government.B．However, people didn’t like the idea of buying local foods.C．What’s more, people were tired of going out and searching foods.D．They loved the Greenmarket so much that they wanted more farmers’ markets.E．For example, many of the grapes sold in the US are grown in South America.F．You can also buy meat, bread, yogurt, eggs, milk, vegetables and pastries.G．In the 1970s one man thought that we should be eating more food from local farms.6. It is reported that some developed countries have shipped broken parts of computers to China. 1 Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones sent from Japan.2 Dealing with them is not an easy job because dangerous poisons like mercury(汞) and lead(铅) can be found in them. Every time an old computer breaks down it needs to be dealt with safely. But at present broken computer parts are usually buried.3 Many places in China are polluted by ewaste.4 This town is named as the ewaste capital of the world. It has to deal with 1.5 million kilograms of ewaste each year from which it makes 75 million yuan. But it comes at a cost. Many of the poisons in ewaste find their way into the environment. Plastic is burned outdoors and chemical water is poured into rivers. Greenpeace, an environmental group, has found the air, the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted.The Chinese government wants to develop a way that doesn’t do harm to the environment and people’s life. This year China passed a new environmental protection law which is the strictest one we have ever had. Computer companies like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers. 5 Hopefully the problem with ewaste will be solved in the near future.A．Many people in Guangdong Province make money by dealing with ewaste.B．This is because the companies that make computers know best how to deal with them safely.C．Such a thing can be found almost every day although it is against international laws.D．Guiyu in Guangdong Province is one of them.E．It may be hundreds of years before they are really gone in the earth.F．The electronic waste is harmful to the environment.G．Things like these are called electronic waste or ewaste.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。