李长栓《非文学翻译理论与实践》第2版翻译示例汇总(译文臃肿和减肥方法)【圣才出品】

李长栓《非文学翻译理论与实践》第2版翻译示例汇总第7章译文臃肿和减肥方法7.1.1时态表达方法汉语中的“现在”、“过去”、“未来”、“已经”等表示时态的词翻译为英语时往往省略，代之以英语动词形式的变化。

1.现在我们总比过去好得多。

【译文】Anyway,things are much better than before.(《邓小平文选》)2.又比如上海，目前完全有条件搞得更快一点。

【译文】Shanghai is another example.It has all the necessary conditions for faster progress.(《邓小平文选》)3.当前，全世界都在关注着我国的改革。

【译文】The whole world is watching the reforms in our country.(《邓小平文选》) 4.未来经济发展在很大程度上取决于……【译文】the development of our economy will depend to a large extent on【解析】将来时态will足以表示将来的意思，不用再说in the future。

5.过去两个超级大国主宰世界，现在情况变了。

【译文】The world used to be dominated by two superpowers.Now things have changed.(《邓小平文选》)6.过去没有人知道淮河是能够徒涉的……【译文】Nobody had ever known that one could walk across the Huaihe.(《邓小平文选》)7.1.2数的表达方法汉语中许多复数概念可以转化为英语的复数形式。

1.我们应当采取一系列措施，确保……【译文】we should adopt measures to ensure that...【解析】Measure的复数形式已经包含一系列的意思，不用再说a series of2.在这一时期，多种物资的供应严重缺乏。

【译文】Throughout this period,there was severe supplies shortage.3.深入实际工作对于找到各种问题的解决办法十分重要。

【译文】To solve problems,it is important that you plunge yourself into practical work.4.第二个内容是权力要下放，解决中央和地方的关系，同时地方各级也都有一个权力下放问题。

(《邓小平文选》)【译文】Second,we should transfer some of the powers of the central authorities to local authorities in order to straighten out relations between the two.At the same time,local authorities should likewise transfer some of their power to lower levels.7.1.3例外情况1.我们要精兵简政，真正下放权力，扩大社会主义民主，把人民群众和基层组织的积极性调动起来。

现在机构不是减少了，而是增加了。

设立许多公司，实际是官办机构，用公司的形式把放给下面的权又收了上来。

(《邓小平文选》)【译文】We must streamline the administration,delegate real powers to lower levelsand broaden the scope of socialist democracy,so as to bring into play the initiative of the masses and the grass—roots organizations.At present,the number of organizations,instead of being reduced,has actually increased.Many companies have been established that are actually government organs.Through these companies people at higher levels have taken back the powers already delegated to lower levels.2.要理顺各种经济关系需要几年时间。

【译文】It will take some years to straighten out the relations between the various economic sectors.(《邓小平文选》)3.前两年我们曾指出各级领导上存在着软弱涣散的状况，对严重刑事犯罪分子下不了手也是一种表现。

【译文】Two years ago I pointed out that many leaders at various levels were weak and lax,as was shown by their tender-heartedness in dealing with persons guilty of grave criminal offences.(《邓小平文选》)7.2.1动词性重复1.问题是：从医学上讲，哪些工作是有传染扩散艾滋病危险的工作，这些工作为什么有传染扩散艾滋病危险，这些工作通过什么途径或方式传染扩散艾滋病，在这些出自政府卫生行政部门的法律文件中，均未予以说明。

【译文】The problem is，from a medical point of view,what are the iobs that could spread AIDS?Why and how?These questions are not answered in the legal documents of the health administrative authorities.2.1986年，国家教育委员会、卫生部文件：外国留学生和研究学者，须做艾滋病检查，对坚持不接受检查，且劝说无效的，不得安排学习。

【译文】The1986document of the State Education Commission and MOH states: foreign students researchers,and scholars must undergo an AIDS test;persons who refuse and cannot be persuaded to do so may not be accepted for studies.3.“文化大革命”十年浩劫，中国吃了苦头。

中国吃苦头不只这十年，这以前，从一九五七年下半年开始，我们就犯了“左”的错误。

【译文】China suffered greatly from the ten-year disaster,the“cultural revolution”. In fact,not just from that:as early as the second half of l957we began to make “Left”mistakes.(《邓小平文选》)7.2.2名词性重复7.2.2.1用代词照应1.以往主流社会的意识形态以及一些不恰当的宣传，加大了艾滋病恐慌及人们对艾滋病病人和艾滋病病毒感染者的厌恶，而无助于预防和控制艾滋病。

【译文】In the past,mainstream mindsets and misleading information about AIDS increased the public’s fear of the disease and prejudice against its victims,all of which impeded its prevention and control.its是与AIDS有关的代词；the disease是AIDS的上义词。

2.最后，20年来，中国发生了很大的变化，包括中国的权力系统和中国的法律制度，但是，发生在中国的权力系统和法律制度方面的变化却并没有像有些人说得那么大，甚至可以说，在这方面没有发生本质性的变化，这就是中国官方说的“政治体制改革滞后”的问题。

【译文】Lastly,many changes have taken place in China in the past20years, including those in the power structure and legal system.However,such changes are not as great as some people have claimed.1would even argue that they are not fundamental.In the official language,“political system reform is lagging.”7.2.2.2省略修饰语1.顾问委员会怎样做工作，总的说就是要按照新的党章办事。

党章规定，中央顾问委员会是中央委员会的政治上的助手和参谋。

(《邓小平文选》)【译文】As far as the work of the Central Advisory Commission is concerned,its general functions are set forth in the new Constitution of the Communist Party of China.According to the Party Constitution,the members of the Commission are to act as political assistants and consultants to the Central Committee.7.2.2.3用其他名词作总结1.坚持“经济建设必须依靠科学技术，科学技术工作必须面向经济建设”的原则，促进科技与经济的有机结合。

【译文】We must ensure that development of the economy is based on science and technology and that development of science and technology be based on the needs of the economy.The two aspects must be well harmonised.2.新中国诞生以后，我国的社会保障工作就在党和国家的领导下开展起来了，50年代的政府工作文件中用过“社会保障”这一称谓。