book3 unit4 重点词汇讲解解析

Book3Unit41.determined adj.有决心的;意志坚定的*However,some scientists were determined to help humans realize their dream to explore space. *Determined to look after his parents well,he moved to live with them.*No matter what happens,she has determined to tell the truth.*I have determined on being an astronaut after graduation.【词块积累】(1)be determined to do sth决心做某事(2)determine vt.确定;下定决心determine to do sth决定做某事determine on/upon(doing)sth决定……determine that...决定……(3)determination n.决心;决定【即学活用】(1)语法填空。

①His__________(determine)look suggested that he wouldn’t change his mind.②___________(determine)to train his daughter in English,he found an English teacher for his daughter.③It takes hard work and_____________(determine)to reach the goals that we want to achieve.(2)Sandra____________(决定)become a doctor and her persistence paid off.(3)She_______________________________(决心)keep a journal.2.disappointed adj.失望的;沮丧的*He was disappointed that other guests were not coming.*I’m really disappointed with/in you,Tom.*I was disappointed at not finding her at home.*After his attempt,Campbell was disappointed to learn that his average speed had been299miles per hour.【词块积累】(1)be disappointed that...对……感到失望be disappointed at/by sth.对某事感到失望be disappointed in/with sb.对某人失望be disappointed to do sth.因做……而感到失望(2)disappoint vt.使失望(3)disappointment n.失望;沮丧to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是(4)disappointing adj.令人失望的;令人扫兴的【即学活用】语法填空。

Book3 Unit4 单元笔记词性转换：1.mental adj. 精神的；思想的mentally adv. 精神上；心理上2.intelligent adj. 智能的；聪明的intelligence n. 智力；智慧；理解力3.universe n. 宇宙；世界；领域universal adj.普遍的;通用的;宇宙的universally adv.普遍地4.determine v. 决定；确定；判定determined adj. 坚决的determination n. 决心5.disappoint v. 使失望disappointing adj. 令人失望的disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的disappointment n. 失望；沮丧6.independent adj. 独立的；单独的independently adv. 独立地independence n. 独立性；自主7.signal v./n. 发信号；信号signature n. 签名；信号signify v. 表示；预示8.recycle v. 使再循环recyclable adj. 可再循环的recycling n. 回收利用ck n./v. 缺乏；不足lacking adj. 缺乏的；不足的10.current adj. 现在的；流通的currently adv. 当前；一般地currency n. 通货；货币11.globe n. 地球；球体global adj. 全球的；球状的globally adv. 全球地；全局地12.argue v. 争论；辩论argument n. 论证；论据；争吵13.analysis n. 分析；分解analyse v. 分析；分解；视察14.regular adj. 经常的；定期的;有规律的regularly adv. 定期地；有规律地15.limit v. 限制；限定limited adj. 有限的limiting adj. 限制的；局限的16.close v. 关闭；合上；不开放closed adj. 关着的；不公开的closing adj.结尾的;结束的n.停业;关闭17.attach v. 附加；附属；贴上attached adj. 附加的；依恋的attachment n. 附件；依恋重点短语：1.carry on (with sth.)继续进行某事2.on board在船上3.in the hope of doing sth.希望做某事4.so as to (do sth.) 为了（做某事）5.solar system 太阳系6.figure out 解决；算出；了解7.result in 导致；结果是8.as a result 因此9.as a result of 由于；因为10.provide （sth.）for sb.赡养某人；提供生计11.in closing最后12.run out (of)用完；耗尽13.mental health 心理健康14.be determined to do sth. 决心做某事15.be disappointed at/about/with sth.对...感到失望16.be beyond sb. 超越某人17.be sufficient to do sth. 足以做某事18.be keen on doing sth. 热衷于做某事19.be keen to do sth. 渴望做某事20.be independent of 不依赖；不受...支配21.satisfy one’s desire to do sth.满足某人做某事的愿望22.carry out/do an analysis of对....进行分析23.a signal for sb. to do sth.给某人做某事的信号24.for lack of 因缺乏25.argue with sb. about/over sth.与某人争论某事26.attach sth. to sth. 把某物系在...上27.attach importance/ significance to sth.重视....的重要性重点句子：1.Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space. 尤里.加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。

必修三Unit 4 Astronomy：the Science Of The Stars天文学:恒星的科学No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago。

由于地球的产生是那么的久远，所以没有人确切知道地球是怎样产生的。

【注释：as it happened 碰巧 eg. They were all out, as it happened.真巧，他们全出去了。

】However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang”that threw matter in all directions。

然而，根据一个广泛接受的理论，宇宙开始于一次“创世大爆炸”，该爆炸将物质抛向各个方向。

【注释：in all directions四面八方；各个方向 eg. The birds flew away in all directions when he fired a salute with a“bang”.当他“砰”的一声鸣礼炮时，鸟飞向各个方向。

】 After that, atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies。

之后，原子开始形成,并结合形成恒星和其他物体。

For several billion years after the “Big Bang”, the earth was still just a cloud of dust。

就在“宇宙大爆炸”之后的几十亿年间，地球依然是一团尘埃.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4。

5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe。

人教版高中英语必修三（Book 3 Unit 4)Unit 4 Astronomy：The science of the stars1. spread vt.&vi. 展开,铺开;散布;扩大;延伸The bird spread its wings. 那只鸟展开了翅膀。

Flies spread disease. 苍蝇传播疾病。

常用结构:spread sth. with sth. 用……抹/涂/铺……spread ...on ...把……抹/涂/铺在……be spread for摆好（桌子）准备spread oneself\[口\]舒展四肢(躺下)spread out张开，伸开，铺开，展开，伸长单项填空Paper making began in China and _____________to Europe.A. SpreadB. grewC. CarriedD. developed解析:选A。

句意为：造纸术起源于中国，又传播到了欧洲。

spread传播。

2. method n. 方法He has introduced a new method of teaching.他引进了一种新的教学方法。

What is the most effective method of birth control?控制出生率的最有效的方法是什么？联想拓展by this means=in this way=with this method 用这种方法易混辨析method/meansmethod侧重"理论方法"，指做某事的具体步骤或程序。

a new teaching method一种新的教学方法means（单复数同形）侧重"通过手段"或"利用工具"去达到某种目的。

选词填空(method/means)（原创）①The quickest of travel _____________is by plane.②She has a very scientific _____________of dealing with political problems. 答案：①means②method3. harmful adj. 有害的常用结构:do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 对某人有害mean no harm 无意伤害别人;没有恶意harm one's image/reputation 损害某人的形象/名声do more harm than good 弊大于利There is no harm in (sb's) doing sth.=It does no harm (for sb.) to do sth. (某人) 做某事无害处be harmful to 对……有害harm n.&v. 损害，伤害Smoking is harmful to your health. 吸烟有害健康。

Unit 4 Challenging Yourself Ⅱ话题词汇1．balance n．平衡2．strength n．长处；力量3．healthy adj.健康的4．energy n．精力；活力5．positive adj.积极的6．keepsb.fit/healthy使某人保持健康7．win...back赢回8．takeregularexercise进行有规律的运动9．keepagoodmood保持乐观心态10．removeheavyburdens减轻负担话题佳作假设你是李华，收到好朋友王明的来信。

他在信上提到他挑食，吃饭不规律以及爱吃快餐等，现在经常头晕，请求你的帮助。

请你给他回信并提出相应的劝告。

佳作欣赏DearWangMing，Howareyoudoing？I’vereceivedyourletter.I’msorrytohear thatyou’realwaysfeelingdizzy.Maybeit’s becauseyoudon’teatproperly.Inmyopinion，youshouldn’tbepickyaboutfood，becausethismaypreventyoufromtakinginvariousmineralsthatyourbodyneeds.Besides，nothavingregularmealsmayresultinstomachtrouble.Soyoushouldhaveregularmeals.Asfo rjunkfood，itcontainslessnutritionthanvegetablesorfruit，anditmaycausemanydiseasesevencancer，so，forthesakeof yourhealth，stayawayfrom junkfood.Inaword，ifyouwanttostayhealthy，youshouldhaveabalanceddiet.AndIhopetohearyoufeelbettersoon.Bestwishes!Yourssincerely，LiHua 名师点睛通览全文，要点齐全，结构合理，语言严谨。

话题词汇1．universe n．宇宙2．space n．太空3．spaceship/spacecraft n．宇宙飞船4．astronaut n．宇航员5．orbit n．轨道6．star n．恒星7．haveagreateffecton对……有很大影响8．makeagreatdifference起很大作用；产生很大影响9．changeone’slife改变某人的生活10．benefitfrom得益于，从……获益经典语篇BEIJING，June20 ()—About330primaryandmiddleschoolstudentsataBeijinghighschoolareeagerlywai tingfortheirteachertobeginaclassfromthespaceonThursdaymorning.Thespeciallecturewillbegininafewminutes，givenbyfemaleastronautWangYaping，oneofthethreecrewmembersofShenzhou-10spacecraft，throughalivevideofeedsystem.ThestudentsaregatheringattheHighSchoolAffiliatedtoRenminUniversityinBeijing.Beforethecla ss，theyfirstwatchedashortfilmaboutthelifeofChineseastronautsonboardofTiangong-1orbiter，whichdockedwithShenzhou-10onJune13.Morethan60millionstudentsandteachersatabout80,000middleschoolsacrossthecountrywillalsow atchthelivebroadcastoftheclassonTV.Wangwillteachaboutmotioninamicrogravityenvironment，thesurfacetensionofliquid，andhelpstudentsunderstandtheconceptsofweightandmassandNewton’sLaws.写作内容1．请用约30个词概括上面的文章。

高一英语Book3 Unit4知识点复习出题人：张凌云一、词性转换二、英汉互译1. _____________ n 系统；体系；制度15. astronomy n._____________2. _____________ n 宗教；宗教信仰16.carbon n. _____________3. _____________n 蒸气；水蒸气17.acid n._____________4. _____________ v溶解；解散18. fundamental adj. _____________5. _____________n 链子；连锁；锁链19. atom n. _______________6. _____________ adv 失重地20. multiply vt.＆vi. _____________7. _____________adj 温和的；文雅的21. oxygen n._____________8. _____________ n 小屋；船舱22.dioxide n. _____________9. _____________ adj 灭绝的；绝种的23. gravity n._____________10. _____________ n 大气层；气氛24. climate n. _____________11. ____________n 存在；生存25. comet n _______________12. _____________adj 全球性的；全世界的26. dinosaur n. _____________.13. ____________adv 因此；于是27. mammal n. __ _____________14. _____________v 碰撞；坠落28.amphibian n ________________三、重点词组1.及时做某事；终于_________________________________________________________________2.下蛋________________________________________________________________________3.轮到某人；接着______________________________________________________________4.阻止；制止______________________________________________________________5.感到高兴；感到振奋______________________________________________________6.既然____________________________________________________________________7.熟悉；掌握；理解________________________________________________________8.突发；爆发______________________________________________________________9.密切注视；当心；提防_____________________________________________________10.挡住（光线）_____________________________________________________________11.理论上地_________________________________________________________________12.家庭暴力_________________________________________________________________13.决不(time) ________________________________________________________________14.是……的基础，对……是必不可少的_________________________________________15.有某人……在场________________________________________________________________16.对……有害________________________________________________________________17.把A和B相乘_____________________________________________________________18.解雇某人__________________________________________________________________19.存在于……之中____________________________________________________________20.开始存在(existence)__________________________________________________________21.一种广泛接受的理论_______-________________________________________________22.一团尘埃___________________________________________________________________23.固体的地球_________________________________________________________________24.连锁反应___________________________________________________________________25.使生命发展成为可能__________________________________________________________四、语法填空１.No one knows exactly______________ the earth began, as it happened so long ago.２.However, according to a widely___________________ theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang”that threw matter in all directions.(accept)３.The earth became so violent that it was not clear _________________ the shape would last or not.４.They were in time ______________________ carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earth’s atmosphere.(produce)５.What is even more important is ________________ as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.６.It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental___________ the development of life. ７.These animals were different from all life forms in the past, ____________________ they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them.８.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, ________________________ prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.９.So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years ________________________will depend on whether this problem can be solved.(come)10.____________________________does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.(walk)高一英语Book3 Unit4知识点复习出题人：张凌云二、英汉互译1. _______system_______ n 系统；体系；制度15. astronomy n.__天文学_______2. ____religion_________ n 宗教；宗教信仰16.carbon n. __碳___________3. ___vapour__________n 蒸气；水蒸气17.acid n.___酸__________4. __dissolve___________ v溶解；解散18. fundamental adj. ___基本的______5. ___chain__________n 链子；连锁；锁链19. atom n. ___原子__________6. ___weightlessly______ adv 失重地20. multiply vt.＆vi. __乘，增加______7. ____gentle_________adj 温和的；文雅的21. oxygen n.____氧气___________8. _____cabin________ n 小屋；船舱22.dioxide n. ___二氧化物________9. ____extinct_________ adj 灭绝的；绝种的23. gravity n.__重力___________10. ____atmosphere_____ n 大气层；气氛24. climate n. ___气候__________11. ____existence________n 存在；生存25. comet n ___彗星___________12. ___global__________adj 全球性的；全世界的26. dinosaur n. ____恐龙_________.13. ____thus________adv 因此；于是27. mammal n. _ __哺乳动物______14. ____crash_________v 碰撞；坠落28.amphibian n __两栖动物______三、重点词组1.及时；终于做某事__________in time for sth/to do sth_____________2.下蛋_____________lay eggs___________________________3.轮到某人；接着________in one’s turn__________________4.阻止；制止___________prevent sb from doing sth_____________5.感到高兴；感到振奋___________cheer up____________________6.既然_____________now that_______________________________7.熟悉；掌握；理解______get the hang of _________________________8.突发；爆发___________break out____________________________9.密切注视；当心；提防______watch out (for)_______________________10.挡住（光线）________block out___________________________11.理论上地________in theory______________________________12.家庭暴力________domestic violence_________________13.决不(time) _________at no time___________________________14.是……的基础，对……是必不可少的___be fundamental to______15.有某人……在场______in the presence of sb____________________________16.对……有害________be harmful to______________________17.把A和B相乘______multiply A by B/multiply A and B together________18.解雇某人__________lay sb off____________________________19.存在于……之中_____exist in/lie in________________________20.开始存在(existence)______come into existence________________21.一种广泛接受的理论_______a widely accepted theory______22.一团尘埃_____a cloud of dust________________23.形成一个固体的地球______settle into a solid globe_______________24.连锁反应_____a chain reaction____________________________25.使生命发展成为可能___make it possible for life to develop______四、语法填空1.No one knows exactly____how_ the earth began, as it happened so long ago.2.However, according to a widely__accepted___theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threwmatter in all directions.(accept)3.The earth became so violent that it was not clear ___whether__ the shape would last or not.4.They were in time __to produce__ carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to makethe earth’s atmosphere.(produce)5.What is even more important is _that__ as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.6.It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental____to___ the development of life.7.These animals were different from all life forms in the past, ___because________ they gave birth toyoung baby animals and produced milk to feed them.8.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, ______which_____prevents heat fromescaping from the earth into space.9.So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years __to come____will depend on whetherthis problem can be solved.(come)10.__Walking___does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.(walk)。