北京市各区2018届高三二模英语试卷-作文

2018年北京市朝阳区高三二模试卷英语2018.5（考试时间100分钟满分120分)本试卷共10页。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. ______, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it ornot答案是D。

1. Come here, Mary. If you stand at this angle, you ______ just see the sunset.A. mustB. needC. canD. should2. The book is now out of print, ______ it can easily be borrowed from libraries.A. andB. forC. soD. but3. ______ an opposing idea effectively, you can use the following words and phrases.A. To expressB. ExpressingC. ExpressedD. Being expressed4. Sometimes tests are needed ______ doctors discover exactly what’s wrong with your body.A. sinceB. beforeC. althoughD. if5. It gives us great delight ______ Chinese science fictions are becoming increasingly popular.A. howB. whatC. thatD. why6. The boy is having a fever. You’d better damp a towel and lay it ______ his forehead.A. acrossB. withinC. throughD. beyond7. Just an hour ago he told me on the phone that he ______ home right after his work.A. has comeB. comesC. cameD. would come8. We really appreciate our learning environment, ______ we can have direct communication.A. whomB. whichC. whereD. when9. ______ the difference between the two findings is one of the worst mistakes you’ve made.A. IgnoredB. IgnoringC. To ignoreD. Having ignored10. ––You seem to be familiar with this city.—I ______ here for three years. It’s so great to be back.A. livedB. had livedC. have livedD. live11. I wish I ______ photography then. If so, I could give you a hand at present.A. studiedB. had studiedC. have studiedD. will study12. The girl’s eyes brightened when she saw the birthday present she ______.A. would promiseB. had promisedC. would be promisedD. had been promised13. If you leave this application form and go to another website, you will lose ______ youhave already filled out on this form.A. whateverB. whoeverC. whereverD. whenever14. In the library you can use your own computer to connect to Wi-Fi specially _____ for readers.A. preparingB. to prepareC. preparedD. prepare15. ––The small restaurant is always crowded in every part.––That’s ______ it has a unique dining environment and quite a few wonderful dishes.A. whyB. becauseC. whereD. when第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

北京市西城区2018届高三统测(二模)英语试题2018.5本试卷共9页，共120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1. —Ted’s flight from Amsterdam took more than 11 hours. He _____ be very tired after such along trip.—Yes, especially after working all night before the flight.A. mustB. needC. mightD. dare2. _____ there is still a long way to go, we believe that the doctor-patient relationship in China is gradually improving.A. BecauseB. UnlessC. AlthoughD. Once3. A new engineer was appointed to deal with the products _____ by customers.A. returningB. returnedC. to returnD. return4. Astronomers have discovered that three planets have sizes and temperatures similar to _____ of Earth.A. themB. theseC. thoseD. ones5. —Honey, shall we adopt a dog?—Adopting a pet depends on _____ we have the ability to care for it. Actually, we are so busy.A. thatB. whetherC. whichD. what6. _____ your strengths and weaknesses will help you achieve your dreams.A. KnownB. KnowC. KnowingD. Being known7. —Mom, is Dad coming to pick us up?—Yes, I am sure he _____ on the platform when we pull into the station.A. standsB. stoodC. has stoodD. will be standing8. With a science project _____, Kevin spent his entire weekend in the library.A. to completeB. having completedC. completingD. completed9. The moment _____ I learned the results of the competition was one of the happiest times in my life.A. whichB. whenC. whereD. why10. Last year, every employee in our company _____ a physical examination free of charge.A. offeredB. was offeredC. has offeredD. had been offered11. —It’s so convenient to use cell phones to pay the subway fare.—Yes. _____ thought of the idea is really brilliant.A. WhereverB. WheneverC. WhateverD. Whoever12. Upon arriving home, Lily found that her husband _____ a beautiful candlelight dinner.A. had preparedB. is preparingC. has preparedD. would prepare13. When _____, the new bridge will reduce travel time between the two cities from two hours tothirty minutes.A. builtB. buildingC. buildD. to build14. If it had not been for the kind guide, we _____ our way in the mountains.A. would loseB. had lostC. would have lostD. lost15. —By the time we _____ to the movie theater, the tickets may be sold out.—Don’t worry. I told Jane we might be late and she will buy our tickets.A. gotB. had gotC. will getD. get第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

北京通州⾼三⼆模英语试题试卷练习含答案解析2018通州2018年⾼三综合练习（⼆模）英语2018.5 本试卷共10页，共120分。

考试时长100分钟。

第⼀部分：知识运⽤（共两节，45分）第⼀节单项填空（共15⼩题；每⼩题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填⼊空⽩处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂⿊。

例：It’s so nice to hear from her again., we last met more than thirty years ago.A．What’s more B．That’s to sayC．In other words D．Believe it or not答案是D。

1. —Oh, no! I haven’t got my camera!—But you it just now to take photos.A. useB. have usedC. usedD. would use2. Happy Homes is a local organization offers home repairs for needy people.A. whoseB. whatC. whereD. which3. China will improve services foreign talent to work in the country.A. attractB. attractingC. to attractD. attracted4. Her heart stopped three times, the doctor’s brought her back to life.A. whileB. butC. forD. or5. The sweater will get ruined if it in a clothes drier.A. driesB. is driedC. will dry6. —Can I help you?—Yes. I wonder I could change the running shoes. They’re too tight.A. ifB. thatC. whatD. why7. The company promised they immediate action to fix the quality problems.A. have takenB. tookC. would takeD. were taking8. Famous paintings will be put on show in a new building especially for the collection.A. buildB. buildingC. to buildD. built9. Good neighbors are like water: we don’t know how mu ch we depend on them we lose them.A. untilB. thoughC. unlessD. because10. —Waiter, this isn’t what I ordered.—Oh, sorry. I have confused the orders. I’ll check it.A. needB. wouldC. mustD. should11. In many countries with sea coasts, human waste is piped directly into the seawithout .A. treatingB. being treatedC. to treatD. to be treated12. Clean Up Australia Day annually since 1989, growing bigger every year.B. was heldC. is heldD. has been held13. A good diet is necessary for those want to have a healthy body.A. whoB. whatC. whereD. which14. The writer’s early works were filmed black and white.A. atB. overC. onD. in15. I wished I the tickets earlier because the cost I paid nearly doubled.A. bookedB. had bookedC. were to bookD. should have booked第⼆节完形填空（共20⼩题；每⼩题1.5分，共30分）阅读下⾯短⽂，掌握其⼤意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂⿊。

2018年海淀高三二模英语试题北京海淀区高三二模英语试题英语第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）1. ----Excuse me, sir. Can you spare me a dollar _________ I can buy this book?----Sure, no problem.A. forB. soC. butD. or2. I need help now! I have to fix a leaking pipe in my bathroom but I’m not sure ______to begin.A. whatB. whichC. whereD. when3. Personally speaking, ________the grand blueprint into reality is a long process.A. turningB. turnC. turnedD. having turned4. I _____up my mind what I was going to say in the seminar, but it was cancelled.A. have madeB. had madeC. was makingD. would make5. Y ou don’t need an invitation to help others. Give help _____you are asked.A. ifB. asC. thoughD. before6. By now 516 Confucius Institutes ______in 142would happen D. would have happened 12. ________some people criticize graffiti for begin ugly and destructive, those graffiti lovers still see it as real art.A. AsB. WhileC. OnceD. Until13. ---How was your vacation in Seattle?---Pretty good. In the evenings I __________ to pubs to enjoy beer.A. have goneB. goC. had goneD. went14. _______naturally by the skin when exposed to sunlight, Vitamin D is needed for healthy bones, teeth and muscles.A. MakingB. To makeC. MadeD. Make15. This view is common _________ all sections of the community.A. acrossB. aboveC. aroundD. along1. B2. C3. A4. B5. D6. C7. A8. D9. C 10. D11. A 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）Double TroubleWhen I was eight, I wanted a toy and needed $10 to buy it. But, as usual, I was broken. I decided to ask my 11-year-old sister, Kathleen, for a loan. I went to her room, 16 her for the cash. Laughing, she agreed to 17 me the money, but added, “I wi ll charge you 10 percent compound interest every 18 until you pay me back.”“Compound interest---what’s that?” I asked.“Well, interest is what you call the19 money borrowers have to pay back on a loan,” she explained. “Compound interest means that the interest payments get bigger and bigger the 20 you take to pay back the loan. To repay the loan, you will need to give me $11 after one month. If you wait two months to pay me back, your 21 will grow from $10 to $11. So I’ll be charging you intere st on $11. Then I will add that interest to the $11 you already owe me, for a 22 of $12.10. That’s what you’ll owe after two months.”“Sure. I get it,” I said. Though truthfully, I was getting 23 .Kathleen lent me the money, and I bought the toy.My birthday came a month later, and my mom gave me $10. 24 ,that was just the amount I needed to buy another toy I wanted 25 . I put off paying my sister for a month. After another month, I 26 about the loan.Several months later, on Christmas morning, my sister and I each found a $02 bill in our stockings. I was just putting it into my pocket 27 Kathleen tapped me on the shoulder.“Sorry, kiddo. That’s mine. I’m 28 on your debt.”“Huh?” Then I remembered the loan. “Hey! How can it be that much? I 29 borrowed $10.”“True,” she said, “but interest has been compounding for eight months. Now you 30 me $21.43.” She paused, then added. “Y ou can pay me the $1.43.”I 31 to believe that a $10 loan could more than double so quickly. Much to my 32 , my sister got her pencil and tablet and showed me exactly how it all added up.My head 33 as I tried to keep track of Kathleen’s 34 , but this time, I got the basic idea of compound interest. I 35 the hard way thatborrowing money can be “double trouble” in no time.16. A. blaming B. begging C. searching D. preparing17. A. pay B. send C. lendD. hand18. A. month B. year C. weekD. day19. A. little B. same C. enoughD. extra20. A. shorter B. longer C. moreD. less21. A. cash B. saving C. noteD. debt22. A. total B. cost C. numberD. bill23. A. encouraged B. shocked C. confused D. satisfied24. A. Gradually B. Obviously C. Unfortunately D. Hopefully25. A. seriously B. anxiously C. secretlyD. desperately26. A. forgot B. knew C. talkedD. cared27. A. after B. until C. whileD. when28. A. carrying B. collecting C. relyingD. focusing29. A. normally B. nearly C. onlyD. really30. A. owe B. offer C. takeD. give31. A. decided B. refused C. pretendedD. managed32. A. relief B. delight C. annoyanceD. regret33. A. turned B. nodded C. stuckD. hurt34. A. calculations B. excuses C. directions D. discoveries35. A. explored B. learned C. explainedD. questioned16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32.C 33.D 34. A 35. B第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）AMy First Day of SchoolFear started taking over, I was walking into my first school in America. I had traveled a long distance from India in order to join my parents, who had been for three years, hoping America would help my future. My father decided that I would be better off going to school here, so I enrolled(登记)in the local high school in my new town.I was afraid how I would do. On the first day, I went to my second period class after I had missed my first. With anxiety, I reached for the door, opening it slowly. Without paying attention to my classmates, I went straight to the teacher and asked if this was the right class. With a soft voice he answered. “Yes.” His voice comforted me a little. He gave me a sheet called Course Requirements, which I would never get in India because we didn’t have anything like that. Then he asked me to choose where I would sit. I didn’t actually want to pick a seat. In India we had fixed seats, so I never needed to worry about that. I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the image produced by the overhead projector. In Indian schools, we didn’t use the technology we had. We had to take notes as the teacher spoke.It was noon. I was very confused about when Iwould have lunch. I went to my next class and the bell rang as I entered. I went through the regular process of asking the teacher if I was in the right class. She said, “It’s still fourth period.”“But the bell just rang,” I said.Changing from a gentle tone to a harsher(刺耳的)one, she said, “That is the lunch bell, young man.”I apologized. Without another word I headed for the cafeteria. I felt lucky because we didn’t have this in India. Every confusion seemed like a barrier I had to get through to reach my goal. At the end of the day, I was on my way to the bus which we didn’t have in India either. I spotted my bus and sat down inside happily. I was thinking, today wasn’t o bad.36. The author attended an American high school because _______.A. his father preferred American schoolsB. his family wanted him to have a bright futureC. his mother had worked in it for 3 yearsD. he had been longing to leave his homeland37. What do we know about the author's first day of school?A. He went to the wrong class for the second periodB. He met some enthusiastic teachers and classmatesC. He got the Course Requirements sheet from his classmateD. He experienced differences from the Indian schools in many ways38.How did the author feel at the end of the day?A. WorriedB. PuzzledC. RelievedD. Excited36. B 37. D 38. CBWhy do you go to the library? For books, yes--but you like books because they tell stories. Y ou hope to get lost in a story or be transported into someone else's life. At one type of library, you can do just that--even though there's not a single book.At a Human Library, instead of books, you can “borrow” people. Individuals volunteer as human “books” and participants in the event can “read” the book--meaning they would have a one-on-one conversation with the volunteer and share in a dialogue about that individual's experience. “Books” are volunteers from all walks of life who have experienced discrimination (歧视) based on race,religion, class, gender identity, age, lifestyle choices, disability and other aspects of their lifeFor a certain amount of time, you can ask them questions and listen to their stories, which are as fascinating and as attractive as any you can find in a book. Many of the stories have to do with some kind of stereotype. Y ou can speak with a refugee (难民), a soldier suffering from PTSD, a homeless person or a woman living with HIV. The Human Library encourages people to challenge their own long-held beliefs-to truly get to know, and learn from someone they might otherwise make a quick judgment about.According to its website, the Human Library is “a place where difficult questions are expected, appreciated and answered.”It provides the opportunity for the community to share and understand the experiences of others in their community.The Human Library Organization came to be in Copenhagen, Denmark in 2000. Ronni Abergel, his brother Dany, and some colleagues hosted a four-day during a major Northern European festival, hoping to raise awareness about violence among youth. After the success of this event, Abergel founded the HumanLibrary Organization, which has been growing ever since.Though there are a few permanent human libraries, most aren’t places at all, but events. Though many do take place at physical libraries, you don’t need a library card—anyone can come and be part of the experience. There have been human library events all over the globe, in universities and in pubs, from Chicago to Tunis to Edinburgh to San Antonio.The stories these "books" tell range from fascinating to heartbreaking and everything in between. And that's the very point of the organization--to prove that no person can be summed up in just one word. It seeks to show people that you truly can't judge a book by its cover---or by its title or label.39. The “books” in human libraries are____________.A. long-held beliefs attracting individualsB. inspiring stones motivating people in troubleC. events in which people can talk to volunteersD. unfairly-treated people sharing their experiences40. The event in Copenhagen is significant because it_______.A. aimed to help the young suffering from violenceB. attempted to replace traditional physical librariesC. laid a foundation for the Human Library OrganizationD. led to a pleasing development for the community with racism41. In human libraries, the readers are likely to_________.A. deepen their understanding of peopleB. enrich their own personal experiencesC. hear the stories from all over the worldD. make quick judgments about the “books”42. The main purpose of the passage is to _________.A. compare and evaluateB. inform and explainC. discuss and persuadeD. analyze and suggest39. D 40. C 41.A 42. BCNorman Garmezy, a development psychologist at the University of Minnesota, met thousands of children in his four decades of research. A nine-year-old boy in particular stuck with him. He has an alcoholic mother and an absent father. But each day he would walk in to school with a smile on his face.He wanted to make sure that "no one would feel pity for him and no one would know his mother’s incom petence.” The boy exhibited a quality Garmezy identified as “resilience”.Resilience presents a challenge for psychologists. People who are lucky enough to never experience any sort of adversity (逆境) won't know how resilient they are. It's only when they're faced with obstacles, stress, and other environmental threats that resilience, or the lack of it, comes out. Some give in and some conquer. Garmezy 's work opened the door to the study of the elements that could enable an individual’s success despite the challenges they faced. His research indicated that some elements had to do with luck, but quite large set of elements was psychological, and had to do with how the children responded to the environment. The resilient children had what psychologists call a n “internal lens of control(内控点)”. They believed that they, and not their circumstances, affected their achievements. The resilient children saw themselves as the arrangers of their own fates.Ceorge Bonanno has been studying resilience for years al Columbia University 's Teachers College. Hefound that some people are far better than others at dealing with adversity. This difference might come from perception(认知) whether they think of an event as traumatic(创伤), or as an opportunity to learn and grow. “Stressful” or “traumatic” events themselves don't have much predictive power when it comes to life outcomes. "Exposure to potentially traumatic events does not predict later functioning,” Bonanno said. "It's only predictive if there's a negative response.” In other words, living through adversity doesn't guarantee that you'll suffer going forward.The good news is that positive perception can be taught. "We can make ourselves more or less easily hurt by how we think about things," Bonanno said. In research at Columbia, the neuroscientist Kevin Ochsner has shown that teaching people to think of adversity in different ways--to reframe it in positive terms when the initial response is negative, or in a less emotional way when the initial response is emotionally “hot”---changes how they experience and react to the adversity.43. According to the passage, resilience is an individual's ability________.A. to think criticallyB. to decide one’sown fate C. to live a better life D. to recover from adversity44. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. The psychologistsB. The resilient childrenC. Positive elementsD. Internal locus of control45. According to Paragraph 4, we can learn that____________.A. your positive perception may turn adversity aroundB. stressful events are more predictive than delightful eventsC. experiencing adversity predicts that you will go on sufferingD. a negative response doesn't guarantee you will suffer all the time46. What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?A. To teach people how to be resilientB. To encourage people to live through adversityC. To indicate people’s perception varies from each otherD. To compare different research findings about resilience43. D 44. B 45. A 46. ADScience is finaly beginning to embrace animals who were, for a long time, considered second-class citizens. As Annie Potts of Canterbury University has noted, chickens distinguish among one hundred chicken faces and recognize familiar individuals even after months of separation. When given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give up an immediate food reward for a slightly later (and better) one. Healthy hens may aid friends, and mourn when those friend die.Pigs respond meaningful to human symbols. When a research team led by Candace Croney at Penn State University carried wooden blocks marked with X and O symbols around pigs, only the O carriers offered food to the animals. The pigs soon ignored the X carriers in favor of the O's. Then the team switched from real-life objects to T-shirts printed with X or O symbols. Still, the pigs walked only toward the O-shirted people: they had transferred their knowledge to a two-dimensional format, a not inconsiderable feat of reasoning.I’ve been guilty of prejudiced expectations, myself. At the start of my career almost four decades ago, I was firmly convinced that monkeys and apes out-think and out-feel other animals. They're other primates(灵长目动物), after all, animals from our own mammalian(哺乳动物的) class. Fairly soon, I came to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters of cultural learning, and elephants express profound joy and mourning with their social companions. Long-term studies in the wild on these mammals helped to fuel a viewpoint shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedure kin laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circuses, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme parks.Over time, though, as I began to broaden out even further and explore the inner lives of fish, chickens, pigs, goats, and cows, I started to wonder: Will the new science of "food animals" bring an ethical (伦理的) revolution in terms of who we eat? In other words, will our ethics start to catch up with the development of our science?Animal activists are already there, of course, committed to not eating these animals. But whatabout the rest of us? Can paying attention to the thinking and feeling of these animals lead us to make changes in who we eat?47. According to Annie Potts, hens have the ability of_____________.A. interactionB. analysisC. creationD. abstraction48. The research into pigs shows that pigs___________.A. learn letters quicklyB. have a good eyesightC. can build up a good relationshipD. can apply knowledge to new situations49. Paragraph 4 is mainly about________.A. the similarities between mammals and humansB. the necessity of long-term studies on mammalsC. a change in people's attitudes towards animalsD. a discovery of how animals express themselves50. What might be the best title for the passage?A. The Inner Lives of Food AnimalsB. The Lifestyles of Food AnimalsC. Science Reports on Food AnimalsD.A Revolution in Food Animals47. B 48. D 49. C 50. A第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）Sleep and Teens--Biology and Behavior How much sleep do teens need? And how much sleep are they realistically getting? Based on current data, most teens need about 9-plus hours to have the best or most suitable sleep night. 51Many factors combine to decrease sleep in adolescents. We can think in general of two major factors: biological, the brain processes that regulate the amount and timing of sleep, and behavior, all the psychological, parental, societal, cultural features of teen’s life.__52 These changes lay the ground work for the biological night to occur later during the teen years than before. Circadian Rhythms (daily biological clock) seems to slow down as young people progress through the middle school years. At the same time, the sleep pressure system appears to change in a way that makes it easier to stay awake longer, though without changing the amount of sleep that is needed.Moreover, many teens have a "technological playground" in their bedrooms: television, computer with 24/7 Internet access, telephones, electronic game stations, MP3 players, and so forth. Thesetechnologies provide instant and constant contact with peers. Societal and media pressure to consume these technologies is now higher than ever. Yet society also requires that teens go to school at a time of day that is at odds with their biological and social lives. So we see teens turn to caffeine, late-night Internet and cramming in activity after activity as a means to keep awake. _____53 .Problems emerge for lack of sleep. 54 For some, grades begin to suffer as they struggle to keep awake during class and while doing homework. And others may simply feel moody, never knowing how to feel or do their best. Worse still, many teens suffer from both physical and mental illness.___55 The earlier teens can start this good sleep habit, the easier it will be for them to stay healthy, happy and smart.A. Sleep experts recommend teens keep consistent sleep and wake scheduleB. Teens may schedule sleep like any other daily activity and make sleep a priorityC. Then they are trapped into a terrible situation where they would never get enough sleepD. The sleep-wake bio-regulatory factors appear tochange significantly during adolescenceE. Some teenagers struggle to wake up in the morning, often resulting in late or missed schoolF. Teens may be driven to things that can wake them up because they'll fall asleep if they do notG. However, it is indicated that most teens fall short of this goal, many by a considerable amount.51. G 52. D 53. C 54. E 55. A第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）你班英语课上以“I Have A Dream”为题进行“说”的练习，请你写一份讲稿，内容包括：1．你的梦想是什么；2．你为何有此梦想；3．你如何实现梦想。

北京市海淀区2018届高三二模英语试题2018.5本试卷共12页，共120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将答题纸交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

1. ----Excuse me, sir. Can you spare me a dollar _________ I can buy this book?----Sure, no problem.A. forB. soC. butD. or【答案】B【解析】考查连词词义辨析。

句意：—对不起，先生。

你可以给我一元钱吗，这样我就可以买这本书了。

—没问题。

for因为；so (用于引出原因)为了，以便；but但是；or或者，否则。

根据句意，第一个说话者向对方要钱的目的是为了买书，故该处应填so。

B选项正确。

2. I need help now! I have to fix a leaking pipe in my bathro om but I’m not sure ______to begin.A. whatB. whichC. whereD. when【答案】C【解析】考查疑问副词。

句意：我现在需要帮助。

我不得不修理洗手间里一个正在漏水的管子，但是我不确定从何处着手。

根据句意，C选项正确。

3. Personally speaking, ________the grand blueprint into reality is a long process.A. turningB. turnC. turnedD. having turned【答案】A4. I _____up my mind what I was going to say in the seminar, but it was cancelled.A. have madeB. had madeC. was makingD. would make【答案】B【解析】考查时态。

北京市丰台区2018届高三下学期英语高考二模试卷一、单项选择(共15题；共30分)1．（2分）A heavy sandstorm is going to envelop our city.It is unwise to have your car. A．wash B．washed C．washing D．to wash2．（2分）Wu Lei is the only Chinese player has made it onto the latest World Soccer500list. A．that B．which C．whose D．whom3．（2分）Your donation greatly appreciated and the money will be used to help the students from poor families.A．has been B．is C．was D．had been4．（2分）Even a small personal computer store vast amounts of information.A．might B．can C．ought to D．has to5．（2分）We packed all the hooks in wooden boxes so that they damaged.A．don't get B．won't get C．didn't get D．wouldn't get 6．（2分）It is not surprising the new course on electronic games has attracted many students. A．what B．which C．that D．where7．（2分）_____________basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. A．Known B．Having known C．Knowing D．Being known 8．（2分）—Did your father enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday?—Yes,he did.They each other for ages.A．didn't see B．wouldn't see C．haven't seen D．hadn't seen9．（2分）—Could you check my list to see I have forgotten anything?—No problem.A．whether B．which C．that D．what10．（2分）Someone called me up at midnight,but he had hung up I could answer the phone. A．as B．since C．until D．before11．（2分）We climbed up to the top of a hill,we got a good view of the whole forest park. A．which B．where C．when D．that12．（2分）Beijing's new international airport into operation in2019will serve72million passengers annually.A．being put B．to be put C．put D．to put13．（2分）She doesn't speak our language,she seems to understand what we say.A．yet B．and C．or D．so14．（2分）David didn't attend his daughter's graduation ceremony,but he does wish he there. A．should be B．would be C．had been D．were15．（2分）What is your main reason for choosing one restaurant another?A．over B．of C．from D．for二、完形填空(共1题；共20分)16．（20分）完形填空A Good ManIt's a late Saturday afternoon in early March,and I am sweating in search of the only gift my son wants from Los Angeles:a（1）to the homes of the stars such as Brad Pitt and Jet Li.A cheerful taxi driver says,“No problem.Map sellers are everywhere!”When the taxi stops,a fellow （2）with a thin folded sheet and says:“Ten dollars.”Ten dollars!With absolute（3）I inform him,“That's too much.”The map man leaves.I begin walking,certain I'll find a(an)（4）star map soon.I am（5）.There's hardly anybody on the street.There don't seem to be many real stores,just cars and bars.No maps.No stars.Blocks pass.The sun begins to sink.At the edge of West Hollywood（6）fellow wanders ahead,selling star maps to some teenage girls.Ten dollars（7）.Forget it.My son will（8）.That night,I call my wife.“Did you get one of those maps to the stars?He's been talking about（9）else.”This（10）is hard to ignore.It's late.At all-night markets:no maps.I head back to the hotel. Morning is coming.There will be one last（11）.After I check out,I take a taxi.But at nine in the morning,map sellers are（12）to be found.“You know,”says the driver,“The guys with the maps just aren't up yet!”He's right.“Forget it.Let's go to the airport.”“Well,”says the driver,“I could（13）you one if you like.”Sure.Trust this guy?I might as well throw cash onto the freeway.But exiting the taxi,I（14）my last chance.I hand him$13and my business card.Three weeks pass.I've（15）on the star map. My son has stopped mentioning it.Then one afternoon,sticking out from under piles of flyers,there it is:a big white envelope.There is a small note.I can hardly read it（16）I make out a few phrases一“forgive（17）“taxi's been down”and,finally,“here's map for your son.”There's no return address.It's signed,“kind regards,M.”I hold the note in my hand（18）what my son said to me when I got back from Los Angeles.“Did you meet any（19）Dad?”he asked.Now I know what to tell him.“Yes,I did.I met a guy named M.”If you never（20）anybody,you'll never find the good guys.（1）A．decoration B．map C．book D．symbol（2）A．argues B．requests C．competes D．approaches（3）A．assurance B．permission C．anxiety D．bargain（4）A．perfect B．inexpensive C．proper D．detailed（5）A．shocked B．confused C．impatient D．wrong（6）A．one B．some C．another D．either（7）A．still B．even C．almost D．yet（8）A．believe B．regret C．understand D．admit（9）A．anything B．everything C．something D．nothing（10）A．idea B．news C．change D．reason（11）A．try B．journey C．action D．minute（12）A．everywhere B．somewhere C．anywhere D．nowhere（13）A．give B．mail C．show D．spare（14）A．create B．recognize C．deserve D．blow（15）A．given up B．thrown doubts C．refused offers D．dropped in（16）A．and B．or C．but D．for（17）A．fault B．delay C．carelessness D．rudeness（18）A．remembering B．reminding C．reviewing D．realizing（19）A．admirers B．friends C．stars D．heroes（20）A．look up to B．turn to C．have faith in D．agree with三、阅读理解(共4题；共30分)17．（8分）阅读理解Climbing Without RopesThe popular image of the mountain climber is of a person carefully climbing a steep cliff with a network of safety ropes,but it is not the only kind.Many climbers now enjoy bouldering.It's more accessible and better for the environment.What is bouldering?Bouldering is a sport that involves climbing on,over,and around boulders up to approximately twenty feet above the ground.Participants employ no safety ropes.Why boulder?•improve your climbingskills by focusing on basics •places to climb,such as climbing walls at gyms and parks,easy to find •less time commitment to bouldering than to mountain climbing •intellectual and physical enjoyment as one solves problems Bouldering Termscrimp:a very small handholdfoothold:a place where one may place a foot to aid in climbing boulderjug:a very large handhold that is easy to use problem:The path up a boulder is referred to as the “problem”that one must solve.The“solution”is the sequence ofmoves one makes up and over a boulder.Here is an example of a climber addressing a bouldering problem.Figure1:The climber has two routes she could take,one to the left and one to the right.The left one appears easier because it has a jug within easy reach,but look what happens if she chooses that direction. She gets stuck on the rock and has to go back down.Sometimes that is even more difficult than going up.Figure2:The climber takes the one to the right this ing a foothold and placing her right hand in a crimp,she is able to lift herself up and locate other handholds.After only a few moves,she is able to throw her leg over the top of the boulder and pull herself up.（1）（2分）According to the passage,bouldering________.A．is an indoor sport B．has no safety protectionC．needs maps and equipment D．is a steep cliff climbing（2）（2分）Bouldering becomes popular because________.A．it challenges the limits B．it costs lessC．it builds minds and bodies D．it is a team game（3）（2分）According to the example,the right route is________.A．a shortcut B．a dead endC．tough but to the top D．lined with jugs（4）（2分）The passage is likely to appear in________.A．a book review B．a science reportC．a newspaper advertisement D．a sports magazine18．（8分）阅读理解Three Feet From GoldDarby's uncle was caught by the“gold fever”in the gold-rush days,and went west to dig and grow rich.After months of labor,he was rewarded by the discovery of the shining ore(矿石).He needed machinery to bring the ore to the surface.So,with the“strike”,he returned home.And with the help of Darby,he borrowed a lot of money.After buying the machinery and having it shipped,Uncle and Darby went back to work the mine.The first car of ore was mined.And the returns proved they had one of the richest mines in Colorado! Down went the drills!Up went the hopes of Uncle and Darby!Then something happened!The vein(矿脉)of gold ore disappeared!They drilled on,but all in vain. Finally,they decided to quit and sold the machinery to a junk man for a few hundred dollars.The junk man called in a mining engineer to look at the mine and do a little calculating.The engineer's calculations showed that the vein would be found just three feet from where the Darbys had stopped drilling!The junk man took millions of dollars in the vein,because he knew enough to seek expert's advice before giving up.Most of the money which went into the machinery was borrowed through the efforts of Darby,who was then a very young man.The money came from his relatives because of their faith in him.He paid back every dollar of it,although he was years in doing so.Long afterward,Mr.Darby made another discovery that desire can be changed into gold.Thisdiscovery came after he went into the business of selling life insurance.Remembering that he lost a huge fortune,for he stopped three feet from gold,Darby profited by the experience in his chosen work,saying to himself,“I stopped three feet from gold,but I will never stop because men say'no'when I ask them to buy insurance.”Darby sold more than a million dollars in life insurance annually.He owes his“stickability”to the lesson he learned from his“quitability”in the gold mining business.（1）（2分）Darby's uncle went back home to________.A．receive his reward B．seek financial supportC．look for more helpers D．consult an engineer（2）（2分）The Darbys failed in mining business because of________.A．quitting drilling on B．the disappearance of the veinC．the shortage of the machinery D．competing against the junk man（3）（2分）From the passage,we can know Darby________.A．was unable to pay off the debtsB．mined his gold from the failureC．learned a lesson from selling insuranceD．devoted himself to making new discoveries（4）（2分）The author intends to tell us that________.A．hopes and difficulties exist side by sideB．correct decisions stems from correct judgementC．we should catch it when an opportunity comesD．we won't reach our goal unless we persist19．（6分）阅读理解Scientists say we are all born with a knack for mathematics.Every time we scan the cafeteria for a table that will fit all of our friends,we're exercising the ancient estimation center in our brain.Stanislas Dehaene was the first researcher to show that this part of the brain exists.In1989,he met Mr.N who had suffered a serious brain injury.Mr.N couldn't recognize the number5,or add2and2.But he still knew that there are“about50minutes”in an hour.Dehaene drew an important conclusion from his case: there must be two separate mathematical areas in our brains.One area is responsible for the math we learn in school,and the other judges approximate amounts.So what does the brain's estimation center do for us?Harvard University researcher Elizabeth Spelke has spent a lot of time posing math problems to preschoolers.When he asks5-year-olds to solve a problem like21+30,they can't do it.But he has also asked them questions such as,“Sarah has21candles and gets30 more.John has34candles.Who has more candles?”It turns out preschoolers are great at solving questions like that.Before they've learned how to do math with numerals and symbols,their brains'approximation centers are already hard at work.After we learn symbolic math,do we still have any use for our inborn math sense?Justin Halberda at Johns Hopkins University gave us an answer in his study.He challenged a group of14-year-olds with an approximation test:The kids stared at a computer screen and saw groups of yellow and blue dots flash by, too quickly to count.Then they had to say whether there had been more blue dots or yellow dots.The researchers found that most were able to answer correctly when there were25yellow dots and10blue ones. When the groups were closer in size,11yellow dots and10blue ones,fewer kids answered correctly.The big surprise in this study came when the researcher compared the kids'approximation test scores to their scores on standardized math tests.He found that kids who did better on the flashing dot test had better standardized test scores,and vice versa(反之亦然).It seems that,far from being irrelevant,your math sense might predict your ability at formal math.（1）（2分）From the first two studies,we can learn that estimation center________.A．is divided into two separate mathematical areasB．can help figure out numerals and symbols problemsC．functions independently in both kids'and adults'brainsD．works better when symbolic parts are injured or undergrown（2）（2分）What most surprised Justin in the study of14-year-olds?A．The variety of math abilities in different students.B．The link between technology skills and estimation skills.C．The difficulty of the task as the number of dots increased.D．The connection between estimation skills and formal math ability.（3）（2分）What could be the best title for the passage?A．Born with a Sense of Math B．Go beyond What You Can Learn C．Symbolic Math and Estimation Math D．Our Brain一a Born Mathematician 20．（8分）阅读理解That robots,automation,and software can replace people might seem obvious to anyone who's worked in automotive manufacturing.But MIT business scholars Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee's claim is more troubling and controversial.They believe that rapid technological change has been destroying jobs faster than it is creating them.They believe that technology increases productivity and makes societies wealthier,but it became clear to them that the same technologies making many jobs safer,easier,and more productive were also reducing the demand for many types of human workers.Technologies like the Web,artificial intelligence, and big data are automating many routine tasks.Countless traditional white-collar jobs,such as many in the post office and in customer service,have disappeared.As evidence,Brynjolfsson and McAfee point to a chart on which separate lines represent productivity and total employment in the United States.For years after World War II,the two lines closely tracked each other,with increases in jobs corresponding to increases in productivity.Then,beginning in2000, the lines diverge;productivity continues to rise steadily,but employment suddenly shrinks.By2011,a significant gap appears between the two lines,showing economic growth with no parallel increase in job creation.United States Productivity and EmploymentBut are these new technologies really responsible for a decade of lackluster(无生气)job growth? David Autor,an economist at MIT who has studied the connections between jobs and technology,doubts that technology could account for such a sudden change in total employment.Moreover,he also doubts that productivity has,in fact,risen steadily in the United States in the past decade.If he's right,it raises the possibility that poor job growth could be simply a result of a depressed economy.The sudden slowdown in job creation“is a big puzzle,”he says,“but there's not a lot of evidence that it's linked to computers.”“To be sure,computer technologies are changing the types of jobs available,but that is very different from saying technology is affecting the total number of jobs,”he adds.“Jobs can change a lot without there being hugechanges in employment rates.”Lawrence Katz,a Harvard economist,says that while technological changes can be painful for workers whose skills no longer match the needs of employers,no historical pattern shows these shifts leading to a net decrease in jobs over an extended period.Still,Katz doesn't dismiss the notion that there is something different about today's digital technologies.Though he expects the historical pattern to hold,it is “genuinely a question,”he says.“If technology disrupts enough,who knows what will happen?”（1）（2分）Which period on the chart strongly supports McAfee's claim?A．1947—1967.B．1985—1987.C．1997—2000.D．2011—2013.（2）（2分）According to David Autor,the change in job growth________.A．is not necessarily caused by technologyB．results from a weakening economyC．has no connection with productivityD．affects the current types of jobs（3）（2分）What is Lawrence Katz's attitude towards the topic?A．Optimistic.B．Defensive.C．Objective.D．Disapproving.（4）（2分）The main purpose of the passage is to________.A．show the relation between productivity and job creationB．discuss the effect of technological advances on employmentC．argue against the wide use of artificial intelligenceD．explain the impact of technologies on productivity四、任务型阅读(共1题；共10分)21．（10分）任务型阅读A Wonder PlantEvery rainy season,the mountain gorillas(大猩猩)of Central Africa migrate to the foothills and lower parts of the Virunga Mountains to feed on bamboo.For the650or so that remain in the wild,it's a vital food source.Gorillas aren't the only locals keen on bamboo.For the people near the mountains,it's a valuable raw material used for building houses and making household items.But in the past100years, resources have come under increasing pressure as populations have exploded and large areas of bamboo forest have been cleared to make way for farms.All over the world,the ranges of many bamboo species appear to be reducing,endangering the people and animals that depend upon them.A report published by the UN Environment Programme hasrevealed just how profound our ignorance of global bamboo resources is.Bamboo is a wonder plant.Its ecological role extends beyond providing food and habitat for animals. Bamboo tends to grow in stands made up of groups of individual plants that grow from root systems.Its extensive root systems are crucial in preventing water loss and soil erosion In India25%of paper produced is made from bamboo fiber,and in Brazil,100,000hectares of bamboo are grown for its production. Because of its flexibility and strength,it has traditionally been used in construction.Bamboo is often the only readily available raw material for people in many developing countries.Ray Townsend,vice president of the British Bamboo Society,says,“Some plants are threatened because they can't survive in the habitat—they aren't strong enough or there aren't enough of them, perhaps.But bamboo can take care of itself-it is strong enough to survive if left alone When forest goes,it is transformed into something else:there isn't anywhere for forest plants such as bamboo to grow if you create a cattle grass land.A.Sadly,this isn't a single story.B.It is the physical disturbance that is the threat to bamboo.C.Until now,bamboo has been viewed as a second-class plant.D.Without it,their chances of survival would be reduced significantly.E.Besides,bamboo's most immediate significance lies in its economic value.F.More than a billion people rely on bamboo for either their shelter or income.G.Despite bamboo's value in economy and ecology,its situation is all the more worrying.五、书面表达(共2题；共10分)22．（5分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李平，你的英国笔友Chris即将高中毕业，他在邮件中和你探讨上大学的问题。

人大附中2018届高三第二次模拟考试卷英语注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）(略)第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A（广东佛山市2018届高三第一次教学质量检测）High school and college are periods of ever-epanding responsibility for students. You can get help from some practical apps. Chec out these apps to get a head-start on being on top of your life!Sleep Cycle alarm cloc (free; iOS, Android)Getting enough sleep is essential to getting a good education, but waing up rested isn’t just about how much you sleep; it’s about where you are in your sleep cycle when you wae up. Sleep Cycle uses your phone’s microphone and/or accelerometer to analye your sleeping patterns and wae you up at the best time, when you’re in your lightest sleep state(within a window that you set, so that you’re not lat e). myHomewor Student Planner(free; iOS, Android, Windows)The myHomewor Student Planner is available on wide variety of platforms so that you can stay organied wherever you are. You can eep trac of your class schedule and homewor, get reminders for upcomi ng tests, and sync it across all of your platforms. There’s also a premium version for $4.99 that taes away the ads, gives you more themes, lets you add file attachments, and integrates access to eternal calendars.Circle of 6(free; iOS, Android)Circle of 6 is an innovative safety app that connects you to si of your most trusted friends (your “circle”) and helps you eep trac of each other. If you’re feeling scared about a situation you’re in you can send a per-programmed tet to your circle with just two taps, and it will include your eact location. This could also be used by younger students to discreetly let their parents now that they’re in an uncomfortable situation and want to be piced up.Goodbudget(free; iOS, Android)Goodbudget can divide your money into virtual “envelopes” for things lie Groceries, Transportation, Entertainment, Gas, and whatever else you need to budget for. The free version includes 10 regular envelopes plus syncing across two devices. Or you can move to a premium subscription(溢价认购)($5/month, $45/year)for more envelopes, five devices, and a five-year transaction history.21. Which of the following is NOT true?A. All of the four apps can be used free of chargeB. Sleep Cycle alarm cloc can mae you sleep as much as possibleC. myHomewor Student Planner can be used on computers and cellphonesD. Goodbudget can help you use your money wisely22. The app Goodbudge with a premium subscription for si months costs __________.A. $5B. $22.5C. $30D. $4523. Which might be the most useful for a primary school student who wals to the school alone every day?A. Sleep Cycle alarm cloc(free; iOS, Android)B. myHomewor Student Planner(free; iOS, Android, Windows)C. Circle of 6(free; iOS, Android)D. Goodbudget(free; iOS, Android)B（广西桂梧高中2018届高三第五次联考）Summer heat can be dangerous, and heat leads to tragedy far too often. According to idsandcars, org, an average of 37 young children per year die of car heat in the US, when they are accidentally left in a hot vehicle.For Bishop Curry, a fifth grader from Mcinney, Teas, one such incident hit close to home. A si-month-old baby from his neighborhood died after hours in a hot car. After hearing about her death, Curry decided that something needed to be done. Young Curry, who turned 11 this year, has always had a nac for inventing things, and he drew up a setch(草图) of a device he called “Oasis.”The device would attach to carseats and watch the temperature inside the car. If it reached a certain temperature in the car, and the device sensed a child in the carseat, it would begin to circulate cool air. Curry also designs the device using GPS and Wi-Fi technology, which would alarm the child’s parents and, if there was no response from them, the police.Curry’s father believes that the invention has potential. “The cool thing about Bishop’s thining is none of this technology is new,” he said. “We feel lie the way he’s thining and combining all these technologies will get to production faster.” His father even introduced the device to Toyota, whe re he wors as an engineer. The company was so impressed that they sent Curry and his father to a car safety conference in Michigan.In January, Curry’s father launched a campaign for the invention. They hope to raise money to finalie the patent, build models, and find a manufacturer. Their goal was $20,000, but so many people believed in Oasis’ potential that they have raised more than twice that--over $46,000.Curry’s father remembers the first time he saw his son’s setch. “I was so proud of him for thinin g of a solution,” he said. “We always just complain about things and rarely offer solutions.”24. What inspired Curry to invent Oasis?A. His narrow escape from death after being loced in a carB. His nowledge of many children’s death because of car heatC. The death of his neighbor’s baby after being left in a hot carD. The injury of 37 children in his school in a car accident25. What would Oasis do if it was hot in a car with a child?A. It would inform the parents or even the policeB. It would pump out the hot air in the carC. It would sound the alarm attached to the carD. It would get the window open to save the child26. What does Curry’s father thin is cool about Curry’s invention?A. It used some of the most advanced technologyB. It simply combined technologies that eistedC. It could accelerate production of new technologyD. It is the most advanced among similar products27. Why did Curry’s father start a campaign to raise money?A. To conduct eperiments to test the inventionB. To get other children devoted to inventionsC. To support a charity of medical aid for childrenD. To get the patent and bring it to productionC（江西名校学术联盟2018届高三教学质量检测二）Reducing plastic waste isn’t easy because the cheap material is found in almost every household item. Now, a delicious and nutritious solution has come up to help reduce our dependence on this environmental haard.David Christian, the co-founder of Evoware, says the idea of creating the biodegradable (生物降解的) products came from concern at the country’s high pollution rate. Indonesia is home to four of the world’s worst polluted rivers. Since single-use pacaging is a large contributor to the problem, Evoware decided to deal with that first.After investigating various materials, the company settled on seaweed. Unlie com, commonly used for biodegradable containers, seaweed does not require resources lie water or large amounts of space. Since Indonesian farmers already harvest more seaweed than they can sell, it’s easy for the company to find the material.Though they will not reveal their production process, Evoware says the seaweed pacaging contains no chemicals and is safe to consume. The company has also invented single-use cups, which can brea down 30 days after they’re thrown away.While replacing plastic with the seaweed products may seem appealing to most of us, it is a hard-sell in Indonesia. According to Christian, “The awareness to reduce single-use plastic is still very low. This maes our bioplastic unnecessary.” Also a factor is the cost, which is higher than using plastic. Hopefully, Evoware will succeed in convincing Indonesians and people worldwide that switching to their products will be helpful to protecting our beautiful planet.28. What problem did Evoware decide to deal with first?A. Ways to clean the four worst polluted rivers.B. Means to contribute to the country’s economy.C. How to deal with single-use pacaging.D. What nutritious materials for people to use.29. Why did Evoware choose seaweed?A. It didn’t require much space and was ea sy to get.B. It could be found everywhere in his country.C. It was most commonly used for pacaging.D. It grew thicly in most of the polluted rivers.30. What can we infer from Christian’s words?A. Their seaweed products have won government support.B. Their new products have received wordwide popularity.C. The cost of maing seaweed products will be lowered soon.D. Sometimes it’s hard to get people to reduce the use of plastics.31. What does the underlined word “hard-sell” (in Para. 5) refer to?A. Something lasting long.B. Something hard to accept.C. Something easy to get.D. Something commonly seen.DA large body of research has been developed in recent years to eplain many aspects of willpower. Most of the researchers eploring self-control do so with an obvious goal in mind How can willpower bestrengthened? If willpower is truly a limited resource, as the research suggests, what can be done to mae it stay strong?Avoiding temptation (诱惑) is an effective method for maintaining self-control, which is called the “out of sights, out of mind” principle. One recent study, for instance, found office worers less attracted to candy in the des drawer than that on top of their dess, in plain sight.The research suggesting that we possess a limited reservoir of self-control raises a troubling question. When we face too many temptations, are we to fail? Not necessarily. Researchers don’t believe that one’s willpower is ever completely ehausted. Rather, people appear to hold some willpower in reserve, saved for future demands. The right motivation allows us to tap into those reserves, allowing us to carry on even when our self-control strength has been run down. High motivation might help overcome weaen Willpower at least to a point.Willpower may also be made less vulnerable（脆弱）to being ehausted in the first place. Researchers who study self-control often describe it as being lie a muscle that gets tired with heavy use. But there is another aspect to the muscle comparison, they say. While muscles become ehausted by eercise in the short term, they are strengthened by regular eercise in the long term. Similarly, regular practices of self-control may improve willpower strengthsThe evidence from willpower-ehaustion studies also suggests that maing a list of resolutions on New Year's Eve is the worst possible approach. Being ehausted in one area can reduce willpower in other areas, so it maes more sense to focus on a single goal at a time. In other words, don’t try to quit smoing, adopt a healthy diet and start a new eercise plan at the same time. Taing goals one by one is a better approach. Once a good habit is in place, Baumeister says, you’ll no longer need to draw on your willpower to maintain the behavior. Eventually healthy habits will become routine, and won’t re quire maing decisions at all.32. From the studies in the passage we learn that .A. people have unlimited self-controlB. high motivation ensures one's successC. willpower is hardly completely ehaustedD. too many temptations often lead to failure33. The underlined phrase “tap into” in Paragraph 3 most probably means .A. mae use ofB. run out ofC. buildD. increase34. The author compares self –control to muscles .A. to prove the long-term effect of willpowerB. to show the significance of regular eerciseC. to argue that self-control can he easily used upD. to eplain the benefits of practicing self-control35. To develop a good habit, which of the following does the author prefer?A. “I will give up dessert and do eercise.”B. “I will set three goals this new semester.”C. “I will eep myself from any temptation.”D. “I will read an English novel every month.”第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

北京西城区高三模拟测试英语2018.5本试卷共9页，共120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1. —Ted’s flight from Amsterdam took more than 11 hours. He _____ be very tired after such along trip.—Yes, especially after working all night before the flight.A. mustB. needC. mightD. dare2. _____ there is still a long way to go, we believe that the doctor-patient relationship in China is gradually improving.A. BecauseB. UnlessC. AlthoughD. Once3. A new engineer was appointed to deal with the products _____ by customers.A. returningB. returnedC. to returnD. return4. Astronomers have discovered that three planets have sizes and temperatures similar to _____ of Earth.A. themB. theseC. thoseD. ones5. —Honey, shall we adopt a dog?—Adopting a pet depends on _____ we have the ability to care for it. Actually, we are so busy.A. thatB. whetherC. whichD. what6. _____ your strengths and weaknesses will help you achieve your dreams.A. KnownB. KnowC. KnowingD. Being known7. —Mom, is Dad coming to pick us up?—Yes, I am sure he _____ on the platform when we pull into the station.A. standsB. stoodC. has stoodD. will be standing8. With a science project _____, Kevin spent his entire weekend in the library.A. to completeB. having completedC. completingD. completed9. The moment _____ I learned the results of the competition was one of the happiest times in my life.A. whichB. whenC. whereD. why10. Last year, every employee in our company _____ a physical examination free of charge.A. offeredB. was offeredC. has offeredD. had been offered11. —It’s so convenient to use cell phones to pay the subway fare.—Yes. _____ thought of the idea is really brilliant.A. WhereverB. WheneverC. WhateverD. Whoever12. Upon arriving home, Lily found that her husband _____ a beautiful candlelight dinner.A. had preparedB. is preparingC. has preparedD. would prepare13. When _____, the new bridge will reduce travel time between the two cities from two hours tothirty minutes.A. builtB. buildingC. buildD. to build14. If it had not been for the kind guide, we _____ our way in the mountains.A. would loseB. had lostC. would have lostD. lost15. —By the time we _____ to the movie theater, the tickets may be sold out.—Don’t worry. I told Jane we might be late and she will buy our tickets.A. gotB. had gotC. will getD. get第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2018北京丰台高三英语（二模）2018.5笔试（共三部分 120分）第一部分知识运用（共两节 45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1. A heavy sandstorm is going to envelop our city. It is unwise to have your car .A. washB. washedC. washingD. to wash2. Wu Lei is the only Chinese player has made it onto the latest World Soccer 500 list.A. whoB. whichC. whoseD. whom3. Your donation greatly appreciated and the money will be used to help the students from poor families.A. has beenB. isC. wasD. had been4. Even a small personal computer store vast amounts of information.A. mightB. canC. ought toD. has to5. We packed all the hooks in wooden boxes so that they damaged.A. don’t getB. won’t getC. didn’t getD. wouldn’t get6. It is not surprising the new course on electronic games has attracted many students.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where7. basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A. KnownB. Having knownC. KnowingD. Being known8. —Did your father enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday?—Yes, he did. They each other for ages.A. didn’t seeB. wouldn’t seeC. haven’t seenD. hadn’t seen9. —Could you check my list to sec I have forgotten anything?—No problem.A. whetherB. whichC. thatD. what10. Someone called me up at midnight, but he had hung up I could answer the phone.A. asB. sinceC. untilD. before11. We climbed up to the top of a hill, we got a good view of the whole forest park.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. that12. Beijing’s new international airport into operation in 2019 will serve 72 million passengersannually.A. being putB. to be putC. putD. to put13. She doesn’t speak our language, she seems to understand what we say.A. yetB. andC. orD. so14. David didn’t attend his daughter’s graduation ceremony, but he does wish he there.A. should beB. would beC. had beenD. were15. What is your main reason for choosing one restaurant another?A. overB. ofC. fromD. for第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

（完整版）北京市东城区2018届⾼三统测（⼆模）英语试题北京市东城区2018届⾼三统测(⼆模)英语试题2018.5英语本试卷共120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考⽣务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答⽆效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡⼀并交回。

第⼀部分：知识运⽤（共两节，45分）第⼀节单项填空（共15⼩题；每⼩题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填⼊空⽩处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂⿊。

1.—It’s lucky of you to get your new job!—A friend told me about it, so I _________ and got it.A. applyB. have appliedC.appliedD. was applying2. I can clearly remember the first time I met Ms. Lee, _________it’s over 10 years ago.A. unlessB. sinceC. afterD. although3. They will fly to London, ______ they plan to stay for two or three weeks.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where4. Dogs have a far wider hearing range than humans, _________ them able to detect sounds far above a human’s hearing limit.A. makingB. madeC. having madeD. to be made5. —When do you want to visit Mr. Smith with me?—Whenever you _________ time.A. haveB. will haveC. have hadD. had6. Considered poisonous for many years in Europe, tomatoes _________for decoration only.A. growB. are grownC. grewD. were grown7. The snowstorm has lasted for several days _________ it is freezing cold now.A. forB. andC. butD. or8. In A Brief History of Time, Stephen Hawking wrote _________non-technical terms about the origin and development of the universe.A. fromB. byC. inD. with9. It is almost impossible for planes _________ in such a heavy fog.A. take offB. to take offC. to have taken offD. having taken off10. According to the Public Library’s regulations, each reader _________borrow at most fivebooks at a time.A. shouldB. mustC. mayD. would11. The book covers the knowledge I wish I ______ five years ago.A. knewB. had knownC. would knowD. would have known12. The new theme park, ______ last year, has received 27 million visitors so far.A. openB. openedC. being openedD. to open13. It is generally believed _________ modern technology and mass media are helping to breaktraditional cultural boundaries.A. thatB. ifC. whyD. how14. Jim started to play the guitar at the age of 12 when his uncle gave _________ to him as apresent.A. thisB. oneC. itD. that15. The ability to make and use tools is one of the most basic characteristics of _________ itmeans to be human.A. whetherB. howC. whatD. when第⼆节完形填空（共20⼩题；每⼩题1.5分，共30分）阅读下⾯短⽂，掌握其⼤意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂⿊。