重型越野汽车断开式驱动桥的研发

第1章绪论1.1 概述1.1.1驱动桥总成概述随着汽车工业的发展及汽车技术的提高，驱动桥的设计，制造工艺都在日益完善。

驱动桥也和其他汽车总成一样，除了广泛采用新技术外，在机构设计中日益朝着“零件标准化、部件通用化、产品系列化”的方向发展及生产组织的专业化目标前进。

汽车驱动桥位于传动系的末端, 一般由主减速器，差速器，车轮传动装置和桥壳组成。

其基本功用是增扭、降速和改变转矩的传递方向，即增大由传动轴或直接从变速器传来的转矩，并将转矩合理的分配给左右驱动车轮；其次，驱动桥还要承受作用于路面或车身之间的垂直力，纵向力和横向力，以及制动力矩和反作用力矩等。

根据车桥上车轮的作用，车桥又可分为转向桥、驱动桥、转向驱动桥和支持桥四种类型。

其中，转向桥和支持桥都属于从动桥，一般越野车多以前桥为转向桥，而后桥为驱动桥。

驱动桥的结构型式与驱动车轮的悬挂型式密切相关。

当驱动车轮采用非独立悬挂时，例如在绝大多数的载货汽车和部分小轿车上，都是采用非断开式驱动桥；当驱动车轮采用独立悬挂时，则配以断开式驱动桥。

1.1.2 驱动桥设计的要求设计驱动桥时应当满足如下基本要求：1）选择适当的主减速比，以保证汽车在给定的条件下具有最佳的动力性和燃油经济性。

外廓尺寸小，保证汽车具有足够的离地间隙，以满足通过性的要求。

2）齿轮及其它传动件工作平稳，噪声小。

在各种载荷和转速工况下有较高的传动效率。

3）具有足够的强度和刚度，以承受和传递作用于路面和车架或车身间的各种力和力矩；在此条件下，尽可能降低质量，尤其是簧下质量，减少不平路面的冲击载荷，提高汽车的平顺性。

与悬架导向机构运动协调。

4）结构简单，加工工艺性好，制造容易，维修，调整方便。

1.2 驱动桥设计方案的确定1.2.1 主减速器结构方案的确定1）主减速器齿轮的类型螺旋锥齿轮能承受大的载荷，而且工作平稳，即使在高速运转时其噪声和振动也是很小的。

本次设计采用螺旋锥齿轮。

2）主减速器主动锥齿轮的支承形式及安装方式的选择本次设计选用：主动锥齿轮：骑马式支撑（圆锥滚子轴承）从动锥齿轮：骑马式支撑（圆锥滚子轴承）3）从动锥齿轮的支承方式和安装方式的选择从动锥齿轮的两端支承多采用圆锥滚子轴承，安装时应使它们的圆锥滚子大端相向朝，而小端相向朝外。

摘要本设计首先确定各主要部件的结构型式和主要设计参数，然后参考同类的驱动桥结构，确定出设计方案并进行计算和设计，最后对主从动锥齿轮、半轴齿轮、半轴、桥壳轮边机构等部分进行校核，对支撑轴承进行了寿命校核。

本设计采用主减速器和轮边减速器双级传动副传动,均匀分配单一传动副上的高强度磨损，轮边机构的应用，大大的提高了离地间隙，提高了汽车的通过性。

本设计在我国尚处于起步阶段,在我国仍有很大的发展潜力和发展空间，本设计也将是未来越野汽车和重载汽车的发展方向。

本设计具有以下的优点：由于采用轮边双级驱动桥，使得整个后桥的结构简单，制造工艺简单,从而大大的降低了制造成本。

并且,提高了汽车的离地间隙。

关键字：越野汽车；后桥;轮边双级;圆弧齿锥齿轮AbstractThis design is to first identify major parts of the structure and main design parameters, then reference to similar axles structure, confirmed the design and calculation and design, final master—slave dynamic bevel gear and half axle gears, half axle， bridge housing wheel edges institutions， to test the part such as back-up bearing life respectively。

This design USES the main reducer and wheel edges reducer doublestage transmission vice transmission, evenly distributed single transmission of high intensity vice wear， wheel edges institutions of applications，greatly improve the ground clearance is achieved， improved the car through sexual.This design in our country is still at the beginning, in our country still has great potential for growth and development space， this design also will be the future off-road vehicle and heavy—load automobiledevelopment direction。

断开式驱动桥的名词解释断开式驱动桥是一种用于汽车或者其他车辆的传动系统，它的主要作用是将发动机的输出动力进行分配，同时允许车轮独立转动。

在这篇文章中，我们将对断开式驱动桥进行详细的解释，包括其原理、结构和应用。

一、原理断开式驱动桥是指通过一定的机械设备和传动元件，将发动机的动力传递到各个车轮上。

与传统固连式驱动桥不同，断开式驱动桥允许车轮独立运动，以适应不同路况和行驶状态。

它可以提供更好的操控性和行驶性能，特别是在越野或多种路况环境下。

二、结构断开式驱动桥通常由以下几个主要组成部件构成：1.差速器：差速器是连接两个车轮的主要传动组件之一。

它通过分配动力，使两个车轮在转弯时可以以不同的速度旋转，确保车辆的稳定性和操纵性。

2.半轴：半轴将差速器的输出动力传递到各个车轮上。

它们通常由坚固的金属制成，具有足够的强度和刚性来承受车辆的重量和力量。

3.驱动轴：驱动轴是将发动机的动力传输到差速器的传动元件。

它负责将发动机的扭矩传递给差速器，然后再分配给各个车轮。

4.轮毂：轮毂是车轮与车辆其他部分的连接点。

它负责支撑车辆的重量，并提供转动运动。

通过断开式驱动桥，车轮可以独立运动，轮毂必须能够与其他部件灵活连接。

三、应用断开式驱动桥主要用于需要更高悬挂和较强越野能力的车辆上。

例如，越野车、农用车、工程车等。

由于断开式驱动桥的设计，车轮可以独立运动，每个车轮都可以根据路面状况调整自己的转速和扭矩分配，以达到更好的通过性和操控性能。

这对于需要经常面对复杂路况的车辆来说非常重要。

此外，断开式驱动桥还可以用于一些特殊用途的车辆，例如军事车辆、消防车辆等。

这些车辆通常需要高度可靠性和出色的越野能力，以应对各种应急情况。

结语断开式驱动桥是一种用于车辆传动系统的关键组件。

它通过允许车轮独立运动，提供了更好的操控性和越野性能。

由于其设计和结构的特殊性，断开式驱动桥主要用于一些需要更高越野性能和适应复杂路况的车辆上。

通过了解和研究断开式驱动桥的原理和结构，人们可以更好地理解和应用这种传动系统，从而改善车辆的性能和可靠性。

附录附录AHeavy Off-Road Vehicle Drive Axle Of BreakingThe important thing is, in the great assembly at the end of the transmission. Its basic function is increased by the transmission shaft or directly by the torque, came to the torque distribution to left and right drive wheels, and make the right and left wheel drive car has required the kinematics differential function, While carrying the spring load and the car wheel, the frame of the body through suspension or integral to plumb-lines, longitudinal and transverse force and moment force, Also the biggest transfer transmission torque, still under the bridge housing reaction torque.Drive structure and driving wheel is closely related to the suspension structure. When driving wheel using an independent suspension, using the broken open axles, When driving wheels adopt independent suspension, match with breaking drive axles, independent suspension. Look from exterior, independent suspension axles connectionless left and right of the whole bridge rigid driving wheel, shell is bridge housing, and other relative movement between. This bridge is installed in the middle frame or integral car transmission and driving wheel transmission device and part of the quality of the automobile suspension with belong to the quality and the side of the drive wheels with independent suspension of elastic component and frame or weak connection for cars. Therefore, one on either side of the drive wheels can independently, relative to the frame or cars do, swing, left, and right shaft corresponding requirements and their corresponding shell makes the corresponding swing. Cars drive by breaking the suspension, and the quality of small and independent suspension matching, can make the driving wheels of various earthing and adaptability, good roads that can greatly reduce the cars in the rough road impact and vibration during the body decreases wheel and axle tilt, the dynamic loads of vehicle, improve and enhance average speed, Reduce the damage, improve its components reliability and prolong its service life.Based on the development of China's heavy independent suspension of six x 6 cross-country car cut off from the drive axles, for example, is insufficient, the development technology independent suspension drive axle of necessity and independent suspensiondrive axle of structural principle in aspects of heavy off-road vehicle drive with independent suspension of this development.1 Domestic independent suspension drive technology situationAt present domestic independent suspension axles in cars, light off-road vehicle and JN252 8 x 8, etc ZhongDunWei military car has been applied and independent suspension heavy off-road vehicle axles technology is basically blank, Foreign independent suspension heavy off-road vehicle axles technology also only by American company, belarus, Minsk Sisu, Finland has TIMONEY company and Korea etc, and application scope of military and civilian limitations in some special models.2 Develop independent suspension drive axle of necessityIn recent years, with independent suspension off-road vehicle market demand more and more widely. Restrict independent suspension off-road vehicle development is one of the key factors, thus breaking drive axles of the necessity of developing broken off.2.1Military car development needsCurrently our extensive use of grade 6 x 6 type 7t SX2190 models is shaanxi automobile manufacturing factory using STEYR technology development of new generation rover, has good performance, and strong adaptability, good performance advantages over the past 20 years for national defense construction made great contribution. The truck with 8 x 8 upward-leading continuous casting.the JN2270 15t and capability of type x 8 August JN2300 type, the successful development of China's second DaiJun car development was at an end. In order to adapt to the needs of modern war, the third DaiJun car development was put on the agenda. Article DaiJun car features for independent suspension of high performance of motor vehicles. As its core technology is one of the big Hollywood drive shaft cut off, domestic blank, basic is dependence on imports, if do not accord with national also does not conform to the military.2.2The basic needs of national constructionFor many years, our national economy is developing rapidly, and infrastructure investment growth, hydroelectric power, oil field, mine, coal and other industries such as fire like tea. The industry is inseparable from the high quality, the high performance of transport vehicles, independent suspension off-road vehicle is among the top. However, these vehicles almost entirely on imports, spent a great deal of foreign exchange. To develop a replacement model is of great significance to meet the market demand.3 Independent suspension structure theory. Drive axle ofChina's heavy automobile group company with development and production status, independent development drive axle of the independent suspension 6 x 6 cross-country car drive shaft cut off big Hollywood. According to 6 x 6 independent suspension chassis design requirements, in this model adopted high transmission fault type axles. The first thing is to cut off to drive, high of double bridge for breaking through the medium-sized Bridges, rear axles turn for breaking steering of high axles. Three bridge are installed with gas control differential between the wheel lock differential, medium-sized Bridges across the bridge box installed with gas control differential between the lock shaft differential. Main reducer ratio for 1 2023, gear ratio for 4. 26 (belt wheel side filling put gas system, ABS), the total ratio 7.016, The medium-sized Bridges for Φ 180 input end tooth flanges, output for Φ 165 end flange, rear axle gears before the input for Φ 165 end tooth flange, Each shaft axis for jose 13t. This design is mainly in steyr drive technology based on the development and design, design thoughts and 6 x is 6, 8 x 8, 10 December 10, military USES 10 series assemblies, reduce the new design of special parts. 8 x 8 middle bridge, 10 assembly, 10, and 12 million spxillion structure types are similar. The new design two broken open bridge, front axle shell adopts the breakthrough in the shell, type of bridge, using the same type of the rear axle housing learnings. On the basis of that, left, right, two kinds of half axle and cover and spline set assembly, and on the reduction and bridge box shell and the local improvement. High technology to drive the corresponding design. Before using high to drive axle of bridge structure, thus make the box with the same drive axle of center distance of the bridge, i.e. input than the original structure of flange steyr 100mm up front axle and bridge, can satisfy the same height flange vehicle transmission Angle to decorate the small request. Before turning mainly by high drive axles, before breaking casting bridge in the middle of the disc brake, using the shell with the filling of the deflated wheelhub ball cage patterned assembly, universal shaft coupling assembly etc. And now the thing turn compared with has the following characteristics: ①Using steel bridge housing, good rigidity, high strength.②Using steyr mature main reducer and axle box of bridge structure of the existing technology (without prior to drive axle box structure), improve cross the bridge reliability.③Using the ball cage patterned double gimbal couplings, can make the centerline of ball cage with to the center of the kingpin always in line with the wheels, reduce sliding wear.4 conclusionWith independent suspension car of rapid development, large-tonnage breaking drive axle of development of necessity and urgency. It not only can greatly improve the car ride and mobility, also for automobile driving performance such as power, economy, and has a direct impact on the stability, etc. Both can satisfy the military modernization needs, also can meet the needs of the development of national economy, therefore has the important practical significance.附录B重型越野汽车断开式驱动桥的研发驱动桥是汽车的重要大总成 ,处于传动系的末端。

Kd1080型载货汽车后桥总成设计摘要本设计为中型载货汽车的后桥总成设计。

在本设计中后桥为驱动桥，是汽车传动系主要总成之一，具有承载车身和驱动汽车的功用。

后桥设计应满足汽车动力性，经济性的要求，并符合汽车运动学规律。

根据本车的各项具体参数，经过必要的论证分析，确定了本次所设计的驱动桥的结构方案。

后桥采用非断开式驱动桥壳，单级螺旋锥齿轮主减速器，对称式圆锥行星齿轮差速器，半浮式支承半轴，驱动车轮为四个，后桥采用轴承为圆锥滚子轴承。

在已知主传动比的情况下，选择准螺旋锥齿轮主减速器齿轮的型式，目的是为了降低成本,并且工作平稳，噪声小。

对称式圆锥行星齿轮差速器结构简单，使用可靠。

半浮式半轴结构简单，所受载荷较大。

圆锥滚子轴承承载能力强，且有利于主减速器齿轮副调整。

全套图纸，加153893706在说明书的计算部分，说明了主要参数选择的依据，对主减速器，差速器，半轴和驱动桥壳进行了尺寸和强度计算。

此外，还计算了主减速器支撑轴承的寿命。

本文提供了关于以上计算的详细计算依据、步骤和计算数据。

关键词：驱动桥，半轴齿轮，差速器，半轴DESIGN OF REAR AXLE FOR MEDIUM GOODSVEHICLEABSTRACTThe aim of this project is to design the rear axle for the medium goods vehicle. The rear axle acts as the driving axle in this project., which is used to bear the frame and drive the car. The design of the rear axle should meet with the requirement of the performance of power and economic, and the same time, it must be accord to the principle of the mechenics of vehicle.According the specific parameters of the driving system and necessary reasoning, this rear axle conclude the integrated driving axle housing, the main drive of single spiral bevel gear ,the differential with taper planetary gear, the half axle and so on. There are four driving wheel and the bearings that the rear axle used are both taper roller bearings. With the provision of the drive ratio, the spiral bevel gear is selected in this design, which aimed to minimize the cost and make little noise. The differential with the symmetric taper planetary has a relatively simple structure, and it is reliable.The calculation section of this paper is mainly concerning about the physical dimension of the gear of the main drive and the differential,the driving axle, and the strength proofread of it. In addition, the strength proofread of it. In addition, the life of the bearing of the main drive is also calculated in this of computations basis,the step and the estimated data for these project and advanced in paper.KEY WORDS: Driving axle, Hypoid gear, Differential, Axle shaft目录前言 (1)第一章驱动桥的结构方案分析 (2)第二章主减速器的设计 (4)§主减速器的结构形式和选择 (4)§ (4)§ (5)§ (8)§.......................1 1 第三章差速器的设计 (26)§........................2 6 §..............2 6 第四章驱动车轮的传动装置 . (32)§ (32)§ (32)第五章驱动桥桥壳 (36)第六章结论......................... .... . . (41)参考文献 (42)致谢 (43)前言汽车的驱动桥位于传动系的末端，其基本功用是增大由传动轴或直接由变速器传来的转矩，将转矩分配给左、右驱动车轮，并使左、右驱动车轮具有汽车行驶运动学所要求的差速功能；同时，驱动桥还要承受作用于路面和车架或承载式车身之间的铅垂力、纵向力和横向力及其力矩。

重型自卸汽车设计（驱动桥总成设计）摘要驱动桥作为汽车四大总成之一，它的性能的好坏直接影响整车性能，对于重型自卸汽车也很重要。

驱动桥位于传动系的末端，它的基本功用是将传动轴或变速器传来的转矩增大并适当减低转速后分配给左、右驱动轮，另外还承受作用于路面和车架或车身之间的垂直力，纵向力和横向力。

通过提高驱动桥的设计质量和设计水平，以保证汽车良好的动力性、安全性和通过性。

此次重型自卸汽车驱动桥设计主要包括：主减速器、差速器、轮边减速器、车轮传动装置和驱动桥壳进行设计。

主减速器采用中央减速器附轮边减速器的形式，且中后桥采用双级贯通式布置形式，国内外多桥驱动的重型自卸汽车大多数采用这种布置形式；本设计主减速器采用了日益广泛应用的双曲面齿轮；差速器设计采用普通对称圆锥行星差速器；车轮传动装置采用全浮式半轴；驱动桥壳采用整体型式；并对驱动桥的相关零件进行了校核。

本文驱动桥设计中，利用了CAD绘图软件表达整体装配关系和部分零件图。

关键词：驱动桥、主减速器、差速器、半轴、双曲面齿轮THE DESIGN OF HEAVY SELF UNLOADINGTRUCK(THE DESIGN OF TRANSAXLE ASSEMBLY)ABSTRACTDrive axle is the one of automobile four important assemblies. It’s performance directly influences on the entire automobile，especially for the heavy self unloading truck . Driving axle set at the end of the transmission system. The basic function of driving axle is to increase the torque transported from the transmission shaft or transmission and decrease the speed ,then distribute it to the right、left driving wheel, another function is to bear the vertical force、lengthways force and transversals force between the road surface and the body or the frame. In order to obtain a good power performance, safety and trafficability characteristic, engineers must promote quality and level of designDriving axle design of the heavy self unloading truck mainly contains: main reduction, differential, wheel border reduction, transmitted apparatus of wheel and the housing of driving axle. The main reducer adopts central reduction along with wheel border reduction. And also the design have the same run-through structure between middle transaxle and the rear one with heavy trucks home and abroad that have several transaxles. Hypoid gear, a new type gear is a good choice for the main reducer of heavy self unloading truck. The differential adopted a common, symmetry, taper, planet gear. Transmission apparatus of wheel adopted full floating axle shaft, and the housing of driving axle adopted the whole pattern,and proofread interrelated parts.During the design process, CAD drafting software is used to expresses the wholes to assemble relationship and part drawing by drafting.Key words：driving axle, the main reducer，differential, wheel border reduction, half shaft, hypoid gear目录第一章绪论 (1)§ 1.1 驱动桥简介 (1)§ 1.2 驱动桥设计的要求 (1)第二章驱动桥的结构方案分析 (3)第三章驱动桥主减速器设计 (6)§ 3.1 主减速器简介 (6)§ 3.2 主减速器的结构形式 (6)§ 3.3 主减速器的齿轮类型 (6)§ 3.4 主减速器主动齿轮的支承型式 (7)§ 3.5 主减速器的减速型式 (8)§ 3.6 主减速器的基本参数选择与设计计算 (8)§ 3.6.1 主减速比的确定 (8)§ 3.6.2 主减速器齿轮计算载荷的确定 (9)§ 3.6.3 主减速器齿轮基本参数选择 (10)§ 3.6.4 主减速器双曲面锥齿轮设计计算 (12)§ 3.6.5 主减速器双曲面齿轮的强度计算 (21)§ 3.7 主减速器齿轮的材料及热处理 (25)§ 3.8主减速器第一级圆柱齿轮副设计 (26)§ 3.8.1基本参数设计计算 (26)§ 3.8.2圆柱齿轮几何参数计算 (27)§ 3.9轮边减速器设计及计算 (28)§ 3.9.1轮边减速器方案的确定 (28)§ 3.9.2轮边减速器各齿轮基本参数的确定 (28)§ 3.9.3各齿轮几何尺寸计算 (29)第四章差速器设计 (31)§ 4.1差速器简介 (31)§ 4.2 差速器的结构形式的选择 (31)§ 4.2.1 对称式圆锥行星齿轮差速器的差速原理 (32)§ 4.2.2 对称式圆锥行星齿轮差速器的结构 (33)§ 4.3差速器齿轮主要参数的选择 (33)§ 4.4差速器齿轮的几何尺寸计算与强度校核 (36)第五章驱动车轮的传动装置 (39)§ 5.1车轮传动装置简介 (39)§ 5.2半轴的型式和选择 (39)§ 5.3半轴的设计计算与校核 (39)§ 5.4半轴的结构设计及材料与热处理 (41)第六章驱动桥壳设计 (42)§ 6.1 驱动桥壳简介 (42)§ 6.2 驱动桥壳的结构型式及选择 (42)§ 6.3 驱动桥壳强度分析计算 (43)§ 6.3.1当牵引力或制动力最大时 (43)§ 6.3.2通过不平路面垂直力最大时 (44)第七章结论 (46)参考文献 (47)致谢 (48)附录A (49)第一章绪论§ 1.1 驱动桥简介在科学技术快速发展的今天，随着汽车工业的不断进步，汽车的各项性能指标也在不断提高，作为传动系末端的驱动桥的设计，更要有进一步的改进，以适应市场的需要，促进汽车行业的发展。

越野车驱动桥设计开题报告1. 引言越野车作为一种特殊用途车辆，需要具备强大的越野能力和驱动系统。

驱动桥作为越野车的核心部件之一，对整车的牵引力和操控性起着重要作用。

本报告将介绍越野车驱动桥的设计方案及其相关问题。

2. 背景传统的驱动桥设计主要适用于普通道路驾驶，无法满足越野车在崎岖地形和困难道路上的需求。

因此，设计一种适应越野环境的驱动桥显得尤为重要。

3. 目标本次开题研究的目标是设计一种越野车驱动桥，具备以下特点：- 高承载能力：驱动桥需要能够承受大马力的输出并具备足够的强度和耐久性。

- 良好的通过性：驱动桥应能适应各类恶劣地形条件，如泥泞、陡坡、沙漠等。

- 可调性能：驱动桥需要具备可调节的差速装置和扭矩分配机构，以适应不同道路状况和驾驶习惯。

-简单可靠：驱动桥应设计简单，易于维护和修理，并具备较高的可靠性。

4. 方法本次设计将采用以下步骤： 1. 确定越野车的使用情况和运动学要求，包括最大扭矩、最大速度、最大通过角度等。

2. 分析越野车的驱动系统特点和运动学模型，确定驱动桥的基本设计参数。

3. 选择合适的材料和制造工艺，确保驱动桥具备足够的强度和耐久性。

4. 设计差速装置和扭矩分配机构，以实现优良的操控性能和通过性能。

5. 进行系统集成和优化设计，确保各个部件协同工作并满足整车的要求。

6. 进行仿真和实验验证，评估驱动桥的性能和可靠性。

5. 期望成果通过本次设计，我们期望获得以下成果： 1. 完整的越野车驱动桥设计方案，包括各个部件的参数和功能要求。

2. 详细的制造工艺流程和工艺参数，以确保驱动桥的制造质量。

3. 仿真和实验结果，评估驱动桥的性能和可靠性。

4. 针对发现的问题和改进的方案，提出进一步的研究和改进计划。

6. 计划安排本次研究计划按以下时间安排进行： - 第一周：调研相关文献，了解越野车驱动桥的发展现状和问题。

- 第二周：确定越野车使用情况和运动学要求，分析驱动系统特点。

目录摘要 (I)Abstract (II)1 绪论 (1)1.1本课题研究的目的和意义 (1)1.2 汽车驱动桥国内外发展状况 (1)1.3 本课题研究的主要任务 (2)1.4 汽车驱动桥概述 (2)2 主减速器设计 (5)2.1 主减速器结构形式简介及选择 (5)2.2 主减速器的基本参数选择与设计计算 (6)2.2.1 主减速齿轮计算载荷的确定 (6)2.2.2 主减速齿轮基本参数的选择 (7)2.2.3 齿轮的几何尺寸计算 (10)2.3 主减速器齿轮的材料选择 (12)2.4 主减速器齿轮强度计算 (12)2.5 主减速器齿轮支承形式的选择 (16)2.6 主减速器齿轮轴承的载荷计算 (17)2.6.1 锥齿轮齿面上的作用力 (17)2.6.2 锥齿轮齿面上的轴向力和径向力 (17)2.6.3 主减速器齿轮轴承的选择 (19)3 差速器设计 (21)3.1 差速器介绍 (21)3.2 差速器的原理 (21)3.3差速器齿轮主要参数选择 (22)3.4 差速器齿轮几何尺寸计算 (25)3.5 差速器齿轮的强度计算 (28)4 半轴设计 (30)4.1 半轴的类型与选择 (30)4.2 全浮式半轴的设计计算 (30)4.2.1 全浮式半轴计算载荷的确定 (30)4.2.2 全浮式半轴直径的选择 (31)4.2.3 全浮式半轴的强度计算 (31)4.3 半轴的结构设计及材料选择 (31)4.4 半轴花键的参数选择 (31)4.5 半轴花键的强度计算 (32)5 驱动桥三维模型建立及运动仿真 (34)5.1 CATIA软件简介 (34)5.2 建立驱动桥三维模型 (34)5.3 驱动桥模型运动仿真 (38)6 驱动桥壳设计及有限元分析 (41)6.1 驱动桥壳设计要求 (41)6.2 驱动桥壳类型确定和材料选择 (41)6.3 对驱动桥壳进行有限元分析 (42)7 结论 (46)致谢 (47)参考文献 (48)摘要本次设计是以东风牌LZ1090D载货汽车主要性能参数为依据来完成其驱动桥的设计。

目录1前言 (2)2 总体方案论证 (3)2.1非断开式驱动桥 (3)2.2断开式驱动桥 (4)2.3多桥驱动的布置 (4)3 主减速器设计 (6)3.1主减速器结构方案分析 (6)3.2主减速器主、从动锥齿轮的支承方案 (7)3.3主减速器锥齿轮设计 (9)3.4主减速器锥齿轮的材料 (11)3.5主减速器锥齿轮的强度计算 (12)3.6主减速器锥齿轮轴承的设计计算 (13)4 差速器设计 (18)4.1差速器结构形式选择 (19)4.2普通锥齿轮式差速器齿轮设计 (19)4.3差速器齿轮的材料 (21)4.4普通锥齿轮式差速器齿轮强度计算 (21)5 驱动车轮的传动装置设计 (23)5.1半轴的型式 (23)5.2半轴的设计与计算 (23)5.3半轴的结构设计及材料与热处理 (26)6 驱动桥壳设计 (27)6.1桥壳的结构型式 (27)6.2桥壳的受力分析及强度计算 (28)7 结论 (29)致谢 (30)附件清单 (31)1前言本课题是对货车驱动桥的结构设计。

故本说明书将以“驱动桥设计”内容对驱动桥及其主要零部件的结构型式与设计计算作一一介绍。

驱动桥的设计，由驱动桥的结构组成、功用、工作特点及设计要求讲起，详细地分析了驱动桥总成的结构型式及布置方法；全面介绍了驱动桥车轮的传动装置和桥壳的各种结构型式与设计计算方法。

汽车驱动桥是汽车的重大总成，承载着汽车的满载簧荷重及地面经车轮、车架及承载式车身经悬架给予的铅垂力、纵向力、横向力及其力矩，以及冲击载荷；驱动桥还传递着传动系中的最大转矩，桥壳还承受着反作用力矩。

汽车驱动桥结构型式和设计参数除对汽车的可靠性与耐久性有重要影响外，也对汽车的行驶性能如动力性、经济性、平顺性、通过性、机动性和操动稳定性等有直接影响。

另外，汽车驱动桥在汽车的各种总成中也是涵盖机械零件、部件、分总成等的品种最多的大总成。

例如，驱动桥包含主减速器、差速器、驱动车轮的传动装置（半轴及轮边减速器）、桥壳和各种齿轮。