当前位置：文档之家 › Cohesion and Coherence的区别知识讲解

Cohesion and Coherence的区别知识讲解

  • 格式：doc
  • 大小：24.00 KB
  • 文档页数：6

lexical sets, pronouns, verb tenses, time references, grammatical
reference, etc. For example, 'it', 'neither' and 'this' all refer to an idea
previously mentioned. 'First of all', 'then' and 'after that' help to
仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除 谢谢2
精品资料
Cohesion is the glue that holds a piece of writing together. In other words, if a paper is cohesive, it sticks together from sentence to sentence and from paragraph to paragraph. Cohesive devices certainly include transitional words and phrases, such as therefore, furthermore, or for instance, that clarify for readers the relationships among ideas in a piece of writing. However, transitions aren't enough to make writing cohesive. Repetition of key words and use of reference words are also needed for cohesion.
Cohesion and Coherence 的区别
精品资料
Cohesion and Coherence
Cohesion can be thought of as all the grammatical and lexical links
that link one part of a text to another. This includes use of synonyms,
What does cohesion mean? You might think of cohesion as a means of establishing connections within a text at all sorts of different levels, e.g., section, paragraphs, sentences and even phrases.
Grammatical level: Reference: article, pronouns, normalization Substitution of clause elements using so, not, do/does/did, etc Ellipsis of clause elements Linking words: conjunctions and conjuncts Comparatives Verb tense Rhetorical techniques Quet. 'However', 'in addition' and 'for instance' link ideas
and arguments in a text.
Coherence can be thought of as how meanings and sequences of ideas relate to each other. Typical examples would be general> particular; statement> example; problem> solution; question> answer; claim> counter-claim.
How is cohesion different from coherence? It is difficult to separate the two. However, think of coherence as the text making sense as a whole at an ideas level, and cohesion as rather more mechanical links at a language level. You can imagine that it is possible for a piece of writing to contain plenty of cohesion yet little coherence.
Cohesion Devices
Lexical level: Repetition Word family repeated Synonyms, antonyms, other word relations Thematically related words (lexical set) Substations with one/ones
仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除 谢谢3
精品资料
Parallelism
Coherence
When sentences, ideas, and details fit together clearly, readers can follow along easily, and the writing is coherent. The ideas tie together smoothly and clearly. To establish the links that readers need, you can use the methods listed here. Repetition of a Key Term or Phrase This helps to focus your ideas and to keep your reader on track.

合集下载

CohesionandCoherence资料

CohesionandCoherence资料


二、Substitution and Ellipsis——省略和替代
Substitution and ellipsis are one type of cohesion device which takes different forms.
当在下面一个句子重新出现时，被省略掉，或者被其他项目所替代的现象。 例如，上例中的ones就用以替代apples，如： ⑴A. Have you been playing football?
②Core six cooking apples. Put them into a fireproof dish. These are red ones, but they are not so delicious.
Them—指称，表示前面的apples These—指示，指前面的them和apples So—比较，把这些苹果与其他的相比较。
2) Bob says he is going to join the Labour Party. It will be interesting to see whether he does (do). (Verbal Substitution)

一、 Reference —— 照应
A participant or circumstantial element introduced at one place in the text can be taken as a reference point for something that follows.
personal reference demonstrative reference comparative reference
人称照应 指示照应 比较照应
cohesion and coherence 2

cohesion and coherence 2


（2）Demonstrative Reference
Reference made by the following words such as the, this, that, these, those, here,there, etc., which expresses the degree of proximity.
Another semantic relationship is meronym (局部 词), which seems to be congruent with hyponym, but in fact the relationship between meronym and superordinate is a kind of part-whole rather than specific-general. For example: Tree root trunk branch leaf … • As can be seen, root, trunk, branch, leaf, etc. are a group of co-meronyms.
2、(Halliday & Hasan, 1976)提出了“衔接+ 语域 一致性 = 连贯”的模式
• 语域：由収生的事件，参不交际的人和交际的场
合和环境形成的语境综合为语域，决定人们交际中 所交流意义的类型和特点。
• 语域一致性：所交流的话语和交流的内容，参不
者的身份、地位、态度，交际所利用的媒介、渠道 等都表现出高度的一致性，幵适合于上面所讲的语 域的特点。
（2）Verbal Substitution The verbal substitute in English is do, with the usua morphological variant forms do, does, did, doing, done. （3）Clausal Substitution What is presupposed is not an element with the clause but an entire clause. The words used as substitutes are so and not.
Coherence and cohesion

Coherence and cohesion

Coherence & Cohesionsentencelanguage structuremacromacro-structureContrastive Language 对比Information structureText(discourse) structureTheme/rhymeMicro grammarNon-structure- cohesive devices 使结合成整体的Lexicons 专业词汇Grammar : reference; ellipsis省略; substitution; conjunctionLexicons: repetition(reiteration重复反复); synonymy; hyponymy词义之间的关系; collocation 搭配Definition of coherenceCoherence, by definition, refers to the content of connected speech or text hangs together, or is interpreted as hanging together, as distinguished from that of random assemblages of sentences, especially in studies of conversation.Put it simply, coherence refers to the smooth flow of ideas either in written text or in a conversation. A text or speech could be coherent with the help of cohesive devices but it can not be said that a text or conversation must be coherent if there are cohesive devices.Definition of cohesionThe connection between successive sentences in text, conversations, etc., in so far as it can be described in terms of specific syntactic合作的units. For example: A says “Peter came” and B replies “But he was very late.” In this in terchange the role of but as a conjunction and the link between the pronoun he and its antecedent Peter are both aspects of cohesion.Cohesion can also be defined as the property of syntactic units which are not interrupted by elements that do not belong to them. Thus words are generally cohesive: i.e. they are not interrupted by other words or elements that belong to other words.Cohesive devices1)referenceanaphoric 首句重复法reference cataphoric reference1)Peter had a wife but couldn’t keep her.2)Francesca Johnson died in January of 1989. She was sixty-nine years old at the time ofher death.3)The next morning after breakfast I went down to look at the little house in Great BritainStreet. It was an unassuming shop, registered under the vague name of Drapery.4)Everyone was incredulous when it was reported that he had a vocation for the priesthood.Nevertheless it was true.5)我和白求恩同志只见过一面。

刘润清《新编语言学教程》笔记和课后习题(含考研真题)详解(7-12章)【圣才出品】

刘润清《新编语言学教程》笔记和课后习题(含考研真题)详解(7-12章)【圣才出品】

第7章语篇分析7.1复习笔记本章要点：1.Discourse and discourse analysis语篇及语篇分析2.Given and new information已知信息与新信息3.Cohesion and coherence衔接与连贯4.Conversational analysis对话分析常考考点：语篇及语篇分析的定义；已知信息与新信息的异同；衔接手段包括指称、替代、省略、连接与词汇衔接；语篇标记的定义与特征；对话分析中的配组会话、偏好结构及前序列；批判性语篇分析。

本章内容索引：I.Definition of discourse and discourse analysisrmation structure1.Given and new information2.Topic and comment3.ContrastIII.Cohesion and coherence1.Cohesion.(1)Reference(2)Substitution(3)Ellipsis(4)Conjunction(5)Lexical cohesion2.CoherenceIV.Discourse markers1.Definition2.Functional-pragmatic nature3.Features of discourse markersV.Conversational analysis1.Adjacency pairs2.Preference structure3.PresequencesVI.Critical discourse analysisI.Definition of discourse and discourse analysis(语篇及语篇分析的定义)1.Discourse(语篇)A general term for examples of language use,nguage which has been produced as the result of an act of communication.It refers to the larger units of language such as paragraphs, conversations,and interviews.泛指语言的运用，也就是说，语篇是人们进行交流的产物。