下载文档原格式
第四章时态和语态一．动词的时态英语时态用共有十六种时态，其中常用的有8种，它们是：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。
一. 一般现在时.1.构成. be动词：am is are ; 其他动词用动词原形，当主语是第三人称单数时要在谓语动词后加“s”，其变化规则与名词变复数一致。
2.用法. 1). 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。
如usually, always, often, seldom, never, every...,eg. I leave home for school at 7 every morning.I don’t leave home for school at 7 every morning.Do I leave home for school at 7 every morning?He usually gets up early.He doesn’t usually get up early.Does he usually get up early?2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
eg. The earth moves around the sun.The earth doesn’t move around the sun 否定句Does the earth move around the sun? 疑问句Shanghai lies in the east of China.Shanghai doesn’t lie in the east of China 否定句Does Shanghai lie in the east of China? 疑问句Water boils at 100 centigrade degrees.3) 表示格言或警句中eg. Pride goes before a fall.注意. 此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
高考语法专题一：谓语动词的时态和语态一、时态的具体用法：(1) 一般现在时 表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。
① 一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：often,usually,sometimes,always,every (day等), once/twice,a (week等), on (Sunday等),never,in the (morning等)。
如：They go to the Palace Museum once a year.(他们每年去一次故宫)/ They oftendiscuss business in the evening.(他们经常在晚上商谈生意)②表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。
如：The earth turns round the sun.(地球绕着太阳转)/ Light travels faster thansound.(光传播比声音快)③在条件状语从句中(以if,unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子可以有将来时间。
如：Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(你一到德国就给我打电话) / If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(如果明天下雨我们就只好呆在家)④人的心理活动和感官动作一般用一般现在时而不用现在进行时表达,常见动词有：like, love, hate, dislike, want, wish, hope, think(认为),understand, remember,forget, mean, need, hear, feel, see. 如：I think it is going to snow.(我想天要下雪了)/ I really hope you can enjoy your stay here.(我真的希望你愉快地呆在这儿)(2)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态。
“解题达人”备战新高考语法之动词时态语态距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
一：基础知识解析1：考点归纳动词时态历来是高考考查的重点。
动词时态考查虽多，但考向非常集中，最常考的是一般过去时和一般现在时，其次是现在完成时，其他时态考查相对较少。
因此备考重点是：①动词时态的基本用法②动词语态的基本用法③主谓一致通过“时态定义”解决时态：虽然新课标或考纲中列出了10种时态，但近三年全国卷主要考查一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。
尽管如此，以下8种时态的基本用法和构成还应掌握。
准确理解常考时态的定义是做题的根本。
1：动词时态的一般体时态用法例句一般现在时表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。
常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always, every time, now and then,occasionally, often, seldom, never,sometimes, usually, every day/night等连用。
2019高三英语名校试题汇编专题07动词时态和语态（学生版）一、动词时态考查要点简述1.一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物旳现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性旳动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。
He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.She has a brother who lives in New York.The earth goes around the sun.Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.【典例】According to the literary review, Shakespeare his characters live through their language in his plays.A. will makeB. had madeC. was makingD. makes例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.哥伦布证实了地球是圆旳。
【典例】Next time you ____here，let’s have lunch together．A．will be B．are C．have been D．wereSo long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。
The harder you study, the better results you will get.2.现在进行时表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行旳活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。
与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人旳某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。
初中动词的时态与语态动词是语言中最基本的词类之一，它用来表达动作、状态和行为。
在英语中，动词的时态和语态是非常重要的语法概念。
掌握动词的时态和语态对于我们正确使用动词、准确表达意思至关重要。
本文将对初中动词的时态和语态进行详细介绍。
一、动词的时态时态是指动词所表示动作、状态或者事实发生的时间。
英语中常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时等多种时态。
1. 一般现在时（Simple Present Tense）一般现在时表示经常性或者客观事实，常用来表达日常的习惯、科学事实、真理等等。
它的基本构成为主语 + 动词原形。
例如：- They play basketball every Sunday.（他们每周日打篮球。
）- Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.（水在100摄氏度沸腾。
）2. 一般过去时（Simple Past Tense）一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或者状态，常用于叙述过去的经历或者事件。
它的基本构成为主语 + 动词过去式。
例如：- I visited my grandparents last weekend.（我上个周末去看望了我的祖父母。
）- She didn't go to school yesterday.（她昨天没有去上学。
）3. 一般将来时（Simple Future Tense）一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作或者状态，常用于表达计划、打算、预测等等。
它的基本构成为主语 + will + 动词原形。
例如：- We will have a party next Friday.（我们下周五要举办一个聚会。
）- She won't come to the meeting tomorrow.（她明天不会来参加会议。
）4. 现在进行时（Present Continuous Tense）现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，通常用于描述当前正在发生的事情。
高考英语动词的时态和语态语法知识点与技巧方法一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时主动do/doesdidwill/shall dowould/shoulddoam/is/are doing被动am/is/are donewas/were donewill/shall be donewould/should be doneam/is/are being done过去进行时将来进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时过去完成时主动was/were doingwill/shall be doinghave/has donehave/has been doinghad done被动was/were being done----------have/has been done----------had been done一、一般现在时1、表示经常发生的习惯性的、现在反复出现的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有：always,usually,seldom, sometimes, every day, now and then, once a week等。
2、表示眼下或目前等现在时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，这种状态带有一定的持续性。
3、表示客观事实或普遍真理。
4、书报的标题，故事的叙述，小说、戏剧、电影等情节介绍，图片的说明等。
5、时间表、时刻表、日程表、节目单、课程表等按规定将要发生的动作，只限于go, arrive, leave, start, stay, return, begin, e等动词。
6、在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，表示将来的动作。
注意：一般现在时可以用于定语从句或宾语从句中表示将来。
7、用在某些表达中，表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。
Here es the bus!How it rains!二、一般过去时1、表示在过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态，与现在没有关系。
常用的时间状语有：yesterday, last night, at that time等。
语法复习(一) 动词的时态与语态一、动词的时态一般现在时1. I read English every morning. He likes playing football. He is very happy.2. I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. Pride goes before a fall.3. Wen meets journalists.4. The train starts at eight in the morning.5. If it rains, I won’t go out. I’ll not go unless I am invited. Tell him the news as soon as he comes.6. Nowadays, whenever you turn on the TV, you will see a lot of commercials.练习：1．Mr. Wu ______ to work by bus every dayA. has been travelingB. has traveledC. travelsD. is traveling2. Shanghai ______ on the Huangpu River.A. standB. standsC. is being standD. has stood3. I don’t think she’ll be upset, but I’ll see her in case ________.A. she’llB. she isC. she doesD. she would4. Every time he ___ me, he makes fun of me.A. will seeB. seesC. is seeingD. is seen5. The train ______ at eight tonight.A. will be startedB. will have startedC. shall be startedD. starts6. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ___ advertisements showing happy familiesA. will often seeB. often seeC. are often seeingD. have often seen7. It ____ long before we _____the result of the experiment.A. will not be, will knowB. is, will knowC. will not be, knowD. is, know8. This machine _______. It hasn’t worked for years.A. didn’t workB. wasn’t workingC. doesn’t workD. isn’t working9. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4025______ off at 18:20.A. takesB. tookC. will be takenD. has taken一般过去时1. He often cried when he was a child.She went to the cinema once a week when she was at school.They went to the bank just now.2. I didn’t know you were here. Sorry, I forgot to bring my book.3. He promised to buy me a computer if he got a rise.4. When he was young, he used to swim in the sea.5. Whenever it was Sunday, he would get up very late.6. Could you lend me your bike? Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me.It is time you went to bed (你早该睡觉了。
高中英语语法(时态和语态)一．动词的时态时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。
英语动词有16种时态，但是常见的只有九种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。
(一）一般现在时（do / does）1．具体用法1) 表示经常性或习惯性动作We always care for each other and help each other. 我们总是互相关心互相帮助。
He goes to school every day.2)表示现在的特征或状态He is very happy.Do you sing? ----A little.3)表示普遍真理Light travels faster than sound. 光速比声速快。
Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜过言语。
* 常与一般现在时态连用的词或短语主要有：often, usually, sometimes, every day,every morning/afternoon, on Sundays/weekends等等。
I often go to the cinema on Sundays. 我经常星期天去看电影。
He goes to work early every day. 他每天上班很早。
（二）一般过去时( did )（1）表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态，常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。
例如：We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film.（2）表示过去习惯性动作。
例如：He always went to class last.I used to do my homework in the library.（三）一般将来时( will / shall do)1）表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。
语法（一）—动词时态语态语法考点分析：从句会占到7-9分，非谓语动词6-8分，这两块基本是15分；虚拟语气2-3分；时态与语态（主要是完成时）会有1分或情态动词的完成体1分，主谓一致1分。
从句中，重要考点是定语从句，定语从句会占到从句中3-4分，其中which 引导的非限制性定语从句、只能用that引导定语从句必考；然后是名词性从句，其中主语从句中whether与if 的区别、whoever的用法、that与what、whatever 的区别是主要考点；还有that引导的同位语从句；状语从句中主要是as引导的让步状语从句、as(so) long as\unless\in case\since的含义及用法、 no sooner…than…\ hardly…when…\ not…until…\ however的用法、比较级中的倍数问题等是必考的。
非谓语动词中现在分词与过去分词作状语、定语与表语的区别是必考的重点。
There is no good/use/point/sense doing…, It is no good /use doing…句型、admit, appreciate, avoid, can’t help, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, mind, recall, resent, resist,, risk, suggest等动词后跟动名词、分词作状语与分词独立结构的区别虚拟语气，if引导一般虚拟条件句中对过去的假设、用should表虚拟、常用的虚拟语气句型：would rather, had rather, would as soon、It is (high/ about ) time （是……时候了）、动词wish后的虚拟语气、but for, lest, if only后的虚拟语气是重要考点。
主谓一致考点解析：就远法当主语与with, along with, accompanied by, in addition to, together with, including, as well as, like, besides, rather than。
就近法not only…but also…, or, either…or…, neither…nor…, nor、物主代词或不定代词作主语none, all, half, some, most, any, the rest, 百分数、分数作主语、（the）one of +复数名词+ who/ that / which引导的定语从句的谓语。
情态动词的完成体是情态动词的考点。
动词时态与语态考试重点：过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成时、现在完成进行的用法。
一、动词时态动词时态与语态考试重点：过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时的用法；when, until, as soon as, before, unless, if, once, in case等引导的时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来时；come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等动词用一般现在时表将来时；反义疑问句。
英语中的动词分谓语动词和非谓语动词两种。
例如：I sit here, talking to you. 谓语动词sit在句中充当谓语，非谓语动词talking在句中做伴随状语，不能作谓语。
谓语动词的重点是时态和语态。
谓语动词主要时态有：过去时：一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时现在时：一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时将来时：一般将来时、过去将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时以动词do 为例，将16种时态列表如下:（一）过去时一般过去时(-ed)：指过去发生的动作或情况，常与at that time, two years ago, just now, last month, once, the other day等时间状语连用；在时间和条件状语从句中代替过去将来时。
请看下面的练习：1. Tom_____a letter to his parents last night.A. writesB. wroteC. writeD. has written2. “W hy isn’t the painting done yet?”“John_____his share of work yesterday.”A. doesn’tB. didn’t doC. doesn’t doD. didn’t3. Last week John____his leg.A. felt and brokenB. fell and brokeC. feels and breaksD. fallen and broken4. When_____?A. had your team first beatenB. had your team first been beatenC. was your team first beatenD. was your team to be first beaten5. When I was young, I_____to school every day.A. walkedB. was walkingC. had walkedD. had been walkingKeys: 1—5 BBBCAused to do…与be/get used to doing…的区别used to do表过去常常做……be/get used to doing现在习惯于……。
例如：1. “Are you a film star?”“_____.”A. Yes, I am notB. Yes, I wasC. I used to beD. I used to2. You’ll soon get used to_____a large breakfast in England.A. eatB. eatingC. eatenD. ate3. I_____a taxi to school when it was raining.A. am used to takeB. use to takeC. used to takeD. am used to takingWhen I was a child, I used ____ to the river and bathe in the evening.(2014)A.to goingB.to goC.goD.going过去进行时(was/were doing)：指在过去某个时刻或过去某个动作正在进行的动作。
例如：1. It______when they left the station.A. has rainedB. is rainingC. rainsD. was raining2. It was raining when Mary____the bus.A. waitedB. expectedC. was expectingD. was waiting for过去完成时(had done)：在过去某个时刻或某个动作之前已经发生了的动作或状态，常与after, before, when等引导的状语从句连用。
1. The movie was wonderful. ____anything more exciting in my life.A. I never did seeB. I had never seenC. I would never seeD. Never saw I2. I came so early for lunch today because I thought the bell____.A. already rangB. has already rungC. already had rungD. had already rung3. By the time we got home, I_____all about it.A. had forgotB. forgotC. had forgottenD. should have forgotten4. “Did you get the tickets?”“No. I_____to buy them during lunch, but I didn’t have time?”A. am planningB. have plannedC. had been planningD. am going to plan5. Last Monday he promised that he_____today, but he hasn’t arrive d yet.A. will comeB. would have comeC. is comingD. would comeKeys: 1—5BDCCD（二）现在时在专升本考试中重点测试一般现在时和现在完成时。
一般现在时(-s;-es)：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等动词用一般现在时表将来时，表示按时间表或计划进行。
例如：School finishes in mid-June. 学校七月中旬放假。
Your train leaves at 5:30P.M. 你的火车是下午5:30离开。
when, until, as soon as, before, unless, if, once, in case引导的时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来时。
例如：Don’t forget to turn off the lights before you leave.I will go there unless it____tomorrow.（答案A）A. rainsB. will rainC. does not rainD. will not rain现在完成时(has/have done)：1. 在for…, since, so far, up to now, never, in the past/last few years, in theseyears等引导的时间状语中。
2. 在It is the first /second time … that…句型中。
例如：It is the third time I have visited the city.这是我第三次访问这个城市。
3. 在This is + 形容词最高级+that…句型中。
