英伦新锐-浅析英国伊丽莎白二世女王级航空母舰

俄媒：英国史上最大新型航母难以对中国构成威胁据俄罗斯纽带网5月27日报道，英国皇家海军历史上吨位最大、结构设计最为非同寻常的战舰“伊丽莎白女王”号航母，将于7月4日在苏格兰爱丁堡罗塞思造船厂下水，但是它在英军战斗序列中的作用暂时还不清楚。

由于能力有限，特别是舰载机数量相对较少，航程较短，载弹量少，因此很难对大国海军构成威胁，无论是现在的中国，还是俄罗斯。

英国新型航母最不寻常之处在于设计理念，它使用短距起飞和垂直降落的舰载机，与垂直起降的飞机并不完全相同。

它使用滑跃起飞跳板替代复杂的、能量消耗较大的弹射器，使用尺寸较大、而且涂有耐热涂层的甲板平台替代拦阻索。

这种方案当然有一定的优势，首先能简化航母结构，降低造价。

在喷气式飞机时代，这些优势能够允许建造轻型航母，比如排水量2.2万吨的英国“无敌”级航母，以及现在最轻的1.15万吨级航母泰国“查克里-纳吕贝特号”(从西班牙进口)。

英国类似大型战舰的建造显得相当奇怪，首先是因为“伊丽莎白女王”级航母舰载机群受到严重限制，除了专用短距起飞和垂直降落飞机之外，只有停靠直升机，而舰载战斗机在起飞重量、燃油储备和战斗载荷上都不如使用弹射器起飞的舰载机，从而很难建设一支均衡发展的航母舰载机群。

如果没有这种配置均衡的航空战斗群，在和其他舰艇，或者通用两栖登陆舰编队作战时，多少还可以原谅，但是对于超级航母来说则是不允许的，因为此时不仅需要围绕航母建设航空突击战斗群，而且还要打造广泛意义上的远洋水面舰队。

或许英国做出如此怪异的选择主要是因为在1982年马岛战争中使用“鹞”式飞机的成功经验。

但是2002年英国正式选择美国第五代多用途歼击机F-35为皇家海军未来航母舰载机群的基础，或者更确切地说，是其短距离起飞和垂直降落版改进型号F-35B。

早在80年代末英国就已积极参与和美国联合研制前景短距起飞和垂直降落飞机，首先是舰载机。

可以说，这种选择是事先预定的。

不过，在选择的过程中不是没有尴尬。

“伊丽莎白女王号航母到底怎样6月26日，英国“伊丽莎白女王”号航母升起米字旗，在苏格兰罗塞斯船厂出坞试航，标志着英国未来航母（CVF）项目取得了具有里程碑意义的进展，英国海军即将进入拥有大中型航母的新时代。

该航母2022年开工建造，2022年下水，此次将航行至北海，进行为期6周的试航，计划2022年年底交付皇家海军，2022年形成初始作战能力。

该级第二艘舰“威尔士亲王”号计划2022年开始海试，2022年末交付皇家海军。

出航，赚足眼球工作是一项庞大的系统工程，绝非一两家船厂就能完成，通常需要有上千家各行各业的工厂参与。

“伊丽莎白女王”号航母也不例外，BAE系统水面舰船、泰利斯以及巴布科克等至少6家公司参与其中，共有1万多人参与建造，耗费5100万工时。

也正是这项庞大的工程，带动了英国以造船工业为首的包括航空、电子、钢铁、冶金、机械和自动化等相关领域在内的整个国防工业的发展。

设计，与众不同英国是世界航母发展史上的先驱，先后创造出多项“第一”，如首次在航母上采用斜角甲板、使用蒸汽弹射器等。

当第三艘舰“皇家方舟”号航母2022年3月退役后，英国海军进入了一段时间的航母空白期。

作为满足未来战略需求、弥补航母真空的新一代航母，伊丽莎白女王级采用了全新的设计。

燃气轮机动力和全电力推进技术是伊丽莎白女王级航母的标志性技术之一，相关技术是第一次被于大中型航母上，主要包括两台罗伊斯·罗尔斯MT30燃气轮机、两台瓦锡兰柴油机发电机组和4台通用公司的20兆瓦先进感应电机，总推进功率70兆千瓦。

与蒸汽动力装置设备繁多、管路复杂、占用空间大、维护保养任务繁重等特点相比，燃气轮机结构紧凑轻巧、燃效高、经济性好，便于维护保养。

另外，全电力推进优点众多，一是设备外形尺寸小，重量轻；二是布置方便，放宽了对航母内部设计的要求；三是运行灵活，易于动态制动、倒车等操作，提高了母舰的机动性；四是改变了以往推进与作战系统和生活用电分开的方式，全舰发电机组发出的电力集中到一个电网内，能够综合控制全舰供电，为电磁轨道炮、激光武器等高功率武器上舰奠定了基础。

中国振华港机龙门吊托举英国伊丽莎白女王号航母前舰岛而且已经在高附加值船舶领域斩获颇丰。

振华港机就是造船业崛起的缩影。

由振华港机提供的龙门吊已经出现在了世界各个地区的沿海港口、船厂。

不仅英国航母是中国龙门吊的功劳，就连一向抵制中国制造的奥巴马也被振华港机打脸。

2013年3月29日美国总统奥巴马在迈阿密港口发表演说，鼓励美国更广泛地使用“美国制造”。

由于码头的起重机是中国振华重工集团制造，为了避免尴尬，白宫工作人员用一大幅美国国旗盖住“振华”和ZPMC的中英文商标。

然而演讲过程中，一阵大风刮来吹落美国国旗，露出了上海振华重工的商标，引发全场哗然。

注意观察左图星条旗，右图是被大风吹走星条旗后露出了振华港机的商标振华港机商标局部放大图中国又建设一项工程奇迹英法望尘莫及中国正在筹划又一项工程奇迹：世界最长隧道——在海底建设。

规划中的隧道长度为连接英法的海峡隧道的两倍多，对这个最新宏伟工程北京丝毫不缺雄心。

这个长达123公里的隧道将连接北部大连市和东海岸的烟台市。

中国工程院院士王梦恕说，新隧道将令两座城市之间的运距减少1280公里，可能最早2015年或2016年开工。

此外，它还将构成从中国冰天雪地的北方到海南岛的高铁网络的重要一环。

中国有着建设宏大工程的历史。

这个国家造了全球最大规模的高铁网络、最长的桥梁和几座最高的摩天大楼。

大连市和烟台市位置图英法海底隧道即便如此，这项耗资405亿美元的海底隧道工程也存在几个挑战。

工程人员将尝试在海床100英尺以下的坚硬岩石中钻出三条隧洞，一条为汽车设立，一条为火车，还有一条用于维护。

他们还需在隧道沿线的岛屿上挖出竖坑以保持空气流通。

但该区域易受地震袭击，隧道还将横贯两条主断层，专家警告需特别小心。

一名研究人员说：“政府在这项工程上的态度很谨慎。

早在20年前我们就建议修这条隧道，许多研究团队此后都曾进行论证。

”“我们组建了特别小组来研究英法海峡隧道。

因为它是世界上最好的范例。

伊丽莎白女王号航空母舰英语介绍作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Biggest Ship I've Ever SeenLast summer, my family went on a really cool trip to Portsmouth, England. We went to see the HMS Queen Elizabeth, which is a gigantic aircraft carrier ship. An aircraft carrier is a special type of ship that has planes that can take off and land right on the ship itself! It's like having a floating airport on the ocean. The HMS Queen Elizabeth is the biggest ship I've ever seen in my whole life. Let me tell you all about this awesome ship!The HMS Queen Elizabeth is enormous - it's over 900 feet long, which is almost as long as three football fields put together! It's also 230 feet wide, which means it's about as wide as a baseball diamond. And get this - it weighs a massive 65,000 tons, which is more than 54 blue whales put together. That's a LOT of weight!This ship is so big that it can hold up to 40 airplanes and helicopters onboard at once. The airplanes take off and land onthe flight deck, which is a huge flat runway on the top of the ship. The flight deck alone is bigger than three soccer fields! Planes can take off and land on the flight deck even when the ship is moving through the ocean waves. How cool is that?When we visited, we got to walk all around the huge flight deck and see the airplanes up close. They looked like normal airplanes, but they were specially designed to be able to take off and land on the short runway. Some looked like fighter jets, some were bigger transport planes, and some were helicopters too. It was so amazing seeing all those aircraft parked right there on the top of this gigantic ship!Below the flight deck is where the sailors live and work. There is enough living space for over 1,600 sailors and officers to live onboard! The inside kind of reminds me of a big city, with things like a chapel, a gym, and even a bowling alley for the sailors to use. There are cafeterias where the sailors eat, medical facilities if they get sick or hurt, and even little shops to buy snacks and supplies. The sailors basically have everything they need right there on the ship.One of the coolest parts was getting to see the command room, which is like the bridge where the ship is controlled from. It has huge windows and lots of computer screens and controls.That's where the captain and other officers steer the ship, monitor the radar, and keep track of everything happening onboard. I even got to sit in the captain's chair! From the command room, the crew can also coordinate all the aircraft operations happening up on the flight deck.Down in the very bottom of the ship are the huge engine rooms with the powerful engines that propel the ship through the water. The Queen Elizabeth has two huge propeller shafts that spin propellers that are over 30 feet across! The engines can generate enough power to run 285,000 kettles or vacuum cleaners all at once. With all that power, the ship can hit top speeds of over 25 knots, which is about 29 miles per hour. For such an enormous ship, that's pretty darn fast!The HMS Queen Elizabeth is incredible for so many reasons. Not only is it the biggest ship in the Royal Navy, it's actually one of the biggest ships in the whole world! It represents the cutting edge of shipbuilding technology. Everything about it isstate-of-the-art and high-tech. At the same time, it carries on over 100 years of proud tradition as the latest in a long line of great aircraft carriers the Royal Navy has operated.For me though, the coolest thing was just getting to experience the sheer size and scale of this gigantic ship. Standingup on the flight deck looking out, all you could see was the endless flat surface stretching out around you. And then looking down over the sides, the hull of the ship plunged down below the waterline as far as the eye could see. It gave me a strange feeling of being on something truly massive yet also surprisingly graceful as it glided through the water.I'll never forget the first time I saw the HMS Queen Elizabeth come into view as we approached the naval base. Slowly, this mountainous gray shape started appearing on the horizon, getting bigger and bigger until its full enormity was revealed. I couldn't believe something so immense could actually float! The Queen Elizabeth makes even the biggest cruise ships look tiny in comparison. It really is an engineering marvel.Getting to tour the HMS Queen Elizabeth was one of the highlights of our whole trip to England. I learned so much about how aircraft carriers work, what life is like for the sailors onboard, and the rich history behind this incredible ship. But even more than that, it opened my eyes to just how mind-blowingly huge modern ships can be. I'll certainly never look at boats the same way again! If you ever get a chance to see the Queen Elizabeth yourself, I highly recommend it. Just being in its presence is an unforgettable experience that makes you feel so small yet soamazed at the same time. It's definitely the biggest ship this 4th grader has ever seen!篇2The Biggest Ship I've Ever SeenHave you ever seen an aircraft carrier up close? They are some of the largest ships in the world! Last summer, my family and I got to tour the HMS Queen Elizabeth, one of the newest and most impressive aircraft carriers ever built. It was an amazing experience that I'll never forget.The HMS Queen Elizabeth is named after the famous English queen who ruled over 400 years ago. But this modern Queen Elizabeth is a towering technological marvel of ships. At 920 feet long, it is nearly as big as three football fields lined up in a row! It's so massive that you can't even see over the top of it unless you're really high up.As we approached the ship at the naval base, I was stunned by its sheer size. The Queen Elizabeth is 230 feet across at its widest point - wider than a super highway! It's also an incredible 92 feet tall from the waterline to the top of its tower. Looking up at it made my neck hurt. "How did they build something so enormous?" I wondered.Our tour guide told us that the Queen Elizabeth weighs over 65,000 tons - that's as much as 51 adult blue whales! And it can carry a crew of over 1,600 sailors, officers, and aviators to operate the ship and its aircraft. Just housing and feeding over 1,600 people must be incredibly difficult on board.As we walked across the gigantic flight deck, I was amazed by all the different aircraft sitting on the deck. There were roaring F-35B Lightning II stealth fighter jets, huge transport helicopters, and smaller utility helicopters too. Our guide said the Queen Elizabeth can actually carry up to 40 aircraft at a time!She told us that the flight deck is like a miniature airport runway - it's 920 feet long and 230 feet wide with landing guidance systems to help pilots touch down precisely. Around the edges are several smaller decks for aircraft maneuvers and logistics. I couldn't believe so many different flight operations could happen on one ship at the same time.Below the flight deck are many levels containing everything the ship needs to operate at sea for months. There are machinery rooms with giant turbines and generators. There are storage rooms for weapons and ammunition. There are lounges, kitchens, and sleeping quarters for the crew. There are workshops andservice areas for fixing aircraft and machinery. It's like a floating city crossed with a airport!One of the coolest areas was the hangar deck where aircraft can be sheltered from storms. It's an enormous room that can fit almost a dozen fighter jets underneath the flight deck. There are elevators to move jets from the hangar up to the flight deck for takeoff. It's like this ship has multiple levels - levels for flying planes, levels for fixing planes, levels for sailors to live on. So awesome!My favorite spot on the whole ship was the command center where the Captain and officers control everything happening on board. It has advanced radar, communications, and electronic warfare systems to track aircraft, ships, and even missiles for hundreds of miles. There are crews monitoring the status of every system, deploying fighter jets, directing takeoffs and landings. It's like an ultra high-tech video game control room! I got to sit in the Captain's chair and it made me feel powerful.Our tour guide told us that the Queen Elizabeth is kind of like a floating military base. It can instantly deploy troops, aircraft, vehicles, and supplies to crisis zones around the world. Its fighter jets can attack enemy forces from the air or provide air support to soldiers on the ground. Its radar can detect potential threatsacross the seas. Pretty much wherever it sails, it projects British military power and strength!At the end of our tour, I just stood on the deck in awe, gazing over the railings. This ship is so massive and incredibly advanced. Its technology and capabilities seem like science fiction brought to life. I can't even imagine all the work that went into designing and building something so huge and complex. The Queen Elizabeth really is an engineering marvel.When I grow up, I think I might want to be a sailor or naval officer serving on this great ship. Or maybe an aerospace engineer to help design the next generation of aircraft carriers. Touring the HMS Queen Elizabeth opened my eyes to the amazing possibilities of ships and aircraft working together to explore and defend our world. All I know is, I have a profound new appreciation for the women and men of the Royal Navy who operate this modern medieval castle of the seas!篇3The Queen Elizabeth Aircraft CarrierHi everyone! Today, I want to tell you about a really cool thing called the Queen Elizabeth Aircraft Carrier. It's a huge ship that can fly planes and it's super awesome!The Queen Elizabeth Aircraft Carrier is one of the biggest ships in the whole world. It's like a floating city on the water! Can you imagine that? It's longer than three football fields put together and it's taller than a ten-story building. Wow!This aircraft carrier is named after Queen Elizabeth II, who is the Queen of the United Kingdom. It's really special because it's the first aircraft carrier of its kind in the UK. It was built to protect the country and help keep us safe.The Queen Elizabeth Aircraft Carrier has a lot of amazing features. It has a big runway on its deck where planes can take off and land. Imagine seeing planes flying from a ship in the middle of the ocean! That's so cool!Inside the ship, there are lots of rooms for the crew to live in. There are bedrooms, a kitchen, a hospital, and even a gym! The crew members work really hard to make sure everything on the ship runs smoothly.But the most exciting part is the planes! The aircraft carrier can carry different types of planes, like fighter jets and helicopters. These planes are really powerful and can help protect the ship and the country. Just imagine being a pilot and flying one of those planes!The Queen Elizabeth Aircraft Carrier can travel really far. It can go for a long time without needing to refuel. It can sail across oceans and visit different countries. It's like a giant adventure on the water!This amazing ship shows how advanced technology can be. It took a long time and a lot of hard work to build it. Many people worked together to make it happen. It's a great example of teamwork!In conclusion, the Queen Elizabeth Aircraft Carrier is a super cool and important ship. It can fly planes, protect the country, and go on exciting adventures. It's an incredible engineering marvel that we can all be proud of. Maybe one day, some of you might even get to see it in person and be inspired to build amazing things too. Keep dreaming big, my friends!I hope you liked learning about the Queen Elizabeth Aircraft Carrier. It's truly an incredible ship!篇4伊丽莎白女王号航空母舰伊丽莎白女王号航空母舰是世界上最大的军舰之一，它是英国的骄傲。

伊丽莎白女王号航空母舰英语介绍作文全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hello everyone! Today I want to tell you about the HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier. It's a really big and cool ship!The HMS Queen Elizabeth is the largest aircraft carrier ever built for the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom. It is named after Queen Elizabeth I and is sometimes called the "QE" for short. The ship was commissioned in 2017 and is used to carry fighter jets, helicopters, and other aircraft for the Royal Navy.The aircraft carrier is over 920 feet long and can carry up to 40 aircraft on its flight deck. It has a crew of around 700 people, including pilots, sailors, and engineers who work together to keep the ship running smoothly.One of the coolest things about the HMS Queen Elizabeth is that it has a ski jump on its flight deck. This helps the aircraft take off quickly and easily, even with heavy loads. The ship also has a top speed of around 25 knots, which is pretty fast for such a big ship!The aircraft carrier is like a floating city, with its own hospital, gym, and even a cinema for the crew to relax in their downtime. It can stay at sea for long periods of time without needing to refuel, thanks to its nuclear power source.I think the HMS Queen Elizabeth is an amazing ship that shows just how powerful and advanced the Royal Navy is. It's really cool to think about all the aircraft and weapons it carries, and how it helps to protect our country and keep us safe.That's all for my introduction to the HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier. I hope you enjoyed learning about this incredible ship! Thank you for listening!篇2Hello everyone! Today I want to tell you about the Elizabeth Queen aircraft carrier!The Elizabeth Queen aircraft carrier is a super big ship that can carry lots of airplanes. It is like a floating city on the sea! It has a long runway on the top where the planes can take off and land. It is really cool!On the aircraft carrier, there are so many rooms and different areas. There are rooms for the pilots to sleep and eat, rooms forthe engineers to fix the planes, and even a hospital! It is like a small town but on a ship.The airplanes on the Elizabeth Queen are very powerful. They can fly really fast and can even shoot missiles! The pilots are very brave and skilled, they are like superheroes in the sky.When the Elizabeth Queen is out at sea, it is like a big fortress that can protect our country. It can travel to different parts of the world and show our flag to other countries. It is really amazing!I would love to visit the Elizabeth Queen one day and see all the cool planes and meet the brave pilots. It must be so exciting to be on board such an awesome aircraft carrier!That's all for my introduction of the Elizabeth Queen aircraft carrier. I hope you enjoyed learning about it! Thank you for listening!篇3Hello everyone, I'm so excited to tell you all about the HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier! It's like a big floating city in the sea!The HMS Queen Elizabeth is the largest aircraft carrier ever built for the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom. It's super duper huge, measuring over 280 meters long and weighing over 65,000 tons. Can you imagine how big that is? It's like a giant floating fortress!This amazing ship can carry up to 40 aircraft, including F-35 Lightning II fighter jets and helicopters. It has a ski-jump ramp at the front of the ship to help the planes take off. It's so cool to watch them zoom into the sky!The ship also has a big deck where the planes can land. It's like a giant puzzle trying to fit all the planes on the deck. The pilots have to be really skilled to land safely on the moving ship. It must be so thrilling to be a pilot on the HMS Queen Elizabeth!Not only does the aircraft carrier have planes, but it also has a hospital, a gym, a cinema, and even a bakery. Imagine watching a movie while floating on the sea! How awesome is that?The crew on the HMS Queen Elizabeth work super hard to make sure everything runs smoothly. They have to work together like a big family to keep the ship safe and sound. It must be so exciting to live and work on a ship like this!I hope you enjoyed learning about the HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier. It's such a fascinating and impressive ship that plays a vital role in defending our country. I can't wait to learn more about it and maybe even visit one day! Bye for now!篇4Hello everyone, my name is Emma and today I want to tell you all about the Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier! It's super cool and big like a floating city on the sea.The Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier is one of the largest warships ever built in the United Kingdom. It is named after Queen Elizabeth II, who is the queen of England. The ship can carry up to 40 aircraft, including helicopters and fighter jets, and it has a crew of around 1,600 people. That's a lot of people working together to make sure the ship runs smoothly!The aircraft carrier is like a floating airport, with a deck that is over 280 meters long. The planes take off and land using a long runway on the deck, which is also known as the flight deck. It's really exciting to watch the planes zooming off into the sky or touching down gently on the deck.Inside the aircraft carrier, there are all kinds of cool rooms and areas. There's a control tower where the crew can coordinatethe planes taking off and landing, a hangar where the planes are stored and maintained, and even a hospital in case anyone gets sick or hurt.The Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier is also equipped with all kinds of high-tech weapons and defense systems to protect itself and its crew. It can travel at speeds of up to 25 knots, which is super fast for a ship this big! It's also able to stay at sea for long periods of time without needing to refuel.Overall, the Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier is an amazing piece of engineering and a symbol of the strength and capability of the Royal Navy. It's so cool to think about all the planes, helicopters, and people working together to make this ship sail smoothly through the oceans. I hope you enjoyed learning about this awesome warship as much as I did! Thank you for listening!篇5Hello everyone, today I want to tell you all about the HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier! It's super cool and amazing!First of all, the HMS Queen Elizabeth is a really big ship. It's actually the biggest ship ever built for the Royal Navy. It's like a floating city on the ocean! The ship is so big that it can carry up to 40 aircraft at a time.The aircraft carrier is named after Queen Elizabeth I, who was a famous queen of England from a long time ago. She was known for being very powerful and strong, just like this ship!The HMS Queen Elizabeth is not just a normal ship though, it's actually an aircraft carrier. That means it can carry lots of airplanes and helicopters to help protect the country. It's like a flying airport on the water!The ship has a crew of over 1,000 people who work hard every day to keep the ship running smoothly. They have to do lots of different jobs, like flying the planes, fixing the engines, and keeping the ship clean.One of the coolest things about the HMS Queen Elizabeth is that it has a ski jump at the front of the ship. This helps the planes take off quickly and easily, like they're skiing down a hill! It's really fun to watch.In conclusion, the HMS Queen Elizabeth is an amazing aircraft carrier that helps protect our country and keep us safe. It's a powerful and important ship that we should all be proud of. Thanks for listening to my presentation!篇6Hello everyone, today I am going to introduce you to the HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier! It is so cool and amazing!The HMS Queen Elizabeth is the largest and most powerful aircraft carrier ever built for the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom. It is like a floating city on the sea! The ship is named after Queen Elizabeth I and is operated by the Royal Navy.This aircraft carrier is super big, like a giant floating playground! It is 280 meters long, which is almost three football fields long! It can carry up to 40 aircraft, including F-35B Lightning II jets and helicopters. Can you imagine how many planes can fit on this ship?The HMS Queen Elizabeth is like a floating airport because it can launch and land aircraft on its deck. It has a ski jump ramp at the front of the ship to help the planes take off. The deck is so busy with planes taking off and landing, it's like a big game of airplanes!The ship is also like a fortress on the sea because it is equipped with advanced weapons and defense systems. It can protect itself and its crew from any threats on the sea. The crew on board works together to keep the ship running smoothly and safely.The HMS Queen Elizabeth is not just a ship, it is a symbol of the strength and power of the Royal Navy. It travels around the world, showing the flag of the United Kingdom and representing the country's naval power.I hope you enjoyed learning about the HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier. It is such a cool and impressive ship that I wish I could visit one day! Thank you for listening to my introduction. Bye bye!篇7Hello everyone! Today I want to introduce you to the HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier, also known as the Queen Elizabeth Class aircraft carrier. It is a super cool warship that belongs to the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom.First of all, let me tell you about the size of this amazing aircraft carrier. It is a whopping 280 meters long, which is about the length of three football fields! Can you imagine that? It also weighs around 70,000 tonnes, which is super heavy!The Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier is like a floating city on the sea. It can carry up to 40 aircraft, including F-35B Lightning II fighter jets and helicopters. These aircraft can take off and landon the ship's flight deck, which is like a giant runway. The ship also has a ski-jump ramp at the front to help the aircraft take off.There are over 1,600 crew members on board the HMS Queen Elizabeth. They work in different areas of the ship like the bridge, the hangar deck, the flight deck, and the mess decks where they eat and sleep. The crew members work really hard to keep the ship running smoothly and to make sure everyone is safe.The Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier is equipped withstate-of-the-art weapons and defense systems to protect itself and its crew. It can sail at a speed of over 25 knots, which is super fast for a ship this big! It is also powered by two gas turbines and four diesel engines, which help it to travel long distances without refueling.Overall, the HMS Queen Elizabeth is an impressive warship that plays a vital role in protecting the waters around the United Kingdom and supporting military operations around the world. It is a symbol of the Royal Navy's strength and commitment to keeping the seas safe.I hope you enjoyed learning about the HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier. It's such a cool ship, don't you think? Who knows,maybe one day you'll get to see it in person or even visit it yourself! Thank you for listening!篇8The Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier is super big and super cool! It's like a floating city on the sea. It's called the HMS Queen Elizabeth, and it's the biggest ship ever built for the Royal Navy. It can carry more than 40 aircraft, like helicopters and fighter jets.The aircraft carrier is really important because it can carry out lots of different missions. It can help with disaster relief, show off the navy's power, and even fight in wars. The Queen Elizabeth has a really long runway where planes can take off and land. It also has lots of technology to keep it safe, like radars and missiles.Inside the aircraft carrier, there are lots of rooms for sailors to live and work in. There's a big kitchen that can serve thousands of meals a day, a hospital for treating sick or injured people, and even a gym for sailors to stay fit. The ship can stay at sea for months at a time, so it's important for everyone to be comfortable.The Queen Elizabeth is named after Queen Elizabeth I and II, who were both powerful and important queens in British history.They would be proud to have such an amazing ship named after them. The aircraft carrier shows that the Royal Navy is strong and ready to defend the country whenever it's needed. It's a symbol of Britain's power and pride.I think the Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier is super awesome, and I would love to see it in person one day. It's like a giant floating playground for the navy, and it's really impressive to see all the planes taking off and landing. I'm glad that we have such a cool ship to protect our country and show the world how strong we are. Go Queen Elizabeth!篇9Hello everyone, I'm going to tell you about the HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier. It's super cool! The HMS Queen Elizabeth is one of the biggest and most powerful warships in the world. It's like a floating city on the sea!The aircraft carrier is named after Queen Elizabeth I, who was a famous queen of England a long time ago. The ship is more than 900 feet long and can carry up to 40 aircraft, like helicopters and fighter jets. That's a lot of planes!The HMS Queen Elizabeth has a crew of over 1,000 people. They work hard to keep the ship running smoothly and to makesure all the aircraft are ready for takeoff. It's like a big team working together to protect our country.The aircraft carrier has a special ski jump on the front of the ship that helps the planes take off. It's like a ramp for the planes to launch into the sky. How cool is that?The HMS Queen Elizabeth can travel at speeds of up to 30 knots, which is super fast for a ship this big. It's like a giant speed boat on the ocean!So, that's the HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier. It's a powerful ship that helps protect our country and keep us safe. It's amazing to think about all the cool things it can do!篇10The Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier is like a huge floating city on the sea! It's so big that it can carry lots of planes and helicopters, and even some big trucks and cars.The Queen Elizabeth has a long flat deck where the planes can take off and land. It's like a big highway in the sky! The planes zoom down the deck and then fly up into the sky, it's so cool to watch.There are lots of rooms inside the carrier, like bedrooms, kitchens, and even a hospital. The people who work on the carrier live here for months at a time, and they work really hard to keep everything running smoothly.One of the most important jobs on the carrier is the captain. He's like the boss of the whole ship! He gets to steer the carrier and make sure everyone is safe and happy.The Queen Elizabeth is part of the Royal Navy in the United Kingdom. It helps to protect the country and keep everyone safe. It's like a big superhero on the sea!I think the Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier is super cool and I hope I can visit it one day and see all the amazing planes and helicopters up close. It's like a big adventure on the sea!。

英国新航母的建造计划一直受限于财政。

女王级航母的开工预示着英国重新打造以航母为核心的全球舰队，试图重续200年前的辉煌。

英国伊丽莎白女王号航母的球鼻艏组件BAE系统公司于2010年2月25日在“伊丽莎白女王”级航母的未来母港——朴茨茅斯海军基地开始航母建造工作。

英国早在9年前已开始讨论建造新航母，因为正在服役的3艘航母“无敌”号、“皇家方舟”号及“卓越”号分别于1977年至1981年建成，不但年纪老迈，而且设备落后，赶不上国际军事形势发展。

2005年8月，“无敌”号提早退役，“皇家方舟”号又正好处于为期半年的维修期，英国海军一度只剩下“卓越”号服役，出现严重的“航母荒”，影响了英国海军的战斗力。

退役的无敌号航母虽然英国早就有需要建造两艘新航母，但受限于财政状况，建造计划始终无法落实。

与此同时，法国也需要建造一艘先进的新型航母，以适应国际新形势，但航母越是先进，建造成本越高，法国也碍于财政状况，计划一直无法落实。

2006年，法国泰利斯公司采取主动，向英国提出联手建造新一代航空母舰的建议，由双方共同承担费用，以降低成本。

泰利斯的建议是把英法的航母建造计划合二为一，两国共同建造三艘航母，两艘归英国，一艘归法国，建造经费按比例分摊，法国方面估计，合建计划可为英国节省5亿英镑。

自从建议提出后，两国国防部确曾积极进行研究，商讨具体合作事宜，包括航母设计及制作分工等。

在动力系统方面，法国原本期望双方沿用本国海军现役的“戴高乐”号航空母舰上的K-15核反应堆，但考虑英国的意愿，法国愿意改用常规燃气动力。

后来两国又讨论过将三分之二的建造工作放在英国本土进行，其中包括三艘航母的船体部分，剩余的部分则在法国圣纳泽尔造船厂完成。

据英国《独立报》披露，合建计划最终泡汤，最大原因是英国BAe系统公司不愿意和法国泰利斯公司分摊建造工程，这可能是出于行业之间的竞争，也可能是BAe没有信心在限期内完成3艘航母的船体工程，为免延误工程，所以拒绝合作。

英国的伊丽莎白女王级航母用双岛式舰桥，是否可降低电磁干扰？伊丽莎白女王级航母采用双岛上层建筑形式，官方对其优点的说法是：功能分区明确；甲板布列合理；改善着舰空域的气流场，也有部分报道将改善电磁兼容性作为优点之一。

航母该使用双岛还是单岛设计，目前尚没有定论，即便是官方认同的三点好处，单岛形式的航母通过合理设计也是可以实现的。

如美国尼米兹级，一直以来基本延续单岛加独立天线塔的设计形式。

因此，无论是单岛还是双岛，其优势体现在设计的优化，而不是形式本身。

至于双岛形式能否改善电磁兼容性的问题也不可一概而论。

电磁干扰取决于干扰源、传播途径、被干扰设备等3个主要要素。

首先，控制干扰源的干扰发射，包括全舰合理的频谱规划、避免工作频带重叠、对干扰源发射带外的抑制、发射时间、空域、功率的控制等。

其次，阻断或抑制干扰传播途径，包括设置挡板格栅、布置远离等。

最后，还有对被干扰设备进行优化设计，包括滤波、短分时、信号处理等系列措施。

最不得已的情况下只能采用长时间分时工作方式，这就导致了马岛海战中“谢菲尔德”号的惨剧。

据悉，伊丽莎白女王级配置的搜索雷达包括前岛顶部的三坐标雷达(S波段)和后岛顶部的S1850M 雷达(Lz皮段)。

这种方式类似于尼米兹级的SPS-48E和SPS49雷达，前者负责中远程搜索以及跟踪，后者负责远程警戒。

在这样的配置下，设备间的干扰主要来自于带外杂散和低频段雷达的谐波对高频段雷达的干扰。

在良好的总体电磁兼容设计下，如果谐波对设备造成干扰，需要对发射和接收频率进行规避设计，这往往在设备研制初期就由总体设计单位规划、由设备单位贯彻落实了。

如果依靠总体布置远离来抑制干扰，假设单岛时两设备距离30米，双岛时增加至ijso米，其能够达到的干扰衰减理论上极少，设计师不会因理论上极少的衰减而确定能够成功控制电磁干扰。

不过对某些通信设备而言，距离增加20米后对其工作还是颇有好处的。

另外，双岛设计为全舰提供了两个制高点供主战雷达布置，对于减少天线盲区，提高其性能的有效发挥也是颇有裨益的。

【海上点将台】
英国“伊丽莎白女王”号航空母舰
图解军舰
海
“伊丽莎白女王”级航空母舰，是英国皇家海军有史以来排水量最大的战舰，首次使用燃气轮机和全电驱动，拥有可供舰载机短距滑跃起飞及垂直降落的双舰岛。

“伊丽莎白女王”级航空母舰将取代“无敌”级航空母舰，成为英国未来的远洋主力。

该级航空母舰计划建造两艘，“伊丽莎白女王”号是首舰，目前已经加入英国皇家海军服役，其上搭载的F-35B隐身舰载战斗机已陆续到位。

该级舰采用少见的双舰岛布局，是综合了各种设计方案之后的产物，是目前世界上唯一的双舰岛航母
滑跃式甲板下方布置了锚泊机构
舰首部设计了滑跃式起飞甲板，便于舰上搭载的F-35B 垂直短距起降战斗机起飞，节省了甲板空间
近程防御武器
上点
将
台
右舷安排了两部飞机升降机。

受限于整体设计的局限，该舰只能这样布置升降机，对于战机的转运效率有一定影响
该舰的主要舰载作战机是美国洛马公司研制的F-35B 型垂直短距起降多用途战斗机，因财力有限，英国难以装备使用弹射系统的大甲板航母，采用这个型号的战机，也是经过各方权衡之后的理性选择
飞行甲板下层是机库，可安排各型战斗机和直升机，机库下面有全舰指挥控制及信息中心，以及为全体舰员服务的医疗设施和生活空间
“伊丽莎白女王”号是使用燃气轮机和全电推进的航空母舰，其动力系统位于船体下层，整体结构比较紧凑简洁
上
点
将
台。

2014年7月初，英国皇家海军的“伊丽莎白女王”号（HMS Queen Elisabeth，R08）航母正式下水，这艘英国皇家海军历史上建造的最大战舰（排水量7.2万吨）将成为英国海军未来的核心和英国海上实力的新象征、新旗舰。

“伊丽莎白女王”号的下水仪式可谓隆重，英国女王亲临仪式现场，英国皇家海军还出动了现役唯一一艘航母“卓越”号前来助阵，但转眼“卓越”号计划在今年年底前退役出售，以及“伊丽莎白女王”号的正式入役形成初始战斗力还要假以三年五载，届时英国就将出现一段时间的航母空缺期。

英国皇家海军中具有航空作战能力的舰艇也就只剩下一艘“海洋”号（HMS Ocean）两栖攻击舰了。

这艘以“无敌”级为原型，不设滑跃起飞甲板（也未像两栖船坞登陆舰那样设置船坞），非关键部位采用民用商船标准建造的“经济型”两栖舰艇，在编制上不属于航母，但在当下英国海军缺乏航母的现状下，也就成为了英国海军航空力量的主力。

但不管怎么说，英国海军在时隔71年后，终于可以再次用“有史以来最大”来形容这艘下水的海军新战舰。

如果说“伊丽莎白女王”号代表着不列颠海军的强军梦，意味着联合王国的复兴，可能会有些勉强，但至少如“伊丽莎白女王”号的舰铭“Semper Eadem”（始终如一）所表达的那样：一支海军对辉煌的追求始终如一，一个国家对复兴的梦想始终如一。

这种“始终如一”的底气也正源于昔日英帝国海军曾独步大洋，支撑着整个不列颠帝国的宏图霸业。

虽然战后的英国航母在预算削减和规模裁减的桎梏中曲折发展着，但这曲折探索过程中的技术和经验不会消失。

终于在下水的“伊丽莎白女王”号上，我们依旧看到了英式航母上“始终如一”的创意——双舰岛、综合全电推进、巨型总段模块建造。

且不论这些创意的成败与否，至少这些创意为他国的航母设计、建造提供了更多的想象空间，这种尝试值得点赞。

百年航母发展史的起点就是英国航母。

正是英国人对航母的认知理解和灵感创新上“始终如一”的层出不穷，引领着航母的技术变革，为航母的萌芽孕育、创生出世、发展壮大，做出了巨大贡献。