紧固件交货技术条件螺栓/螺母组件弹簧垫圈 DIN 267 Part 26翻译：丁晨昊校对：王洪伟审核：批准：紧固件交货技术条件螺栓/螺母组件弹簧垫圈DIN 267 Part 26为了和ISO发表的标准保持一致的通用性，使用逗号作为十进制标记。
1 范围和应用领域本标准用于螺栓/螺母组件的弹簧垫圈和涉及到以下标准：DIN 127 尖头和方头的弹簧锁紧垫圈DIN 128 弯的和波浪状的弹簧锁紧垫圈DIN 137 弯的和波浪状的弹簧垫圈DIN 6796 螺栓/螺母组件锥形弹簧垫圈DIN 6904 螺钉组件弹簧垫圈DIN 6905 螺钉组件弹簧锁紧垫圈DIN 6908 螺钉组件锥形弹簧垫圈DIN 6913 弹簧锁紧垫圈和保险环DIN 7980 凸园头螺栓弹簧锁紧垫圈本标准也被推荐用于非标准化的螺栓/螺母组件弹簧垫圈。
除了弹簧钢制造的弹簧垫圈外都不是本标准的目的。
注：弹簧垫圈用以抵消由螺栓/螺母的安装或蠕变引起的固有张力的损失，其提供了充分的回弹力以增加组件全部回弹力。
并且其固有弹性可以补偿张力的任何损失，那样所需的夹紧力就确保了能维持组件的可靠性。
如果夹具组件间的剪力克服了摩擦力的话，在螺栓和螺母间就可能有相对位移。
如果发生了这样的情况，那么弹簧垫圈也不能避免组件的松动。
因此，当使用这些组件的时候，需要检查弹簧垫圈是否能有效地作为维持夹紧力的元素。
2 一般要求螺栓/螺母组件弹簧垫圈的有效性依靠材料（见条款3）和是否与条款4所规定的试验标准相一致。
弹簧垫圈应有平滑的表面且没有氧化和毛刺。
当产品标准要求的时候需要指定弹簧垫圈的表面粗糙度。
作为发送的条件，其必须能放锈。
除非有相应的产品标准（如通过规定“磷酸盐化的和涂油的”，用Znphr表示）或特殊协议所规定，弹簧垫圈的表面加工应用DIN 267 Part 1。
DIN 267 Part 9应用于静电涂层。
注：当在水溶液中对金属涂层的最新方法被使用的时候，不能取消氢的脆化（见DIN 267 Part 9）。
1. 适用范围本技术条件适用于螺纹直径M6至M36、强度等级小于等于10.9级（螺钉）和小于等于10级（螺母）的热镀锌紧固件（主要是指螺钉和螺母）。
在此标准中规定的最小镀层厚度也适用于热镀锌紧固件（垫圈和环）。
2. 总论热镀锌紧固件一般以镀层厚度，而不以它的单位面积重量作为主要指标。
所以本标准主要对镀层厚度以及镀层厚度的标记和检验方法作了规定。
如某些个别情况需要以单位面积重量作为基础，则以100μm镀层厚度≈700g/m2为准。
ISO米制外形和6g公差的螺钉螺纹的基本偏差对于第四节中规定的最小镀层厚度的镀上是不够的。
为了使热镀锌后螺栓和螺母的螺纹配合达到要求，有以下两种情况：a）ISO米制螺钉螺纹的公差位置a必须按照DIN13，基本偏差必须按照表1，因而在热镀锌之前必须位于公差等级8级（制造等级C）或6级（制造等级A）之内。
电镀之后不允许超出螺钉螺纹的零线。
b）电镀镀锌层要求的偏差置于螺母上，因此在镀锌后允许超出螺钉螺纹的零线。
这种情况只发生在螺栓和螺母一起作为配件时。
螺钉螺纹在热镀锌后不允许超出零线。
热镀锌前的最小尺寸加上最小镀层厚度得出镀锌螺纹得最小尺寸（参见表1）。
螺母螺纹不作热镀锌处理，而是使用热镀锌毛坯进行切削。
按DIN ISO4759第一部分得极限偏差适用于热镀锌以前的状态。
不允许由于热镀锌而影响零件的装配性能。
镀锌层的灰色外观取决于材料，而不是腐蚀保护的质量指标。
以黑色金属材料为基底金属的成品件进行热镀锌时，对镀锌层的要求参看DIN 50 976。
DIN ISO898第一和第二部分或DIN 267第四部分适用于机械性能的评价。
然而与此不一致的是由于螺纹基本偏差（公差位置a）相对增加，或螺钉和螺母的螺纹侧面重叠减小，使得最小断裂力和检测力变小（参见表3和表4）。
3. 标记热镀锌紧固件本身按各自的尺寸标准进行标记。
热镀锌处理按DIN 50976用符号tZn进行标记。
这一符号同时包括了按表1的镀层厚度（测量点的最小镀层厚度）。
DEUTSCHE NORM 267-27{Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original should be consulted as the authoritative text.© No part of this translation may be reproduced without the prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH , 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).!,bÑw"January 2004Technical delivery conditions for fastenersPart 27: Adhesive-coated steel screws, bolts and studsContinued on pages 2 to 8.ICS 21.060.10Supersedes March 1990 edition.Mechanische Verbindungselemente – Teil 27: Schrauben aus Stahl mit klebender Beschichtung – Technische LieferbedingungenIn keeping with current practice in standards published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), a comma has been used throughout as the decimal marker.ForewordThis standard has been prepared by Technical Committee Schrauben mit klebenden oder klemmenden Beschichtungen of the Normenausschuss Mechanische Verbindungselemente (Fasteners Standards Com-mittee).AmendmentsThis standard differs from the March 1990 edition in that it has been completely revised.Previous edition DIN 267-27: 1990-03.All dimensions are in millimetres.1 ScopeThis standard specifies requirements and methods of test for sizes M 3 to M 39 adhesive-coated steel screws, bolts and studs (‘bolts’, for short) with ISO metric screw thread as in DIN ISO 261, assigned to property classes as in DIN EN ISO 898-1, for use at service temperatures ranging from –50 °C to +100 °C and, in special applications, up to 150 °C.2 Normative referencesThis standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These nor-mative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the titles of the publications are listed below. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.DIN 946 Determination of coefficient of friction of bolt/nut assemblies under specified condi-tions DIN 50011-12 Artificial climates in technical applications – Air temperature as a climatological quantityin controlled-atmosphere test installationsDIN EN 20273 Fasteners – Clearance holes for bolts and screws (ISO 273 : 1979)DIN EN ISO 898-1 Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel – Part 1: Bolts,screws and studs (ISO 898-1 : 1999)DIN EN ISO 4032 Hexagon nuts, style 1 – Product grades A and B (ISO 4032 : 1999)English price group 8www.din.de www.beuth.de07.059639684Page 2DIN 267-27: 2004-01DIN EN ISO 4753 Fasteners – Ends of parts with external ISO metric screw thread (ISO 4753 : 1999)DIN EN ISO 7089 Plain washers – Normal series – Product grade A (ISO 7089 : 2000)DIN EN ISO 8673 Hexagon nuts, style 1, with metric fine pitch thread – Product grades A and B(ISO 8673 : 1999)DIN ISO 261 ISO general purpose metric screw threads – General plan (ISO 261 : 1998)3 Concepts3.1 Adhesive coatingCoating applied to the thread of bolts (over their whole circumference) in the form of microencapsulated adhe-sive, the bonding properties of which are activated by the process of bolting, and which serves to prevent the bolts working loose.3.2 Screw-in torqueTorque measured when a bolt is driven into a test nut (designated by M in ).3.3 Input torqueTorque required to tighten a bolt to a level of stress as given in table 1 (designated by M A ).3.4 Breakaway torqueTorque measured at the moment when the relative motion between test nut and bolt is detected in both stressed and unstressed assemblies (designated by M LB ).3.5 Loosening torqueTorque measured after the breakaway point when unscrewing adhesive-coated bolts (designated by M out ).4 Dimensions and designation4.1 Standard coatingUnless otherwise specified, the coating shall cover a zone, measured from the bolt end, of length equal to 1,5 d ± 2 P *). The first two or three turns of thread should be free from coating material to facilitate bolting.Adhesive residue in these turns is permitted unless this adversely affects bolting.d Nominal thread diameter1) Zone to be covered by the coating.2) Two or three turns of thread left uncoated.Figure 1: Length and position of coated zone on bolts with standard coating4.2 Non-standard coatingFor lengths of engagement exceeding 1 d and property classes below 8.8, and for bolts with head of reduced strength, the length of coated zone is to be specified (as a function of the property class) to ease disassembly. The correct length and position of the coated zone is to be established by testing, where necessary.In the case of bolt/nut assemblies, the length and position of the coated zone shall be selected so that it is in complete contact with the nut thread.*) P = pitch.--``,``,`,``,``,`````,,,,,,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---Page 3DIN 267-27: 2004-01If, for design reasons, a different length, l b, or distance from the bolt end, a, of the coated zone is required (cf. figure 2), both dimensions shall be indicated in the standard designation (cf. subclause 4.3), with l b being given a tolerance equal to ± 2 P.l b Length of coated zonea Distance of coated zone from bolt endFigure 2: Length and position of coated zone on bolts with non-standard coating4.3 DesignationThe designation of adhesive-coated bolts conforming to this standard shall include the following items, given in the order below:a) symbol ‘MK’ to indicate that no special requirements regarding the coefficient of friction are specified,or symbol ‘MKL’ to denote a specific coefficient of friction.b) service temperature (for bolts suitable for use at temperatures up to 150 °C);c) values of l b × a, in mm, where appropriate.Examples of designationEXAMPLE 1:Designation of an M 12 steel bolt (M 12), with a nominal length, l, of 80 mm (80), of property class 8.8 (8.8), provided with an adhesive coating for which no special requirements regarding the coefficient of friction are specified (MK):Bolt DIN... – M 12 × 80 – 8.8 – MKEXAMPLE 2:Designation of an M 12 steel bolt (M 12), with a nominal length, l, of 80 mm (80), with long dog point (LD) as in DIN EN ISO 4753, of property class 8.8 (8.8), provided with an adhesive coating with a specific range of friction coefficients (MKL), with a length, l b, of 30 mm and a distance from bolt end, a, of 10 mm (30 × 10): Bolt DIN... – M 12 × 80 – LD – 8.8 – MKL – 30 × 10EXAMPLE 3:Designation of an M 12 steel bolt (M 12), with a nominal length, l, of 80 mm, with long dog point (LD) as in DIN EN ISO 4753, of property class 8.8 (8.8), provided with an adhesive coating with a specific range of friction coefficients (MKL), for use at temperatures up to 150 °C (150), with a length, l b, of 30 mm and a distance from bolt end, a, of 10 mm (30 × 10):Bolt DIN... – M 12 × 80 – LD – 8.8 – MKL – 150 – 30 × 105 Requirements5.1 GeneralFor standard designs of fasteners, the requirements specified in subclause 5.2.1 for ambient temperature and service temperatures up to 100 °C, and those specified in subclauses 5.4 and 5.5 shall be complied with. Any additional requirements, such as those specified in subclause 5.2.1 for service temperatures up to 150 °C and those specified in subclause 5.3, shall be met if so agreed at the time of ordering.5.2 Torques and torque ratios5.2.1 Requirements for bolts when tightenedWhen bolts are tested in accordance with subclause 6.2.1, the requirements for the M LB/M A ratio and M out specified in table 1 shall be complied with.Page 4DIN 267-27: 2004-01Table 1: Torques and torque ratios at ambient temperatureand at temperatures of 100 °C and 150 °C (bolt tightened)Thread size Tightening torque, M A1), inNm, for bolts ofproperty classMinimum breakaway torque,M LB = 0,9 · M A, in Nm, forbolts ofproperty classMinimumM LB/M AratioMaximumloosen-ing torque,M out,in Nm5.6 5.88.8 10.9 12.9 5.6 5.88.8 10.9 12.9M 3 M 4 M 5 M 6M 8 M 10M 8 × 1M 10 × 1,250,61,32,64,511221,22,85,59,523460,541,22,34,19,919,81,12,55,08,620,741,40,90,90,90,90,90,91,53,06,5102655M 12 M 14 M 16M 12 × 1,25, M 12 × 1,5M 14 × 1,5M 16 × 1,53860907912519534,2548171,1112,5175,50,90,90,995160250M 18 M 20 M 22M 18 × 1,5, M 18 × 2M 20 × 1,5, M 20 × 2M 22 × 1,5, M 22 × 21281762402803905301151582162523514770,90,90,9335500800M 24 M 27 M 30M 24 × 2M 27 × 2M 30 × 23104606206701 0001 3502794145586039001 2150,90,90,91 0501 3001 700M 33 M 36 M 39M 33 × 2M 36 × 3M 39 × 38251 1001 4001 8502 3503 0007429901 2601 6652 1152 7000,90,90,92 4003 0004 000For lengths of coated zone smaller than 0,8 d, M LB may be lower.1) M A has been determined on the basis of an overall coefficient of friction, µges, of 0,12, assuming a 90 % utilization ofthe minimum yield stress (property classes 5,6 and 5.8) or 0,2 % proof stress (property classes 8.8, 10.9 and 12.9) for the relevant lowest property class.5.2.2 Requirements for bolts when untightenedTesting with bolts untightened is not required for standard design fasteners, but may be carried out as part of factory production control.When bolts are tested in accordance with subclause 6.2.2, the requirements for M LB and M out specified in table 2 shall be complied with.5.3 Coefficient of frictionIf an adhesive-coated bolt with a specific range of friction coefficients is required, the coefficient of the thread shall lie between 0,10 and 0,16 when tested in accordance with subclause 6.3.NOTE: For adhesive-coated bolts for which no particular requirements regarding the coefficient of friction are specified, this coefficient will generally be higher, which results in a lower achievable stress in the bolt/nut assembly when tightening the bolt.5.4 Corrosion resistanceWhen bolts are tested in accordance with subclause 6.4, the requirements specified in table 1 shall be com-plied with.--``,``,`,``,``,`````,,,,,,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---Page 5DIN 267-27: 2004-01Table 2: Torques at ambient temperature and at temperaturesof 100 °C and 150 °C (bolt untightened)Thread sizeTorques, in NmM in M LB M out Max.Min.Max.M 3 M 4 M 5 M 6M 8 M 10M 8 × 1M 10 × 1,250,20,411,535,50,20,411,84101,53,06,5102655M 12 M 14 M 16M 12 × 1,25, M 12 × 1,5M 14 × 1,5M 16 × 1,57,5111416223595160250M 18 M 20 M 22M 18 × 1,5, M 18 × 2M 20 × 1,5, M 20 × 2M 22 × 1,5, M 22 × 2192230404565335500800M 24 M 27 M 30M 24 × 2M 27 × 2M 30 × 2364249901201651 0501 3001 700M 33 M 36 M 39M 33 × 2M 36 × 3M 39 × 35560702102803302 4003 0004 0005.5 Thermal stabilityWhen bolts are tested in accordance with subclause 6.5, the requirements specified in table 2 shall be com-plied with.6 Testing6.1 GeneralExcept for the test described in subclause 6.2.2, all tests specified in subclauses 6.2 to 6.5 are to be carried out as part of type testing (cf. subclause 5.1).6.2 Determination of breakaway torques, loosening torques and torque ratios6.2.1 Testing with bolt tightenedThe test assembly shall be as shown in figure 3 or 4. The bolt to be tested shall be passed through a washer conforming to DIN EN ISO 7089, free from grease, with a minimum hardness of 200 HV, and a bright finish, and either through two distance blocks (cf. figure 3) or a spacer sleeve (cf. figure 4), and tightened by screwing into a nut at a rate of 30 min–1, until the relevant M A value is reached. The thickness of the blocks or spacer sleeve shall be selected so that the nut thread is in complete contact with the coated zone. For tests at a temperature of 100 °C or 150 °C, the assembly shown in figure 4 should be used, with washers as in DIN EN ISO 7089.Page 6DIN 267-27: 2004-01d and a hardness exceeding 35 HRC5 Nut as in DIN EN ISO 4032 and DIN EN ISO 8673Figure 4: Test assembly with spacer sleeveAfter a cure time of 24 hours at (23 ± 5) °C, the test assembly shall be disassembled by unscrewing the bolt from the nut at a maximum rate of 30 min-1. The breakaway and loosening torques shall be measured and the ratio between them determined. When using the test assembly with spacer sleeve, either the bolt or the nut may be turned.For tests at elevated temperatures, the bolts shall be exposed to the relevant test temperature for three hours and then tested within ten seconds following removal from the oven.6.2.2 Testing with bolt untightenedThe bolt to be tested shall be screwed into a nut at a maximum rate of 30 min–1 so that the nut thread is in complete contact with the coated zone, and the maximum screw-in torque, M in, shall be measured.After a cure time of 24 hours at (23 ± 5) °C, the test assembly shall be disassembled by unscrewing the bolt from the nut at a maximum rate of 30 min–1, and the breakaway and loosening torques shall be measured.--``,``,`,``,``,`````,,,,,,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---Page 7DIN 267-27: 2004-01For tests at elevated temperatures, the bolts shall be exposed to the relevant test temperature for three hours and then tested within ten seconds following removal from the oven.6.3 Determining the coefficient of frictionThe bolt to be tested shall be screwed into a nut at a maximum rate of 30 m–1 until the stress reaches a level equal to 90 % of the yield stress for property class 5.6 or 8.8 bolts, and the coefficient of friction at this point determined as specified in DIN 946.6.4 Testing for corrosion resistanceThe resistance of bolts to the action of corrosive media shall be tested as follows.A test assembly shall be left to cure for 24 hours at (23 ± 5) °C and then conditioned at a given temperature in a given test medium for one week, conditioning temperatures and test media being as follows:a) general purpose oils, lubricants and hydraulic oils: 120 °C;b) fuels: ambient temperature;c) refrigerants, water and glycol: 90 °C;d) brake fluid: 90 °C.Other media and conditioning temperatures shall be the subject of agreement.After conditioning, it shall be checked whether the requirements specified in table 1 are complied with.6.5 Determining the thermal stabilityA test assembly (with the bolt untightened) shall be left to cure for 72 hours and subjected to the test tempera-ture (100 °C or 150 °C ) for 1 000 hours. After cooling to ambient temperature it shall be checked whether the requirements specified in table 2 are complied with.6.6 Test equipment6.6.1 TorquemeterFor torque measurement, a torquemeter, accurate to within 2 % of the upper limit of the given torque range, shall be used.In cases of arbitration, the device shall be chosen so that all values can be read off in the upper half of the measuring range.6.6.2 Test nutFor bolts with coarse pitch thread, a nut as in DIN EN ISO 4032, and for bolts with fine pitch thread, a nut as in DIN EN ISO 8673 shall be used.The nut shall meet the following requirements.a) The property class shall at least be equal to that of the bolt.b) The thread surface shall be bright or blackened.c) The thread of the nut shall be free from oil, grease, and burrs.Test nuts shall be used once only.6.6.3 OvenFor thermal stability tests, an oven of accuracy class 2 as specified in DIN 50011-12 shall be used.6.6.4 Device for determining the coefficient of frictionThe device used to determine the coefficient of friction shall be as specified in DIN 946.7 Instructions for use7.1 Service temperatureAdhesive-coated bolts are normally designed for use at temperatures ranging from –50 °C to + 100 °C and, in special applications, up to 150 °C.7.2 Bolts with additional, friction-reducing coatingsBolts with an additional coating designed to reduce friction shall meet the requirements specified in tables 1 and 2. Where such coatings have been subsequently applied, requirements shall be the subject of agreement, it being of no relevance whether the coating has been applied before or after coating with adhesive.--``,``,`,``,``,`````,,,,,,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---Page 8DIN 267-27: 2004-017.3 Sealing functionAdhesive coatings are not only designed to secure bolt/nut assemblies, but may also have a certain sealing effect. Details for requirements and testing are subject to agreement.7.4 Bolt/nut assembly7.4.1 Nut threadThere are no special requirements with regard to the surface roughness of the nut thread surface. The thread, however, must be free from silicone, molybdenum disulfide and similar separating fluids. Nuts shall be free from burrs. Coated bolts shall not be used together with nuts and threaded holes without a countersunk. NOTE: In cases where the thread is not free from oil or grease, a lower breakaway torque is to be expected. 7.4.2 Tightening procedureTightening of the bolt and, where required, checking of the tightening torque shall be completed within five minutes, since by this time the bonding property of the adhesive will be starting to take full effect. Any other requirements shall be the subject of agreement.NOTE: It should be noted that, at temperatures below 0 °C, curing will take place more slowly.7.5 DisassemblyBolts with a slotted head, hexagon socket thin head cap screws assigned to a property class less than 8.8, and bolts with a head of reduced strength might not be capable of being unscrewed once the adhesive has cured (cf. subclause 4.2).7.6 Re-use of boltsAlthough adhesive-coated bolts are designed for single use only (i.e. on disassembly and reassembly a new bolt is to be used), nuts may be re-used if their thread is cleaned (with a tap). The use of a new nut should be given preference, however.8 Condition on deliveryAdhesive-coated bolts shall be free from oil or grease, any other surface finish being subject to agreement.9 StorageAdhesive-coated bolts shall be protected against moisture, and be stored so that their properties (when test-ed) are maintained for at least four years.Changes in the colour of the coating may be disregarded as long as the properties of bolts (when tested) re-main unaffected.。
