【附20套高考模拟试题】【全国百强校】福建省福建师范大学附属中学2020届高三下学期高考模拟(最后一模)英

福建省福州市福建师范大学附属中学2024届高三下学期校模拟考试数学试时间：120分钟满分：150分命题：高三集备组审核：高三集备组一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的选项中，只有一个选项是符合题目要求的．1．设集合，则等于A ．B ．C ．D ．或2．已知等差数列满足，则A ．B ．C ．D ．3．若函数是奇函数，则的值为A ．1B ．-1C ．D ．04．将甲、乙、丙、丁4人分配到3个不同的工作岗位，每人只去一个岗位，每个岗位都要有人去，则甲、乙二人分别去了不同岗位的概率是A．B ．C ．D ．5．没为单位向量，在方向上的投影向量为，则ABCD ．6．已知，则A ．B ．C ．D ．7．如图，设拋物线的焦点为，不经过焦点的直线上有三个不同的点A ，B ，C ，其中点A ，B 在抛物线上，点在轴上，则与的面积之比是{}{}2210,log 0A x x B x x =->=>∣∣A B ⋂{0}x x >∣{1}x x >∣{1}x x <-∣{1xx <-∣1}x >{}n a 12j 1010a a a a ++++= 11010a a +>11010a a +<3990a a +=5151a =(()ln f x ax =a 1±13122356,a b a b 12b -|2|a b -=311(),(),()552P A P AB P A B === ∣()P B =1525354524y x =F C y BCF ACFA．B ．C ．D ．8．在中，为内一点，，则A ．BCD ．二．多项选择题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多个选项符合题目要求，全部选对的得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分．9．已知复数，下列结论正确的是A ．若，则B ．C ．若，则或D ．若且，则10．冬末春初，人们容易感冒发热，某公司规定：若任意连续7天，每天不超过5人体温高于，则称没有发生群体性发热．根据下列连续7天体温高于人数的统计量，能判定该公司没有发生群体性发热的为A ．中位数是3，众数为2；B．均值小于1，中位数为1；C ．均值为3，众数为4；D ．均值为2．11．已知，则A ．B ．C ．D ．三、填空题：本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分．12．已知圆台的上、下底面的面积分别为，侧面积为，则该圆台的高为______.||1||1BF AF ++||1||1BF AF --22||1||1BF AF ++22||1||1BF AF --ABC 120,2,ACB BC AC D ︒∠==ABC ,120AD CD BDC ︒⊥∠=tan ACD ∠=12,z z 12z z =2212z z =1212z z z z -=-120z z =10z =20z =10z ≠12z z =2121z z =37.3C ︒37.3C ︒12212log ,log 2baa b ⎛⎫== ⎪⎝⎭22a ba b -+=+22b aa b -+=+121eba+>112eab->4π,36π64π13．的展开式中常数项为______．14．已知函数在区间上单调，其中为正整数，，且．则图象的一个对称中心是______；若的值为______．四、解答题：本题共5小题，共77分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．15．（13分）按照《中华人民共和国环境保护法》的规定，每年生态环境部都会同国家发展改革委等部门共同编制《中国生态环境状况公报》，并向社会公开发布．下表是年份2017年2018年2019年2020年2021年年份代码123456.45.55.04.83.8（1）求2017-2021年年份代码与的样本相关系数（精确到0.01）；（2）请用样本相关系数说明该组数据中与之间的关系可用一元线性回归模型进行描述，并求出关于的经验回归方程；（3）预测2024年的酸雨区面积占国土面积的百分比．附：①回归直线的斜率和截距的最小二乘法估计公式分别为：,②样本相关系：③参考数据：16．（15分）已知函数．（1）求曲线在点处的切线方程；（2）若恒成立，求的值：17．（15分）如图，在三棱柱中，，E ，F 分别为的中点，且421x x ⎛⎫+- ⎪⎝⎭()sin()f x x ωϕ=+π2π,63⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭ωπ||2ϕ<ππ32f f ⎛⎫⎛⎫=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭()y f x =π4f ⎛⎫=⎪⎝⎭ϕix iy i x i y y x y x ()()()121ˆˆ,niii n i i x x yy bay bx x x ==--==--∑∑ nx y r =5521170.6,6ii i i i x yy ====≈∑∑()ln(1)()f x ax x a =--∈R ()y f x =(0,(0))f ()0f x ≥a 111ABC A B C -1AC AB ==11,AC BB平面．（1）求棱BC 的长度；（2）若，且的面积，求二面角的正弦值．18．（17分）设是双曲线的左焦点，经过的直线与相交于M ，N 两点.（1）若M ，N 都在双曲线的左支上，求面积的最小值．（2）是否存在轴上一点，使得为定值?若存在，求出点的坐标；若不存在，说明理由．19．（17分）定义首项为1且公比为正数的等比数列为“—数列”．（1）已知等比数列满足：，求证：数列为“—数列"'；（2）已知数列满足：，其中为数列的前项和．①求数列的通项公式；②设为正整数，若存在“—数列”，对任意正整数，当时，都有成立，求的最大值．EF ⊥11AA C C 111BB A B ⊥1A FC 1A FC S =11B A F C --F 221x y Γ-=：F ΓOMN x P PM PN P M {}()*N n a n ∈245321,440a a a a a a =-+={}n a M {}n b 111221,n n n b S b b +==-n S {}n b n {}n b m M {}()*n c n ∈N k k m ≤1k k k c b c +≤≤m2023-2024年高三数学校模拟考参考答案1-8BCCDADBB9．BCD10．BD11．AD12．13．4914．15．【详解】（1）由已知可得，，，（2）由小问1知，与的相关系数接近1，所以与之间具有极强的线性相关关系，可用线性回归模型进行描述．由小问1知，，，所求经验回归方程为．（3）令，则，预测2024年的酸雨区面积占国土面积的百分比为．16．【详解】（1）由，得，因为，所以曲线在点处的切线方程为；（2），①当时，，不符合题意．5π,012⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭π61234535x ++++==522222216.4 5.5 5.0 4.8 3.8 5.112345555ii y x=++++===++++=∑555 5.90.986x x y y x y xyr ----===≈≈y x 0.98,r r ≈-y x ()()()551155222115 5.9ˆ0.59105iii ii i i ii i x x y y x y xybx x xx ====----====---∑∑∑∑ˆˆ 5.1(0.59)3 6.87ay bx =-=--⨯=ˆ0.59 6.87yx =-+8x =ˆ0.598 6.87 2.15y=-⨯+=2.15%()ln(1)f x ax x =--1()(1)1f x a x x'=+<-(0)0,(0)1f f a '==+()y f x =(0,(0))f (1)y a x =+11()(1)11ax a f x a x x x'-++=+=<--0a ≥(1)ln 20f a -=--<②当时，令，解得，当时，在区间上单调递减，当时，在区间上单调递增，所以当时，取得最小值；若恒成立，则，设，则，当时，在区间上单调递增，当时，在区间上单调递减，所以，即的解为．所以；17．【详解】（1）取中点，连接，分别为的中点，则且，又为三棱柱，且分别为的中点，则且，可得且，即四边形DEFB 为平行四边形，故，又平面，则平面，平面，可得，又为AC 的中点，则为等腰三角形，．（2）由（1）可知：，且，即，0a <()0f x '=11x a=+1,1x a ⎛⎫∈-∞+⎪⎝⎭()0,()f x f x '<1,1a ⎛⎫-∞+ ⎪⎝⎭11,1x a ⎛⎫∈+⎪⎝⎭()0,()f x f x '>11,1a ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭11x a=+()f x 111ln()f a a a ⎛⎫+=++- ⎪⎝⎭()0f x ≥1ln()0a a ++-≥()1ln()(0)x x x x ϕ=++-<11()1x x x xϕ'+=+=(,1)x ∈-∞-()0,()x x ϕϕ'>(,1)-∞-(1,0)x ∈-()0,()x x ϕϕ'<(1,0)-()(1)0x ϕϕ≤-=1ln()0a a ++-≥1a =-1a =-AC D ,ED BD ,D E 1,AC AC 1//DE AA 112DE AA =111ABC A B C - F 1BB 1//BF AA 112BF AA =//DE BF DE BF =//EF DB EF ⊥ 11AA C C DB ⊥11AA C C AC ⊂11AA C C DB AC ⊥D ABC 1BC AB ∴==1BC AB ==AC =222AB BC AC +=，则可得，且，平面平面，则，，由（1）知平面平面，则，又，则又，则，平面，平面，平面，则，且，可得，为直角三角形，则以为坐标原点，向量方向为x 轴，y 轴，z 轴正方向建立空间直角坐标系，则，可得，AB BC ∴⊥EF DB ==1111A B B C⊥EF ⊥ 111,AAC C AC⊂11AA C C 1EF A C ⊥1111122A FCS AC EF AC ∴=⋅== 12A C =DB ⊥111,AAC C AA ⊂11AA C C 1DB AA ⊥11//AA BB 1DB BB ⊥11111,//BB A B AB A B ⊥ 1BB AB ⊥,,AB DB B AB DB ⋂=⊂ABC 1BB ∴⊥ABC AC ⊂ABC 1BB AC ⊥11//AA BB 1AA AC ⊥1AA C ∴ 1AA ==1B 11111,,B C B A B B 1B xyz -111(0,0,0),(0,1,0),(1,0,0),B A C C B F ⎛ ⎝110,,(1,A F A C ⎛=-=- ⎝设平面的一个法向量为，则，令，则，可得，平面的一个法向量为，设二面角的平面角为，可得，，故二面角18．【详解】（1）设直线的方程为．由,由根与系数的关系可知①．此时．原点到直线的距离为，此时．由都在双曲线的左支上知，得，令，则，由于，所以当，即时，此时取最小值，则，当，即时，等号成立．1A FC 1(,,)n x y z = 111100n A F y z n A C x y ⎧=-=⎪⎨⎪=-+=⎩ 1y =1,x z =-=1(n =-11B A F 2(1,0,0)n =11B A F C --(0,π)θ∈121211|cos |212n n n n θ===⨯ sin θ∴==11B A F C --MN ()()1122,,,x my M x y N x y =-221x my x y ⎧=-⎪⎨-=⎪⎩()22110(1)m y m --+=≠±1212211y y y y m +==-()2221||1m MN m +===-O MN d =()222111||221OMNm S d MN m +===- ,M N ()121212220,01x x m y y x x m -+=+-=<=>-11m -<<21(10)m t t -=-≤<2221111144244OMNS t t t ⎛⎫⎛⎫=+=+- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭ 1(,1]t ∈-∞-11t=-1t =-OMN S ≥ 1t =-0m =（2）假设存在这样的定点．当直线的斜率不为0时，由（1）知②将①代入②可得,此时要想，得．即存在这样的定点满足题意．当直线的斜率为0时，易知，若，则，满足题意．综上，存在满足题意．19．【详解】（1）设等比数列的公比为，所以由，得，解得，因此数列为“—数列”；（2）①因为，所以，(,0)P n ()()()()()()112212121212,,PM PN x n y x n y x n x n y y my n my n y y =--=--+=----+()()2212121))m y y m n y y n =+-++++ 2)PM PN n =++ PM PN 11=-n =12PM PN =- P ⎛⎫⎪ ⎪⎝⎭2(1)(1)1PM PN n n n =+-=- P ⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭12PM PN =- P ⎛⎫⎪ ⎪⎝⎭{}n a q 10,0a q ≠≠245321440a a a a a a =⎧⎨-+=⎩244112111440a q a q a q a q a ⎧=⎨-+=⎩112a q =⎧⎨=⎩{}n a M 1122n n n S b b +=-0n b ≠由得，则，由，得，当时，由，得，整理得，所以数列是首项和公差均为1的等差数列，因此，数列的通项公式为；②由①知，，因为数列为“—数列”，设公比为，所以，因为，所以，其中，当时，有；当时，有，设，则，则当时，，当时，，故在上单调递增，在上单调递减，因为，所以，取时，，即，令，则，令，则，1111,b S b ==212211b =-22b =1122n n n S b b +=-()112n n n n n b b S b b ++=-2n ≥1n n n b S S -=-()()111122n n n nn n n n n b b b b b b b b b +-+-=---112n n n b b b +-+={}n b {}n b ()*n b n n =∈N *,k b k k =∈N {}n c M q 11,0c q =>1k k k c b c +≤≤1k k q k q -≤≤1,2,3,,k m = 1k =1q ≥2,3,,k m = ln ln ln 1k kq k k ≤≤-ln ()(1)x f x x x =>21ln ()xf x x '-=(1,e)x ∈()0f x '>(e,)x ∈+∞()0f x '<()f x (1,e)(e,)+∞ln 2ln 8ln 9ln 32663=<=max ln 3()(3)3f k f ==q =1,2,3,4,5k =ln ln kq k…k k q ≤ln ()(1)1x g x x x =>-2211(1)ln 1ln ()(1)(1)x x xx x g x x x '----==--1()1ln h x x x =--22111()0xh x x x x'-=-=<故在上单调递减，则，即在上恒成立，即在上单调递减，则，即，因此所求的最大值不小于5，若，分别取，得，且，从而，且，所以不存在，因此所求的最大值小于6，故的最大值为5．()h x (1,)+∞()(1)1100h x h ≤=--=()0g x '<(1,)+∞()g x (1,)+∞min ln 5ln125ln 81ln 3()(5)412123g k g ===<=1ln ln 1k k q q k k -≤≤-m 6m ≥3,6k =33q ≤56q ≤15243q …15216q …q m m。

福建省福建师大附中2020届高考三轮模拟试卷数学文科试题参考公式：锥体体积公式13V Sh =，其中S 为底面面积，h 为高 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共60分）一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的． 1.已知函数x x f -=1)(定义域为M ，x x g ln )(=定义域为N ，则=N M （****）A ．{}1|≤x xB ．{}10|≤<x xC ．{}10|<<x xD ．{}10|≤≤x x 2. 若0a b >>，则下列不等式成立的是（****） A. a b +< <C. 1122log log a b <D. 0.20.2a b>3．若函数()y fx =是函数2x y=的反函数，则()2f 的值是（****）A ．4B ．2C ．D ．0 4. 设a,β分别为两个不同的平面，直线la ，则“l 丄β”是“a 丄β成立的（****）A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件 5.要得到函数cos(21)y x =+的图象,只要将函数cos 2y x =的图象（****） A ．向左平移1个单位 B ．向右平移1个单位9.若双曲线22221(0,0)x y a b a b -=>>与直线y =无交点，则离心率e 的取值范围（****）A ．(1,2)B ．(1,2]C ．D ．10.若P 为ABC ∆内一点，且20PB PC PA ++=，在ABC ∆内随机撒一颗豆子，则此豆子落在PBC ∆内的概率为（****）A ．12 B ．13 C ．14 D ．2312．已知[)x 表示大于x 的最小整数，例如[)[)34, 1.21=-=-．下列命题①函数[)()f x x x =-的值域是(]0,1；②若{}n a 是等差数列，则[){}n a 也是等差数列； ③若{}n a 是等比数列，则[){}n a 也是等比数列；④若()1,4x ∈，则方程[)12x x -=有3个根． 正确的是（****）A ．②④ B ．③④ C ．①③ D ．①④第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共90分）二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题4分，共16分．把答案填写在答题卡的相应位置．13．已知复数122i ,43i z z =+=-在复平面内的对应点分别为点A 、B ，则线段AB 的中点所对应的复数是****14．某班共有52人，现根据学生的学号，用系统抽样的方法，抽取一个容量为4的样本，已知3号、29号、42号同学在样本中，那么样本中还有一个同学的学号是****15.已知平面上的线段及点P ，在上任取一点Q ，线段PQ 长度的最小值称为点P 到线段的距离，记作(,)d P l ．设是长为2的线段，点集{|(,)1}D P d P l =≤所表示图形的面积为**** 16.设a,b,m 为正整数，若a 和b 除以m 的余数相同，则称a 和b 对m 同余.记()a b mod m ≡，已知220132232323a =+⨯+⨯++⨯，()3b a mod ≡，则b 的值可以是**** （写出以下所有满足条件的序号）①1007；②2019-2020；③3003；④6002三、解答题：本大题共6小题，共74分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．把解答过程填写在答题卡的相应位置． 17．（本小题满分12分）已知函数2()2cos sin 2f x x x =- （1）求函数()f x 的最小正周期和值域；（2）已知ABC ∆的内角C B A ，，所对的边分别为c b a ，，，若2,2==b a ，且,12=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛A f 求ABC ∆的面积.18. （本小题满分12分）已知点（1,2）是函数()(01)xf x a a a =≠＞且的图象上一点，数列{}n a 的前n 项和()1n S f n =-.（1）求数列{}n a 的通项公式；（2）将数列{}n a 前30项中的第3项，第6项，…，第3k 项删去，求数列{}n a 前30项中剩余项的和.19．（本小题满分12分）市民李生居住在甲地,工作在乙地,他的小孩就读的小学在丙地,三地之间的道路情况如图所示.假设工作日不走其它道路,只在图示的道路中往返,每次在路口选择道路是随机的.同一条道路去程与回程是否堵车互不影响.假设李生早上需要先开车送小孩去丙地小学，再返回经甲地赶去乙地上班，（1）写出李生可能走的所有路线；（比如DDA 表示走D 路从甲到丙，再走D 路回到甲，然后走A 路到达乙）;（2）假设从丙地到甲地时若选择走道路D 会遇到拥堵，并且从甲地到乙地时若选择走道路B 也会遇到拥堵，其它方向均通畅，但李生不知道相关信息，那么从出发到回到上班地没有遇到过拥堵的概率是多少？20．（本小题满分14分）如图，AB 是半圆O 的直径，C 是半圆O 上除A 、B 外的一个动点，⊥DC 平面ABC ,BE DC //，BE CD =，4=AB ，41tan =∠EAB ． ⑴证明：平面⊥ADE 平面ACD ；⑵试探究当C 在什么位置时三棱锥ADE C -的 体积取得最大值，请说明理由并求出这个最大值．21．（本小题满分12分）如图，已知抛物线py x C 2:21=的焦点在抛物线121:22+=x y C 上． （1）求抛物线1C 的方程及其准线方程；（2）过抛物线1C 上的动点P 作抛物线2C 的两条切线PM 、PN ， 切点为M 、N ．若PM 、PN 的斜率乘积为m ，且]4,2[∈m ，求||OP 的取值范围．22.（本小题满分14分）已知函数()()121,ln 2-+==bx ax x g x x f ， （1）当0=a 且1=b 时，证明：对0>∀x ，()()x g x f ≤；（2）若2=b ，且()()()x g x f x h -=存在单调递减区间，求a 的取值范围；（3）数列{}n a ，若存在常数0>M ，*∈∀N n ，都有M a n <，则称数列{}n a 有上界。

2019-2020学年福建师范大学附属中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AEach year, theLas Vegasconsumer electronics show, or CES, presents the latest developments in many areas of technology. The newest products are designed to make our lives easier, fun and more productive.A car with legsOne of this year’s presentations was by South Korean carmaker Hyun-dai. The company introduced a small model of a “ walking car,” which is called Elevate. It has four movable legs that can raise the main part of the vehicle high off the ground. The electric-powered vehicle is designed to be used in search-and-rescue operations during emergencies or natural disasters.Changeable people moverGermany's Mercedes presented an experimental self-driving vehicle that it claims can revolutionize transportation for people and goods. The company says the vehicle, called Vision Urbanetic, will be able lo easily change bodies depending on its desired use. Mercedes says as a ride-sharing vehicle , the futuristic-looking car can seat 12 people.Fully electric HarleyAmerican manufacturer Harley-Davidson showed off its first fully electric motorcycle, called LiveWire. The company says the bike will be able to go 177 kilometers between charges. It can reach 96 kilometers per hour in under3.5 seconds. Although Harley is known for building powerful bikes with huge, loud motors, the LiveWire will be unusually quiet.Personal robotsOne of the new robots, called Temi, is really just a computer tablet on wheels. It is designed to be a personal electronic assistant. It moves around the home and performs commands when spoken to. It can link users to friends through voice or video, connect to video or place orders for food or goods.1. Which do you probably use to search for the injured in an earthquake?A. Elevate.B. Vision Urbanetic.C. LiveWire.D. Temi.2. What is the first fully electric motorcycle produced by Harley-Davidson?A. ElevateB. Hyun-daiC. LiveWire .D. Temi .3. Why are the four products designed?A. To ease traffic jam.B. To help us socialize.C. To improve our life.D. To protect the environment.BRecycling plastic has always been a stop-start effort, and the wide variety of plastics we produce, the pollution from waste, and other limitations make recycling an economic(经济) problem. It’s estimated(估计)only 9% of plastic ever created has been recycled. But with the help of a chemical process, Canadian Miranda Wang and her company BioCellection want to change that.Stability is one of plastic greatest qualities and downside. There's limited evidence that some plastics can biodegrade (生物降解)but largely photo-plastics degrade in the sun. It’s a long process, and the truth is that we can only estimate how long it takes. Wang is looking to break the inaction and BioCellection's task is to make most plastic waste recyclable.She outlines two current methods. One is to take plastics like water bottles, wash them, cut them, melt and reconstitute them. “That's a very limited process” she says, due to the requirement that plastics be “clean” . The other, which can handle dirtier plastics and a level of pollution, is called hydrolysis(热解). Intense heat is applied to break down plastics so they can be reused as oils for energy, but “it’s not economical,’’ she says.BioCellection’s solution builds on research from over ten years ago, Wang explains, when a US studydiscovered pure polyethylene powder (聚乙烯粉)could be broken down by a catalyst (催化剂). Wang and her co-founder Jean hit upon a bacterium being able to eat plastic. In the years since, they engineered a comparable catalyst capable of doing the same job, only faster, which even works on plastics no one else can recycle at present. “We have now found a catalyst that is much cheaper than the one that was used before, Wang says.Currently focusing on plastic films like shopping hags, the three-hour process breaks clown plastic into chemicals that can act as the building blocks for more complex plastic products.“Right now we’re able to achieve about 70% transformation from plastic waste material to these chemicals,” she adds, saying they’re working to increase that figure.4. Why has so little plastic been recycled?A. Plastic is chemically stable.B. Recycling plastic led to pollution.C. We produced various plastics.D. Most photo-plastics degrade in the sun.5. What does Wang think of the two current methods?A. Highly effective and dynamic.B. Expensive and pollution-causing.C. Limited and energy-consuming.D. Widely used and recognized.6. What did BioCellection find effective to recycle plastics?A. Polyethylene powder.B. Chemical products.C. Plastic films.D. A catalyst.7. What is the text mainly about?A. Miranda Wang and her company.B. A new plastic recycling method.C. The greatest downside of plastic.D. Transformation of plastic waste.CIf you easily make mistakes when in a hurry, a new study from Michigan State University—the largest of its kind to date-found that meditation (冥想) could help you improve the situation.The research tested how open monitoring meditation (OMM)—or, meditationthat focuses awareness on feelings or thoughts as they unfold in one’s mind and body—alteredbrain activity in a way that suggested increased error recognition.“People’s interest in meditation is outpacing what science can prove in terms of effects and benefits.” said Jeff Lin, MSU psychology doctoral candidate and study co-author. “But it’s amazing to me that we were able to see how one session of a guided meditation could produce changes to brain activity in non-meditators.”“Some forms of meditation have you focus on a single object, commonly your breath, but open monitoring meditation is a bit different,” Lin said, “It has you tune inward and pay attention to everything going on in your mind and body. The goal is to sit quietly and pay close attention to where the mind travels without getting too caught up in the scenery.”Lin and his MSU co-authors—William Eckerle, Ling Peng and Jason Moser—hired more than 200 participants to test how open monitoring meditation affected how people detect and respond toerrors.The participants, who had never meditated before, were taken through a 20-minute open monitoring meditation exercise while the researchers measured brain activity through electroencephalography (脑电图), or EEG. Then, they completed a computerized distraction (分心) test.“The EEG can measure brain activity at the millisecond level, so we got precise measures of brain activity right after mistakes compared to correct responses,” Lin said. “A certain neural signal occurs about half a second after an error called the error positivity, which is linked to conscious error recognition. We found that the strength of this signal is increased in the meditators to controls.”“These findings show what just 20 minutes of open monitoring meditation can do to improve the brain’s ability to detect and pay attention to mistakes,” Moser said.8. What does the underlined word “altered” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Changed.B. Prevented.C. Started.D. Recorded.9. Why is open monitoring meditation different?A. It is just aimed at a single object.B. It clears your mind of everything.C. It gets too caught up in the scenery.D. It focuses on where the mind travels.10. What did the researchers do for the studyA. They hired people who had meditated before.B. They measured the participants’ brain activity.C. They reminded the participants to avoid errors.D. They had non-meditators design a distraction test.11. What is the best title for the text?A. Turn to OMM to Avoid Acting in a HurryB. You’re Able to Recognize Errors ConsciouslyC. Meditators’ Brain Proves Much More ActiveD. OMM Can Help You Make Fewer MistakesDDid you know that the average child has heard the word "no" over 20,000 times before they turn the age of three? Ironically, it is also around this time that children begin to develop enough personal character to refuse to obey. The "terrible twos" are categorized by a lack of understanding. Somewhere between three and four, children begin to acquire the skills to reason. It is during this time they watch how other children and adults reason. If we're not careful, the children will watch us model a world of "NOs".By the time a person turns eighteen, how many times have they been told no? I haven't found any studies that even attempted to track this statistic, but I'm sure if the number is 20,000 by three, then at eighteen that number has multiplied. You can do the math.Anyway, I think I know why we say no. We say no to protect. We say no to direct. We say no to stop potential confusion. However, do we sometimes say no just for the sake of saying no? Do we say no because we have internalized(内在化)all of the "NOs" we've heard over the years and we feel it is finally our time to say no to someone else?The internalized no can damage the growth process of dreams in infancy as quickly as it can weaken a three-year-old. And we wonder why we run intopeople with big, un-accomplished dreams who have a bit of a chip on their shoulder. They have to take on the 20,000 NOs. However, the thing that keeps them going is thepossibility of the power of ONE YES! Just as it only takes one book to make a writer a Pulitzer Prize Winner, it only takes one word to change the course of your day. That word is YES!12. What do we know about two- year- olds?A. They understand well.B. They often say no to others.C. They think logically.D. They don't do all they're told.13. What effect does saying no have on children?A. They lose all their dreams.B. They aren't easy to succeed.C. They don't make mistakes.D. They never say yes to others.14. Which word best describes the author's attitude to a world of "NOs"?A. Tolerant.B. Disapproving.C. Favorable.D. Carefree.15. What is the text?A. A how-to guide.B. A survey report.C. An opinion essay.D. A short story.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年福建师范大学附属中学高三英语模拟试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFour Best Hikes in the WorldThere's nothing like getting out and getting some fresh air on a hike. No matter whether your idea of a hike is a leisure walk or climbing the highest mountain on Earth, we've got you covered. Below are four best hikes inthe world.Torres del Paine W CircuitLocation (位置): Patagonia. ChileDistance: 37 + milesTime: 5~6 daysBest time to go: October to JanuaryThe W Circuit is one of the most recommended hikes you'll find. Not only will you appreciate the diverse landscapes and striking granite pillars (花岗岩柱子), but you'll probably meet some new friends along the way.Grand Canyon Rim - to - Rim HikeLocation: Arizona, the United StatesDistance: 48 milesTime: 1~3 daysBest time to go: May to June, September to OctoberThere's no better way to experience one of the greatest wonders in the world. Located in one of the USA's most beautiful parks, the views are ly appealing. Just make sure you're prepared for the challenge.Trek to PetraLocation: JordanDistance: 47 milesTime: 5~ 6 daysBest time to go: October to AprilTake the road less traveled through the Kingdom of Jordan and experience one of the seven wonders of the world. Hike through canyons, gorges and ridges, and see tombs and temples along the way all while avoidingcrowds of tourists.Yosemite Grand TraverseLocation: California, the United StatesDistance: 60 milesTime: 6~7 daysBest time to go: July to SeptemberKnown for some of the best hiking in the world, Yosemite National Park is famous for its views and huge sequoia (红杉) trees. Praised byNational Geographic, the Yosemite Grand Traverse will take you through waterfalls and green mountaintops.1.Which of the following is the best time for the hike in Patagonia, Chile?A.AprilB.MayC.AugustD.December2.Where should you go for a less crowded hike?A.JordanB.Patagonia, ChileC.Arizona, the United StatesD.California, the United States3.What can you do along the Yosemite Grand Traverse?A.Plant sequoia treesB.Appreciate waterfallsC.Visit local templesD.Climb granite pillarsBDogs are often referred to as “man's best friend”. But MacKenzie, a four-pound Chihuahua (奇瓦瓦狗), who was named winner of the 2020 American Hero Dog competition, is making the world a better place for humans and animals alike. Often called the “Oscars for dogs”, the award recognizes dogs who make great contributions to society.This year's competition attracted over 400 competitors from across the country. While all were impressive, it was tiny MacKenzie who won the judges' hearts. Born at a rescue shelter in Hilton, New York, in 2013, she had a cleft palate (腭裂) that required her to be tube fed for the first year of her life. A life-saving operation, performed in 2014, gave her the ability to eat and drink independently, enabling the tiny dog to focus on doing what she loved most: taking care of others.The seven-year-old Chihuahua is now gainfully “employed” by the Mid Foundation, a Rochester, New York-based non-profit organization that shelters and cares for animals born with disabilities. MacKenzie's official job is “to provide love and care for baby rescue animals born with birth defects”. The Chihuahua is good at her joband hasnurturedmany different species-from puppies to kittens to turkeys, squirrels, birds and even a goat. She acts as their mother and teaches them how to socialize, play, and have good manners.In addition to her role as an animal caretaker, MacKenzie also has the important job of greeting the foundation's volunteers and friends. The incredible dog, who has lost her ability to bark, also visits area schools to help children understand physical disabilities in both animals and people. Her heart-warming and inspiring story makes MacKenzie worthy of America's top dog honor!4. What made MacKenzie American Hero Dog?A. Being man's best friend.B. Her struggle with disabilities.C. Rescuing animals with disabilities.D. Her contributions to a better world.5. What can we infer about MacKenzie from Paragraph 2?A. Her growth path was not easy.B. She was deserted by her owner.C. She was operated on at two years old.D. She still needs taking care of by others.6. What does the underlined word “nurtured” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Trained.B. Comforted.C. Tended.D. Abused.7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. MacKenzie—The Most Hard-working DogB. MacKenzie—America's “Most Heroic Dog”C. Chihuahua—Inspiration of Positive EnergyD. Chihuahua—Appeal for Animals' ProtectionCWhile the start of a new school year is always exciting, this year was even more so for some elementary school students inAuckland,New Zealand. They became the world’s first kids to be “taught” by a digital teacher.Before you start imagining a human-like robot walking around the classroom, Will is just an avatar that appears on the student’s desktop, or smartphone screen, when ordered to come.The autonomous animation platform has been modeled after the human brain and nervous system, allowing it to show human-like behavior. The digital teacher is assigned to teach Vector’s “Be sustainable with energy”— a free program forAucklandelementary schools.Just like the humans it replaced, Will is able to instantly react to the students’ responses to the topic. Thanks to a webcam and microphone, the avatar not only responds to questions the kids may have, but also picks up non-verbal cues. For instance, if a student smiles at Will, he responds by smiling back. This two-way interaction not only helps attract the students’ attention, but also allows the program’s developers to monitor their engagement, and make changes if needed.Nikhil Ravishankar believes that Will-like avatars could be a novel way to catch the attention of the next generation. He says, “I have a lot of hope in this technology as a means to deliver cost-effective, rich, educational experience in the future.”The program, in place since August 2018, has been a great success thus far. Ravishankar says, “ What was fascinating to me was the reaction of the children to Will. The way they look at the world is so creative and different, and Will really captured their attention.” However, regardless of how popular it becomes, Will is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon.8. What was special for some elementary school students inAuckland?A. A digital teacher taught them.B. They first saw something digital.C. This was the start of a new school year.D. They could get close to smartphone screen.9. What is the benefit of this two-way interaction?A. It can smile back.B. It can use microphone.C. It can talk any topic for free.D. It can change if necessary.10. What’s Ravishankar’s attitude to Will’s replacing Human educators soon?A. Optimistic.B. Doubtful.C. Unclear.D. Disapproving.11. What might be the best title for the passage?A. New High-tech Contributes to EducationB. The World’s First Digital Teacher Appears in Classroom.C. The World’s First Digital Teacher, a Help to StudentsD.New ZealandWill Replace Teachers in ClassroomsDAt the World Economic Forum last month, President Trump drew claps when he announced the United States would respond to the forum's proposal to plant one trillion(万亿) trees to fight climate change. The trillion-tree idea won wide attention last summer after a study published in the journal Science concluded thatplanting so many trees was “the most effective climate change solution to date”.If only it were true. But it isn't. Planting trees would slow down the planet's warming, but the only thing that will save us and future generations from paying a huge price in dollars, lives and damage to nature is rapid andconsiderable reductions in carbon release from fossil fuels, to net zero by 2050.Focusing on trees as the big solution to climate change is a dangerous diversion(偏离). Worse still, it takes attention away from those responsible for the carbon release that are pushing us toward disaster. For example, in the Netherlands, you can pay Shell an additional 1 euro cent for each liter of regular gasoline you put in your tank, to plant trees to balance the carbon release from your driving. That's clearly no more than disaster slightly delayed. The only way to stop this planet from overheating is through political, economic, technological and social solutions that end the use of fossil fuels.There is no way that planting trees, even across a global area the size of theUnited States, can absorb the huge amounts of fossil carbon released from industrial societies. Trees do take up carbon from the atmosphere as they grow. But this uptake merely replaces carbon lost when forests were cleared in the first place, usually long ago. Regrowing forests where they once grew can undo some damage done in the past, but even a trillion trees can't store enough carbon to head off dramatic climate changes this century.In a sharp counter argument to last summer's Paper in Science, Justin Gillis wrote in the same journal in October that the study's findings were inconsistent with the dynamics of the global carbon cycle. He warned that “the claimthat global tree restoration(复原) is our most effective climate solution is simply scientifically incorrect and dangerously misleading”.12. What do we know about the trillion-tree idea?A. It was published in a journal.B. It was proposed last summer.C. It was put forward by Trump.D. It drew lots of public attention.13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. A drawback of the tree planting strategy.B. An example of balancing carbon release.C. An anecdote of making a purchase at Shell.D. A responsibility for politicians and economists.14. What was Justin Gillis's attitude towards global tree restoration?A. Indifferent.B. Opposed.C. Hesitant.D. Supportive.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Contradictory Ideas on Tree Planting.B. A Trillion Trees Come to the Rescue.C. Planting Trees Won't Save the World.D. The Best Solution to Climate Change.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。