吉林省长春外国语学校2024-2025学年高二上学期9月月考英语试题一、阅读理解The best science books inspire a sense of wonder and make you amazed at the incredible world we live in. Here are four of them to feed your imagination.A Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill BrysonHow did it all begin? And how did we get here? Combining history and science, the book offers a comprehensive yet entertaining answer to these questions. Bill Bryson takes the reader on an impressive journey through the greatest scientific discoveries in history. It explains scientific topics in a vivid way, but it’s quite a long read.Thing Explainer by Randall MunroeHow do helicopters work? Or cells? Randall Munroe explains how things work using illustrations and only the most common 1,000 words in English. It will shift your approach to explanation. So, next time explain how something works rather than merely call it by its name. However, additionally providing more technical terms might have enhanced the understanding and learning experience.Ask an Astronaut by Tim PeakeWhat does it feel like to fly into space? How do you prepare for it? Astronaut Tim Peake answers all the questions you never knew about going into space. The book gives insights into the cutting-edge science, as well as the day-to-day life on board of the International Space Station. Its question and answer format makes it easy to quickly find answers, but it can become less appealing due to the lack of descriptive language.Deep Time by Riley BlackWant to know the story of our planet? Riley Black takes us on a journey, in the order of time, through the geological (地质的) events that have shaped our planet. The fascinating high-quality images are supported by easily digestible explanations of key historical moments. It also expands on key concepts in geology, astronomy and biology. Yet, measuring the size of some objects on the photos is difficult due to the lack of a scale bar (比例尺).1．Which book is organized in the format of question and answer?A．A Short History of Nearly Everything.B．Thing Explainer.C．Ask an Astronaut.D．Deep Time.2．What’s a shortcoming of Thing Explainer?A．It is rather too long.B．It is written in plain language.C．It lacks technical terms.D．It fails to include clear images.3．What do A Short History of Nearly Everything and Deep Time have in common?A．They combine science and history.B．They feature vivid illustrations.C．They introduce astronauts’ daily life.D．They entertain readers of all ages.Recently, I accidentally found a set of Hanfu l only wore once from the bottom of the cupboard. I remember buying them simply to match the ancient-style hair accessories (配饰) a friend gave me. It occurred to me that 1 had been trapped in the “birdcage effect”.“Birdcage effect” means that when you get an item one day, you will prepare more things to match it. Weeks ago, I was in the company of friends engaged in shopping. One said that she wanted to buy a good writing pen to match the delicate notebook that her sister gave her, so that she would fall in love with taking notes on reading, and thus love reading, not just reading. I joked that she must have fallen for the “birdcage effect”. But the friend said with a smile: “Why not use the ‘birdcage effect’ instead?”For the first time, I heard that the “birdcage effect” can be used in reverse (逆向). However, this can’t help but remind me of middle school, and I seem to have used the “birdcage effect”. Passing by a bookstore one day, I purchased a magazine and saw the call for contributions published in the magazine, so I started writing with eager hands, and then I fell in love with writing.After shopping with my friends that time, I began to proceed to use the “birdcage effect”. I bought a small fresh tablecloth to decorate my desk, and a beautiful notebook to record my inspiration. When everything was ready, I started writing again.But how can we get rid of the “birdcage effect” in many things, and even use the “birdcage effect” in the opposite way? Various “birdcages” unavoidably appear in life, but we can distinguish them. If it is not in line with the actual situation, it is a “negative birdcage”, then wemust learn to stop losses in time and maintain a heart of abandonment and separation. If it is a “positive birdcage” that motivates us to develop upward, we can clarify our goals, shop or decorate appropriately, and motivate ourselves to move towards our goals. At this time, you will find that the “birdcage effect” is actually not so terrible!4．What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A．The application of the “birdcage effect” in life.B．The necessity of using the “birdcage effect” in life.C．The turning point of the author’s idea on the “birdcage effect”.D．The author’s conflict with her friend over the “birdcage effect”.5．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning her middle school experience?A．To recall her delightful days at school.B．To explain the reason for her love with writing.C．To confirm the positive of the “birdcage effect”.D．To prove her knowledge of the “birdcage effect”.6．How can we make use of the “birdcage effect” positively?A．By realizing this effect has two sides.B．By promoting our personal consumption.C．By recognizing this effect is not so terrible.D．By guiding our acts to go with reasonable goals.7．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．Getting Rid of the Birdcage Effect ConfidentlyB．Motivating Ourselves to Move Towards Our GoalsC．The Birdcage Effect: Influence on Consumer BehaviorD．The Birdcage Effect: How to Use It to Your AdvantageThe world is full of advice on how to get a good night’s sleep, but sometimes doing so just isn’t possible. If you are struggling with a sleep disorder, are a shift worker or have a baby who wakes every few hours, being told how to sleep well can be annoying. For others, despite feeling exhausted all day, a fourth episode of your favorite TV series can seem more appealing than going to bed.How do you know if you are sleep-deprived? For some people, the answer will be obvious; for others, it may be less so. Russell Foster, a professor at the University of Oxford, specifies three signs that you are probably not getting enough sleep: “Feeling that you don’t perform at your peak during the day; oversleeping on free days; or craving (渴望得到) a nap during the day.”“Lack of good sleep can cause an imbalance in your appetite hormones,” says Martin Meadows, a registered dietitian: “The hormone ghrelin, which causes you to feel hungry, increases and the hormone leptin, which signals that you are full, decreases.”As Meadows says: “It’s a perfect storm where we want to eat more and we don’t know when to stop, combined with the fact that when we are sleep-deprived our willpower is lower, and it all becomes pretty tricky. Poor sleep, or sleep deprivation (匮乏), leads to an increased likelihood of poor lifestyle choices. Many of us get stuck in the habit of eating junk food, and the knock-on effect is that the junk food disturbs our sleep, because it’s higher in sugar; it’s more stimulating.”“Short term, you can get away with the negative influence of sleep deprivation of you,” says Foster. “It’s in the long term that things start to fall apart.” He catalogues the ill effects: “Your cognitive performance drops with accumulated sleep deprivation — your communication skills, your decision-making skills, your memory.” There is also an increased risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease, depression and psychosis.Fortunately, according to Meadows, most of us could do with an extra hour to an hour and a half of sleep each night to cope with sleep deprivation. And if you had a bad night’s sleep, Meadows recommends “making a conscious effort to choose foods such as wholegrains, beans, fruits and vegetables. Because they are packed with fiber and water, they will help you feel full while limiting your overall energy intake.”8．The examples given in the first paragraph are intended to ______.A．list reasons why people hate advice on good sleepB．highlight the harm caused by sleep deprivationC．present the factual phenomenon of lack of sleepD．form a contrast with the following paragraphs9．How does lack of good sleep affect appetite according to Martin Meadows?A．It disturbs the feeling of being hungry or full.B．It ruins your appetite instead of feeling hungry.C．It causes imbalance in eating and sleepingD．It has no impact on appetite hormones.10．Which of the following message is conveyed by Meadows in paragraph 4?A．When it’s stormy outside, we crave for junk food and a good night sleep.B．When we feel under the weather, we should eat less and sleep more.C．We should combine healthy eating with regular sleep together.D．Bad eating and sleep deprivation contributes to each other.11．People lacking sleep are encouraged to ______.A．sleep for as long as they want during the dayB．consume food rich in fiber and waterC．prevent yourself from energy intake each nightD．watch one episode of their favorite TV seriesIf you live on this planet, there’s a decent chance you’ve seen the classic Star TrekEpisode, in which captain Kirk and several members find themselves in what appears to be another universe.These days, it seems the idea of the multiverse—many worlds—is having its Hollywood moment. Its appeal as a storytelling device is obvious—characters explore a multi-world with varying degrees of similarity to our own, as well as different versions of themselves. Hence, it has been fully established in mainstream pop culture.While Hollywood can’t seem to get enough of the multiverse, it remains deeply controversial (有争议的) among scientists. Advocates on the two sides show no mercy toward each other in their books, on their blogs. But physicists didn’t pull the idea out of thin air—rather, several distinct lines of reasoning seem to point to the multiverse’s existence. However, critics warn that making the multiverse legal could make it harder for the public to distinguish speculative (推测性的) theories from established fact, making it more difficult to keep pseudo-science (伪科学) at bay. Giving credit to such speculation risks “turning fundamental physics into pseudo-science”.The multiverse controversy is rooted in the idea of test ability. If we can’t interact withthese other universes, or detect them in any way, some experts insist that reduces them to mere philosophical speculation. But Carroll, an advocate for “many worlds”, argues that mathematics is the language describing our physical theories. Since Schrdinger’s equation (方程), on which Quanturr (量子) mechanic rests, predicts the existence of many worlds, so be it.Could a more expansive view of the universe itself be the next breakthrough? As Siegfried puts it: “Every time in the past that we’ve thought, ‘We’ve got it; this is what the whole universe is’—the people who’ve said, ‘Maybe there’s more than one of those’ have always turned out to be right.”12．Why is Hollywood so occupied with the multiverse?A．It makes for engaging plots.B．It is a much-talked-about topic.C．It is helpful to popularize science.D．It dominates the mainstream pop culture.13．What do the underlined words in paragraph 3 probably mean?A．Out of date.B．Out of place.C．Out of nowhere.D．Out of question. 14．According to the opponents, the basic standard of fundamental physics is that ______.A．it can be detected somehowB．it can be reasoned logicallyC．it can be interpreted philosophicallyD．it can be predicted by mathematics equation15．What might be the author’s attitude toward the multiverse?A．Doubtful.B．Dismissive.C．Unclear.D．Approving.Artificial Intelligence (AI) geolocation (互联网定位技术) solutions are changing the way researchers track and monitor wildlife, enabling more powerful conservation efforts. These systems use advanced sensors, satellite imagery, and machine learning algorithms (算法) to gather real-time data on animal movements, habitat preferences, and migration patterns. 16 Traditional tracking methods often rely on non-automatic tracking or inconvenient necklace-like systems, which may cause stress and discomfort to the animals. 17 The devices can work as tags and the camera traps can be set up remotely, which decreases humanimpact on wildlife.In addition, AI-powered devices collect and analyze data precisely. Through their assistance, scientists can gain insights into habitat choices and evaluate the effect of global warming on wild animal locations. 18 For example, by analyzing the collected data, conservationists can promote targeted habitat restoration efforts according to the patterns and connections they discovered with the help of AI geolocation devices.19 By monitoring animals’ behavioral changes in real-time, researchers can quickly detect signs of environmental issues. Sudden changes in an animal’s movements could indicate threats or problems. Researchers can then respond immediately, potentially saving the animal’s life.Sharing geolocation data through online platforms can also help raise awareness about protecting endangered species. 20 This help them feel more connected to the issues wildlife face in habitats. The bond promotes a sense of responsibility among individuals and encourages them to contribute to wildlife conservation efforts through various means, such as donations, volunteer work, and so on.A．This knowledge enables them to make accurate and efficient decisions.B．However, AI tracking does not require disturbing contact with the animals.C．AI monitoring needs fewer battery replacements than the traditional methods.D．The solutions have offered the following key benefits to wildlife conservation.E．Directly engaging with conservation efforts gives people a first-hand experience.F．The AI geolocation technology significantly reduces the need for massive fieldwork. G．With real-time data, the AI solutions also function as an early warning for wildlife risks.二、完形填空One day, a girl came upon a cocoon, and she could tell that a butterfly was trying to 21 . She waited and watched the butterfly struggle for hours to 22 itself from the tiny hole. 23 , the butterfly stopped moving, it seemed to be 24 . The girl then decided to help get the butterfly out and with a pair of scissors cut open the cocoon. The butterfly was then 25 able to escape. However, its body was swollen (肿胀的) and its wings were 26 .The girl still thought she had done the butterfly a favor as she sat there waiting for its wings to grow in order to 27 its body. That wasn’t happening. The butterfly was unable to fly, and for the rest of its life, it could only move by crawling around with little wings and a 28 body. Despite the girl’s good intentions, she didn’t understand that the 29 of the butterfly’s cocoon and the struggle the butterfly had to 30 in order to escape served an important purpose. As butterflies 31 from tight cocoons and stretch wings out, it forces liquid from their body into their wings to prepare them to be able to fly.The 32 that we face in life help us grow and get stronger. There is often a reason behind the requirement of being 33 and persistent. When bearing difficult times, we will develop the necessary 34 that we’ll need in the future. Without having any struggles, we won’t grow, which means it’s very important to 35 personal challenges ourselves rather than relying on other people to always help us.21．A．hatch B．hang C．swing D．nest22．A．trap B．release C．wrap D．throw 23．A．Even so B．Sooner or later C．All of a sudden D．As usual 24．A．scared B．sought C．kicked D．stuck 25．A．easily B．hardly C．merely D．slightly 26．A．overestimated B．underdeveloped C．overgrown D．underfed 27．A．protect B．shade C．support D．survive 28．A．tiny B．skinny C．strong D．large 29．A．conservation B．restriction C．tension D．variation 30．A．come out B．pull up C．go through D．leave off 31．A．run B．recover C．generate D．emerge 32．A．struggles B．adventures C．details D．guidelines 33．A．industrious B．tolerant C．superior D．straightforward 34．A．carefulness B．strength C．optimism D．patience 35．A．hold onto B．turn down C．take on D．bring up三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
