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●词法名词、代词和冠词单句语法填空1. sun rises in the east and sets in west.2.Y our friend Joe left me with the (impress) that he was interested in many things.3.M y parents aren’t at home tonight, so I have to cook dinner (I).4.I have been to the country twice, and I plan to go there third time this summer vacation.5.I n the last few decades, many animal and plant (species) on the island have become extinct.6.I t is honour to participate in the competition on behalf of our school.7.T he museum is looking for a (special) in embroidery to restore the work.8.T his is most interesting story, but it isn’t most interesting one I’ve ever read.9.L isa’s hair is longer and straighter than of her sister.10.W hat is on display is a photograph of my (uncle), which is one of the photographshe took during the vacation.11.T he purpose of the activity is to raise money for poor in the mountains.12.G enerally, electricity (consume) increases in summer because people use airconditioners to cool their homes.13.T oo much (expose) to the sunshine can darken your skin.14.T here was something wrong with my bike; I am going to buy a new .15.T his dress is not my style and I don’t like its color. Please show me .16.I often have breakfast at home, but this morning I had wonderfulbreakfast at restaurant across from my home.17.P arents are expected to teach their children how to deal with school (violent).18. of his two sons are university students. They study at the same school.19.W hat I want to tell you is that whatever decision you make, don’t regret .20.O f the two sisters in the photo, taller one is Lisa who is now a lawyer.21.I nfluenced by the Winter Olympic Games, more and more people begin to show interest in winter (amuse).22.I was disappointed that she made no (respond) to our questions.23.W hat a mess in (Mike and Jack) room. They are supposed to keep it tidy.24.T here are three new films on, but are worth seeing.25.T he (decorate) he bought for the New Year included spring couplets and windowflowers.参考答案1. The; the2. impression3. myself4. a5. species6. an7. specialist8. a; the 9. that 10. uncle’s 11. the 12. consumption 13. exposure14. one 15. another 16. 不填; a; the 17. violence 18. Both19. it 20. the 21. amusements 22. response 23. Mike and Jack’s24. none 25. decorations— 7 —。
专题一 名词和冠词（一）名词1.可数名词单数变复数的规则(1)一般在名词词尾直接加 s 。
friend 朋友→friendsnation国家→nations(2) 词尾是 s ，x ，ch ，sh 时一般加es 。
知识点一 名词的数interest 兴趣→interests change 变化→changesmember 成员→members painting 油画→paintings bus 公共汽车→buses fox 狐狸→foxes coach 教练→coaches bush 灌木丛→bushes 注意：stomach(胃部)等词的复数形式是在词尾直接加 s 。
(3) 词尾是辅音字母＋y 时，变 y 为 i 再加 es 。
enemy 敌人→enemies hobby 业余爱好→hobbies difficulty 困难→difficulties 词尾是元音字母＋y 时，直接加 s 。
guy 家伙→guys key 钥匙→keys(4) 词尾是f 或fe 时，多将 f 或fe 变为 ves 。
shelf 架子→shelves knife 刀子→knives wolf 狼→wolves calf 牛犊→calves housewife 家庭主妇→housewives(5) 词尾是 o 的名词，有些直接加s ，有些加 es 。
piano 钢琴→pianos photo 相片→photos zoo 动物园→zoos bamboo 竹子→bamboos tomato 番茄→tomatoes potato 土豆→potatoes 实录：名词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语、状语、同位语以及称呼语，但不能作谓语。
1818 专题一名词和冠词第1 页（共8 页）小学数学资料群：271730239，小学奥数群：221739457，中考数学群：579251397，初中奥数学生群:253736211，初中奥数教练群112464128，中考物理群：227284641，初中物理竞赛群：271751304，中考化学名词单数变复数，直接加-s 占多数；s，x，z，ch，sh 来结尾，直接加上-es；词尾是f 或fe，加-s 之前先变ve；辅母＋y 在词尾，把y 变i 再加-es；词尾字母若是o，常用三个已足够，要加-es 请记好，hero, tomato, potato。
高考英语复习题型一关于名词、冠词和数词的语法填空1．No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various(activity) on Earth Day.(2019·北京)答案activities解析考查名词复数。
根据设空前的修饰词various可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。
故填activities。
2．Making Chinese (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.(2018·浙江)答案dishes解析考查名词复数。
dish菜肴，为可数名词，中式菜肴有很多种，故此处用dish的复数形式。
3．A mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all(cause)．(2018·全国Ⅰ)答案causes解析考查名词复数。
cause表示“原因，起因”时是可数名词，前面有all，故填cause的复数形式。
4．This trend，which was started by the medical community(医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease，has had some unintended side (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.(2017·全国Ⅰ)答案effects解析考查名词复数。
side effect副作用，由前面的some和下文中的两个例子overweight and heart disease可知名词effect用复数形式effects。
高中英语语法讲解一 冠词和名词1.冠词和名词一、不定冠词a(an)的主要用法A. 不定冠词a(an)用于单数可数名词前。
表示one 概念。
eg. ①a girl 一位女孩 ②an English bookB. 不定冠词用来表示类别,指某一类人或某一类事物中的一个。
eg. ① His father is a doctor. ② I work in a middle school in Beijing.C. 不定冠词用于表示时间、速度或价格等意义的名词之前，表示单位，译为“每一”。
eg.① The rent is $100 a week.D. 指某人或某物，意为a certain ，常用在第一次提到某人或某物时。
eg. ① A Mr. Ling is waiting for you. 有位姓凌的先生在等你。
E. 用于抽象名词前，表示抽象名词具体化。
(success,difficulty, failure,help, beauty, comfort,danger, pride, honor, pleasure,pity)eg. ① What a pleasant surprise you brought us. F. 表示“一次”、“一场”、“一段”等“一……”的概念，常与动词连用构成短语，名词前常有形容词修饰。
eg. ① have a good time ，have a wonderful supper ，have a good knowledge/understanding of ；have a population of ，have an income of ，cover an area of ，reach a height of 。
② have a good time ，have a wonderful supper ，have a good knowledge/understanding of ；have a population of ，have an income of ，cover an area of ，reach a height of 。
英语语法总结冠词和名词英语语法复习知识扼要总结版Chapter 1简单句（Simple Sentences）1.一．名词的格：of 属格的构成及逻辑语义关系1.1 of属格的构成基本构成：N1+of+N2。
N表示名词；一般来说，of属格主要用于以下两种情形：一是，表示无生命物体的名词的所有关系。
比如：eg：the roof of the church教堂的屋顶/the name of the song 歌曲的名字/the title of the book 书名/the leg of the table 因此，总体来说，’s所有格主要用于有生命的名词，而of属格主要用于无生命的名词二是，当有生命的名词后面接短语或从句修饰时，也用of属格。
比如：eg：I took the advice of an old man that I met during a journey and decided to make something of myself.译文：我听从了在一次旅行中遇到的一位老人的建议，决定干出一番大事业。
1.2of属格的逻辑语义关系介词of可以表示很多种逻辑语义关系，读者最熟悉的应该是它表示的“所有关系”，译成“......的”。
比如：eg：The mother of the boy in a red suit is president of our company.穿红色西服的那个男孩的妈妈是我们公司的总经理。
除此以外，of还可以表示其他语义关系，共计十余种，这里只讨论三种：主谓关系、动宾关系和同位关系。
A.主谓关系：从右往左翻译基本结构：N1+of+N2。
N表示名词；一般来说，这里N1是由不及物动词变化过来的名词，表示某个行为，这一行为是由N2来发出的。
或者说N2是N1行为的执行者。
比如：eg：the arrival of my mother【点睛】：这里第一个名词arrival是由不及物动词arrive变化过来的，它表示一个行为；而第二个名词my mother则是这个行为的执行者，即相当于说my mother arrived.译文：我妈妈到了eg:the rise of the U.S. Superpower超级大国美国的兴起/the growth of agriculture农业增长B.动宾关系：从左往右翻译基本结构：N1+of+N2。
高三英语语法知识：名词、代词和冠词【本讲主要内容】英语语法知识：名词、代词和冠词【知识总结归纳】1. 名词：表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。
名词在句子中可以作主语，宾语，表语，宾语补足语，定语，名数词连用可以做状语。
在使用名词时，要注意区分可数名词和不可数名词，以便于正确使用表示不确定数量的定语。
如：a lot of / plenty of / some 可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词。
而：many, a few, few several, scores of, large quantities of, dozens of, a couple of 等只能用在可数名词之前，much, a great deal of, a little, little, a great amount of 等只能用在不可数名词之前。
2. 冠词：冠词是一种虚词，放在名词前面，帮助说明名词的意义。
冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。
a (an)是不定冠词，an用在元音发音开始的词语前。
如：an hour, an English book。
the 是定冠词。
1〕不定冠词：不定冠词a (an)只能用在单数可数名词前。
关于它的用法，用四个字概括，“每、一、类、某〞。
①表示“每日〞、“每周〞……Please take this medicine three times a day.②表示某一种人或物中的一个。
All of us know that he is a teacher, not a student.③表示某一类人或物。
It is an easy task for an elephant.④表示“某一个〞，但仍译为“一个〞、“有个〞。
One day, a Frenchman went to Berlin on business.2〕定冠词的用法：①特指某人或某物，指说话人与听话人都知道的人或物。
Look at the picture. Is there a man in the picture?②复指前面已提到的人或物。
高考英语复习知识点：冠词和名词高考英语复习知识点：名词研究近年来高考题我们不难看出，名词部分主要考察名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配、名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数)、名词的所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、名词和冠词的搭配以及主谓一致等。
在高考试题中，名词常结合其他项目一起考察，考察题型以单项选择、短文改错、完形填空、语篇中的名词词义理解、及写作部分等。
一、对同义词、近义词的考查1、 At the meeting they discussed three different_______to the study of mathematics。
A.approachesB.meansC.methodsD.ways答案D。
解析在会议上他们讨论了三种不同的学习数学的方法。
way意为方式，方法，可指具体的方法，也可指抽象的方法，多指一般的思想、行动、办事的方法，也可指个人特殊的方式、方法。
approach意为接近，靠近，方式，方法，指接近某人或某事，也可指对待或处理事情的方式或方法。
mean意为方式，方法，用于抽象意义，可指为达到某一目的而采用的方法、计划、政策、策略等，尤指整套方法;用于具体意义，常指为达到某一目的所使用的工具、材料、机器、用具、车船等。
method意为方式，方法，指具体的、系统的、有步骤的方法，强调条理性及高效率。
备考提示面对英语学习中的大量近义词，仅凭母语我们往往无法把它们真正理解和解释清楚。
要尽可能地多翻阅英语词典，注意并比较它们的基本义，用英语的思维方式和语言来解释和理解它们。
二、对相似词的考查2、Always read the_______on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.A. explanationsB. instructionsC. descriptionsD. introductions答案B。
语法复习专题一-—名词一、考点聚焦1。
可数名词单、复数变化形式(1）规则变化.①单数名词词尾直接加—s。
如：boy — boys, pen — pens。
②以s、x 、ch 、sh结尾的单词一般加-es。
如：glass — glasses，box — boxes， watch — watches, brush — brushes.特例：stomach - stomaches.③以“辅音字母 + y"结尾的变“y”为“i"再加“-es”.如:baby - babies， lady - ladies， fly — flies.④以“o"结尾的多数加-es。
如：tomato —tomatoes，potato —potatoes， hero - heroes。
但以两个元音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以o 结尾的词只加—s。
如：radio — radios, zoo — zoos， photo - photos，piano - pianos， kilo — kilos， tobacco - tobaccos.⑤以“f”或“fe"结尾的名词复数形式变“f"或“fe”为“v",之后再加-es。
如:wife - wives， life - lives, knife — knives， wolf— wolves， self — selves, leaf - leaves等.特例:handkerchief— handkerchiefs， roof - roofs, chief — chiefs, gulf — gulfs， belief — beliefs, cliff —cliffs。
⑥改变元音字母的.如：man - men, mouse — mice， foot — feet，woman — women, tooth — teeth， goose - geese， ox — oxen.特例：child - children。
专题一名词和冠词名词的种类：1、专有名词：1）China, Japan, Beijing, London, Tom, Jack（不加冠词）2）the Great Wall, the Yellow River, the People’s Republic of China, the United States等。
（由普通名词构成的专有名词，要加定冠词。
）2、普通名词：1）不可数名词物质名词：，，，…抽象名词：，，，，…water rice oil paperhealth trouble work pleasure honor⎧⎨⎩注意：①不可数名词前一般不加冠词，尤不加不定冠词：若加a(an)则使之具体化了。
如：have a wonderful time.②不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
③不可数名词一般无复数形式。
部分物质名词在表不同类别时，可用复数形式。
如：fishes, newspapers, waters, snows……| | | |各种各样的鱼各种报纸河湖、海水积雪④有些抽象名词也常用复数，变为可数的具体的事物。
如：times时代，works著作，difficulties 困难⑤在表数量时，常用“of”词组来表示。
如：a glass of milk, a cup of tea, two pieces of paper….2）可数名词：①可数名词除用复数形式表一类之外，一般都要加冠词：A bird can fly.The frog is a kind of hibernating animal.Vegetables sold at this shop are usually fresh.②有复数形式：a）规则变化——加“s”或“es”（与初中同，略）b）不规则变化——child (children), foot (feet), tooth (teeth), man (men),woman (women), mouse (mice), goose (geese), Englishman (Englishmen), phenomenon(phenomena)…注意：c）单、复数同形：sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese, fish（同一种鱼）……。
高考英语冠词知识点总结在高考英语中，冠词是一个非常基础且常考的语法知识点。
虽然在具体使用时可能有一些细微的差别，但总的来说，英语中的冠词分为三类：定冠词（the）、不定冠词（a/an）和零冠词。
一、定冠词（the）定冠词“the”在英语中使用频率很高，它具体有以下几种情况的使用：1. 特指某一事物或某一类事物时，我们通常用“the”来引用，例如：- The sun rises in the east.- The car parked in front of the house is yellow.2. 当前文中已经提到了某人或某事物，并再次引用时，我们也要使用“the”，例如：- I saw a dog in the park. The dog was black and white.3. 定冠词也可用于表达乐器、职位、团体等，例如：- She plays the piano very well.- He is the director of the company.二、不定冠词（a/an）不定冠词“a/an”用来指代泛指的事物，它具体有以下几种情况的使用：1. 不定冠词“a”用来修饰以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词，例如：- I saw a dog in the park.- She wants to buy a car.2. 不定冠词“an”用来修饰以元音音素开头的单数可数名词，例如：- I saw an elephant in the zoo.- She wants to adopt an abandoned cat.3. 不定冠词还可以用来表示“每一”或“任何一个”的意思，例如：- He spends an hour in the gym every day.- I need a pen to write this letter.三、零冠词零冠词即指在某些情况下不使用冠词。
以下是一些常见的使用情况：1. 名词前有形容词最高级或序数词时，不使用冠词，例如：- He is the tallest boy in our class.- This is my first attempt.2. 名词前有表示国籍、宗教、语言、学科、运动、餐饮等词语时，不使用冠词，例如：- He is studying Chinese.- They practice soccer every day.3. 名词前若有所有格或物主代词修饰时，通常不使用冠词，例如：- My father's car is blue.- Their house is big.总结：掌握冠词的使用是高考英语考试中必备的知识点，它不仅在选择题中经常出现，而且在阅读理解和写作中也有涉及。
入舵市安恙阳光实验学校名词、代词、冠词考点一名词题型一名词的基本用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.If you want to see how life was back in the old days, China still has many beautiful water (town) to visit.【答案】towns2.They are always gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer and they are making (preparation)for the long cold winter.【答案】preparations3.Now, nearly 500 acres of sand is being turned into farms producing corn, (tomato) and sunflowers.【答案】tomatoes4.Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has even been introduced to many neighboring (country).【答案】countries5.A few dollars can help to fill a (child)hungry stomach.【答案】child’s Ⅱ.单句改错6. He usually goes to see his parents on Saturday’sevening.【答案】Saturday’s→Saturday7.Some of us also made a public speech to tell people some knowledges about protecting the environment.【答案】knowledges→knowledge题型二名词构词法1.The Zhongshan team completed tasks including installation of and tests for LiDAR, drilling of ice bedrock, atmospheric sounding (observe), surveys of birds and aerial exploration carried out by the fixed-wing aircraft.【答案】observation2.You may not know the name John Stith Pemberton, but you must know the name of his (invent):Coca-Cola.【答案】invention3.I was traveling in a small place in New York. That place had no taxi for a short (distant).【答案】distance4.Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed, (strong) and agility (敏捷) is the essence of fine artwork.【答案】strength5.Apart from defense, other purposes of the Great Wall have included border control, the (encourage) of trade and the control of immigration.【答案】encouragement6.In 1962, Rachel Carson’s best-selling book “Silent Spring” created an (aware) of the dangerous effects of pesticides(农药).【答案】awareness7.Senior experts from UNESCO were amazed at its unique natural scenery, near perfect ecosystem, and creative (combine) of nature and humanism.【答案】combination考点二代词Ⅰ.单句填空1.China’s research icebreaker Xuelong, on Thursday local time left the Zhongshan Station on (it) way back to China.【答案】its 2.To lighten the addiction, he created his own drink by using leaves of coca and kola nuts. He named “Pemberton’s French Wine Coca”.【答案】it3.More and more people are willing to shop online to get what they want, and I am one of (they).【答案】them4.In a Weibo post, he thanked netizens for (they) love and praise.【答案】their5.In his letter, Jin introduced (he) and Yiwu.【答案】himselfⅡ.单句改错6.Without ads, that would be difficult to g et across a product’s basic message.【答案】that→it7.A large number of students and even some teachers took an active part in it, where the participants handed in our works which were later graded by calligraphers.【答案】our→their8.But even if every large city purified and reused it’s water, we still would not have enough water.【答案】it’s→its9.I’ve lived in New York and Chicago, but don’t like neither of them very much.【答案】neither→either考点三冠词题型一冠词的基本用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.Also known as the Snow Dragon, the icebreaker carrying a research team set sail from Shanghai on Nov. 2 last year, beginning country’s 35th Antarctic expedition.【答案】the2.It’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life,it’s ongoing process.【答案】an 3.Chaplin liked idea of working in the film industry because it would mean a new life.【答案】the4.Three became political leaders;three became doctors;the most famous graduate became university teacher and was responsible for the introduction of modern teaching methods in his country.【答案】aⅡ.单句改错5.I’m lucky enough to make friends with so nice person.【答案】person前加a6.What a impressive experience!【答案】a→an题型二冠词的习惯用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.The sound of the car died away in distance.【答案】the2.Eating chocolate once in while makes it easier for you to resist eating it all the time.【答案】a3.Beavers build themselves curious huts to live in, and quite frequently great number of these huts are placed close together.【答案】a4.All of sudden, a student rushed in and pushed her aside.【答案】aⅡ.单句改错5.Some of the scenery in this area ranks among best in thecountry.【答案】best前加the6.To tell a truth, my spoken English used to be a big headache for me.【答案】第一个a→thestly, you should remember to take some food for the lunch because we’ll stay there and chat with them at noon.【答案】删除the《真题训练》考点一名词第一组1.(天津,6)The (possible) that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. 【答案】possibility2.(江苏,32)Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the (assume) you’ve made.【答案】assumption3.(江苏,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative (explain) are hard to find.【答案】explanations4.(浙江,4 )It is important to pay your (electric)bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.【答案】electricity5.(江苏,24)—Can you tell us your recipe for (happy) and a long life?—Living every day to the full, definitely.【答案】happiness6.(江苏,32)Some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.【答案】adjustments/adjustment7.(江苏,35)—Go and say sorry to your mom,Dave.—I’d like to,but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my (apologize).【答案】apology/apologies8.(浙江,15)One of the most effective ways to reduce (stressful)is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.【答案】stress9.(安徽,30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some (think)and then let me know.【答案】thought第二组1.(安徽六安一中月考一,66)Though alone, you can enjoy your travel in (silent) while thinking quietly.【答案】silence 2.(贵州贵阳8月摸底,67)Human food is very bad for the baboons’(tooth)because it has a lot of sugar.【答案】teeth3.(河南天一大联考阶段检测Ⅰ,67)That writing system was of great (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture.【答案】importance4.(江西临川二中月考一,65)Due to the (arrive) of more Chinese, more shops and businesses grew up.【答案】arrival5.(黑龙江哈尔滨师大附中9月月考,45)These grapes bring wealth as well as their delicious (sweet) to the locals.【答案】sweetness6.(河北保定摸底考试,70)Bringing together Western Medicine and TCM, rather than being in (compete), is where the potential for great effects lies.【答案】competition7.(海南儋州一次统测,64)By the time of his (die), he was the best-selling Chinese author, and over 100 million copies of his works have been sold in the world.【答案】death8.(河南洛阳期中考试,64)So far modern (platform) have taken the place of traditional focuses with a wider range of creative enterprises from smart infrastructure construction to design and robots.【答案】platforms9.(浙江温州普通高中高考适应性测试,62)He decided to put his plan into (act)—building a garden.【答案】action10.(江西红色七校一联,64)To the citizens in Hangzhou, the best part of it is that it will give us the chance to watch world-class matches and (compete)close to home.【答案】competitions考点二代词第一组1.(天津,3)A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than who are not.【答案】those2.(天津,11) was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors. 【答案】It3.(浙江,3)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from in the UK.【答案】that4.(天津,2)The quality of education in this small school is better than in some larger schools.【答案】that5.(浙江,12)How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?【答案】it6.(重庆,2)The meeting will be held in September,but knows the date for sure.【答案】nobody7.(陕西,13)To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the .【答案】other8.(四川,10)Niki is always full of ideas,but is useful to my knowledge.【答案】none第二组1.(安徽“江淮十校”一联,67)In terms of social psychology, one way of thinking about this is that we feel much better about (we) if we focus on someone who’s doing even worse, a process known as downward social comparison.【答案】ourselves2.(贵州贵阳8月摸底,68) (they)job is to find baboons in the city and return them to the countryside.【答案】Their3.(河南许昌高级中学月考一,43)Then he hid (him) nearby and watched carefully to see if anyone would remove the big rock.【答案】himself4.(黑龙江哈尔滨师大附中9月月考,49)If you pick one grape and putin your mouth, you will surely never forget the wonderful taste. 【答案】it5.(四川绵阳南山中学9月月考,70)Now it occurred to (he) that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. 【答案】him6.(湖南浏阳六校联考,67)However, quite a few other people, especially in the countryside, would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”.【答案】those7.(山西太原期中考试,69)In return, bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls, so is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.【答案】it8.(吉林实验中学月考三,63)On this day, dragons, a prominent totem (图腾) in Chinese culture raise (they) heads with the sound of thunder.【答案】their9.(湖北重点高中联考协作体期中考试,64)They say normal levels of stress can help students to work and think faster and more effectively,as well as improve (they)performance.【答案】their10.(江西红色七校一联,69)In the next few years, Hangzhou will try its best to prepare (it)for the big show.【答案】itself考点三冠词第一组1.(浙江,2) prize for the winner of the competition istwo-week holiday in Paris.【答案】The; a2.(浙江,2)Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write a children’s book for many years,but one thing or another always got in way.【答案】the3.(重庆,3)I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask.【答案】the;a4.(四川,5)Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven.【答案】a第二组1.(河南许昌高级中学月考一,50)The villager learned a valuable lesson that many others would never understand: Every obstacle presents opportunity to improve one’s condition.【答案】an2.(黑龙江大庆铁人中学开学考试,62)Every year, butterfly(蝴蝶) lovers in California go out in November to count monarch butterflies. They got a worrying result from their fall monarch count in — number of monarchs had dropped by 86% since .【答案】the3.(江西临川二中月考一,61)Gerrard Street, which is between Leicester Square and Shaftesbury Avenue, is the most important street in the area. There is unique community with many Chinese restaurants, supermarkets and shops.【答案】a4.(江西南昌开学摸底,70)So the key to using a happy smile to make you better runner may be to smile sincerely and often near a race’s end, but in 30-second bursts, rather than constantly.【答案】a5.(云南昆明一中一次摸底,61)The Economist is English-language weekly news and international affairs publication owned by The Economist Newspaper Ltd.【答案】an6.(湖南浏阳六校联考,69)The wedding ceremony is usually hosted warmly and the wedding ceremony very often ends with unique banquet. 【答案】a7.(调研一,64)But naps can actually be double-edged sword because while we’re awake during the day, we’re building up sleepiness or sleep pressure.【答案】a8.(湖北鄂东南教育教学联盟期中考试, 61)Produced by China Central Television (CCTV) and the Ministry of Education(MOE),“First Class for New Semester” has become mandatory viewing activity for parents and students on the first day of the fall semester.【答案】a9.(江西红色七校一联,70) splendid Hangzhou is waiting to see you in 2022.【答案】A10.(河北唐山五校月考,64)As th e saying goes,“All work and no play makes Jack dull boy.”【答案】a。
高中英语语法系统讲解之一名词和冠词名词一. 名词的分类1. 普通名词：○1个体名词，如man，woman，desk，pencil 一般可数，○2集体名词，如class，family，police，army 有单、复数形式。
○3物质名词，如meat，rice，cotton，iron 一般不可数，○4抽象名词，如life，help，happiness，sadness 没有单、复数之分。
2. 专有名词，如England，Shanghai，London，Smith，Karl Marx二. 名词的数1. 可数名词单复数变化形式可数名词是表示可以计数的人、事物的名词。
可数名词一般有单数和复数两种形式，有些词单复数形式相同。
单数变复数有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
○1规则变化A. 单数名词词尾直接加-s。
如bo y—boys，pe n—pens。
B.以s，x，ch，sh结尾的词一般加-es。
如glas s—glasses，bo x—boxes，watch—watches。
C. 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的词变y为i再加-es。
如baby—babies，lady—ladies。
D.以o结尾的词有些加-es。
如tomato—tomatoes，potato—potatoes，hero—heroes。
以“元音+ o”或“oo”结尾的词和一些以“o”结尾的外来词只加-s。
如radi o—radios，zoo—zoos，photo—photos，piano—pianos，kilo—kilos，tobacco—tobaccos。
E. 以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f或fe为v，再加-es。
如wif e—wives，life—lives，knife—knives，wolf—wolves，self—selves，leaf—leaves。
特例：handkerchie f—handkerchiefs或handkerchives，roof—roofs，chief—chiefs，gulf—gulfs，belief—beliefs，cliff—cliffs。
专题一名词和冠词（一）名词知识点一名词的数1.可数名词单数变复数的规则(1)一般在名词词尾直接加s。
friend朋友→friends nation国家→nations interest兴趣→interestschange变化→changesmember成员→memberspainting油画→paintings(2)词尾是s，x，ch，sh时一般加es。
bus公共汽车→buses fox狐狸→foxes coach教练→coaches bush灌木丛→bushes 注意：stomach(胃部)等词的复数形式是在词尾直接加s。
(3)词尾是辅音字母＋y时，变y为i再加es。
enemy敌人→enemies hobby业余爱好→hobbies difficulty困难→difficulties 词尾是元音字母＋y时，直接加s。
guy家伙→guys key钥匙→keys(4)词尾是f或fe时，多将f或fe变为ves。
shelf架子→shelves knife刀子→knives wolf狼→wolves calf牛犊→calves housewife家庭主妇→housewives(5)词尾是o的名词，有些直接加s，有些加es。
bamboo竹子→bamboos tomato番茄→tomatoes potato土豆→potatoes实录：名词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语、状语、同位语以及称呼语，但不能作谓语。
记法：规则变化名词单数变复数，直接加-s占多数；s，x，z，ch，sh来结尾，直接加上-es；词尾是f或fe，加-s之前先变ve；辅母＋y在词尾，把y变i再加-es；词尾字母若是o，常用三个已足够，要加-es请记好，hero, tomato, potato。
2.常用特殊名词的复数形式(1)单复数同形的名词sheep绵羊deer鹿aircraft飞行器Chinese中国人Japanese日本人means手段works工厂series系列(2)自身有特殊变化的名词child孩子→childrenman男人→men woman女人→womentooth牙→teet hfoot脚；英尺→feetmouse老鼠→micecriterion标准→criteriaphenomenon现象→phenomenamedium传播媒介→media(3)合成名词的复数变化规则①有中心名词的合成词的复数，是在中心名词后加-s。
英语高考名词冠词知识点在英语高考中，名词的冠词是十分重要的一部分内容。
正确使用冠词既能够帮助我们准确表达意思，又能够提高文章的整体质量。
然而，名词冠词在使用上却常常会让人感到困惑。
下面，我们就来探讨一下英语高考中名词冠词的一些常见知识点。
1. 不定冠词a/an:不定冠词a/an用于泛指一类人或事物，表示不特指。
当我们用a/an来引入一个名词时，被引入的名词首次出现，随后的提及则用a/an的相同形式。
例如：I saw a dog. The dog was chasing a cat.此外，当一个名词以辅音音素开头时，我们使用a；当一个名词以元音音素开头时，我们使用an。
例如：a book, an apple2. 定冠词the:定冠词the用于特指某一个人或事物。
我们用the来引导之前已经提及过的名词，或者当我们认为对方已经熟知该名词的具体指向时使用。
例如：I saw a dog. The dog was chasing a cat.此外，我们还可以用the来表示整个类别或群体。
例如：The dog is a faithful animal. (指一般情况下的狗)还有，the还可以用于特定的乐器、船只、酒店等特定的事物。
例如：I can play the piano.3. 不使用冠词:在某些情况下，名词是不需要冠词的。
以下是一些常见情况： a) 表示一般概念或抽象意义时，名词不需要冠词。
例如：Love is a beautiful thing.b) 在专有名词前，名词通常不需要冠词。
例如：I study English. (而不是I study the English.)c) 在某些固定搭配中，名词不需要冠词。
例如：in bed, by bus4. 使用冠词的特殊情况:有一些特殊的情况需要注意。
a) 某些名词前既可以有冠词，也可以没有冠词，却会有不同的意思。
例如：I have a job.（我有份工作） VS I have the job.（我得到了这份工作）b) 在某些特定结构中，名词需要用特定的冠词。
