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2011-2012学年北京市海淀区七年级（上）期末数学试卷一、选择题（本题共30分，每小题3分）下面各题均有四个选项，其中只有一个是符合题意的．请将正确选项前的字母填在表格中相应的位置．1．（3分）﹣2的绝对值等于（）A．﹣B．C．﹣2D．22．（3分）神舟八号于2011年11月1日5时58分由改进型“长征二号”火箭顺利发射升空，此次火箭的起飞质量为497000公斤，数字497000用科学记数法可以表示为（）A．497×103B．0.497×106C．4.97×105D．49.7×104 3．（3分）下列结果为负数的是（）A．﹣（﹣3）B．﹣32C．（﹣3）2D．|﹣3|4．（3分）下列计算正确的是（）A．3a+b=3ab B．3a﹣a=2C．2a3+3a2=5a5D．﹣a2b+2a2b=a2b5．（3分）如图，已知点O在直线AB上，∠BOC=90°，则∠AOE的余角是（）A．∠COE B．∠BOC C．∠BOE D．∠AOE6．（3分）已知一个几何体从三个不同方向看到的图形如图所示，则这个几何体是（）A．圆柱B．圆锥C．球体D．棱锥7．（3分）若关于x的方程ax+3x=2的解是x=，则a的值是（）A．﹣1B．5C．1D．﹣58．（3分）如图所示，已知O是直线AB上一点，∠1=40°，OD平分∠BOC，则∠2的度数是（）A．20°B．25°C．30°D．70°9．（3分）若有理数m在数轴上对应的点为M，且满足m＜1＜﹣m，则下列数轴表示正确的是（）A．B．C．D．10．（3分）按下面的程序计算：若输入x=100，输出结果是501，若输入x=25，输出结果是631，若开始输入的x值为正整数，最后输出的结果为556，则开始输入的x值可能有（）A．1种B．2种C．3种D．4种二、填空题（本题共18分，每小题3分）11．（3分）若一个数的相反数是2，则这个数是．12．（3分）∠α=18°20′，∠β=6°30′，则α+β=．13．（3分）如图所示，线段AB=4cm，BC=7cm，则AC=cm．14．（3分）若|m﹣3|+（n+2）2=0，则m+2n的值为．15．（3分）如果a﹣3b=8，那么代数式5﹣a+3b的值是．16．（3分）观察下面两行数第一行：4，﹣9，16，﹣25，36，…第二行：6，﹣7，18，﹣23，38，…则第二行中的第6个数是；第n个数是．三、解答题（本题共24分，第19题8分，其他题每题4分）17．（4分）计算：（﹣1）10×3+8÷（﹣4）．18．（4分）化简：2x+5+3x﹣7．19．（8分）解方程：（1）2x﹣9=5x+3（2）．20．（4分）先化简，再求值：x2﹣（5x2﹣4y）+3（x2﹣y），其中x=﹣1，y=2．21．（4分）画一画如下图所示，河流在两个村庄A、B的附近可以近似地看成是两条折线段（图中l），A、B分别在河的两旁．现要在河边修建一个水泵站，同时向A、B两村供水，为了节约建设的费用，就要使所铺设的管道最短．某人甲提出了这样的建议：从B 向河道作垂线交l于P，则点P为水泵站的位置．（1）你是否同意甲的意见？（填“是”或“否”）；（2）若同意，请说明理由，若不同意，那么你认为水泵站应该建在哪？请在图中作出来，并说明作图的依据．四、解答题（本题共28分，第22题5分，第23题5分，第24题6分，第25题6分，第26题6分）22．（5分）如图所示，已知∠COB=2∠AOC，OD平分∠AOB，且∠AOC=40°，求∠BOD的度数．23．（5分）列方程解应用题：油桶制造厂的某车间主要负责生产制造油桶用的圆形铁片和长方形铁片，该车间有工人42人，每个工人平均每小时可以生产圆形铁片120片或者长方形铁片80片．如图，一个油桶由两个圆形铁片和一个长方形铁片相配套．生产圆形铁片和长方形铁片的工人各为多少人时，才能使生产的铁片恰好配套？24．（6分）关于x的方程（m﹣1）x n﹣3=0是一元一次方程．（1）则m，n应满足的条件为：m，n；（2）若此方程的根为整数，求整数m的值．25．（6分）已知线段AB的长为10cm，C是直线AB上一动点，M是线段AC的中点，N是线段BC的中点．（1）若点C恰好为线段AB上一点，则MN=cm；（2）猜想线段MN与线段AB长度的关系，即MN=AB，并说明理由．26．（6分）有一台单功能计算器，对任意两个整数只能完成求差后再取绝对值的运算，其运算过程是：输入第一个整数x1，只显示不运算，接着再输入整数x2后则显示|x1﹣x2|的结果．比如依次输入1，2，则输出的结果是|1﹣2|=1；此后每输入一个整数都是与前次显示的结果进行求差后再取绝对值的运算．（1）若小明依次输入3，4，5，则最后输出的结果是；（2）若小明将1到2011这2011个整数随意地一个一个的输入，全部输入完毕后显示的最后结果设为m，则m的最大值为；（3）若小明将1到n（n≥3）这n个正整数随意地一个一个的输入，全部输入完毕后显示的最后结果设为m．探究m的最小值和最大值．2011-2012学年北京市海淀区七年级（上）期末数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（本题共30分，每小题3分）下面各题均有四个选项，其中只有一个是符合题意的．请将正确选项前的字母填在表格中相应的位置．1．（3分）﹣2的绝对值等于（）A．﹣B．C．﹣2D．2【分析】根据绝对值的性质：一个负数的绝对值是它的相反数解答即可．【解答】解：根据绝对值的性质，|﹣2|=2．故选：D．【点评】本题考查了绝对值的性质：一个正数的绝对值是它本身，一个负数的绝对值是它的相反数，0的绝对值是0，难度适中．2．（3分）神舟八号于2011年11月1日5时58分由改进型“长征二号”火箭顺利发射升空，此次火箭的起飞质量为497000公斤，数字497000用科学记数法可以表示为（）A．497×103B．0.497×106C．4.97×105D．49.7×104【分析】科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式，其中1≤|a|＜10，n为整数．确定n的值时，要看把原数变成a时，小数点移动了多少位，n的绝对值与小数点移动的位数相同．当原数绝对值＞1时，n是正数；当原数的绝对值＜1时，n是负数．【解答】解：将497000用科学记数法表示为：4.97×105．故选：C．【点评】此题考查了科学记数法的表示方法．科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n 的形式，其中1≤|a|＜10，n为整数，表示时关键要正确确定a的值以及n 的值．3．（3分）下列结果为负数的是（）A．﹣（﹣3）B．﹣32C．（﹣3）2D．|﹣3|【分析】负数就是小于的数，利用绝对值的性质，以及平方的计算方法，计算出各项的值，即可作出判断．【解答】解：A、﹣（﹣3）=3，是正数，故A选项错误；B、﹣32=﹣9，是负数，故B选项正确；C、（﹣3）2=9，是正数，故C选项错误；D、|﹣3|=3，是正数，故D选项错误．故选：B．【点评】本题主要考查了绝对值与有理数的乘方的计算，是基础的题目．4．（3分）下列计算正确的是（）A．3a+b=3ab B．3a﹣a=2C．2a3+3a2=5a5D．﹣a2b+2a2b=a2b【分析】本题考查同类项的概念，含有相同的字母，并且相同字母的指数相同，是同类项的两项可以合并，否则不能合并．合并同类项的法则是系数相加作为系数，字母和字母的指数不变．【解答】解：A、3a与b不是同类项，不能合并．错误；B、3a﹣a=2a．错误；C、2a3与3a2不是同类项，不能合并．错误；D、﹣a2b+2a2b=a2b．正确．故选：D．【点评】同类项的概念是所含字母相同，相同字母的指数也相同的项是同类项；注意不是同类项的一定不能合并．5．（3分）如图，已知点O在直线AB上，∠BOC=90°，则∠AOE的余角是（）A．∠COE B．∠BOC C．∠BOE D．∠AOE【分析】求∠AOE的余角，根据互余的定义，即是求与∠AOE的和是90°的角，根据角相互间的和差关系可得．【解答】解：已知点O在直线AB上，∠BOC=90°，∴∠AOC=90°，∴∠AOE+∠COE=90°，∴∠AOE的余角是∠COE，故选：A．【点评】本题主要考查了余角和补角的定义，是一个基本的类型．6．（3分）已知一个几何体从三个不同方向看到的图形如图所示，则这个几何体是（）A．圆柱B．圆锥C．球体D．棱锥【分析】由主视图和左视图可得此几何体为锥体，根据俯视图是圆及圆心可判断出此几何体为圆锥．【解答】解：∵主视图和左视图都是三角形，∴此几何体为椎体，∵俯视图是一个圆，∴此几何体为圆锥．故选：B．【点评】本题主要考查了由三视图判断几何体，由主视图和左视图可得几何体是柱体，锥体还是球体，由俯视图可确定几何体的具体形状．7．（3分）若关于x的方程ax+3x=2的解是x=，则a的值是（）A．﹣1B．5C．1D．﹣5【分析】把x=代入方程ax+3x=2得到一个关于a的方程，求出方程的解即可．【解答】解：把x=代入方程ax+3x=2得：a+=2，∴a+3=8，∴a=5，故选：B．【点评】本题考查了解一元一次方程和一元一次方程的解等知识点的应用，关键是根据方程的解的定义得出一个关于a的方程，题目比较典型，难度不大．8．（3分）如图所示，已知O是直线AB上一点，∠1=40°，OD平分∠BOC，则∠2的度数是（）A．20°B．25°C．30°D．70°【分析】先根据平角的定义求出∠COB的度数，再由OD平分∠BOC即可求出∠2的度数．【解答】解：∵∠1=40°，∴∠COB=180°﹣40°=140°，∵OD平分∠BOC，∴∠2=∠BOC=×140°=70°．故选：D．【点评】本题考查的是平角的定义及角平分线的定义，熟知以上知识是解答此题的关键．9．（3分）若有理数m在数轴上对应的点为M，且满足m＜1＜﹣m，则下列数轴表示正确的是（）A．B．C．D．【分析】根据m＜1＜﹣m，求出m的取值范围，进而确定M的位置即可．【解答】解：∵m＜1＜﹣m，∴，解得：m＜﹣1．故选：A．【点评】此题主要考查了不等式组的解法以及利用数轴确定点的位置，根据已知得出m的取值范围是解题关键．10．（3分）按下面的程序计算：若输入x=100，输出结果是501，若输入x=25，输出结果是631，若开始输入的x值为正整数，最后输出的结果为556，则开始输入的x值可能有（）A．1种B．2种C．3种D．4种【分析】由5x+1=556，解得x=111，即开始输入的x为111，最后输出的结果为556；当开始输入的x值满足5x+1=111，最后输出的结果也为556，可解得x=22；当开始输入的x值满足5x+1=22，最后输出的结果也为556，但此时解得的x 的值为小数，不合题意．【解答】解：∵输出的结果为556，∴5x+1=556，解得x=111；而111＜500，当5x+1等于111时最后输出的结果为556，即5x+1=111，解得x=22；当5x+1=22时最后输出的结果为556，即5x+1=22，解得x=4.2（不合题意舍去），所以开始输入的x值可能为22或111．故选：B．【点评】本题考查了代数式求值：先把代数式进行变形，然后把满足条件的字母的值代入计算得到对应的代数式的值．也考查了解一元一方程．二、填空题（本题共18分，每小题3分）11．（3分）若一个数的相反数是2，则这个数是﹣2．【分析】根据互为相反数的两数之和为0可得出答案．【解答】解：﹣2的相反数为2，∴这个数为﹣2．故答案为：﹣2．【点评】本题考查相反数的知识，比较简单，注意掌握互为相反数的两数之和为0．12．（3分）∠α=18°20′，∠β=6°30′，则α+β=24°50′．【分析】代入后相加即可，注意：18°+6°=24°，20′+30′=50′．【解答】解：∠α+∠β=18°20′+6°30′=24°50′，故答案为：24°50′．【点评】本题考查了对角的计算的理解，注意：计算时分别相加（度+度、分+分、秒+秒，满60进1），如1°36′+2°43′=3°79′=4°19′．13．（3分）如图所示，线段AB=4cm，BC=7cm，则AC=11cm．【分析】直接利用AC=AB+BC计算即可．【解答】解：∵AB=4cm，BC=7cm，∴AC=AB+BC=4cm+7cm=11cm．故答案为11．【点评】本题考查了两点间的距离：两点的连线段的长叫两点间的距离．14．（3分）若|m﹣3|+（n+2）2=0，则m+2n的值为﹣1．【分析】根据非负数的性质列出方程求出m、n的值，代入所求代数式计算即可．【解答】解：∵|m﹣3|+（n+2）2=0，∴，解得，∴m+2n=3﹣4=﹣1．故答案为﹣1．【点评】本题考查了非负数的性质：几个非负数的和为0时，这几个非负数都为0．15．（3分）如果a﹣3b=8，那么代数式5﹣a+3b的值是﹣3．【分析】将已知条件整体代入所求代数式即可．【解答】解：∵a﹣3b=8，∴5﹣a+3b=5﹣（a﹣3b）=5﹣8=﹣3．故本题答案为﹣3．【点评】本题考查了代数式的求值，根据已知条件，运用整体代入的思想解题．16．（3分）观察下面两行数第一行：4，﹣9，16，﹣25，36，…第二行：6，﹣7，18，﹣23，38，…则第二行中的第6个数是﹣47；第n个数是（﹣1）n+1（n+1）2+2．【分析】由第一行可知，每个数字为完全平方数，即第n个数字为（n+1）2，符号是偶数项为负，第二行每一个数比第一行对应的数大2，由此得出规律．【解答】解：根据观察的规律，得第二行中的第6个数是﹣（6+1）2+2=﹣47；第n个数是（﹣1）n+1（n+1）2+2；故答案为：﹣47，（﹣1）n+1（n+1）2+2．【点评】本题考查了数字变化规律型题．关键是由特殊到一般，找出数字规律，符号规律．三、解答题（本题共24分，第19题8分，其他题每题4分）17．（4分）计算：（﹣1）10×3+8÷（﹣4）．【分析】首先进行乘方运算，然后在进行乘除法运算即可．【解答】解：原式=1×3﹣8÷4=3﹣2=1．【点评】本题主要考查有理数的混合运算，关键在于正确认真进行计算．18．（4分）化简：2x+5+3x﹣7．【分析】合并同类项的法则就是字母不变，系数想加减．【解答】解：原式=（2x+3x）+（5﹣7）=5x﹣2．【点评】本题考查合并同类项的法则关键知道字母不变，系数想加减．19．（8分）解方程：（1）2x﹣9=5x+3（2）．【分析】（1）按照移项，合并，系数化为1的步骤解题即可；（2）按照去分母，去括号，移项，合并的步骤解题即可．【解答】解：（1）移项得：2x﹣5x=3+9．合并得：﹣3x=12．系数化为1得：x=﹣4．（2）解：两边同时乘以12，得2（5x﹣7）+12=3（3x﹣1）．去括号得：10x﹣14+12=9x﹣3．移项得：10x﹣9x=﹣3+14﹣12，合并得：x=﹣1．【点评】考查解一元一次方程；掌握解一元一次方程的步骤是解决本题的关键；注意去分母时单独的一个数也要乘最小公倍数．20．（4分）先化简，再求值：x2﹣（5x2﹣4y）+3（x2﹣y），其中x=﹣1，y=2．【分析】先去括号，x2﹣（5x2﹣4y）+3（x2﹣y）=x2﹣5x2+4y+3x2﹣3y；再合并同类项得﹣x2+y；最后把x=﹣1，y=2代入式子求值．【解答】解：x2﹣（5x2﹣4y）+3（x2﹣y）=x2﹣5x2+4y+3x2﹣3y=﹣x2+y；∴当x=﹣1，y=2时，原式=﹣（﹣1）2+2=1．【点评】此类化简求值题目的解答，要按顺序先化简，再代入计算求值．关键是化为最简的代数式，才能简化计算．21．（4分）画一画如下图所示，河流在两个村庄A、B的附近可以近似地看成是两条折线段（图中l），A、B分别在河的两旁．现要在河边修建一个水泵站，同时向A、B两村供水，为了节约建设的费用，就要使所铺设的管道最短．某人甲提出了这样的建议：从B 向河道作垂线交l于P，则点P为水泵站的位置．（1）你是否同意甲的意见？否（填“是”或“否”）；（2）若同意，请说明理由，若不同意，那么你认为水泵站应该建在哪？请在图中作出来，并说明作图的依据．【分析】（1）根据线段的性质可判断；（2）水泵应在线段AB上，连接AB，与l的交点，即为水泵的位置；【解答】解：（1）否；（2）连接AB，交l于点Q，则水泵站应该建在点Q处；依据为：两点之间，线段最短．【点评】本题主要考查了线段的性质：两点之间线段最短；体现了数学知识在实际中的应用．四、解答题（本题共28分，第22题5分，第23题5分，第24题6分，第25题6分，第26题6分）22．（5分）如图所示，已知∠COB=2∠AOC，OD平分∠AOB，且∠AOC=40°，求∠BOD的度数．【分析】由角平分线的定义，可以得到∠BOD=∠AOB÷2，从而可以转化为求∠AOB．【解答】解：∵∠COB=2∠AOC，且∠AOC=40°，∴∠COB=2×40°=80°，∴∠AOB=∠AOC+∠COB=40°+80°=120°，∵OD平分∠AOB，∴∠BOD=∠AOB÷2=120°÷2=60°．∴∠BOD的度数是60°．故答案为60°．【点评】本题主要考查角平分线的知识点，比较简单．23．（5分）列方程解应用题：油桶制造厂的某车间主要负责生产制造油桶用的圆形铁片和长方形铁片，该车间有工人42人，每个工人平均每小时可以生产圆形铁片120片或者长方形铁片80片．如图，一个油桶由两个圆形铁片和一个长方形铁片相配套．生产圆形铁片和长方形铁片的工人各为多少人时，才能使生产的铁片恰好配套？【分析】可设生产圆形铁片的工人为x人，则生产长方形铁片的工人为42﹣x人，根据两张圆形铁片与一张长方形铁片可配套成一个密封圆桶可列出关于x的方程，求解即可．【解答】解：设生产圆形铁片的工人为x人，则生产长方形铁片的工人为42﹣x 人，根据题意可列方程：120x=2×80（42﹣x），解得：x=24，则42﹣x=18．答：生产圆形铁片的有24人，生产长方形铁片的有18人．【点评】本题考查了一元一次方程的应用，解题关键是要读懂题目的意思，根据题目给出的条件，找出合适的等量关系，列出方程，再求解，难度一般．24．（6分）关于x的方程（m﹣1）x n﹣3=0是一元一次方程．（1）则m，n应满足的条件为：m≠1，n=1；（2）若此方程的根为整数，求整数m的值．【分析】（1）根据一元一次方程的定义：含有一个未知数，未知数的次数为1，求解；（2）先由（1）得方程（m﹣1）x﹣3=0，求出x，再根据此方程的根为整数确定m的值．【解答】解：（1）根据一元一次方程的定义得：m﹣1≠0，n=1，即m≠1，n=1，故答案为：≠1，=1；（2）由（1）可知方程为（m﹣1）x﹣3=0，则x=∵此方程的根为整数，∴为整数．又m为整数，则m﹣1=﹣3，﹣1，1，3，∴m=﹣2，0，2，4．【点评】本题考查的是一元一次方程的定义，根据题意确定m的值是解答此题的关键．25．（6分）已知线段AB的长为10cm，C是直线AB上一动点，M是线段AC的中点，N是线段BC的中点．（1）若点C恰好为线段AB上一点，则MN=5cm；（2）猜想线段MN与线段AB长度的关系，即MN=AB，并说明理由．【分析】（1）因为点C恰好为线段AB上一点，所以MN=MC+NC=AC+BC=（AC+BC）=AB=5cm；（2）分三种情况当C在线段AB上时，当C在线段AB的延长线上时，当C在线段BA的延长线上时，进行推论说明．【解答】解：（1）因为点C恰好为线段AB上一点，所以MN=MC+NC=AC+BC=（AC+BC）=AB=5cm；故答案为：5；（2）；证明：∵M是线段AC的中点，∴CM=AC，∵N是线段BC的中点，∴CN=BC，…（3分）以下分三种情况讨论，当C在线段AB上时，MN=CM+CN=AB；…（4分）当C在线段AB的延长线上时，MN=CM﹣CN=AB；…（5分）当C在线段BA的延长线上时，MN=CN﹣CM=AB；…（6分）综上：MN=AB．故答案为：．【点评】考查了两点间的距离．首先要根据题意，考虑所有可能情况，画出正确图形．再根据中点的概念，进行线段的计算与证明．26．（6分）有一台单功能计算器，对任意两个整数只能完成求差后再取绝对值的运算，其运算过程是：输入第一个整数x1，只显示不运算，接着再输入整数x2后则显示|x1﹣x2|的结果．比如依次输入1，2，则输出的结果是|1﹣2|=1；此后每输入一个整数都是与前次显示的结果进行求差后再取绝对值的运算．（1）若小明依次输入3，4，5，则最后输出的结果是4；（2）若小明将1到2011这2011个整数随意地一个一个的输入，全部输入完毕后显示的最后结果设为m，则m的最大值为2010；（3）若小明将1到n（n≥3）这n个正整数随意地一个一个的输入，全部输入完毕后显示的最后结果设为m．探究m的最小值和最大值．【分析】（1）根据已知得出输入与输出结果的规律求出即可；（2）根据题意每次输入都是与前一次运算结果求差后取绝对值，转化为奇偶性的性质然后讨论最大值．（3）根据分析的奇偶性进行构造，其中k为非负整数，连续四个正整数结合指的是按（*）式结构计算分别得出最大值与最小值．【解答】解：（1）根据题意可以得出：||3﹣4|﹣5|=|1﹣5|=4；故答案为：4．（2）由于输入的数都是非负数．当x1≥0，x2≥0时，|x1﹣x2|不超过x1，x2中最大的数．对x1≥0，x2≥0，x3≥0，则||x1﹣x2|﹣x3|不超过x1，x2，x3中最大的数．小明输入这2011个数设次序是x1，x2，x2011，相当于计算：||||x1﹣x2|﹣x3|﹣x2011|﹣x2011|=P．因此P的值≤2011．另外从运算奇偶性分析，x1，x2为整数．|x1﹣x2|与x1+x2奇偶性相同．因此P与x1+x2+…+x2011的奇偶性相同．但x1+x2+…+x2011=1+2+2011=偶数．于是断定P≤2010．我们证明P可以取到2010．对1，2，3，4，按如下次序|||1﹣3|﹣4|﹣2|=0．|||（4k+1）﹣（4k+3）|﹣（4k+4）|﹣（4k+2）|=0，对k=0，1，2，均成立．因此，1﹣2008可按上述办法依次输入最后显示结果为0．而后||2009﹣2010|﹣2011|=2010．所以P的最大值为2010．故答案为：2010；（3）对于任意两个正整数x1，x2，|x1﹣x2|一定不超过x1和x2中较大的一个，对于任意三个正整数x1，x2，x3，||x1﹣x2|﹣x3|一定不超过x1，x2和x3中最大的一个，以此类推，设小明输入的n个数的顺序为x1，x2，…x n，则m=|||…|x1﹣x2|﹣x3|﹣…|﹣x n|，m一定不超过x1，x2，…x n，中的最大数，所以0≤m≤n，易知m与1+2+…+n的奇偶性相同；1，2，3可以通过这种方式得到0：||3﹣2|﹣1|=0；任意四个连续的正整数可以通过这种方式得到0：|||a﹣（a+1）|﹣（a+3）|﹣（a+2）|=0（*）；下面根据前面分析的奇偶性进行构造，其中k为非负整数，连续四个正整数结合指的是按（*）式结构计算．当n=4k时，1+2+…+n为偶数，则m为偶数，连续四个正整数结合可得到0，则最小值为0，前三个结合得到0，接下来连续四个结合得到0，仅剩下n，则最大值为n；当n=4k+1时，1+2+…+n为奇数，则m为奇数，除1外，连续四个正整数结合得到0，则最小值为1，从1开始连续四个正整数结合得到0，仅剩下n，则最大值为n；当n=4k+2时，1+2+…+n为奇数，则m为奇数，从1开始连续四个正整数结合得到0，仅剩下n和n﹣1，则最小值为1，从2开始连续四个正整数结合得到0，仅剩下1和n，最大值为n﹣1；当n=4k+3时，1+2+…+n为偶数，则m为偶数，前三个结合得到0，接下来连续四个正整数结合得到0，则最小值为0，从3开始连续四个正整数结合得到0，仅剩下1，2和n，则最大值为n﹣1．【点评】此题考查了整数的奇偶性问题以及含有绝对值的函数最值问题，虽然以计算为载体，但首先要有试验观察和分情况讨论的能力．。
知识运用（共23分）四、单项选择（共11分，每小题1分）21.The girl n ext to me is _________ cous in.A.IB.meC.mi ne Dmy22.There is __________ e raser on the dest.A./B.a nC.aD.the23.---Is Mary 'birthday ____________ Janu ary?---Yes,it is.A.inB. onC.atD.for24.Jim __________ TV after lunch every dayA.seesB.watchesC.readsD.lo oks25.--- _______ is this radio?---280 yua n.A.HowB.How muchC.What colorD.Where26.0ur En glish teacher ___________ v ery ni ce.A.amB.beC.areD.is27.1don 'like history because it's too _________ .A.i nterest ingB.excit ingC.bori ngD.relax ing28. --- ________ you dan ce,Judy?---Oh ,n o,l can '.A.MayB.MustC.NeedD.Can29.1like these shorts, ___________ t hey are too big for me.A.butB.orC.soD.a nd30.Joh n is a volleyball star.For vegetables,he likes ___________ .kB.riceC.tomatoesD.apples31.---Hi,Bob!Here is a CD for your birthday!A.The same to youB.Yes,pleaseC.Tha nk you D」t 'OK五、完形填空（共12分，每小题1分）ADear JennyI am very busy on Friday.At 8:00 I have math .It is not fun. The n at 9:00 I have science.lt is 32 but interesting.At 10:00 I have history.After that ,I have P.E.at 11:00.It is easy 33 fun .Lu nch is from12:00 to 1:00,a nd after that we have Chin ese .It is my favorite 34 .Our Chin ese teacher,Mrs.Wa ng,isgreat fun.My classes finish at 1:50,but after that I have an art less on for two hours .It is really relax ing!How about you? Whe n are your Classes? 35 is your favorite subject?32.A.difficult B.bori ng C.relaxi ng D.cool33.A. or B.but C.a nd D.so34. A.color B.food C.sport D.subject35.A.How B.What C.Where D.WhenBCan you keep a secret （秘密）? I have to keep a secret for a Iong,long time.My family 'favorite football team is Fox Team, 36 I like a different team---Lion Team.It is very difficult to be different.I have to be very good at pretending（假装）when both teams play each other.I cant laugh when 37 team scores得分）」have to go to the bathroom and celebrate庆祝）there」can 'be 38 whe n the other team scores.1 can only have my team's39 on my bedroom wall whenthere is no one with me.If some one comes to my room,I have to be quick to cha nge 改变）40 it looks .I have to have a secret wardrobe 衣柜）to put my clothes in ,too. And I have to put my favorite team's clothes 41 the other team s.Birthdays are bad,too,because I canget football gifts for the team I like.But the n my life cha nges!A rich man 42 both teams in my tow n and makes thetwo teams into a big one ---Ani mal Ki ng Team.Now I can relax and enjoy all the games with my famil y.I don't 43 to go to the bathroom whe n the team scores.36.A. a nd B.but C.or D.so37. A.your B.their C.his D.my38.A. sad B.happy C.busy D.free39.A.clothes B.footballs C.pictures D.songs40.A.how B.what C.where D.whe n41. A.from B.un der C.at D. on42. A.fi nds B.helps C.buys D.knows43.A.wa nt B.get C.take D.n eed阅读理解（共32分）六、阅读理解（共20分，每小题2分）Sports faveSports things are on sale at our Sports Wave. Hurry up and see!Do you need sweater?We have Kappa sweaters in white,black,blue and red.They are only $20each.For boys,we have shorts for only $e and see for yourself. Come and buy Nikeshoeshere.We have allkinds ofshoes,r unningshoes,soccershoes…Only$16each pair.You name them,a nd wehave eand have a look.Do you like tennis?We have Li-N ingtennis skirts inwhite,purple andyellow foronly$12.lf you buyone,you can get a hatfor free.Bige and see!We have AntaT-shirts for everyone at very goodprices.And ourT-shirts are in allcolors,and in allsizes.Just$9 each,and $16 fortwo.Hurry up!44.A Kappa sweater is ___________ .A.$20B.$11C.$16D.$1245.lf you buy __________ ,you can get a hat for free.A.a sweaterB.a pair of shoesC.a tennis skirtD.a T-shirt46.Bill has $10,so he can buy __________ .A.a pair fo Kappa shortsB.a Li-N ing skirtC.a pair of Nike shoesD.a n An ta T-shirtBDonny,an 11-year old boy,is playing with a ball.The ball goes into the street and donny runs for the ball.Acar hits碰撞）Donny.An ambulanee救护车）takes Donny to the hospital.The doctors at the hospital tell Donny'parents, Donny is in a coma”Every day Donny' parents visit him at the hospital.They sit next to Donny s bed and talk to him.But Donny never talks to them.He just sleeps.One day Donny ' father says, Wake up ,Donny.Wake up,come home and play with Rusty. ” Rusty is Donny s dog.When Donny' father says Rusty”,Donny moves his arm. Rusty!”Donny' father says agai n. Agai n,Donny moves his arm.Donn y'pare nts have an idea. They tell the nu rse,We want to bring Donn y'dog to the hospital ” The nurse says OK ”The n ext dayQ onny s pare nts bring Rusty to the hospital.Whe n they put the dog on Donny s bed,D onny ope ns his eyes and hugs the dog.Donny'sparents bring Rusty to the hospital every day One day,Rusty jumps onto Donn y'bed and scratches抓） Donn s arm.D onny says his first words: Bad dog”After seve n weeks,Do nny is well.He leaves the hospital and goes home.47.D onny is _______ in the street whe n a car hits him.A.movi ng his armB.walki ng with his pare ntsC.talking with his dogD.running for a ball48. _______ wakes up Donny at last?A.A doctorB.A nurseC.His dogD.His father49.The un derl ined senten ce Donny is in a coma.”mea ns_____ .A.Do nny is an un healthy boyB.D onny must leave the hospitalC.Do nny n eeds to play sportsD.Do nny is asleep and ca'talk50.What can be the best title标题for the passage?A.The parents loveB.Donny and RustyCA Story of Rusty D.Do nny is in HospitalCOne of the most popular ideas about health and food in UK is found to be un true,accordi ng to a new studyFor many years British people have bee n advisee建议）to eat five-a-day” ——that is five fruit or vegetablesevery day in order to help them keep healthy and lower the cha nee of ill ness,especially cancel!症）.The advice was first made in 1990 by the World Health Organization which said that the five-a-da y” diet could prevent预防）cancer and other bad illness.Since the n the advice has bee n welcomed by many developed coun tries,such as the UK and the US,where people eat much junk food.However,a study of 500,000 Europea nsfrom 10 differe nt coun tries refutes the idea that about 50% of can cers could be preve nted by eati ng more fruit and vegetables.Instead,thestudy from a well-known New York medical school,says that only 2.5% of can cers could be preve nted by eati ng more fruit and vegetables.It seemsthat the most important is to have a healthy lifestyle,for example,not smok ing or drinking a lot of alcohol,hav ing sports and keep ing fit.But medical charities（慈善机构）have spoken out that diet is quite important im stay ing healthya nd that eve n a 2.5% drop in can cers is still a big step.Cancer Research UK said,吒'still a good idea to eat your five-a-day,but remember that fruit and vegetables are pieces in a much larger lifestyle jigsa拼图）.”51.The underlined word refutes" probably means __________ .A.likes betterB.says no toC.stopsD.a nswers52.Which of the followi ng stateme nts is TRUE?A.Five-a-day” doesn'thelp people keep healthyB.Eati ng more fruit and vegetables can stop can cerC.Eating well is just a part to keep people healthyD.Junk food eaters like eating fruit and vegetables.53.What is the passage文章）ma in ly about?A.Five-a-day”doesn'thelp much.B.Don'teat too much junk food.C」t is important to have a healthy lifestyle.D.Bad ill nesses like can cer can be preve nted.七、阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
海淀区七年级第一学期期末练习答案及评分参考英语2011.1听力理解（共20分）一、听对话选图。
（共6分，每小题1分）1. B2. A3. C4. A5. B6. D二、听对话选择答案。
（共9分，每小题1分）7. A 8. B 9. C 10. C 11.B 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A三、听对话记录关键信息。
（共5分，每小题1分）16. Mary 17. 13 / thirteen 18. swimming 19. Sunday 20. 5/ five( 17, 18, 20题首字母大小写均可接受。
)知识运用（共27分）四、单项填空（共15分，每小题1分）21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. D 30.B 31. A32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B五、完形填空（共12分，每小题1分）36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. D 41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D45. A 46.C 47. B阅读理解（共20分）六、阅读短文，选择最佳选项。
（共20分，每小题2分）48. B 49. C 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. D 55. C 56. A 57. B补全对话(共5分)七、补全对话(共5分,每小题1分)58. A 59. E 60.C 61. D 62. B书面表达（共28分）八、阅读与表达（共8分，每小题2分）63. Yes, we do. / Yes.64. My parents.65．Because we can learn from their experience. / Because parents go through many hard situations.66．We need to ask for help when we have problems/ when we face difficult times.九、完成句子（共8分，每小题2分）67. can dance 68. come, buy 69. school trip 70. want to十、文段表达（共12分）Dear Henry,Let me tell you something about my Saturday. I usually get up at 7:00. Then I have breakfast at 7:30. I often have an apple, bread and milk for breakfast. At 9:00, I go to the music club and I play the violin. We have lunch at 12:00. In the afternoon, I often go to a movie. I like comedies because they are funny. After that, I play sports for one hour. I can play volleyball and I love it very much.Best wishes! Yours,Li Ming附1：书面表达评分标准：第一档：（10~12分）完全符合题目要求，观点正确,要点齐全。
2014~2015学年第二学期初一年级英语期中考试试卷听力理解（共26分）一、听对话，从所给的三幅图片中选择与对话内容相符的图片。
（共4分，每小题1分）二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
（共12分，每小题1分）请听一段对话，完成第5至第6小题。
5. What does Mary do after she gets up?A. She reads a book.B. She runs.C. She takes a shower. 6. What time does Mary have breakfast?A. At 6:50.B. At 7:00.C. At 7:30.请听一段对话，完成第7至第8小题。
7. Who does Mike go to Hainan with?A. His friend.B. His brother.C. His cousin.8. How does Mike go to Hainan?A. By train.B. By air.C. By bus.请听一段对话，完成第9至第10小题。
9. What club does Jim want to join?A. The sports club.B. The music club.C. The chess club.10. What does Jim do on Sunday afternoon?A. He learns English.B. He plays the piano.C. He plays chess.请听一段对话，完成第11至第13小题。
11. Who is Helen?A. Peter's friend.B. Peter's sister.C. Peter's cousin.12. What is Peter's father doing?A. Reading a newspaper.B. Making soup.C. Watching TV.13. What does Peter want to have for supper?A. Some zongzi.B. Some burgers.C. Some rice.请听一段独白，完成第14至第16小题。
2023-2024学年北京市海淀区七年级（上）期中英语试卷第一部分听力理解。
一、听后选择。
第一节听下面4段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
每段对话你将听两遍。
1．（1.5分）How much are the socks？A. ＄5.B. ＄6.C. ＄7.2．（1.5分）Where is the boy's notebook？A.On the desk.B.Under the bed.C.In the schoolbag.3．（1.5分）Who are the speakers talking about？A.The girl's sister.B.The girl's aunt.C.The girl's grandma.4．（1.5分）Why does the boy like basketball？A.Because he has a nice teacher.B.Because he thinks it's interesting.C.Because he can make more friends.第二节听下面3 段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有两个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
5．（3分）（1）When is Mom's birthday party？A.On Thursday.B.On Saturday.C.On Sunday.（2）What will the children give their mom on her birthday？A.A cake.B.A card.C.Some flowers.6．（3分）（1）What does the girl think of Nancy？A.Nice.B.Beautiful.C.Clever.（2）What will the girl do with Nancy this weekend？A.Watch a movie.B.Make a poster.C.Have a talk.7．（3分）（1）What can we know from the message （留言）？A.The CD is in the bookcase.B.Frank has his math book with him.C.Mom will meet her son this afternoon.（2）What should Frank do？A.Clean up the room every morning.B.Wait for his mom at the bus stop.C.Get ready for the next school day.二、听后回答。
2011-2012海淀区七年级第一学期期末练习英 语 2012.1（ ）1（ ）2A B C（ ）3A B C （ ）4A B C二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选择最佳答案。
（共12分，每小题1分）请听下面一段对话，回答第5至6小题。
（ ）5. What is Peter ’s favorite subject?A. MathB. ScienceC. History（）6.Why does Mary like art?A. It’s funB. It’s easyC. It’s great.请听下面一段对话，回答第7至8小题。
（）7.How old is Mike?A. 13B.14C. 15（）8.What do they want to eat?A. Cakes and fruit.B. Tea and ice creamC. Cakes and ice cream请听下面一段对话，回答第9至10小题。
（）9.What does the boy want to buy?A. A hatB. A shirtC. A sweater（）10.What is the boy’s favorite color?A. WhiteB. BlackC. Blue请听下面一段对话，回答第11至13小题。
（）11.What king of books does Rick like to read?A. Books about computersB. Books about musicC. Books about art （）12.What can Rick do?A. PaintB. Play chessC. Play the guitar（）13.Which club does Rick like to join?A. The music clubB. The chess clubC. The computer club请听下面一段独白，回答第14至16小题。
北京市海淀区2023-2024学年七年级上学期期中英语试题一、听短对话选答案1．How much are the socks?A．$5.B．$6.C．$7.2．Where is the boy’s notebook?A．On the desk.B．Under the bed.C．In the schoolbag.3．Who are the speakers talking about?A．The girl’s sister.B．The girl’s aunt.C．The girl’s grandma.4．Why does the boy like basketball?A．Because he has a nice teacher.B．Because he thinks it’s interesting.C．Because he can make more friends.二、听长对话选答案听对话，完成下列各小题。
5．When is Mom’s birthday party?A．On Thursday.B．On Saturday.C．On Sunday.6．What will the children give their mom on her birthday?A．A cake.B．A card.C．Some flowers.听对话，完成下列各小题。
7．What does the girl think of Nancy?A．Nice.B．Beautiful.C．Clever.8．What will the girl do with Nancy this weekend?A．Watch a movie.B．Make a poster.C．Have a talk.三、听短文选答案听独白，完成下列各小题。
9．What can we know from the message（留言）?A．The CD is in the bookcase.B．Frank has his math book with him.C．Mom will meet her son this afternoon.10．What should Frank do?A．Clean up the room every morning.B．Wait for his mom at the bus stop.C．Get ready for the next school day.四、其他11．What is Bob’s family name?12．What is Eric’s telephone number?13．What is the girl looking for?五、听录音回答问题请听一段对话，完成下列各小题。
6. Where are the speakers going to meet?A. In the library.B. On the playground.C. In the classroom.请听一段对话，完成第7至第8小题。
7. How does the girl feel about running 1000 meters?A. Great.B. Afraid.C. Interested.8. What is the boy’s advice?A. Keep running.B. Rest before running.C. Ask the teacher for help.请听一段独白，完成第9至第10小题。
9. What can you learn from the speech?A. The spelling games are on Friday.B. The best singers will get school T-shirts.C. All the students can go to the English party.10. Why does the speaker give the speech?A. To prepare for the English party.B. To introduce the English Festival.C. To talk about how to learn English.二、听后回答（共10分，每小题2分）听对话，根据对话内容笔头回答问题。
每段对话你将听两遍。
请听一段对话，完成第11小题。
11. How much is the schoolbag?___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________请听一段对话，完成第12小题。
北京市海淀区2018-2019学年七年级英语下学期期中试卷北京市海淀区2018-2019学年第二学期七年级期中英语试卷参考答案听力理解一、听对话或独白，选择答案。
（共12分，每小题1.5分）1.A2.B3. C4. B5. C6.B7.A8. C知识运用二、单项填空（共8分，每小题1分）9.B 10.C 11.B 12. A13. D 14. D 15. C 16.A三、短文填空（共12分，每小题1.5分）(大小写错误不扣分)17. easy 18. runs(不加s不给分)19. crosses(不加es不给分) 20. teacher21. well 22. live/survive23. so/and 24. save/protect四、完形填空（共12分，每小题1.5分）25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A29. C 30. D 31. A 32.B阅读理解五、阅读短文，选择最佳选项。
（共26分，每小题2分）33. A 34. D 35. D36. A 37. C 38. B 39. C40. B 41. C 42. D43. D 44. C 45. A六、阅读短文，回答问题。
（共10分，每小题2分）46. No./ No, he didn’t.47. When they drove by a red building (next to the food bank).48. 15 (places).49. A driving license.50. How a boy (and his father) provided /provides/is providing food for homelessmen and helped/helps/is helping them live a better life.How a boy and his father helped the homeless.Austin and his father’s acts of kindness to the homeless.书面表达七、完成句子（共10分，每空1分）51. on foot52. help with/ help study / help learn53. listen to54. make friends55. good/healthy for八、文段表达（10分）56. Sample 1Dear Sir / Madam,My name is Li Hua and I am from China.I like singing very much and I can sing a lot of English songs. Also, I can play two musical instruments, the violin and the guitar very well. So I really want to join the music club in our school.I’m interested in the music club because music can make me happy in my life.And I want to make friends with students in our school. I can also learn English from them.Thank you for considering my application and I’m looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li HuaSample 2Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hua. I’m happy to give a speech about rules.Rules are important.There are many rules in my school. We should wear our school uniform at school and we should go to school on time. We are required to keep the classroom clean and tidy. We can’t eat, drink or sleep in class…Rules are made to help us. We can have a better learning environment if we follow them. And they help us to focus on schoolwork and improve ourselves.Thank you.书面表达评分标准：请先根据文章整体内容和语言表达确定档次，然后根据语言质量在该档次内评出分数。
北京市海淀区2022-2023学年七年级下学期期末英语试题一、单项选择1．My mother is a doctor. ________ works in a hospital.A．He B．His C．She D．Her 2．—What time do you usually get up?—I usually get up ________ 6:00.A．in B．at C．on D．from3．Ice-cream tastes good, ________ it is not good for health.A．so B．and C．but D．or4．There ________ many flowers in our school yard. They look very nice.A．is B．are C．was D．were5．—________ does your brother look like?—He is tall and thin.A．Where B．Why C．When D．What6．—________ you play the guitar?—Yes, I can. And I’m good at it.A．Can B．May C．Must D．Need 7．Please be quiet. My baby sister ________ now.A．slept B．sleeps C．is sleeping D．sleep8．We ________ the Olympic Park last Saturday and we had a wonderful time.A．visit B．visits C．are visiting D．visited9．I ________ sports with my classmates after school every Monday.A．play B．plays C．am playing D．played 10．—________—Yes, I’d like a glass of orange juice.A．Excuse me.B．May I take your order?C．Are you OK?D．Good morning!二、选词填空What would people like to eat on their birthday? The answer would be different in different countries.In many countries, people have birthday cakes with 11 . The number of candles is the person’s age. The birthday person must make a 12 and blow out the candles. If he or she blows out all the candles in one go, the wish will come true. In the UK, people sometimes put a candy in a birthday cake. The child with the candy is 13 .In China, it is getting popular to have cake on your birthday. But many people still eat very long noodles for their birthday. They never cut up the noodles because the 14 noodles are a symbol of long life. In some places, Chinese people also eat eggs on their birthday. They are a symbol of life and good luck.All of these birthday foods may be different, but the ideas are the same. They 15 good luck to the birthday person.三、完形填空“Let’s try creating a round robin story (故事接龙) today,” said Carlos’s teacher, Ms. Wade. “That’s a kind of story where one person starts with a few sentences, and then a new person tells the next part. We pass the story on, until the last storyteller 16 it.”She looked around at the class and asked, “Who wants to start?”Hands shot up, but Carlos made himself as 17 as he could in his seat in the back row, hoping he wouldn’t get picked.In fact, when he was home, Carlos told fantastic stories to his family and everyone enjoyed them. But every day on the bus ride to school, he 18 his voice and became quiet.All Carlos knew was that he just felt too 19 to talk in class, to be in the spotlight.But now Ms. Wade was looking right at him. “Carlos, I know from our writing homework that you like telling stories. The one about the talking banana was so funny that it made me 20 so hard!”“A talking banana?” cried Elena, “I want to hear that one!”Ms. Wade was smiling when she turned again to Carlos.“So, would you like to start, Carlos, or would you rather be one of our 21 today?” Ms. Wade asked.Carlos looked around, and saw all the kids waiting for his 22 , with smiles as wide as Ms. Wade’s. Carlos heard himself begin, “Once there was a talking banana in Ms. Wade’s class...”“That banana was always talking big,” Carlos continued. “One day, the banana told everyone that he could jump over the tallest kid in class. Now, this banana was a little one, and the tallest kid in class was ten feet tall! But that banana didn’t care. He shouted ‘Banana-ran-ran!’ and ran straight at that ten-foot-tall kid, and then...”Carlos stopped.Half the class was laughing. The others 23 , “Then what? What happened?!”“Quiet, everyone! We’ll find out when the round robin ends,” Ms. Wade held up her hands and said, “Elena, maybe you can take the next part.”Carlos sat back in his seat, feeling ten feet tall himself. He had found his voice! 16．A．gets B．likes C．ends D．leaves 17．A．small B．new C．heavy D．tall18．A．had B．lost C．showed D．made 19．A．shy B．young C．big D．cool20．A．cry B．study C．sleep D．laugh 21．A．dreamers B．listeners C．helpers D．readers 22．A．letter B．picture C．story D．question 23．A．stopped B．turned C．remembered D．shouted四、阅读理解下面的材料分别介绍了不同的虚拟旅行地点。
