Ping-pong diplomacy

中国文化概论Lunar calendarLunar calendar is a traditional Chinese calendar according to which a common year has 354 or 355days in total, 12months of 30days or 29days and a lunar leap year has 383 or 384 days in 13months. According to changes in the position of the sun, a solar year is divided into 24 seasonal division points to facilitate farming. The years are designated by pairing items from the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches respectively so that 60 years from a cycle. It is said that the lunar calendar was created during the Xia Dynasty. Hence the term, Xiali, or Xia calendar.[The Chinese calendar is a lunisolar calendar, incorporating elements of a lunar calendar with those of a solar calendar. It is not exclusive to China, but followed by many other Asian cultures. It is often referred to as the Chinese calendar because it was first perfected by the Chinese around 500 BC.]MohismMohism, based on the teachings of Mo Zi, cherishes universal love which states that if all the people in the world loved one another, there would be no hatred, calamities, and hostilities. In politics and ethics Mohism advocates honoring virtuous people, opposing fatalism and aggressive wars, and upholding thriftiness and simple funerals. [Mohism was a Chinese philosophy developed by the followers of Mozi. It evolved at about the same time as Confucianism, Taoism and Legalism and was one of the four main philosophic schools during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.]The Book of SongsThe Book of Songs translated variously as the Classic of Poetry, or the Book of Odes, is the earliest existing collection of Chinese poems. It comprises 305 poems, from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle Spring and Autumn Period and is the best source for the daily lives, hopes, complaints and beliefs of ordinary people in the early Zhou period. The poems of Book of Songs have strict patterns in both rhyme and rhythm.In the light of rhythms, the works can be divided into three sections: Feng, Ya and Song, with the ya genre further divided into "small" and "large".Four treasures of the studyFour treasures of the study refer to the writing brush, ink stick, paper and ink stone. The name appears to originate in the time of the Southern and Northern Dynasties (420-589 AD). It is widely accepted that the best of each of these items is represented by the Hu brush, Hui ink stick, Xuan paper, and Duan ink stone, all being highly valued in both China and abroad.However, classical scholars had more than just the Four treasures in their studies. The other "Treasures" include the brush-holder (笔架), brush-hanger (笔挂), paperweights (镇纸), the brush-rinsing pot (笔洗), and the seal (图章) and seal-ink (印尼).Eight-part EssayDuring the Ming and Qing Dynasties, candidates of the imperial examinations were required to write essays in strict accordance with an eight-part form known for its rigidity of form and strict adherence to the ideology of the ruling class. New ideas were condemned. An essay in this style must consist of eight paragraphs, that is, Opening, Amplification, Preliminary exposition, Initial argument, Central argument, Latter argument, Final argument , Conclusion, and each paragraph must be written in a set form. Thus, the Eight-part Essay in the classical literary language of earlier eras became the major written genre of the time.The structure of much of the essay included heavy parallelism and redundancy, rhetorical features that survive in modern Chinese expository writing.Compass vehicle 航海贡献，东西方The compass vehicle was an ancient Chinese vehicle equipped with many gear wheels and a wooden figure that always pointed south no matter which direction the vehicle went. It’s an earlier and more primitive form of the compass, whose invention was firstly for Chinese to order and harmonize their environments and buildings in accordance with the geomantic principles of feng shui and later enabled mariners to navigate safely far from land, increasing sea trade, and contributing to the Age of DiscoveryPing-Pong diplomacyPing-Pong diplomacy refers to the exchange of ping pong players between the United States and People's Republic of China (PRC) in the 1970s. The event marked a thaw in U.S.–China relations that paved the way to a visit to Beijing by President Richard Nixon.In April 1971, at the 31st World Table Tennis Tournament in Japan, the Chinese team invited the United States table tennis (Ping-Pong) team to visit China. In 1972, the Chinese table tennis team accepted the invitation to pay a return visit to the United States. The friendly exchange between the table tennis players of the two countries opened the door to warmer relations between the Chinese and American nations, and became known as “Ping-Pong Diplomacy”.The Silk RoadThe Silk Road was the main trade route running through Asia in ancient times. Itstarted from the Weishui Valley in the east and ended on the east coast of the Mediterranean, from where it led to various places around Europe. From the Western Han Dynasty on, China’s silk was exported via this route to the West, and thus a closer link between China and the West was formed, and cultural exchanges and friendly visits were promoted.Chapter 11.The red color of the national flag of the PRC symbolizes revolution and theyellow color of the stars the golden brilliant rays radiating from the vast red land.The design of four smaller stars surrounding a bigger one signifies the unity of the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.2.China is a country varied topographical features with highlands in the west andplains in the east. Mountainous land and very rough terrains make up about 67% of Chinese territory, basins and plains 33%.3.The first primitive man known to have existed in China is Yuanmou Man, wholived about 1.7million years ago. Peking Man, who existed more than 400,000 years ago at Zhoukoudian, in the vicinity of modern Beijing, could walk upright, make and use simple tools, and make use of fire.4.Equality, unity, mutual assistance and common prosperity are the basicprinciples of the Chinese government in handling the relations between ethnic groups.5.Economic reform and opening-up are the two fundamental state policies ofChina. They have not only promoted the sustained, swift, and sound development of China’s national economy, but also helped restructure its economic system.Chapter 21.Confucianism is a school of thought represented by Confucius and Mencius. Itadvocates benevolence仁and justice义, allegiance忠and forbearance恕, the doctrine of the golden mean中庸and values the ethical 伦理的relations of men.2.Mohism is based on the teachings of Mo Zi. In politics and ethics it proposeshonoring virtuous people, opposing fatalism and aggressive wars, and upholding thriftiness and simple funerals.3.legalism, begun by Han Feizi, espouses拥护laying down laws to unify thethought of people, promoting agriculture to achieve affluence富裕, waging发动wars to gain strength and power, and establishing a system of bureaucracy.官僚制度4.One Buddhist doctrine is that everything in the world is changing, transient暂时的and unreal. There is no independent entity实体or dictator独裁者. The cornerstone基本观点of Buddhist philosophy is the view that all life is suffering, the cause of suffering is desire, the answer is to quench抑制desire, and the way to this end is to follow the Eight-Fold Path.八正道5.Of the many Buddhist Mountains, Mount Wutai, Mount Emei,Mount Putuoand Mount Jinhua are accepted as the Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains in China.Chapter 3 Literature1.Beginning with primitive mythology, Chinese literature developed with The Bookof Songs, Poetry of the South, the prose of the pre-Qin period, hanfu and yuefu folk songs of the Han Dynasty, the literary criticism in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the Tang poems, ci of the Song Dynasty, Yuanqu in the Yuan Dynasty and the Ming and Qing novels. Each dynasty contributed its own distinctive literary genre.2.Among the literary giants, Li Bai and Du Fu are regarded as the twin masters ofthe Tang Dynasty.3.Yuanqu, including sanqu and zaju forms, was popular in the Yuan Dynasty. Zajuwriters were Guan Hanqing and Bai Pu.4.The Ming and Qing dynasties saw publication of the four famous Chinese classicsof literature: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin,Journey to the West, Dream of the Red Mansions.5.Ba Jin was a prolific多产的writer. His Trilogy of the Turbulent Currents《激流三部曲》established his reputation. The trilogy includes Family, Spring and Autumn. In the novels, he launched a fervent强烈的attack on the life-destroying ethics of feudalism that had lasted in China for thousands of years.Chapter 4 Arts1.Strokes 笔画form Chinese radicals部首. A radical is the root of a character.Some of them are standalone characters独立成字, like those free roots in English, such as “土”and“山”; some are just like those bound roots in English, such as “忄”.2.Beijing Opera is regarded as China’s national opera. Singing, recitation, acting,and acrobatic fighting唱念做打are the four artistic means and the four basic skills.3.Shuanghuang is a kind of two-person folk art, with one acting in pantomime哑剧and the other hiding behind him or her doing all the speaking and/or singing.4.The Ghost-Exorcising Opera傩舞originated from a sacrificial ceremony fordriving away evil spirits and pestilence瘟疫in ancient times.5.Erhu, sometimes known in the West as the“ Chinese Violin”, is a two-stringedbowed musical instrument and is used as a solo 独奏instrument as well as for small ensembles and large orchestras.Chapter 5 Education1.Academies of classic learning书院and the books collection mansions藏书阁existed thousands of years ago and were more like the present higher education institutions and libraries. There were four famous academies in ancient China: Yuelu Academy in Changsha, Hunan Province; Bailudong Academy on Mount Lushan, Jiangxi Province; Songyang Academy in DengFeng, Henan Province;and Yingtian Academy in Shangqiu, Henan Province.岳麓，白鹿洞，嵩阳，应天2.At the court exam, the candidate who won the first place was called Zhuangyuan,and he would be granted a high-ranking position in the court. The one who won the second place was called Bangyan, and the third Tanhua. They would also be assigned important posts in the government.3.China’s nine-year compulsory education is composed of two parts: six years inprimary school and three years in junior high school.4.Undergraduate studies cover basic courses, specialty basic courses, and specialtycourses. College and university students also have a wide choice of extracurricular activities and every institution of higher learning has a student association practicing “ self-management, self-education, and self-service.”Chapter 6 Science and Technology1.Printing is known as “mother of civilization”. It has a long history and includesblock printing 雕版印刷and movable type printing.活字印刷2.Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty, whose monumental masterpiece, Compendiumof Meteria Medica本草纲目, includes 1892medicinal substances, 11096 prescriptions, and 1162 illustrations. Eight hundred and thirty-five years earlier than the next pharmacopeia药典in the world, this book has been translated into various languages and circulated流传throughout many countries.3.Weiqi is a popular board game that originated in China. It is played with blackand white pieces on a square wooden board of 361intersections formed by 19 vertical lines and 19horizontal lines. The person who has the most pieces walled-in will have the most points and be declared as the winner.4.On October 16,1964, China exploded the first nuclear bomb in Lop Nur ofXinjiang, becoming the third country with atomic weapon capability after the United States and the former Soviet Union.In June 1967, China successfully exploded the first hydrogen bomb.5.Yuan Longping’s pioneering work in hybrid rice breeding and productiontechniques has revolutionized rice cultivation in China, establishing China’s world leading position in hybrid rice research. China is now able to feed 22%of the world’s population with only 7% of the world’s total arable land.Chapter 7 Sports1.During the Tang Dynasty, equestrian polo击鞠或马球was popular in the palace,the army and among the men of literati文人墨客. Even women took delight playing in.2.Qigong is divided into categories: the quiescent and the mobile type.3.The “five-animal exercise”is a set of health-building exercise imitating themovements of five animals—tiger, deer, bear, ape and bird.4.Each of the five Olympic rings is of a different color. Together, they represent thefive inhabited continents, although no particular ring is meant to represent any specific continent. The rings are interlaced交织to represent the idea that the Olympics are universal, bringing athletes from the entire world together.5.By the end of the Athens Olympics, Chinese athletes had accumulated 112 goldmedals in six successive 连续的Summer Olympic Games.Chapter 9 Culinary Culture1.Generally speaking, there are three essential factors by which Chinese cooking isjudged, namely color, aroma, and taste, with taste being the most important.2.At a formal banquet, the host prepares adequate seating for the guests. Specialguests and the elderly sit on the north side of the table or directly facing the entrance to the room. The concept of “honored south, humble north”is closely related with Chinese traditional etiquette.3.Although there are hundreds of varieties of Chinese tea, they can be classified intofive basic categories according to the different techniques involved in processing the tea. The five types are green tea, black tea, oolong tea, compressed tea, and scented tea.4.The wager games can be classified into three categories----general games,literary games and contest games.5.Touhu is an ancient banquet game where the host and guests throw chips into apot. The winner is the one with the greatest number of chips thrown in, and the loser is required to drink as a forfeit.Chapter 10 Dress and Adornment Culture（无）Chapter 11 Architecture1.The layout of ancient architecture is plain, flexible and beautiful.2.The glaze was normally in one of four colors: yellow, green, blue and black.3.Four of the most famous huabiaos in China are found at Tian’anmen at theentrance to the Forbidden City in Beijing. They were constructed during the Qing Dynasty. Each has a stone hou（犼）sitting regally 帝王的华丽的atop the column 柱.4.Paifang is an archway拱门usually made from fine wood or stone, and paintedor decorated with glazed tiles上釉的瓦. Calligraphers are usually requested to write moral inscriptions to be carved into the middle beam. These structures usually stand in downtown areas, or at the entrances of mausoleums, temples, bridges and parks.Chapter 12 Major Tourist Cities1.The Thirteen Ming tombs are situated at the food of the Heavenly LongevityMountain天寿山to the northwest of Beijing. Among the 16emperors in the Ming Dynasty, 13 were buried in the Ming tomb area, along with 23 empresses, and many concubines, princes, princesses and maids.2.The name Lingyin comes from its naturally quiet surroundings. Located at thefoot of the Lingyin Hill northwest of Hangzhou, Lingyin Temple was built in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It is known as the “Buddhist Kingdom in the Southeast”with lush hills, clear springs and streams as well as beautiful trees and many historic relics and caves.3.The Forest of Steles碑林, lying inside the southern city wall in Xi’an, displays thelargest number of steles or stone-caved books from different dynasties in China and is a treasure house of calligraphic art.4.Important sights in Nanjing include the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, XuanwuLake, Confucius Temple, Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Mausoleum, a Ming Tomb, Linggu Monastery and Zijinshan Observatory.5.In December 1937, Nanjing fell to the Japanese invaders. The Japanese armylaunched a massacre that continued for six weeks. Around 300,000 people, mostly civilians and POWs (prisoners of war), were brutally slaughtered.Chapter 13 World Heritage Sites1.Up to June 2007, among the over 800 World Heritage Sites listed by UNESCO,China has 35 listed, ranking third, trailing behind Spain and Italy. Among them,24 belong to cultural heritages, 6 natural heritages, 4 dual heritages and 1 culturalscenery.2.There are five sacred mountains in China----Mount Taishan, Mount Huashan,Mount Hengshan, Mount Hengshan and Mount Songshan. They each have their own attractions.3.Since the nineties of the last century, there have been four natural sites listed asworld natural heritages: Wulingyuan, Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area, Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area and the SichuanGiant Panda Sanctuaries in Sichuan Province.4.Grottos were carved in cliff faces in various places, particularly in Northern China.The Yungang Grottos in Shanxi Province, the Dunhuang Caves in Gansu and the Longmen Grottos in henan are called the three most important grottos in China. 5.Xidi西递and Hongcun宏村are typical representation of the culture of feudalsociety in the later stage of China---the carrier of Huizhou culture. It has well preserved its dialects, costume, and some local food and drinks.Chapter 14 Travel Tips（无）。

中美乒乓外交英文作文初中英文，As a middle school student, I believe that ping-pong diplomacy between China and the United States is an important part of diplomatic relations. Ping-pong diplomacy refers to the use of table tennis as a means of improving diplomatic relations between countries. This wasparticularly significant in the 1970s when China and the United States used ping-pong as a way to bridge their political differences.I think that ping-pong diplomacy is a great example of how sports can be used to bring people together. For example, in 1971, the US table tennis team was invited to visit China, which was a significant event at the time. This visit helped to break down barriers between the two countries and ultimately led to the normalization of diplomatic relations between China and the US.中文，作为一个中学生，我认为乒乓外交是中美两国外交关系中的重要组成部分。

乒乓外交的英语作文初一Ping Pong Diplomacy。

Ping Pong Diplomacy refers to the exchange of table tennis players between the United States and China in the early 1970s. This event marked the beginning of a thaw in the Cold War between the two countries and paved the wayfor the normalization of diplomatic relations between them.In 1971, the US table tennis team was invited to participate in the World Table Tennis Championships in Nagoya, Japan. During the tournament, several members ofthe team were approached by Chinese players and officials, who expressed their desire to play against American players. This led to a series of exhibition matches between the two countries, which were seen as a breakthrough in the long-standing hostility between them.The Ping Pong Diplomacy was a significant event in the history of international relations. It demonstrated thateven in the midst of political tensions, people can find common ground through sports and cultural exchange. The exchange of table tennis players helped to break down the barriers of mistrust and suspicion that had existed between the US and China for decades.Ping Pong Diplomacy also paved the way for other forms of cultural exchange between the two countries. In 1972, US President Richard Nixon visited China, becoming the first American president to do so since the Communist Party took power in 1949. This visit marked a turning point in US-China relations, and led to the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries in 1979.In conclusion, Ping Pong Diplomacy was a remarkable event that brought about a significant change in the relations between the US and China. It showed that even in the midst of political tensions, sports and cultural exchange can help to build bridges of understanding and cooperation between nations. The legacy of Ping Pong Diplomacy continues to inspire people around the world toseek peaceful solutions to conflicts and to promote understanding and cooperation between nations.。

Cultural Knowledge of Major English-Speaking Countries英语国家文化常识1.United States of America:a country of North America with coastlines on the Arctic,Atlanticand Pacific oceans.It includes the noncontiguous states of Alaska and Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean.The area now occupied by the contiguous48states was originally inhabited by numerous Native Americans,the Indians.2.Washington,D.C.:capital of the United States,coextensive with the District of Columbia.Washington is the legislative,administrative,and judicial center of the United States.The city is also a major tourist attraction and cultural center.3.Abraham Lincoln:16th president of America.As president,he is best remembered forleading the Union through the Civil War and freeing Confederate slaves with the1863 Emancipation Proclamation,for delivering the Gettysburg Address,the most famous oration in American history,on19November1863,in which he claimed that government should be “of the people,by the people,for the people”.4.Pearl Harbor:an inlet of the Pacific Ocean on the southern coast of Oahu,Hawaii.It becamethe site of a naval base after the United States annexed Hawaii in1898.On Sunday,7 December1941,Japanese planes attacked the base,and United States entered World War II the following day.5.George Washington:first president and the founding father of the US.He stands as one ofthe three men—the others being Abraham Lincoln and Franklin Roosevelt—who came to power at the most6.Ralph Waldo Emerson:the most thought-provoking American cultural leader of themid-19th century.As a transcendentalist,Emerson spoke out against materialism,formal religion,and slavery.7.Henry David Thoreau:an American author,naturalist,and philosopher who is best knownfor his essay,Civil Disobedience,an argument for individual resistance to civil government, which would later influence such figures as Mohandas K.Gandhi and Martin Luther King,Jr.8.John Denver:one f the most popular recording artists of the1970s in the US.As country-folksinger/songwriter,Denver’s gentle,environmentally conscious music,like Rocky Mountain High and Take Me Home,Country Roads established him among the most beloved entertainers of his era.9.Mark Twain:American humorist and novelist.Born Samuel Langhorne Clemens,hispseudonym,Mark Twain,was taken from Mississippi riverboat terminology.His humorous tales of human nature,especially The Adventures of Tom Sawyer(1876)and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn(1885),remain standard texts in high school and college literature classes.10.Earnest Hemingway:one of the most famous American writers of the20th century.He wrotenovels and short stories about outdoorsmen,expatriates,soldiers and others.He is best known for his short novel The Old Man and the Sea(1952)which won him the Nobel Prize in Literature in1954.11.Rocky Mountains:a major mountain system of Western North America,extending around5,100km from northwest Alaska to the Mexican border.12.The New Deal:the collection of political and economic policies and programs promulgatedby the first two administrations of the presidency of Franklin D.Roosevelt.The New Deal policies were aimed at combating the economic miseries of the Great Depression.13.The Beatles:English top group,formed in Liverpool by John Lennon,Paul McCartney andGeorge Harrison.14.Yesterday Once More:a hit song by The Carpenters from their album Now&Then.TheCarpenters were a vocal and instrumental duo,consisting of siblings Karen and Richard Carpenter.They recorded fifteen#1songs in the entire decade of the1970s15.Halloween:celebrated in the United States,Canada,and the British Isles on31October bychildren going door to door while wearing costumes and begging treats and playing pranks.16.Jazz:once described as“the most significant form of musical expression of American blackculture and America’s outstanding contribution to the art of music”.From obscure origins among African Americans in New Orleans a century ago,the music blends elements of African music,work songs,and developing through the blues and ragtime into a new syncopated improvisational style.Jazz flourished in New Orleans before World War I,in Chicago in the1920s,and in New York and throughout the country after that.17.MIT:Massachusetts Institute of Technology,US private university in Cambridge,famous forits scientific and technological training and research.Founded in1861,MIT has schools of architecture and planning,engineering,humanities,arts,social sciences and management(the Sloan School).18.Ping-pong Diplomacy:In1971,a Us table-tennis team paid a visit to China after many yearsof antagonism between the two countries,opening the door for China-US people-to-people contacts.In the fall the same year,the then US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger visited China,followed by another historic visit by President Richard Nixon in1972,which paved the way for the normalization of bilateral relations.19.New York City:the“Big Apple”,the“City That Never Sleeps”—New York is a city ofsuperlatives:America’s most exciting place;its business and cultural capital;the nation’s trendsetter.20.Hollywood:a district of the city of Los Angeles,California,US.Its name is synonymous withthe American movie industry.It became the center of the movie industry by1915.21.Silicon Valley:located around Santa Clara and San Jose,California,being the home of manykey US corporations that specialize in advanced electronic and information technologies.First called“Silicon Valley”by a local news letter writer,the“Valley”became the center of newly developing technologies that many believed would revolutionize computers, telecommunications,and even society itself.22.IMF:the International Monetary Fund,an organization of185countries dedicated topromoting global monetary cooperation and the health and stability of the internationalmonetary system.The IMF supports worldwide economic growth by granting loans and technical assistance to countries in need.The organization was formed in1944.23.University of Cambridge:one of the world’s oldest and most prestigious academicinstitutions.Dating back some800years to1209,Cambridge boasts more than100academic departments and several world-class research centers that have produced more than8-Nobel Prize winners.Its alumni have included such prominent notables as Sir Isaac Newton,Charles Darwin,and Stephen Hawking.24.The British Broadcasting Corporation:usually known as the BBC.Founded in1922as theBritish Broadcasting Company Ltd,it was subsequently granted a Royal Charter and made a state-owned corporation.The corporation produces programs and information services, broadcasting globally on television,radon,and the Internet.25.Stonehenge:a group of standing stones in the west of England.The arrangement of the stonessuggests that Stonehenge might be once used as a religious center and also as an astronomical observatory.26.Robert Burns:widely regarded as the national poet of Scotland,and a lyricist.Among hisbest-known songs are“Auld Lang Syne”and“A Red,Red Rose”.He freely proclaimed his radical opinions,his sympathies with the common people,and his rebellion against orthodox religion and morality.27.Big Ben:one of the world’s largest four-faced clocks,also one of London’s most famouslandmarks.The name,which originally referred to the hour bell,was given in honor of Sir Benjamin Hall,the commissioner of works,according to the legend.28.Hyde Park:located in Westminster borough,London,England,a large public park inwest-central London,England.Distinctive features of the park are Hyde Park Corner(also the Speakers’Corner),the meeting place of soapbox orators.29.M artin Luther King,JHr.:an African-American clergyman who advocated social changethrough non-violent means.A powerful speaker and a man of great spiritual strength,he shaped the American civil rights movement of the1950s and1960s.King won the1963Nobel Peace Prize,becoming at the time the youngest recipient ever.30.GM:General Motors Corporation(GM)is the world’s largest automotive manufacturer formost of the20th century and into the21st It was founded in1908by William C.Durant to consolidate several motorcar companies,based in Flint,Michigan.Its arsenal of brands includes Chevrolet,Pontiac,GMC,Buick,Cadillac,Saturn,Hummer,and Saab.31.London Bridge is falling down:one of the widest-know children’s songs in theEnglish-speaking world and has existed both as a nursery rhyme and as a singing game for a very long time.32.The Mississippi River:the largest river of North America.The River has been a focal pointin American history,commerce,agriculture,literature,and environmental awareness.33.Trafalgar Square:in Westminster,London,England,named for Lord Nelson’s victory at thebattle of Trafalgar.Trafalgar Square is a frequent site of political rallies.34.Gladiator:a2000historical action drama film.It is directed by Ridley Scott and stars RussellCrowe.Crowe portrays General Maximus Decimus Meridius,who rises through the ranks of the gladiatorial arena to avenge the murder of his family and his Emperor.The film who five Academy Awards in the73rd Acadamy Awards ceremony.35.University of Oxford:an autonomous university at Oxford,Oxfordshire,England.It wasfounded in the12th century and modeled on the University of Paris,with initial faculties of theology,law,medicine,and the liberal arts.Oxford has been associated with many of the greatest names in British history.36.Cowboy:used in England meaning“a boy who takes care of cows”.But it is the Americanswho invented two new meanings for it.The first one was the revolutionary patriots’term for pro-British raiders during the American Revolution,while the second kind of cowboy came to national and worldwide attention after the American Civil War,when for two decades thousands of cowboys drove millions of longhorn cattle from Texas to the new transcontinental railroads in Kansas and Colorado.Building on this legend,cowboy today still is used to mean someone who is reckless,impulsive,and dangerous.It can also be modified to mean someone who merely puts one airs of being tough or sophisticated:a drugstore cowboy.37.Canada:with a developed market economy that is export-directed and closely linked withthat of the US,Canada is one of the world’s most prosperous countries.It is a parliamentary state with two legislative houses;its chief of state is the British monarch,whose representative is Canada’s governor-general,and the head of government is the prime minister.Originally inhabited by American Indians and Inuit,Canada was visited in AD1000by Scandinavian explorers,whose settlement is confirmed by archaeological evidence from Newfoundland.38.Sydney:capital of New South Wales,Australia.Sydney is Australia’s largest city,chief port,and main cultural center.The dramatic,modernistic Sydney Opera House complex was largely designed by Jorn Utzon,the Danish winner of an international competition;it is now Sydney’s most famous landmark.39.Salzburg:the fourth-largest city in Austria and the capital of the federal state of Salzburg.Salzburg’s“Old Town”with its world-famous baroque architecture was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.The city is noted for the birthplace of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and the setting for parts of the musical and film The Sound of Music,which features famous landmarks in Austria,but focuses mainly on Salzburg.40.Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart:a prolific and influential composer of the Classical Era in whatis now Austria,but then part of the Holy Roman Empire.He composed over600works,many acknowledged as pinnacles of symphonic,concertante,chamber,piano,operatic,and choral music.He is among the most enduringly popular of classical composers.41.Buffalo:the second most populous city in the state of New York,second only to New YorkCity.Located in Western New York on the eastern shores of Lake Erie and at the head of the Niagara River,Buffalo is the principal city of the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area.42.The Scilence of the Lambs:a1991horror thriller directed by Honathan Demme and starringJodie Foster,and Anthony Hopkins.It is based on the novel of the same name by ThomasHarris.In the film,Clarice Starling,a young FBI trainee,seeks the advice of the imprisoned Lecter on catching a serial killer known only as“Buffalo Bill”.The film won the top five Academy Awards:Best Picture,Best Actress,Best Actor,Best Director and Best Screenplay.43.Madonna:an American recording artist,actress and entrepreneur.Madonna is ranked by theRecording Industry Association of America as the best-selling female rock artist of the20th century and the second top-selling female artist in the United States.She has sold over200 million albums worldwide.In2007,Guinness World Records listed her as the world’s most successful female recording artist of all time and she was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame the following year.44.Bank Holliday:a public holiday in both the United Kingdom and Ireland.There is someautomatic right to time off on these days,although the majority of the population not employed in essential services receive them as holidays;those employed in essential services usually receive extra pay for working on these days.Bank holidays are often assumed to be so called because they are days upon which banks are shut,but this is not in fact the case.Some of the assumed bank holiday are days on which the banks are shut but are not,in fact,a bank holiday(e.g.Good Friday and Christmas Day).Stephen’’s Day:or called the Feast of St.Stephen is a Christian Saint’s Day celebrated on 45.St.Stephen26December in the Western Church and27December in the Eastern Church.Many Eastern Orthodox churches adhere to the Julian calendar and mark St.Stephen’s Day on27December according to that calendar.46.Boxing Day:a public holiday in the United Kingdom,Australia,Canada,New Zealand,andcountries in the Commonwealth of Nations with a mainly Christian population.The name derives from the English tradition giving gifts(a“Christmas box”)to less fortunate members of society in the days when people worked in rural economies.Boxing Day is traditionally celebrated on26December.Unlike St Stephen’s Day,Boxing Day has become a secular holiday and is not always on26December.The date of observance of Boxing Day varies between countries.47.Martin Luther King,Jr.Day:a United States holiday marking the birthdate of Reverend.Dr.Martin Luther King,Jr.,observed on the third Monday of January eash year,around the time of King’s birthday,January 5.It is one of three United States federal holidays to commemorate an individual person.After King’s assassination in1968,United States Representative John Conyers introduced a bill in Congress to make King’s birthday a national holiday.On November2,1983,United States President Ronald Reagan signed the bill creating a federal holiday to honor King.It was observed for the first time on January2o, 1986.Washington’’s birthday:a United States feral holiday celebrated on the third Monday of 48.WashingtonFebruary.It is also commonly known as Presidents Day(or Presidents’Day).As Washington’s Birthday or Presidents Day,it is also the official name of a concurrent state holiday celebrated on the same day in a number of states.bor Day:a United States federal holiday observed on the first Monday in September(September7in2009).The holiday originated in Canada out of labor disputes(“Nine-HourMovement”)first in Hamilton,then in Toronto,Canada in1870s,which resulted in a Trade Union Act which legalized and protected union activity in1872in Canada.In1882,American labor leader Peter J.McGuire witnessed one of these labor festivals in Toronto.Inspired from Canadian events in Toronto,he returned to New York and organized the first American“Labor Day”on September5of the same year.50.Columbus Day:first became an official state holiday in Colorado in1906,and became afederal holiday in1934.The day has been celebrated in the United States since1792in New York City,and it honors Christopher Columbus,who landed in the Americans on October12, 1492.51.Veterans Day:is an annual American holiday honoring military veterans.Both a federalholiday and a state holiday in all states,it is usually observed on November11.It is also celebrated as Armistice Day or Remembrance Day in other parts of the world,falling on November11,the anniversary of the signing of the Armistice that ended World War I.52.Thanksgiving Day:presently celebrated on the fourth Thursday in November,has been anannual tradition in the United States since1863.It did not become a federal holiday until1941.Thanksgiving was historically a religious observation to give thanks to God,and is still celebrated as such by some religious families,but it is now considered a secular holiday as well.In the United States,certain kinds of food are traditionally served at Thanksgiving meals.Baked or roasted turkey is usually the featured item on any thanksgiving feast table.Stuffing, mashed potatoes with gravy,sweet potatoes,cranberry sauce,sweet corn,other fall vegetables, and pumpkin pie are commonly associated with Thanksgiving dinner.Patrick’’s Day:an annual feast day which celebrated St.Patrick,the most commonly 53.St.Patrickrecognized of the patron saints of Ireland,and is generally celebrated on17th of March.The day is a national holiday of Ireland.It is also a public holiday in Canada,United Kingdom, Australia,the United States,Argentina and New Zealand.It is widely celebrated but is not an official holiday.Today,St.Patrick’s Day is widely celebrated in America by Irish and non-Irish alike.Many people,regardless of ethnic background wear green-colored clothing and items.Celebrations are generally themed around all tings Irish and the color green.The secular version of the holiday is celebrated by wearing green,eating Irish food and/or green foods,imbibing Irish drink and attending parades,which have a particularly long history in the United States.Andrew’’s Day:the first day of Saint Andrew.It is celebrated on30November.Saint 54.St.AndrewAndrew is the patron saint of Scotland,and St.Andrew’s Day is Scotland’s official national day.In2006,the Scottish Parliament designated St.Andrew’s Day as an official bank holiday.Although most commonly associated with Scotland,Saint Andrew is also the patron saint of Greece,Romania,and Russia.Quiz1.Which of the following states is the capital of the United States?A.New York.B.London.C.Washington.D.California.2.Who wrote The Adventures of Tom Sawyer?A.Ralph Waldo Emerson.B.Mark Twain.C.Robert Burns.D.Ernest Hemingway.3.In which city can you see Big Ben?A.Oxford.B.London.C.Cambridge.D.Sydney.4.When does Thanksgiving Day come?A.On the second Sunday in May.B.On the third Saturday of June.C.On the first Monday in May.D.On the fourth Thursdays in November.5.Who gave the famous speech“I Have a Dream”?A.Ralph Waldo Emerson.B.Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.C.Christopher Columbus.D.Martin Luther King,Jr.6.Which of the following abbreviations is the world’s largest automotivemanufacturer?A.AMB.GMC.BBCD.MIT7.Which of the following novels was written by Ernest Hemingway?A.The Old Man and the SeaB.The Last IvyC.Pride and PrejudiceD.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn8.Hollywood is synonymous with the American______industry.A.automobileB.movieC.electronicD.novel9.Which of the following rivers is the largest one of North America?A.The Nile.B.The Amazon.C.The Mississippi.D.The Danube.10.Which of the following cities is called the“Big Apple”?A.New YorkB.LondonC.CaliforniaD.WashingtonKeys to Quiz1.C2.B3.B4.D5.D6.B7.A8.B9.C10.A。

滨州市二〇二一年初中学业水平考试英语试题温馨提示:1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共12页。

满分120分。

考试用时120分钟。

考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

2.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试题卷和答题卡规定的位置上。

3.第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

答案不能答在试题卷上。

4.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试题卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题共80分）一、听力选择（共20小题，计20分。

每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间。

）（一）录音中有五个句子，听句子两遍后，从每小题A、B、C三个选项中选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。

1.A. Yes, I do. B. Yes, I have. C. No, I didn't.2.A. Yes, please. B. No, thanks. C. OK, I will.3.A. Yes, I think so. B. Is it all right? C. That's a good idea.4. A. Friendly. B. Very well. C. It's fun.5. A. Don't worry. B. I don't mind. C.1 agree with you.(二)录音中有五组对话和五个问题，听对话和问题两遍后，从每小题A、B、C三个选项中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。

6. Which animal did the woman use to like best?7. When will the film begin?8. How often does Peter play basketball?A. Every day.B. Once a week.C. Twice a week.9. Why doesn't Tom need any help?A. Because he is clever.B. Because he thinks it is not hard.C. Because he wants to do it himself.10. Where are the two speakers?A. In a cinema.B. In a car.C. At the police station.(三)录音中有一段对话和五个问题，听对话和问题两遍后，从每小题A、B、C三个选项中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。

乒乓外交的英语作文怎么写Ping Pong Diplomacy。

In 1971, the United States and China were still officially enemies. The two countries had not had any diplomatic relations since 1949, when the Communist Party took over China. But that year, something unexpected happened that began to change the relationship between the two countries. It was called Ping Pong Diplomacy.The story began at the 31st World Table Tennis Championships, which were held in Nagoya, Japan. The Chinese team was there, and so was the American team. One day, the American team was practicing in a gym when some Chinese players walked in. They started playing with the Americans, and soon they were all having a good time. The Chinese even invited the Americans to visit China.The American team was surprised by the invitation, but they accepted. In April of 1971, they traveled to China,becoming the first Americans to visit the country since 1949. The trip was a huge success. The Americans playedtable tennis with the Chinese, and they also met with Chinese leaders, including Premier Zhou Enlai. The trip helped to break down barriers between the two countries,and it paved the way for President Richard Nixon's historic visit to China the following year.Ping Pong Diplomacy was a turning point in the relationship between the United States and China. It showed that even small gestures of friendship can have a big impact. Today, the two countries are still not always on good terms, but they are much closer than they were in 1971. And it all started with a game of ping pong.As an AI language model, I understand the importance of Ping Pong Diplomacy in the history of Sino-US relations.The event, which began with a casual game of table tennis, had far-reaching effects on the political and social landscape of the two countries. It marked the beginning ofa new era of diplomacy and communication between the two superpowers, and it helped to break down the barriers ofmistrust and misunderstanding that had existed for decades.Ping Pong Diplomacy was a powerful example of the importance of cultural exchange and people-to-people diplomacy. It showed that even in the midst of political tensions and ideological differences, individuals can come together to find common ground and build bridges of understanding. The trip by the American table tennis team to China was a bold and courageous move, and it paved the way for greater cooperation and collaboration between the two countries.Today, Ping Pong Diplomacy serves as a reminder of the importance of diplomacy and communication in international relations. It is a testament to the power of sports and cultural exchange to bring people together and promote peace and understanding. As we face new challenges and tensions in the world today, we can look to the lessons of Ping Pong Diplomacy for inspiration and guidance. By working together and finding common ground, we can build a better and more peaceful world for all.。

下面我们就来看看乒乓球项目的有关词汇：人员规则发球与接球握拍击球抽杀旋转推挡远近与快慢打法场地与器材1.乒乓球运动：tabletennis;ping-pong;paddle2.乒乓外交：ping-pongdiplomacy3.团体赛：teamevent4.男子团体赛：men'steamevent5.女子团体赛：women'steamevent6.单项比赛：individualevent7.单打：singles8.男子单打：men'ssingles9.女子单打：women'ssingles10.双打：doubles11.男子双打：men'sdoubles12.女子双打：women'sdoubles13.混合双打：mixeddoubles14.斯韦思林杯（男子团体奖杯）：SwaythlingCup15.考比伦杯（女子团体奖杯）：MarcelCorbillonCup16.勃莱德杯（男子单打奖杯）：St.BrideVase17.盖斯特杯（女子单打奖杯）：G.GeistPrize18.伊朗杯（男子双打奖杯）：IranCup19.波普杯（女子双打奖杯）：W.J．PopeTrophy20.赫杜赛克杯（混合双打奖杯）：HeydusekPrize21.乒乓球运动员：tabletennisplayer;paddler22.裁判员：umpire23.主裁判；裁判组长：chiefumpire24.裁判长：referee25.副裁判长：deputyreferee26.检录长：chiefrecorder27.团体赛两队之间的一场比赛：teammatch;tie28.团体赛两队队员之间的一场比赛：individualmatch29.每局11分制：11-pointscoringsystem30.轮换发球法：expeditesystem31.主队队员抽签代号：ABC32.客队队员抽签代号：XYZ33.选择方位与发球权：choiceofendsandservice34.交换场地换边：changesides35.换发球：changeservice36.发球违例：servicefault37.拦击：volley38.连击：doublehit39.两跳：doublebounce40.界内球：inside41.出界：out;outside;overthetable42.落网：net;hitintothenet43.擦网球：netball44.擦网好球：netin45.擦网出界：netout46.擦网重发：let47.擦边球：edge[touch]ball；touch48.擦边缘以下的球：edger49.局末平分后的分数：extrapoint发球与接球50.发球：serve；service51.发球员：server52.发球员的右半区：server'srighthalfcourt53.发球员的左半区：server'slefthalfcourt54.下蹲式发球：squatting[crouchingposition]service55.无遮挡发球：no-hidingservice56.高抛式发球：hightossservice57.发轻球：lightservice58.发短球：shortservice59.发底线球：deepservice60.发平击球：flatservice61.正手发球：forehandservice62.反手发球：backhandservice63.发反手斜线球：backhandcrosscourtservice64.发斜线急球：fastcrosstableservice65.发弹击式急球：flipservice66.发怪球：freakservice67.发旋转球：spinservice68.发不转球：knuckleservice;servewithoutspin69.发上旋球：topspinservice70.发下旋球：backspinservice71.发奔球：deeptopspinservice72.发侧旋球：sidespinservice73.发快速旋转球：heavyspinservice74.发球时用手指转球：fingerspin75.合法发球：goodservice76.发球得分：serviceace[winner;point]77.发球失误：loseone'sserve;missedservice78.发球落网：fall79.发球出界：serviceout80.发球未触及本区台面：volleyedservice81.接球：receive;reception82.接球失误：receivemiss83.接球员：receiver84.接球员的右半区：receiver'srighthalfcourt85.接球员的左半区：receiver'slefthalfcourt86.接发球：servicereception[return]87.接发球得分：killaservice88.执拍手：rackethand89.非执拍手：freehand90.直握：pen-holdgrip91.直拍运动员：pen-holder92.横握：tennis［shake-hand；knife-hold;open;orthodox;Western]grip93.横拍运动员：open-gripplayer;tennis-holder94.深握：deep[Seemiller]grip95.击球：hit;stroke;strike;shot96.轻击：tap97.还击回球：return98.合法还击：goodreturn99.击球部位：strikingspotontheball100.触球：impactwiththeball101.触球点（点在球上）：pointofcontact 102.正手侧：forehandside103.正手击球：forehandstroke104.反手侧：backhandside105.反手击球：backhandstroke106.拍形：shapeofbat107.拍面垂直：batinverticalposition108.拍面前倾：battiltedforward109.拍面稍前倾：battiltedslightlyforward 110.拍面后仰：battiltedbackward111.拍面稍后仰：battiltedslightlybackward 112.调整拍形：anglethebat113.挥拍幅度：amplitudeofswing114.挥拍速度：speedofswing115.挥拍路线：pathofthebat116.随挥动作：follow-through117.飞行路线：line[path]offlight;trajectory118.飞行最高点：zenithofflight119.球反弹的顶点：topofthebounce120.高球：lob;highball;balloonshot121.直线球：straight[down-the-line]shot122.斜线球：cross[angled;diagonal]shot123.曲线球：curvedstroke124.飘球：floater125.落点控制得好的球：placement;well-placedshot126.追身球：body（-chasing）hit127.超身球：passingshot128.机会球：sitter;easyball129.打出界：overhit;hitout130.步法：footwork131.单步：singlestep132.并步：levelstep133.跨步：stridingstep134.跳步：jumpingstep135.小碎步：randomlittlestep136.侧身步：sidewaystep137.混乱的步伐：confusedfootwork138.站位：positioning139.近台（身体离台约30-50厘米）：shortcourt;closetothetable 140.中台（身体离台约50-100厘米）：middlecourt141.远台（身体离台1米以上）：backcourt;off[farfrom]thetable 142.站位姿势：stance143.抽球：drive144.平抽球：flatdrive145.反手抽球：backhanddrive146.跳起抽球：jumpsmash147.扣球：smash148.扣杀［死］：kill;dealafatal［lethal]blow149.侧身攻：pivotattack;forehandattackfrombackhandcourt 150.突然起板：sudden[surprise］attack151.猛击：hardhit;slag;wham；slam152.旋转：spin153.旋转球：screw;spinningball154.不转球：plain[knuckle]ball155.上旋：topspin156.左侧上旋：left-sidetopspin157.右侧上旋：right-sidetopspin158.下旋：back[under]spin159.左侧下旋：left-sidebackspin160.右侧下旋：right-sidebackspin161.急下旋：fast[quick]backspin162.侧旋：sidespin；English163.左侧旋：leftsidespin164.右侧旋：rightsidespin165.回跳：backwardbound166.低旋球：bottom-spin167.加转：impartspintotheball168.刁钻的旋转球：viciousspin169.抵消旋转：counteract[offset]spin170.削球：chop;cut;slice;chisel171.削球手：chopplayer172.削短球：shortchop173.削得薄：cutthin174.削下旋球：backspinchop175.对搓：choppingthechop;trade[exchange]chops176.弧圈球：loop（drive）177.弧圈球选手：looper178.提拉：lift179.前冲弧圈球：fast[accelerated]loop180.高吊弧圈球：highloop181.强旋转弧圈球：heavy-spinloop182.加转高吊弧圈球：high-spin[super]loop183.不转弧圈球：dummyloop184.推：push185.挡：block186.推挡：push-and-block;semi-pushandsemi-drive;semi-volley 187.轻推挡球：stopball188.加力推：accentuatedpush189.减力挡：cushionblock;stop-blockshot190.快挡：fastblock远近与快慢191.短[吊近网]球：short[drop]shot;dink192.长[远；底线]球：deep[long]ball;end-lineshot193.近抽：closedrive194.远抽：long[off-table]drive195.近削：close-to-table[short-range]chop196.远削：longchop197.台内抽球：driveoverthetable198.台内削球：chopoverthetable199.滚网球：net-cordball200.打到对方台角的球：corner201.快［急］球：quick[fast]ball202.快拉：quicklift203.快拨：quickflick204.快点：quickpoint205.快带：quickbringing206.抖腕球；弹球：flick207.改变速度：changespeed208.打法：playingmethod；play;game209.风格：styleofplay210.快、准、狠、变、转：speed，accuracy,aggressiveness,variationandspin 211.争取主动：gaincontrol[domination]overthegame;forcethepace212.前三板：firstthreestrokes213.发球抢攻：attackafterservice;third-ballattack;service-ledoffensive214.相持球：sustained[protracted]rally;post-third-ballstrokes;persistenttradeofshots 215.对攻［抽]：exchangedrives216.攻击型打法：offensiveplay217.攻击型选手：attackingplayer218.防守型打法：defensiveplay219.防守型选手：defensiveplayer220.以削为主的打法：allcut221.削中反攻：counterattackduringchops222.左推右攻：backhandblockandforehandattack223.正反手结合进攻：forehandandbackhandattacks224.反手攻结合侧身攻：backhandandpivotattacks225.快攻结合弧圈球：fastattackandloop226.弧圈球结合快攻：loopandfastattack227.直拍横打：pen-holdbackhandattackwithreversesurface228.近台打法：close-to-tableplay229.近台快攻：close-to-tablefastattack230.近台防守：short［close-to-table]defense231.近网区：netzone232.近网球打法：netplay233.以短回短：returnshortwithshort234.远台打法：far-from-tableplay235.远台防守：far-from-table[long-range]defense236.放高球防守：balloon[highlobbing]defense237.打回头；远台反攻：hitbackfromalongdistance;far-from-tablecounterattack238.长短结合：longdrivescombinedwithdropshots；long-and-shortplay;rockingtactics 239.变线：changedirectionofshots240.两面攻：two-wingedattack;attackonbothsides241.滑板：feintplay242.拉中路杀两角：cornersmashafterlifttothemiddle243.拉两角杀相反方向：smashafterlifttooppositecorner244.多球训练：multi-ballpractice245.共同练习：jointpractice场地与器材246.比赛场区：playingarea247.挡板：barriers；surrounds248.记分器：scoreindicator249.球台［桌］：table250.中线：center[middle;servicecenter;doubles]line251.左半区：lefthalfcourt252.右半区：righthalfcourt253.本方球台：homecourt254.对方球台：opponent'scourt255.台面：playingsurface256.网：net257.网架：netbrace258.网柱：pole;support259.乒乓球：tabletennis[ping-pong]ball260.大球（直径40毫米）：bigball261.乒乓球发射机：robotmachine262.乒乓球拍：tabletennisbat[racket;paddle]263.拍柄：handle264.拍身：blade265.拍面：racketsurface266.木版面：woodenface267.胶合板：veneer268.双面胶板：double-gluebat269.胶皮：gum；rubber（covering）270.合成胶：syntheticrubber271.胶粒：pimple272.胶膜：paintsheet273.胶水：glue274.海绵胶拍：sponge（bat）；sandwich;softrubber275.橡胶拍：rubberbat276.胶粒球拍：pimpledrubber277.正胶拍：pimples-[pips-]outbat;sandwich[outward-pimpled]rubber278.反胶拍：pimples-[pips-]inbat；invertedsandwich[inward-pimpled]rubber;reversed（-glue）bat 279.长胶拍：long-pimpledbat280.两面不同性能的球拍：differentrubberbat281.两面不同颜色的球拍：two-colorbat282.防弧圈拍：anti-loopbat283.反旋转拍：anti-spin[Phantom]rubber。

介绍乒乓球英语作文Table tennis, also known as ping-pong, is a sport that has captured the hearts of millions around the globe. It is a fast-paced game that requires agility, precision, and strategy. In this essay, we will delve into the history, rules, and significance of table tennis, as well as its impact on sports culture.Origins and Evolution:Table tennis originated in the late 19th century in England as an after-dinner game among the upper-class. It evolved from the parlor game whiff-whaff to the more competitive sport we know today. The name "ping-pong" comes from the sound made by the ball hitting the paddle and table.Basic Rules and Gameplay:The game is played between two or four players (singles or doubles) on a hard table divided by a net. The small, lightweight ball is struck with a small, wooden paddle covered with rubber on both sides. Points are scored when a player fails to return the ball before it bounces twice.Equipment and Techniques:Players use different types of paddles depending on their playing style. The rubber on the paddle can be smooth for a faster speed or textured for more spin. Techniques such as the forehand and backhand strokes, as well as the serve and return, are fundamental to the game.Health Benefits and Popularity:Table tennis is not only a competitive sport but also a great way to improve hand-eye coordination, concentration, and physical fitness. It is popular among people of all ages and is often played recreationally in schools, community centers, and even at home.International Competitions:The sport has a significant presence in international competitions, including the Olympics, where it has been a medal event since 1988. China has dominated the sport, producing many world champions.Cultural Impact:Table tennis has also played a role in international diplomacy, famously known as "ping-pong diplomacy" when the United States and China used the sport to ease political tensions in the 1970s.Conclusion:Table tennis is more than just a sport; it is a cultural phenomenon that brings people together across borders. Its simplicity and universal appeal have made it a beloved pastime and a serious competitive endeavor. Whether you're picking up a paddle for the first time or you're an aspiring champion, table tennis offers a unique blend of fun and challenge that keeps players coming back for more.。

Step by Step——The film critic of "Forrest Gump "摘要：阿甘在影片中被塑造成了美德的化身，诚实、守信、认真、勇敢而重视感情，对人只懂付出不求回报，也从不介意别人拒绝，他只是豁达、坦荡地面对生活。

他把自己仅有的智慧、信念、勇气集中在一点，他什么都不顾，只知道凭着直觉在路上不停地跑，他跑过了儿时同学的歧视、跑过了大学的足球场、跑过了炮火纷飞的越战泥潭、跑过了乒乓外交的战场、跑遍了全美国，并且最终跑到了他的终点。

关键字：阿甘正传；豁达坦荡；跑Abstract: Gump was shaped into the embodiment of virtue in the film. Although Gump’s IQ is a little lower than normal levels. He was honest, trustworthy, serious, and bold and places a very high value on feelings. He only knows how to pay without asking for anything, and never mind others refuse him. He was just open-minded, magnanimous in the face of life. He focuses all of his wisdom, faith and courage on one point, just run and run. Nothing is important to him but run. He kept running on the road on instinct. He ran over the classmates’ discrimination in childhood, ran the university's football field, running through the fire swirling in the quagmire of the Vietnam War, ran ping-pong diplomacy over, the entire United States, and eventually went to his end.Key words: Forrest Gump; open-minded; run"Forrest Gump ", the masterpiece of American Anti-intellectual film, fills of the sprit of conservatism of Hollywood, shows the convention between history and personal. It looks through the political and social history of the United States by ordinary people’s experience.Access to 67th session of the Oscar for best picture, best actor, good director, and other six awards and the 16th session of the Golden Rooster Award for Best dubbed Award.Tom Hanks also starred in the film "The code of Dan Vince ", “The Terminal ", "Saving Private Ryan "and so on. In a number of stars in Hollywood, who can act the very sympathetic "gay", and also the simple and honest "low-energy child," and the "Astronaut”, besides the incomparably brave "soldiers of World War II", and each movie is very popular? Tom - Hanks did. Tom born a baby face, he is not very handsome but very funny; any role he acts is unforgettable. He won the 1994 Academy Award for Best Actor Award. He is one of the most influential stars in Hollywood.In the 1990s, the anti-intellectual sprit in America is very high. And then, the Hollywood produced a number of anti-intellectualism films. And "Forrest Gump "is the masterpiece of anti-intellectual films in this period. It is based on American writer Winston Glum’s best-selling novel of the same name. It describes the reflection of all aspects of American life through Gump whose IQ is in 75. The film shows us some important events in American social and political life in unique perspective. It makes Americans to re-examine the State and individuals in the past, and to reflect upon the nature of Americans. It re-affirmed the old moral and social subjects culture, promote the dominant ideology of the United States in 1960s. And at the same time, it negatives other avant-gardes culture. I think maybe because of this, Americans love it so much."Forrest Gump "makes us know about two men: Gump and Tom Hanks. Gump was shaped into the embodiment of virtue in the film. Although Gump’s IQ is a little lower than normal levels. He was honest, trustworthy, serious, and bold and places a very high value on feelings. He only knows how to pay without asking for anything, and never mind others refuse him. He was just open-minded, magnanimous in the face of life. He focuses all of his wisdom, faith and courage on one point, just run and run. Nothing is important to him but run. He kept running on the road on instinct. He ran over the classmates’ discrimination in childhood, ran the university's football field, running through the fire swirling in the quagmire of the Vietnam War, ran ping-pong diplomacy over, the entire United States, and eventually went to his end. Gump never insist something or expect something, he just uses his simple and honest and pure totouch the world.In the sky, a feather fly in the wind, drifting across treetops, fly toward blue sky. And last, the feather falls on the feet of Forrest Gump. Gump sited on a bench in Alabama, talking about all his life.Forrest Gump was born in Alabama, where is in South America, an isolated small town Shortly after World War II. He was born with mental retardation, with the IQ only in 75. However, Gump’s mother has a strong character and she hopes Gump lives as same as others. She always encourages Gump, tells Gump〝You are no different than anybody else is.〞Furthermore, Gump became friends with Jenny, and he can run, run very fast. Once in middle school, in order to avoid his classmates in pursuit, Gump ran into a school football field, because of his running fast, he was admitted into the university. And later he became a rugby star and met with President John F. Kennedy.After graduation, encouraged by a recruit, Gump candidates took part in the Vietnam War. In a battle, his unit had been ambushed, when ordered to retreat, Gump remembered Jennifer's orders, and he broke into a run. Moreover, Gump saved many of his comrades. But Bubba, the best friend of Gump’s who was enthusiastic about shrimp was died. And Lieutenant Taylor lost his legs.After the war, Gump has been an audience with President Johnson's. At a peace rally, Gump met Jenny again, however, Jenny has fallen, lived a life of debauchery. Gump loves Jenny all along, yet Jenny has been not to accept him, they parted hastily rushed encounter.As a ping-pong diplomacy envoy, Gump also went to China took part in table tennis, campaign for Sino-US relations. Under the guidance of the doctrine "say we should do", Forrest Gump finally found his own sky. He taught, "Elvis," Elvis Pulaisili study dance. He helped John Lennon writing songs. In the Civil Rights Movement, he collapsed in a hair-trigger large-scale ethnic conflict. He even inadvertently forced the thief sneaked into the Watergate building into the net of justice.And moreover, Gump also made a fortune in strange combination ofcircumstances to become a billionaire. Because didn’t want be tired by fame or fortune, Gump became a gardener. Gump always missed Jenny; however Jenny had been led astray and caught in despair. Finally one day, Jenny came back, she lived with Gump for a period of time. And one evening, Jenny throws herself into the lap of Gump, and to leave quietly at the next day’s dawn. Years later, Gump met Jenny again, and a little boy who was Gump’s son. This time, Jennifer has got a kind of incurable disease. The three of they got back to their hometown, spent a happy time.Janet passed away, and their son got to school age. One day, Gump sent his son to the school bus, at this time, a feather fall off from Gump’s son’s book, and fly away in the wind. Jenny is a symbol of degradation; she contracted almost all of the bad habits, such as drug addiction, sexual liberation and so on. Finally, she died of a virus - in fact imply that the HIV virus. But Forrest Gump does not count everything, always in love with her, reflects his innocence and goodness.Gump just like a fighter, he seems silly, but in fact he was successes, he won the survival and development again and again. This is a hope of God rewards good, at the same time, it also includes a tone: forward, ran. It is said that such a run will bring hope. Virtually, the hopes exist indeed. This unique film has won so many viewers, attracting the audience only like an easy and even entertaining; it illustrates the hopes and aspirations of its own charming. Shaping the image of Forrest Gump, subverts the normal world of the heroic image, runs counter to the traditional concept, has a strong anti-tradition, anti-mainstream sexual. Gump’ experiences make many wise men pale by comparison.I think the director just wanted to irony society and reflecting the social status quo come through shaping the image of Forrest Gump. Gump always has a group of trailing behind him，they could not find the answer to life. It can be said that this is a reality at that time in the U.S. society. People are disappointed with the reality, they could not find motivation and meaning of existence, and had to put the fate of their faith in other people. On the contrary, Gump always faces the reality with optimism, runs with courage. This is a wonderful irony.I really love this film. Everyone who watched Forrest Gump would gain a littlesentiment. And to me, it makes me understand life is more beautiful than I ever think. Whoever we are, and whatever we do, we should believe ourselves, never give up and never think we are inferior to others. Gump's mother once said "Life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what you're gonna get. "In fact, this simple discourse contains a life attitudes that each person understand but difficult to achieve. And I think the film constantly to the audience about the different life to prove this sentence.There are also many other wonderful movie lines, just like " Stupid is as stupid does." "Miracles happen every day." " I don’t know if we each have a destiny, or if we’re all just floating around accidental—like on a breeze. " "Death is just a part of life, something we’re all destined to do." "You are no different than anybody else is. " my heart was shocked by these affecting words .I was deeply moved by this film.Life is filled with so much uncertainty. We should not to be Calm, optimistic, and positive to face the life. Perhaps your destiny is not very luck now, but who knows what will ha ppen in the future, just be happy and don’t worried.。

中美乒乓外交英文作文初一1. What is Ping Pong Diplomacy?Ping Pong Diplomacy refers to the exchange of table tennis players between China and the United States in the early 1970s. This exchange helped to improve the diplomatic relations between the two countries, which had beenstrained for many years.2. How did Ping Pong Diplomacy start?In 1971, the U.S. table tennis team was in Japan forthe World Table Tennis Championships. While there, they received an invitation from the Chinese team to visit China. This was a surprise, as the U.S. and China had no formal diplomatic relations at the time. However, the U.S. team accepted the invitation and traveled to China, where they were warmly welcomed.3. What was the impact of Ping Pong Diplomacy?Ping Pong Diplomacy was a significant turning point in the relationship between China and the U.S. It helped to break down barriers and led to the establishment of formal diplomatic relations between the two countries in 1979. It also paved the way for other cultural exchanges and trade agreements.4. Why was table tennis chosen as a tool for diplomacy?Table tennis was a popular sport in both China and the U.S., and it was relatively easy to organize an exchange of players. Additionally, table tennis was seen as a non-threatening sport, which made it a good choice for diplomatic purposes.5. Has Ping Pong Diplomacy had a lasting impact?Yes, Ping Pong Diplomacy is still remembered as a significant event in the history of U.S.-China relations.It helped to lay the groundwork for future cooperation and exchange between the two countries. Today, table tennisremains a popular sport in both China and the U.S., and players from both countries continue to compete at the highest levels.。

史称乒乓外交英语作文Ping Pong Diplomacy in History。

Ping Pong Diplomacy, also known as "Table Tennis Diplomacy," refers to the exchange of table tennis players between the United States and China in the early 1970s. This historic event played a significant role in the normalization of relations between the two countries and had a profound impact on the global political landscape.The origins of Ping Pong Diplomacy can be traced back to the 1971 World Table Tennis Championships in Nagoya, Japan. During the event, the American table tennis team was invited to visit China, marking the first time that American athletes had been invited to the People's Republic of China since its establishment in 1949. This unexpected invitation was a result of a chance encounter between American player Glenn Cowan and Chinese player Zhuang Zedong, which led to a friendly exchange of gifts and a warm interaction between the two athletes.The visit of the American table tennis team to China was a groundbreaking moment in international relations. It was a time when the United States and China were deeply entrenched in the Cold War, and their relations were characterized by mutual distrust and hostility. The visit, however, opened the door to a new era of engagement and cooperation between the two nations.The impact of Ping Pong Diplomacy was far-reaching. It paved the way for the historic visit of U.S. President Richard Nixon to China in 1972, which marked the beginning of the normalization of diplomatic relations between the two countries. This shift in relations had profound implications for the global balance of power and contributed to the eventual end of the Cold War.Ping Pong Diplomacy also had a lasting impact on the sport of table tennis. It helped to popularize the game in the United States and China and contributed to the growth of the sport as a global phenomenon. The exchange of players and the friendly competitions between the twocountries fostered a spirit of sportsmanship and camaraderie, transcending political and ideological differences.In conclusion, Ping Pong Diplomacy stands as a testament to the power of sports in promoting peace and understanding between nations. It was a pivotal moment in history that reshaped the dynamics of international relations and left a lasting legacy on the sport of table tennis. The spirit of cooperation and friendship that emerged from this historic event continues to inspire and remind us of the potential for sports to bridge divides and build bridges between nations.。

乒乓外交史Ping-pongDiplomacy乒乓外交史 Ping-pong DiplomacyOne of the first public hints of improved U.S.-China relations came on April 6, 1971, when the American Ping-Pong team, in Japan for the 31st World Table Tennis Championship, received a surprise invitation from their Chinese colleagues for an all-expense paid visit to the People’s Republic. Time magazine called it "The ping heard round the world." On April 10, nine players, four officials, and two spouses stepped across a bridge from Hong Kong to the Chinese mainland, ushering in an era of "Ping-Pong diplomacy." They were the first group of Americans allowed into China since the Communist takeover in 1949.1971年4月6日，乒乓球曾经作为中美关系友好使者，为两国关系的发展做出了突出的贡献。

那时，美国的乒乓球队，在日本参加第31届乒乓球冠军赛事。

他们惊奇地接受到来自中国的'邀请，费用全由中国承担。

正如纽约时代杂志所说，乒乓球的声音回荡全球！4月10日，9名队员，4名官员，两对夫妇登上了香港连接大陆的桥梁，捧出了“乒乓外交”。

乒乓外交的作文素材英文回答：Ping-pong diplomacy refers to the use of table tennis as a means of communication between nations, particularly during the Cold War era. This form of diplomacy was first initiated in 1971 when the United States table tennis team was invited to visit China, marking the first official contact between the two countries since 1949. This unexpected invitation paved the way for improved relations between the US and China, leading to the eventual normalization of diplomatic ties. The significance of ping-pong diplomacy lies in its ability to break down barriers and promote dialogue between nations, even in the midst of political tensions.Ping-pong diplomacy played a crucial role in bridging the gap between the US and China. The visit of the American table tennis team to China was seen as a gesture of goodwill, and it helped to create an atmosphere of mutualunderstanding and trust. The players were able to interact with their Chinese counterparts, exchanging ideas and experiences both on and off the table. This personal connection fostered a sense of camaraderie and friendship, which ultimately led to the thawing of relations betweenthe two countries.中文回答：乒乓外交是指利用乒乓球作为国家间交流的手段，特别是在冷战时期。

乒乓外交的英语作文Ping-pong diplomacy, a term coined in the 1970s, refers to the use of table tennis as a means of communication between countries. It was a unique and unconventional way to break the ice and foster better relations.The beauty of ping-pong diplomacy lies in its simplicity. Just a few players, a table, and a ball wereall it took to bring people together, regardless of their differences. It showed that sometimes, the most effective communication can be achieved through a shared activity rather than words.Through ping-pong diplomacy, countries were able to engage in friendly competition and build bridges that went beyond politics. It was a reminder that sports have the power to transcend boundaries and unite people in a common goal.The impact of ping-pong diplomacy extended far beyondthe table tennis court. It paved the way for new channels of communication and opened doors for dialogue between nations that were previously at odds. It showed that even the smallest gestures can have a big impact on international relations.In the end, ping-pong diplomacy was not just about playing a game – it was about building trust, fostering understanding, and creating opportunities for cooperation. It was a powerful reminder that sometimes, all it takes is a little sportsmanship to bring people together and pave the way for a brighter future.。

乒乓球是中国人最喜欢的运动作文英语全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Table tennis, also known as ping pong, is a sport that holds a special place in the hearts of the Chinese people. It is not just a game for fun or recreation, but a national passion that unites people of all ages and backgrounds. In China, table tennis is more than just a sport – it is a way of life.The popularity of table tennis in China can be traced back to the 1950s, when the sport was introduced to the country. Since then, it has grown to become one of the most popular sports in China, with millions of people playing it regularly. The sport has produced many world-class players, such as Ma Long, Zhang Jike, and Ding Ning, who have won numerous international tournaments and brought glory to their country.One of the reasons why table tennis is so popular in China is its accessibility. Unlike other sports that require expensive equipment or facilities, table tennis can be played almost anywhere – in schools, parks, community centers, and even onthe streets. All you need is a table, a ball, and a pair of paddles, and you can start playing.Another reason for the popularity of table tennis in China is its social aspect. It is a sport that can be played by people of all ages and abilities, making it a great way for families and friends to bond and have fun together. In China, it is common to see people of different generations playing table tennis together in parks or community centers, cheering each other on and sharing tips and advice.Furthermore, table tennis is a sport that promotes physical fitness and mental agility. It requires quick reflexes, hand-eye coordination, and strategic thinking, making it a great way to stay active and sharp. In China, many people play table tennis as a form of exercise, using it to improve their physical health and mental wellbeing.In addition to its health benefits, playing table tennis also teaches important values such as discipline, sportsmanship, and teamwork. In China, many schools and community centers offer table tennis programs that not only teach the skills of the game but also instill these values in young people. Through table tennis, people learn the importance of hard work, perseverance,and respect for others – qualities that are highly valued in Chinese society.Overall, table tennis is more than just a sport in China – it is a cultural phenomenon that reflects the values and traditions of the Chinese people. It brings people together, promotes fitness and mental agility, and teaches important values that help shape the character of individuals. As long as there are tables, balls, and paddles, table tennis will continue to be the most beloved sport in China.篇2Table tennis, also known as ping pong, is one of the most popular sports in China. It has a long history in the country and has become deeply ingrained in Chinese culture. From amateur players in local parks to professional athletes competing on the international stage, table tennis has captured the hearts of millions of Chinese people.There are several reasons why table tennis is so beloved in China. Firstly, the sport is accessible to people of all ages and skill levels. It can be played in a small space with minimal equipment, making it a popular choice for recreational activities. Many Chinese families have a table tennis table in their home orcommunity space, allowing people to practice and play at their convenience.Secondly, table tennis is a sport that requires quick reflexes, agility, and strategic thinking. Chinese people are known for their strong work ethic and competitive spirit, which are essential traits for success in table tennis. Young children are often introduced to the sport at a young age, and those who show promise are given opportunities to train at specialized sports schools. This early exposure and training have produced some of the world's greatest table tennis players, such as Ma Long, Zhang Jike, and Ding Ning.Furthermore, table tennis has a rich competitive history in China. The country has dominated the sport at the international level, winning numerous Olympic gold medals and World Championships titles. Chinese players are renowned for their technical skills, speed, and mental toughness, making them formidable opponents on the global stage. The success of Chinese table tennis players has inspired a new generation of athletes and fans, further fueling the popularity of the sport in the country.In addition to its competitive success, table tennis has also played a significant role in fostering diplomacy and internationalrelations. The sport has often been used as a tool for cultural exchange and friendship between China and other countries. Ping pong diplomacy, for example, helped thaw relations between China and the United States in the 1970s, paving the way for improved political and economic ties.In conclusion, table tennis holds a special place in the hearts of Chinese people. Its accessibility, competitiveness, and cultural significance have made it a beloved pastime for millions of individuals in the country. Whether playing for fun in the park or competing for Olympic gold, table tennis will continue to be an integral part of Chinese sports culture for generations to come.篇3Table tennis, also known as ping pong, is one of the most popular sports in China. It has a long history in the country and has become deeply rooted in Chinese culture. In fact, it is often considered the national sport of China.There are several reasons why table tennis is so beloved by the Chinese people. Firstly, it is a sport that requires skill, strategy, and quick reflexes, making it both challenging and exciting to play. Many Chinese people enjoy the fast-paced nature of the game and the intense competition it fosters.In addition to being a fun and engaging sport, table tennis is also a sport that can be played by people of all ages and skill levels. Whether you are a beginner or a seasoned pro, there is always room for improvement and growth in the sport. This accessibility has helped to make table tennis a popular choice for many Chinese people, who often play recreationally with friends and family.Furthermore, the success of Chinese table tennis players on the international stage has helped to fuel the popularity of the sport in China. Chinese athletes have consistently dominated the world of table tennis, winning numerous Olympic medals and world championships. This success has inspired a new generation of players in China, who aspire to follow in the footsteps of their sporting heroes.In Chinese schools, table tennis is often taught as part of the physical education curriculum. Students learn the basics of the game and are encouraged to develop their skills through practice and training. This early exposure to the sport has helped to create a strong foundation of table tennis players in China, who go on to compete at local, national, and international levels.Table tennis has also played a role in fostering cultural exchange and diplomacy between China and other countries. Asa popular sport worldwide, table tennis has helped to build bridges between nations and promote friendship and understanding. The sport has been used as a tool for communication and cooperation, bringing people together across borders and boundaries.In conclusion, table tennis is a beloved sport in China for many reasons. Its challenging and engaging nature, its accessibility to players of all ages and skill levels, the success of Chinese athletes on the world stage, its presence in schools and communities, and its ability to promote cultural exchange and diplomacy all contribute to its popularity in the country. As such, it is no surprise that table tennis is considered one of China's favorite sports.。